Patent Grant
11185019
The present invention refers to a support device, or hook, for removably securing movable wires on a row of plants, such as for example in a vineyard or an orchard, on a support pole.
In agriculture, and particularly in the grape-growing field, a well-known practice is to prearrange plant support structures consisting of rows of poles driven into the ground to form rows of plants. The poles are spaced apart from each other and are interconnected in their parts above ground by a horizontal wire, called “carrying wire”, that is secured on said poles at a adapted height above the ground.
On two poles located at the ends of each row, called “head poles”, are also secured at least one pair of wires parallel to each other and arranged tangentially to the respective sides of each pole in the row, commonly called “containment wires” or “movable wires” because, during the different phases of cultivation of the plants, they are moved to different heights above the ground to contain and arrange the growing vegetation according to a desired configuration.
On the intermediate poles in the row, included between the head poles, are suitably provided supports, or hooks, for temporarily securing the movable wires at one or more levels above the ground.
In the winter season, when the vine shoots are very short or are completely absent, the pairs of movable wires are arranged in a position closer to the ground. In the spring and summer seasons, when the plants are in full growth, each pair of movable wires is progressively moved to a position farther from the ground in the direction orthogonal to the ground, to restrain the vegetation between the wires of each pair, thus making it grow according to a desired configuration and guaranteeing the growing canopy and the fruit the best possible exposure to the sun and the air, while facilitating the processes involved.
The displacement of the containment wires, or the unfastening of the movable wires previously secured at a first height above the ground and their subsequent refastening at a different height, can be carried out either manually or mechanically, using adapted equipment that are particularly advantageous in the case of extensive vineyards, in which the plants in the rows can be counted in thousands.
Historically, the support poles used in the vineyards were wooden stakes; consequently, it was rather easy to attach on them, at the desired heights, the support devices for temporarily securing the movable wires. For requirements of strength and uniformity, the wooden poles have been progressively replaced with metal poles, in particular made of zinc-plated steel, of various shapes and cross sections, such as for example round, square, polygonal, or also with a T-shaped or open cross section.
Similarly, the wires strung between the poles, that once were also zinc-plated steel, have gradually given way to stainless steel wires studied specifically for application in the viticultural field.
In the case in which the poles of the rows have an open cross section, the French Patent FR2838603 illustrates a temporary movable wire support device made of spring steel wire suitably bent to define an elastic engagement portion such as to be elastically inserted into the cavity defined by the pole, and a coupling portion, adapted to project from the external surface of the pole to form essentially a support hook in which the containment wire can be inserted.
Although such support elements perform satisfactorily when used to build enclosures, in which they are only required to support the weight of the wires, they are not reliable if used as supports for the containment wires of a vineyard, since the weight of the fruit and the foliage, especially in the stage of maximum growth, can be quite considerable and lead to the likelihood that the support device slides inside the pole and to the consequent functional loss of the entire cultivation system.
Moreover, not all open cross section poles allow the use of spring wire within their cavity since they do not have adequate undercuts in which the engagement portions of the support elements can be elastically lodged.
Alternatively, metal poles have been proposed in which the support hooks for the movable wires are obtained directly on the shaft of the same; in particular, on the edges of the pole, and at desired heights, are obtained pairs of “notches”, defined by through openings, distributed along the height of the pole and suitably shaped to substantially form support grooves in which respective portions of movable wires can be held temporarily.
To prevent the possibility that accidental oscillatory movements of the movable wires cause their exit from the groove, the openings can have an oblique lead-in entrance, or the support grooves can define adapted undercuts; thus the movement for inserting and extracting the portions of movable wires involved must be carried out with operations that are rather complicated to perform in a synchronized manner, especially if the displacement of the containment wires is carried out with the use of mechanical equipment.
Moreover, since such openings are generally made by laser cutting or shearing, the edges of the same can be quite sharp, even managing to break the steel wires during their handling.
To overcome such drawbacks, the French Patent Application FR3012198 describes a support device adapted to cooperate with the openings made on the shaft of said pole for temporarily securing a containment wire. Such support device is obtained essentially from an elastically deformable wire, curved in space to define two S-shaped portions substantially symmetrical with respect to a vertical plane of symmetry, connected by a linking portion lying on a plane substantially perpendicular to the plane of symmetry. In this manner, the support device obtained in this way has elasticity both along the directions perpendicular to said vertical plane of symmetry, and also along directions parallel to the same plane.
