Patent Application
20130239942
The present invention relates to a support and handling apparatus of slab materials, in particular, but not exclusively, stone materials, like, for example, marble and granite, and to a method for feeding such slab materials to the work plane of a machine for machining the same.
Machines for machining slab materials, and in particular stone materials, essentially comprise a table that defines a work plane on which the slab to be machined is placed, a tool-holder group to which a machining tool is associated, for example a circular blade or a milling cutter, an apparatus for moving the tool-holder group over the work plane and a drive and control unit equipped with a suitable operator interface. A machine of this type is for example described in Italian patent application MI2010A000876, in the name of the Applicant.
In the following of the present description and in the subsequent claims, the term “machining” is used to generically indicate any operation carried out on a piece of material, like for example cutting, squaring or shaping.
Conventionally, different apparatuses for supporting and moving the slabs are used to feed the relative machining machines. Such apparatuses pick up the slabs to be machined from a storage station and feed them to the work plane of the machine.
For example, amongst the most common supporting and moving apparatuses there are bridge cranes and lift trucks, often equipped with suction cups for picking up the slabs. An example of a lift truck with suction cups is described in German patent DE 4332991. In general, these apparatuses have proven bulky and complicated to use.
Alternatively, supporting and moving apparatuses have been proposed comprising a conveyor belt. The conveyor belt is equipped with a portion extending directly under the tool-holder group of the machining machine, therefore being configured as a work plane of the machine. These systems suffer from a major drawback: the tool of the machining machine, for example a circular blade, cannot sink beyond a certain limit into the slab being machined so as not to damage the belt of the conveyor belt.
As an alternative to the supporting and moving apparatuses described above, machining machines have been proposed having a work plane provided with motorised rollers for the movement of the slabs. The motorised rollers allow both the feeding of the pieces to be machined into the action area of the tool of the machine, and the unloading of the machined pieces. The motorised rollers, are both rotatable to transmit the movement to the slabs and vertically movable between a first raised work position, at which the slab rests directly on the rollers, and a second lowered rest position, at which the rollers do not interact with the slab, which rests on fixed support elements of the work plane. The rollers take the lowered position when the tool of the machine must machine the slab, in this case without running the risk of damaging the rollers. The rollers take the raised position when the slab must be fed to the machine or unloaded therefrom after having been machined.
Disadvantageously, the motorised rollers are subject to frequent jamming and breaking caused by the debris and by the dusts produced during the machining of the slabs, with obvious repercussions on productivity.
In general, the systems described above for supporting and moving slabs share a major drawback, linked to the speed of the feeding and unloading operations. The described systems, in fact, do not to maximise the productivity of the slab-machining machine since, for each slab machined, the machine remains inactive during the feeding and unloading operations of the slab itself. In other words, the machine is subject to a more or less prolonged standstill condition during the operations of feeding a new slab or of unloading a machined slab.
Until now, therefore, the solutions used to support and feed slab materials have proven to be the bottleneck of the production cycle. However, for some time now there has been a need to maximise the productivity of machines for machining the described materials.
European patent application EP 1 749 624 A1 describes an apparatus for positioning and unloading slabs comprising a pair of trucks suitable for supporting a respective slab to be machined and horizontally movable in an alternate manner between a position for working the slab and a loading/unloading position of the slab to be machined/already machined.
German patent application DE 100 40 552 A1 describes an apparatus for loading and unloading a machine for machining slab material comprising a storage station formed by a plurality of vertically stacked compartments, each of which is suitable for housing a respective slab, and a transportation device equipped with a support frame movable along vertical guides to move a single slab from the storage station to the machine for machining and vice-versa.
The Applicant has developed an alternative to the previous solutions which avoids prolonged machine standstills that up to now have been necessary to complete the feeding and unloading operations of the slab materials.
The technical problem underlying the present invention is therefore that of providing a support and handling apparatus of slab materials which allows to solve in a simple and effective manner the drawbacks of conventional solutions, allowing at the same time to maximise productivity.
