Patent Application
20170014075
The present invention relates to a tool that supports an acquisition of biological information of a living body to which a sensor is mounted. The present invention also relates to a system that uses the tool to acquire biological information of a subject.
Measurement of a capillary refill time is an example of acquisition of such biological information. The capillary refill time is used as a simple index for evaluating presence/absence of a shock. The capillary refill time is a measure generally used in an emergency medical care field for judgment of necessity of transfusion, triage (priority evaluation in a mass casualty situation), etc. Specifically, a medical personnel compresses a living tissue such as a fingernail of a subject, and visually checks a change in the nail or skin color after releasing the compression. If the color returns to its original color within nearly two seconds, it is judged that the living tissue is in a normal state. Since this technique is performed by compressing a living tissue by a hand and visually checking a change in skin color, it lacks quantitativity and a measurer-dependent error may easily occur.
To solve the problem, use of a pulse oximeter for measurement of the capillary refill time has been proposed. During measurement, a support tool having an optical sensor and an actuator (a solenoid etc.) is mounted on a fingertip of a subject (see, e.g., Patent Document 1). Light having a wavelength which is absorbed by blood is made incident on a living tissue such as a fingertip and an intensity of the light transmitted through the living tissue is measured by the optical sensor. When the living tissue is compressed by the actuator, blood is removed from the living tissue at the compressed location. Hence, the intensity of the transmitted light increases. When the compression is released, the living tissue at that location is refilled with blood. Hence, the intensity of the transmitted light decreases. A capillary refill time is specified based on a time from the release of compression until the intensity of the transmitted light returns to its original level.
To perform reproducible and quantitative measurement, it is necessary to fix the compression state of the living tissue. However, with the configuration in which the living tissues is compressed directly and locally by the actuator as described in Patent Document 1, it is difficult to mount the support tool on the subject's finger such that the actuator abut against the living tissue always at the same location. When the abutment position varies, the compression state changes. Therefore, reproducibility of a measurement result is lowered.
Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to make a specific compression state easily reproducible when acquiring biological information with a compression of a living tissue.
To achieve the object described above, a first aspect of the present invention provides a support tool to be mounted on a finger of a subject on which a sensor is mounted so as to support an acquisition of biological information of the subject, The support tool includes a first support to be disposed, when mounted, on a first side of the finger of the subject, the first support having an inner peripheral face, a second support to be disposed, when mounted, on a second side of the finger of the subject opposite to the first side, and a relative position of the second support with respect to the first support being fixed, a bag made of a material softer than the first support and the second support, the bag being at least partially disposed along the inner peripheral face and a channel formation part forming a fluid channel communicating with an inside of the bag. The support tool is configured such that, when mounted, the sensor is disposed at at least one of between the finger of the subject and the bag and between the finger of the subject and the second support.
According to this configuration, the bag made of the softer material can be inflated to compress the subject's finger, so that uniform compression force can be applied non-locally. Accordingly, even if the relative position of the support tool with respect to the subject's finger changes whenever the support tool is mounted, the influence of the change of the relative position on the compression state can be suppressed.
In addition, the sensor is mounted on the subject's finger outside the bag. Therefore, the relative position of the sensor with respect to the subject's finger does not change in accordance with inflation and deflation of the bag. Accordingly, even if the relative position of the support tool with respect to the subject's finger changes whenever the support tool is mounted, the influence of the change of the relative position on a detection result obtained by the sensor can be suppressed.
In addition, a pressurized state can be set or released by only sending air into the bag or releasing air from the bag. Therefore, it is not necessary to build an actuator driving mechanism in the support tool. Accordingly, the size and weight of the support tool can be reduced, and a burden imposed on the subject on whom the support tool is mounted can be suppressed. Further, it is possible to provide such a support tool at low cost.
The biological information may include at least one of a capillary refill time and a blood substance concentration.
As described above, according to the aforementioned configuration, a specific compression state can be reproduced easily when acquiring the biological information with a compression of a living tissue. Thus, the biological information of the subject can be acquired quantitatively and reproducibly.
The inner peripheral face may be configured to extend in an arc shape.
According to this configuration, a pressurized state can be formed by a smaller volume change of the bag, in comparison with a configuration in which a bag is mounted on a flat inner peripheral face. In other words, the pressurized state can be formed by use of the bag having a smaller volume. That is, the pressurized state can be formed rapidly even by use of a smaller-sized air-sending mechanism. A similar effect can be obtained also when the bag is deflated to release the pressurized state. Accordingly, the size of the apparatus can be reduced or the cost can be suppressed while a specific compression state of the subject's finger can be reproduced easily.
A pressing member that resembles a finger of a living body may be provided on an outer face of the bag.