The portions proximate to the free ends of the wire forming the support device are adapted to be elastically inserted into an opening provided on the shaft of the pole, while the portions proximate to the connecting portions of the same are arranged projecting from the external surface of the pole so as to form a sort of hook in which is slidably inserted the containment wire and elastically held temporarily therein thanks to the shape of the support device.
One drawback found in the use of such support elements stems from the fact that the elastic portion that is inserted into the pole through the openings provided on the shaft holds the whole support device, bearing exclusively on the edges that define the same opening; this could fail to offer a sufficient degree of safety against the accidental rotation of the support device, caused for example by impacts with the arms of the devices that move the movable wires or by the action of the wind on the vegetation, which would easily cause the exit of the device from the respective opening.
Moreover, in winter, when the containment wires are positioned at a height closer to the ground, it would be advisable to orientate the portion forming the hook in such a manner as to have the concave part turned downward, so as to avoid the possibility of the wires accidentally changing their position along the shaft of the pole and hindering the growth of the vegetation. Clearly, with the hooks shown in the above-mentioned patent this would not be possible.
In the scope of the above objective, one purpose of the present invention is to overcome the drawbacks of the prior art by proposing a support device for temporarily securing movable wires on intermediate poles on rows of plants, said wires and said pole being reciprocally and substantially oriented perpendicularly to each other, said device being simple to achieve and to install but at the same time offering an optimal support of the wires on a pole, compared to known devices, preventing the device from coming out or the wire from sliding in the direction of prevalent extension of the pole, remaining firmly secured in the desired position.
A further objective of the present invention is to achieve a device for the temporary support of elongate elements that can be easily removed and repeatedly used without losing its effectiveness.
A still further objective of the present invention is to provide a support device for temporarily securing movable wires that guarantees maximum usage flexibility, that can be associated to poles having an open cross section of various geometries and being provided with openings of different shapes, also allowing it to be positioned in the most appropriate manner based on requirements.
One not minor objective of the present invention is to provide a support device that achieves the above objective and purposes at competitive production costs, such that its use is also advantageous from the economic point of view, and that can be produced with the usual known plants, machinery and equipment.
The above objective and purposes, along with others that will become more evident below, are achieved by a device for supporting movable wires as defined in claim 1.
Advantages and characteristics of the invention will be evident from the description which follows, by way of non-restrictive example, with reference to the enclosed figures, wherein:
With reference to the enclosed
In the description which follows, terms such as “above”, “below”, “upper”, “lower”, “high”, “low” and similar ones refer to a support device in its normal working arrangement, that is, in actual use, as shown in the enclosed figures.
Said support device is formed essentially by a filiform body 1 consisting of an essentially rigid and elastically deformable wire, preferably of metal material, as for example stainless steel, spring steel or zinc-plated steel.
Said filiform body 1 is appropriately shaped or bent so as to be able to perform a plurality of different functions, necessary to secure temporarily, and thus removably but reliably, a movable wire F of a row of plants on a support pole 10.
In particular, said support device is configured so as to have at least engagement means or elements 2, adapted to elastically cooperate with an opening provided on said support pole 10 to removably secure said support device on said support pole 10, and support means or elements 3, adapted to elastically cooperate with the external surface of said support pole 10 to removably receive said wire F.
Preferably, said engagement elements 2 include snap-in portions of said filiform body 1, adapted to engage an opening 11 formed on said pole 10.
Said engagement means or elements 2 and said support means or elements 3 are conceivably formed by portions of said filiform body 1 lying substantially on the same plane.
Advantageously, said engagement means or elements 2 and said support means or elements 3 are formed by portions, preferably contiguous, of said filiform body 1 lying on planes P1, P2 essentially orthogonal to each other. In other words, said filiform body 1 extends essentially on two different planes, having at least one portion lying on a first plane P1, and at least one portion lying on a second plane P2, arranged substantially perpendicular to said first plane P1, said portions being appropriately connected to each other.
According to an advantageous characteristic of the present invention, said support device 1 is provided with two opposite ends 1A, 1B, between which it extends vertically, when in actual use. In other words, the two opposite ends 1A, 16 of said filiform body 1 define substantially the longitudinal extension of said support device 1, being arranged at the extremities of the extension of the same in substantially opposite directions.