In a first aspect thereof, the invention therefore relates to a support and handling apparatus of slab materials according to claim 1.
More specifically, the invention relates to a support and handling apparatus of slab materials, comprising:
a) a support structure, defining a horizontal work plane of a slab material;
b) a plurality of first supporting and sliding rollers defining a first horizontal lying plane of said slab material;
c) a plurality of second supporting and sliding rollers defining a second horizontal lying plane of said slab material beneath the first lying plane;
wherein said first and second supporting and sliding rollers are rotatably supported by respective support frames;
the apparatus further comprising:
d) a driving device of the support frames with respect to the support structure to vertically translate said support frames between:
d1) a first operative position wherein:
d2) a second operative position wherein:
d3) a third non-operative position wherein:
Advantageously, the apparatus according to the present invention makes it possible to feed a new slab to be machined to the work plane of a machine and at the same time to unload a machined slab from the same work plane, so that the standstill of the machine due to the exchange of slabs is reduced to a minimum.
This outstanding advantage is achieved, as will become clearer hereafter, in the following way: a first slab to be machined is arranged on the second supporting and sliding rollers, and then is positioned on the second lying plane; the second rollers are lowered to lay the slab to be machined on the work plane, which preferably coincides with the work plane of the machine to be fed.
When the machining of the slab has ended, the relative unloading from the work plane occurs in the following way: the first supporting and sliding rollers engage with the lower surface of the slab and lift the same up to a predetermined distance from the work plane, at the waiting/unloading plane positioned above the loading/unloading plane of the slab material. At this time, a new slab to be machined, supported by the second supporting and sliding rollers on the second lying plane substantially coinciding with the loading/unloading plane of the slab material, is inserted between the machined slab and the work plane.
Thereafter, the first and second rollers are simultaneously lowered to leave the new slab to be machined on the work plane and to take the previously machined slab to the loading/unloading plane from which the slab is unloaded by sliding on the first supporting and sliding rollers.
The described procedure is cyclically repeated for all of the slabs to be fed to the machine for machining the slab material.
In other words, the machined slabs and the slabs to be machined are continuously alternated above the work plane so as to minimise the time normally required to feed the slabs to the machines by means of known apparatuses, with clear advantages in terms of productivity.
The apparatus according to the present invention also makes it possible to minimise the risks of breaking or damaging the slabs. The slabs moved by the apparatus do not undergo to impacts or bending which may cause chips or cracks.
Preferably, both the first supporting and sliding rollers and the second supporting and sliding rollers are rotatably supported by the respective support frames on opposite sides with respect to the support structure.
Preferably, the rollers are idly mounted on the respective frames. In an alternative embodiment, some rollers can be motorised.
More preferably, the first supporting and sliding rollers and the second supporting and sliding rollers comprise respective series of rollers opposite with respect to the support structure of the apparatus.
In this way, the slabs are advantageously supported by the first or by the second supporting and sliding rollers only at the lower surface and at opposite edges of the slabs, so that the latter are suspended over the work plane.
Preferably, the first supporting and sliding rollers comprise pairs of opposite rollers facing each other on opposite sides of the support structure and spaced apart from each other at a distance slightly greater than the width of the work plane. The second supporting and sliding rollers have an analogous configuration.
Even more preferably, the rollers of the first supporting and sliding rollers and of the second supporting and sliding rollers are arranged in pairs and the corresponding rollers of each pair are arranged on opposite sides with respect to the support structure of the apparatus so as to define the aforementioned support configuration in a simple and effective manner.
The aforementioned series of opposite rollers thus define a respective first and second lying plane spaced apart at a predetermined distance along the vertical direction; in particular, in the apparatus of the invention the first rollers constitute upper supporting and sliding rollers and the second rollers constitute lower supporting and sliding rollers, defining in this way a configuration with superimposed and spaced apart support and lying planes.
Preferably, all of the supporting and sliding rollers are translationally supported by the support structure by means of the aforementioned support frames which are preferably associated to at least one respective upright of the support structure.