According to this configuration, a more natural compression state similar to compression which has been heretofore performed by a hand of a medical personnel can be formed. Accordingly, the biological information can be acquired more naturally while a specific compression state of the subject's finger can be reproduced easily.
A fixation assistance part may be provided on at least one of the first support and the second support to assist a fixation to the finger of the subject.
According to this configuration, a user can mount the support tool on the subject's finger with the fixation assistance part as a guide. When the fixation assistance part is fixed to the finger by a tape etc. if necessary, dislocation of the support tool with respect to the finger during measurement can be prevented. Accordingly, a specific compression state of the finger can be reproduced more easily. Thus, the biological information of the subject can be acquired more reproducibly.
The fixation assistance part may have an elastic member that surrounds a part of the finger of the subject.
According to this configuration, the support tool can be fixed to the subject's finger without requiring an auxiliary fixation piece such as a tape. Thus, dislocation of the support tool with respect to the finger during measurement can be prevented so that a specific compression state of the finger can be reproduced more easily. Accordingly, the biological information of the subject can be acquired more reproducibly.
The channel formation part may be provided on an outer peripheral face of the first support and may have a connection portion to be connected to a tube communicating with the fluid channel.
According to this configuration, the support tool can be attached to the tube removably. Thus, it is not necessary to mold the tube integrally with the bag so that the manufacturing cost of the support tool can be suppressed. Accordingly, it is possible to meet a request to make only the support tool disposable while reproducing a specific compression state of the subject's finger easily.
At least one of the channel formation part and the connection portion may be movable relative to the first support.
According to this configuration, even when the tube connected to the connection portion is displaced due to body motion of the subject, the channel formation part is displaced following the body motion. Therefore, dislocation of the support tool caused by the body motion can be suppressed. Accordingly, a specific compression state of the subject's finger can be reproduced more easily. Thus, the biological information of the subject can be acquired more reproducibly.
A through hole allowing an access to the finger of the subject may formed through the first support or the second support.
According to this configuration, even in an emergency in which the mechanism for sending air into the bag cannot function for some reason, the subject's finger can be compressed directly or indirectly by a user's hand so that the biological information can be acquired.
To achieve the aforementioned object, a second aspect of the present invention provides a support tool to be mounted on a finger of a subject to support an acquisition of biological information of the subject. The support tool includes a first support to be disposed, when mounted, on a first side of the finger of the subject, the first support having an inner peripheral face, a second support to be disposed, when mounted, on a second side of the finger of the subject opposite to the first side, a relative position of the second support with respect to the first support being fixed, a bag made of a material softer than the first support and the second support, the bag being at least partially disposed along the inner peripheral face, a channel formation part forming a fluid channel communicating with an inside of the bag, and a sensor that outputs a signal corresponding to the biological information of the subject, the sensor being disposed, when mounted, at at least one of between the finger of the subject and the bag and between the finger of the subject and the second support.
According to this configuration, the biological information can be acquired by only an operation of mounting the support tool on the subject's finger, in addition to the effects which have been described about the first mode. Accordingly, the biological information of the subject can be acquired simply and reproducibly while a specific compression state of the subject's finger can be reproduced easily.
The biological information may include at least one of a capillary refill time and a blood substance concentration.
The support tool may include a tube connected to the channel formation part and having higher softness than the first support and the second support. The tube includes a ventilation channel communicating with the channel formation part to form a part of the fluid channel, and a signal line housing part that houses a signal line electrically connected to the sensor.
Alternatively, the support tool may include a tube connected to the channel formation part and having higher softness than the first support and the second support. The tube includes a ventilation channel which communicating with the channel formation part to form a part of the fluid channel, and a signal line retention part that retains, in a removable manner, a signal line electrically connected to the sensor.
According to these configurations, an electric system cable and a ventilation system hose can be combined into a single line. Thus, dislocation of the support tool due to body motion etc. of the subject can be suppressed, in comparison with a case where two lines may be displaced individually due to the body motion etc. Accordingly, a specific compression state of the subject's finger can be reproduced more easily. Thus, the biological information of the subject can be acquired more reproducibly.
To achieve the aforementioned object, a third aspect of the present invention provides a biological information acquisition system including a support tool to be mounted on a finger of a subject, a sensor to be mounted on the finger of the subject to output a signal corresponding to biological information of the subject, an information acquisition part which acquires the biological information based on the signal output from the sensor, and an information output part which outputs the information acquired by the information acquisition part. The support tool includes a first support to be disposed, when mounted, on a first side of the finger of the subject, the first support having an inner peripheral face,
a second support to be disposed, when mounted, on a second side of the finger of the subject opposite to the first side, a relative position of the second support with respect to the first support being fixed, a bag made of a material softer than the first support and the second support, the bag being at least partially disposed along the inner peripheral face, and a channel formation part forming a fluid channel communicating with an inside of the bag. The sensor is disposed, when the support tool is mounted, at at least one of between the finger of the subject and the bag and between the finger of the subject and the second support. The biological information acquisition system further includes a pressure adjustment part which adjusts, through the channel formation part, a volume of a fluid inside the bag to adjust a pressure applied to the finger of the subject.