The ends 1A, 1B thus define a hypothetical axis of extension X-X shown in
In particular, as can best be seen in
Thanks to this configuration, said engagement portion 2 can be easily inserted into the hole or opening of said pole 10 starting with the vertex V. Said pair of first sections 2A, arranged inclined from the first vertex V, form substantially as many inclined surfaces adapted to slidingly cooperate with the edges defining said opening, deforming elastically so as to reduce, during their insertion, the width of the internal angle α, to then snap back to the initial rest position when the edges of the opening reach said pair of second sections 2B, holding firmly the support device in the desired position on the pole 10.
Since advantageously said pair of first sections 2A has a greater extension than said pair of second sections 2B, the force required to insert them into the corresponding opening of the pole 10 as explained above is essentially less than the force necessary to extract said engagement portion 2 from said opening, with a movement in the opposite direction.
Said engagement portion 2 is preferably directly connected to a portion 3 of said filiform body 1 configured so as to define said support means 3, in particular forming a bottom section 3A that extends from the free end of one of said pair of sections 2B at right angles with respect to the lying plane P1 of said engagement portion 2.
As can be better deduced from
In particular, the end M of said inclined section 3B nearest to the upper end 1A of the filiform body 1 is adapted to be arranged, in actual use, elastically in contact with the external surface of said pole 10, in such a manner that said support portion 3, together with the external surface of the pole 10, forms a holding seat for said wire F, essentially closed but selectively openable thanks to the elasticity of said inclined section 3B.
If necessary, the end M of said inclined section 3B not connected to said bottom section 3A can be provided with lead-in means 4, defined essentially by a portion of said filiform body 1 lying on said second plane P2 and extending in an inclined direction with respect to said inclined section 3B. The free end of said lead-in portion 4 can thus coincide with the upper end 1A of said filiform body 1.
Said lead-in portion 4 is adapted to be arranged, in actual use, oriented toward the outside from the surface of said pole 10, and has essentially the function of favouring the slidable insertion of said wire F inside the holding seat defined by said support portion 3.
According to an advantageous characteristic of the present invention, said support device also includes retaining means 5 adapted, in actual use, to cooperate with the external surface of said pole 10 to firmly hold said support device 1 in position and to prevent its rotation.
Preferably, said retaining means 5 are also formed by a portion of said filiform body 1 lying along said second plane P2 and connected to said engagement portion 2 in such a manner that the engagement portion is included between said retaining portion 5 and said support portion 3.
In particular, as can best be seen in
Clearly, since said filiform body 1 is made up of an elastically deformable material, the portions that have been defined as essentially lying on the P1 and P2 planes refer to the support device when in actual use; in fact, when the support device is not mounted on a pole 10, the different portions can be arranged on planes slightly inclined with respect to those defined above, in such a manner as to guarantee a greater elastic hold when in actual use.
With reference to
In particular, the support pole 10 shown in the figures is preferably metallic and of a type with an open cross section. On opposite sides of the same pole are preferably provided at least one pair of openings 11, such as in particular a pair of slots, in correspondence of which is mounted said support device to advantageously secure removably said wire F at right angles to the extension of said pole 10 in a region of mutual intersection.
Since, generally on intermediate support poles 10 in a row of plants are secured at least one pair of containment wires, parallel to each other and arranged tangentially on opposite sides of each pole 10, the pole will be provided with corresponding pairs of slots 11, arranged on opposite sides of the shaft and at the points of intersection with said containment wires F at a desired height, each being adapted to receive a corresponding support device according to the present invention.
Consequently, for each pole 10 are preferably necessary pairs of support devices according to the present invention, advantageously symmetrical to each other as shown in
Alternatively, as shown in
In other words, the two symmetrical support devices are connected as one piece at their second end 1B through a bridging connecting portion 7, preferably encircling the external and rear surface of the pole 10; essentially, a first engagement means 2 and a first support means 3 are connected through a connecting portion to a second engagement means 2 and to a third support means 3 so as to be symmetrical to each other.
According to a variant embodiment of the support device, shown in
Said portion 2C comprises however at least one snap-action lead-in section adapted to engage an opening on the support pole 10.