Preferably, each frame is connected to a respective upright by means of a screw coupling of the driving device. For example, each frame is hinged to a bracket connected to the upright by means of the screw coupling of the driving device.
Preferably, the apparatus comprises a second driving device of the support frames, adapted to move the support frames with respect to the support structure along a transversal direction with respect to the vertical direction between a first position, wherein the opposite rollers of the first and second supporting and sliding rollers are proximal to one another, and a second position wherein the opposite rollers of the first and second supporting and sliding rollers are distal to one another.
In this way, the first and second rollers are movable with respect to the support structure along a transversal direction with respect to the vertical direction and are advantageously moved along the transversal direction with respect to the work plane to completely disengage the slab positioned with precision on the work plane so as to allow its machining.
Preferably, the movement of the support frames along the transversal direction is obtained by horizontally moving the frames or by hinging the frames to the support structure and by rotating them in opposite directions with respect to the support structure.
In a first preferred embodiment, each support frame is horizontally movable with respect to a respective upright of the support structure.
In a first preferred alternative embodiment, each support frame is angularly movable with respect to a respective upright of the support structure in the opposite direction with respect to the other frame.
The opposite rollers of the first and second supporting and sliding rollers are thus preferably movable along the transversal direction by means of translation or rotation with respect to the support structure.
In both cases, the rollers of a series of rollers are moved in the opposite direction with respect to the rollers of the opposite series of rollers.
In a particularly preferred embodiment, each frame is movable with respect to the respective upright along a vertical direction and is angularly movable with respect to the same upright along an opposite direction with respect to the frame of the opposite rollers.
Preferably, the vertical and transversal movements of the opposite rollers of the first and second supporting and sliding rollers are synchronised with each other. In other words, the rollers arranged on opposite sides with respect to the support structure move in synchrony both in the vertical movements and in the transversal movements.
Preferably, the driving device that vertically moves each support frame with respect to the support structure also comprises one or more motors that control the movements of each frame with respect to the relative upright.
Preferably, the waiting/unloading plane coincides with a second unloading plane of the machined slab material.
In a second aspect thereof, the present invention relates to a method for feeding a slab material to a work plane of a machine for machining the slab material by means of a support and handling apparatus of said slab material according to claim 11.
More specifically, the method according to the present invention comprises the steps of:
Preferably, steps a)-g) are carried out by means of the apparatus described above. In particular:
In a third aspect thereof, the present invention relates to an alternative method for feeding a slab material to a work plane of a machine for machining the slab material by means of a support and handling apparatus of said slab material according to claim 13.
More specifically, the method according to the present invention comprises the steps of
Preferably, in this preferred embodiment of the method of the invention the unloading plane of the first machined slab material coincides with the waiting plane of the previous embodiment.
Preferably, steps a)-g) are carried out by means of the apparatus described above. In particular:
Advantageously, the method according to the present invention in its various embodiments makes it possible to minimise the time needed to feed the work plane of a machine with the new slabs to be machined, with minimum risks in terms of possible breaking of the slabs.
Preferably, the method also comprises, in both of the aforementioned embodiments, a step b1), intermediate to steps b) and c), wherein the first and second rollers are further lowered so as to position them beneath the work plane.
Preferably, the method also comprises, in both of the aforementioned embodiments, the step h), intermediate to steps b) and c), wherein the second supporting and sliding rollers are transversally moved at a distal position with respect to the work plane to disengage the first slab material to be machined and the first supporting and sliding rollers are transversally moved at a proximal position with respect to the work plane to engage the first machined slab material.
Additional features and advantages of the present invention will become more clearly apparent from the following description of a preferred embodiment thereof, made hereafter, for indicating and not limiting purposes, with reference to the attached drawings. In the drawings:
In
A loading truck associated to the supporting apparatus 1 is generally indicated at 100.
Reference letter P indicates a slab-carrying platform, i.e. a framework in which a slab L is housed. The slab-carrying platform P can have a wooden lower base in direct contact with the lower surface of the slab L.