In this case, if necessary, said retaining means 5, if provided, can lie on said first plane P1 and can be made up of a single section of the filiform body 1.
If necessary, as shown in
The installation and operation of a support device according to the present invention is explained below with reference to
In particular, the installation of the support device on a pole 10 is achieved by elastically engaging said engagement means 2 through a respective slotted opening 11, starting from said vertex V; said pair of first sections 2A arranged inclined from the first vertex V form substantially as many inclined surfaces adapted to slidingly cooperate with the edges defining said opening 11, becoming elastically deformed in such a manner as to reduce, when being inserted, the width of the internal angle α at the vertex V, and to then snap back to the initial rest position when the edges of the opening 11 reach said pair of second sections 2B.
Once said engagement means 2 are inserted into the respective slotted opening 11 as explained above, thanks to the configuration of the filiform body said support means 3 will also be arranged in the desired position, as well as said lead-in means 4 and said retaining means 5, if present.
In particular, said support means 3 are arranged so that said bottom section 3A of the portion 3 that defines them projects from the surface of the edge of the pole 10 in an orthogonal direction, radially with respect to the same, while said inclined section 3B returns, with its free end M, toward the surface of said pole 10, until it comes into contact with it.
Said retaining means 5, instead, impinge against the external surface of the pole 10, in such a manner that said support device is maintained firmly in the desired position, thus preventing any accidental rotations of the same.
Said containment wire F is thus movable between an extracted position, in which it is not supported by said support device, as shown in
The passage between said extracted position and said inserted position can be effected manually of mechanically by moving the containment wire F along the external surface of the pole 10; as shown in
If so provided, the presence of said lead-in means 4, connected to the end M of said inclined section 3B and projecting from the surface of the pole 10, makes it possible to more easily intercept the containment wires F accidentally spaced away from the pole 10.
In conclusion, from the above it is evident how the present invention achieves the initially foreseen purposes and advantages. In fact, a support device that is simple to make and install has been devised for the temporary securing of movable wires of rows of plants on intermediate poles.
Further, advantageously, a support device according to the present invention provides an improved support compared to the known devices, preventing the exit of the latter and the sliding of the wire in the direction of prevalent extension of the pole, remaining firmly secured in the desired position.
Advantageously, a temporary support device according to the present invention is easily removable from the support pole on which it is attached, allowing it therefore to be used repeatedly without losing its effectiveness.
Finally, it can be seen how a support device according to the present invention guarantees the maximum flexibility of application, as it can be associated to poles of open cross section of various geometries, also provided with openings of different shapes, and can be oriented on the basis of requirements.
Naturally, the present invention is susceptible of numerous applications, modifications or variants without thereby departing from the scope of patent protection, as defined by the appended claims. Moreover, the materials and the equipment used to implement the present invention, as well as the shapes and dimensions of the individual components, can be the most adapted to satisfy the specific requirements.
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/IT2016/000046 | 2/24/2016 | WO | 00 |
| Publishing Document | Publishing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| WO2017/145184 | 8/31/2017 | WO | A |
| Number | Name | Date | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 997022 | Tennant et al. | Jul 1911 | A |
| 3800365 | Bruggert | Apr 1974 | A |
| 4099299 | Bruggert | Jul 1978 | A |
| 4201013 | Robbins | May 1980 | A |
| 5501035 | Downer | Mar 1996 | A |
| 5916028 | Downer | Jun 1999 | A |
| 6293521 | Parrish | Sep 2001 | B1 |
| 6973751 | Pierce, Jr. | Dec 2005 | B2 |
| 8935878 | Brusco | Jan 2015 | B2 |
| 20100107490 | Martin Alvarez | May 2010 | A1 |
| Number | Date | Country |
|---|---|---|
| 0072420 | Feb 1983 | EP |
| 2650726 | Feb 1991 | FR |
| 2838603 | Oct 2003 | FR |
| 3012198 | Apr 2015 | FR |
| Entry |
|---|
| Apr. 11, 2016 International Search Report issued in Patent Application No. PCT/IT2016/000046. |
| Apr. 11, 2016 Written Opinion of the International Searching Authority issued in Patent Application No. PCT/IT2016/000046. |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20190075737 A1 | Mar 2019 | US |