The loading truck 100, which is not part of the present invention, essentially comprises a frame 101, movable on two tracks 102 fixed to the floor, and a support element 103 for slab-carrying platforms P connected to the frame 101 in a tillable manner by means of an articulation for example controlled by a hydraulic system. The support element 103 is tillable between the almost vertical position shown in
In
The truck 100 is provided with a motorised pushing/extracting element (not shown), which pushes the platform P with the relative slab L out of the horizontal support element 103, to feed the apparatus 1, and picks up the platform P with the machined slab L from the same apparatus 1 to reposition them on the support element 103.
The apparatus 1 comprises a support structure 2, which defines the horizontal work plane PL of the machine for machining the slab L, i.e. the platform P containing the slab L. In the embodiment shown in the attached figures, the support structure 2 is constituted by vertical uprights 21 coupled with one another by means of cross members 22; the work plane is defined by the upper surface of the uprights 21. In other words, the slab-carrying platform P or the slab L itself can be laid on the uprights 21, in a perfectly horizontal position.
The apparatus 1 also comprises a plurality of first upper rollers 3 and 4 for the support and sliding of the platform P with the slab L on a first horizontal lying plane P1. Preferably, the first supporting and sliding rollers 3 and 4 are arranged in a left row and in a right row with respect to a direction X transversal to the apparatus 1, so as to be on opposite sides with respect to the support structure 2. For example, the two rows comprise an equal number of corresponding and opposite rollers 3 and 4.
The apparatus 1 also comprises a plurality of second lower rollers 5 and 6 for the support and sliding of the platform P with the slab L on a second horizontal lying plane P2 beneath the first lying plane P1. Preferably, the second supporting and sliding rollers 5 and 6 are also arranged in a left row and in a right row with respect to the direction X, so as to be on opposite sides with respect to the support structure 2. For example, the two rows comprise an equal number of corresponding and opposite rollers 5 and 6.
Preferably and in order to have the lying planes P1, P2 arranged one below the other, the rollers 5 are arranged below the rollers 3 and the rollers 6 are arranged below the rollers 4.
Preferably, the rollers 3-6 are idly mounted on suitable support frames 7, preferably shared between the rows of rollers on a same side as shown in
The support frames 7 and the rollers 3-6 idly mounted thereon are movable along a vertical direction Y and along a direction Z transversal to the vertical direction Y and to the direction X with respect to the support structure 2.
Alternatively, in another embodiment not shown in the drawings, the rollers 3 are mounted on a first frame, the rollers 4 are mounted on a second frame, the rollers 5 are mounted on a third frame and the rollers 6 are mounted on a fourth frame and said frames have driving devices independent from each other.
Preferably, the frames 7 are alternatively movable along a direction Y parallel to the uprights 21 and are angularly movable with respect to the latter along a direction away from the structure 2, as indicated by the arrows R1 and R2 in
To this end, the apparatus 1 comprises a first driving device of the frames 7 with respect to the support structure 2 to vertically translate the support frames 7.
Preferably, the first driving device of the frames 7 includes a motor M2 and a screw coupling 31 (see
In order to tilt the frames 7 with respect to the uprights 21 along the direction away from the structure 2 as illustrated by the arrows R1, R2 in
A method for feeding slabs to a work plane of a machine for machining the slab material according to a preferred embodiment of the invention will now be described with reference to the schematic
Moreover, this preferred embodiment of the method of the invention will be illustrated from a start-up transient condition, in which the apparatus 1 neither supports nor moves any slab material L.
The truck 100 moves on the tracks 102 and approaches the apparatus 1, as shown in
During this first step of the method, the slab-carrying platform P is preferably transferred by means of a pushing/extracting element (not shown) from the truck 100 to the support apparatus 1 on the rollers 5 and 6 and at the second lying plane P2. In this configuration, the apparatus 1 is configured like a roller table.
As clearly shown in
During this second step of the method, the apparatus 1 is in a third configuration, subsequent to the preceding one, wherein the support frames 7 are preferably lowered with respect to the support structure 2 down to a height at least sufficient to stably position the slab-carrying platform P on the work plane PL. In this configuration, the work plane PL and the second lying plane P2 are substantially coincident with each other (apart from minor differences due to adjustments). The slab-carrying platform P is no longer vertically supported by the lower rollers 5 and 6, but directly by the uprights 21. The translating movement of the frames 7 with respect to the respective uprights 21 is preferably achieved by means of the first driving device comprising the screw coupling 31 (partially visible in
During this preferred step, the apparatus 1 takes a fourth configuration, subsequent to the preceding one, wherein the support frames 7, with the respective rollers 3, 4; 5, 6 are moved away from the support structure 2, for example rotated by means of the second driving device comprising the hydraulic driving devices 30 along the directions indicated by the arrows R1 and R2, i.e. along opposite directions with respect to the support structure 2, to disengage the platform P and the slab L which remain completely supported by the uprights 21.
In such a preferred configuration, the first upper supporting and sliding rollers 3, 4 and the second lower supporting and sliding rollers 5, 6 are all positioned below the work plane PL.
When the apparatus 1 is in its fifth configuration, the slab L completely disengaged from the rollers is machined by a tool of a machine the work plane of which is the plane PL described above. For example, the slab L can be cut, milled, bevelled, etc.
At the end of the machining operations of the first slab L, the method includes a step wherein the apparatus 1 takes a sixth configuration shown in
During this step of the method, the support frames 7 of the apparatus 1 are preferably rotated in the initial vertical position parallel to the uprights 21 by means of the second driving device and are partially lifted by means of the first driving device with respect to the minimum height shown in
During this fourth step of the method, the apparatus 1 takes an eighth configuration, subsequent to the preceding configuration, in which the second slab L2 is preferably loaded onto the second lower rollers 5 and 6, i.e. arranged between the work plane PL, from which it is in any case raised, and the first machined slab L supported by the first upper rollers 3 and 4.
During this step, the platform P with the slab L2 is preferably laid on the uprights 21, i.e. it is taken onto the work plane PL, partially lowering the frames 7.
In the subsequent step of the method, shown in
During this subsequent step of the method the height of the frames 7 remains unchanged with respect to the configuration shown in
In a subsequent step of the method, shown in
The apparatus 1 then takes once again an (eleventh) configuration, subsequent to the preceding one, wherein the support frames 7 of the apparatus 1 are angularly moved along the directions indicated by the arrows R1 and R2, and lowered to completely disengage the platform P and the slab L2, which remain supported on the work plane PL by the uprights 21. Now the slab L2 can be machined by the machine directly on the work plane PL in a manner analogous to that of the slab L.
Once machined, the slab L2 is unloaded as described in relation to the slab L, and a new slab L3 (not shown) is loaded on the apparatus 1. It is thus evident that the method and apparatus according to the invention allow to position the slab materials L on the work plane PL of the machine so as to minimise the waiting times of the machine itself, with outstanding advantages in terms of productivity.
In an alternative embodiment of the method of the invention, not shown in the figures, the machined slab L, L2, L3, etc. arranged on the waiting plane is picked up with known means, for example a bridge crane, so that such a waiting plane becomes the unloading plane of the slab, whereas the underlying plane arranged between the waiting plane and the work plane PL acts as a loading plane of a new slab to be machined.
In this way, it is advantageously possible to further reduce the loading, unloading and moving times, requiring however the use of additional apparatuses to pick up the slab from the waiting/unloading plane.
In a further preferred embodiment, not shown, the frames 7 are not hinged to the support structure 2 and are horizontally displaceable to move away from the uprights 21 by means of a further embodiment of the second driving device.
In
The man skilled in the art will understand that the axial and radial extension of the rollers 3-6 can be varied based on the requirements, for example based on the weight and dimensions of the slab-carrying platforms P.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| MI2010A001707 | Sep 2010 | IT | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind | 371c Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/IB2011/002169 | 9/19/2011 | WO | 00 | 6/5/2013 |