According to this configuration, the effects which have been described about the first mode and the second mode can be obtained.
The pressure adjustment part may include a motor pump.
According to this configuration, the bag can be inflated to compress the subject's finger automatically, so that a specific compression state can be reproduced easily. Thus, the biological information of the subject can be acquired quantitatively and reproducibly.
The support tool may include a switch which is actuated when mounted on the finger of the subject. In this case, the biological information acquisition system includes a control part which drives the motor pump in accordance with the actuation of the switch.
According to this configuration, a pressurization operation can be started by the motor pump automatically when the support tool is mounted on the subject's finger. In addition, in the case where the support tool is not mounted on the subject's finger in a proper position, the pressurization operation can be prevented from being started by the motor pump. Or in the case where the support tool mounted on the subject's finger is dislocated from the proper position during measurement, the pressurization operation performed by the motor pump can be suspended. Accordingly, a specific compression state of the subject's finger can be reproduced more easily. Thus, the biological information of the subject can be acquired more accurately and reproducibly.
The biological information acquisition system may include a power supply monitoring part which monitors a power feeding performance from a power supply to the motor pump. In this case, the power supply monitoring part controls the pressure adjustment part to stop driving the motor pump when the power feeding performance is lower than a predetermined value.
When the motor pump is driven under a circumstance that electric power is fed insufficiently, a desired compression state of the subject's finger may not be able to be obtained. According to the aforementioned configuration, a situation that measurement is made in this state to acquire inaccurate biological information of the subject can be avoided. Accordingly, the biological information of the subject can be acquired more accurately and reproducibly while a specific compression state of the subject's finger can be reproduced easily.
The pressure adjustment part may include a mechanism to manually adjust the volume of the fluid.
In the case of a configuration in which the manual adjustment mechanism is provided in place of the motor pump, the configuration of the pressure adjustment part can be simplified and the size and weight of the apparatus can be reduced. In the case of a configuration in which the manual adjustment mechanism is provided in addition to the motor pump, the biological information can be acquired manually even when the power feeding performance of the power supply to the motor pump becomes insufficient. When the power supply is a battery, the biological information can be acquired manually if necessary. As a result, electric power can be saved. Accordingly, the biological information of the subject can be measured in accordance with the circumstance while a specific compression state of the subject's finger can be reproduced easily.
The biological information acquisition system may include a pressure sensor which detects a pressure applied to the finger of the subject, and an audio output part which outputs a sound corresponding to the pressure.
According to this configuration, a user can easily grasp whether the subject's finger is in a compression state or not. Particularly in the case where pressurization of the bag is performed manually, the user can use sound output by the audio output part, as a guide for forming a desired compression state. Accordingly, the biological information of the subject can be acquired accurately and reproducibly while a specific compression state of the subject's finger can be reproduced more easily.
The sensor may include a light emitter which emits first light having a first wavelength, and second light having a second wavelength, and a light receiver which outputs a first signal and a second signal respectively in accordance with an intensity of the first light and an intensity of the second light which have been transmitted through or reflected on the finger of the subject. The information acquisition part may include
a first light attenuation acquisition portion which acquires a light attenuation of the first light based on the first signal, and acquires a light attenuation of the second light based on the second signal, a second light attenuation acquisition portion which acquires a blood-based light attenuation based on the light attenuation of the first light and the light attenuation of the second light, and a capillary refill time specifying portion which specifies a capillary refill time in a tissue of the finger based on a temporal change of the blood-based light attenuation due to a compression of the finger of the subject by the bag.
According to this configuration, the bag can be inflated to reproduce a specific compression state of the subject's finger easily. Accordingly, the capillary refill time of the subject can be measured quantitatively and reproducibly.
The light emitter may emit third light having a third wavelength. The light receiver may output a third signal in accordance with an intensity of the third light which has been transmitted through or reflected on the finger of the subject. The first wavelength and the second wavelength are wavelengths which are absorbed by hemoglobin. The third wavelength is a wavelength at which an absorption by water is larger than an absorption by hemoglobin. The information acquisition part may acquire information on a non-blood tissue of the subject based on at least a temporal change of the third signal generated due to the compression of the finger of the subject by the bag.
According to this configuration, the bag can be inflated to reproduce a specific compression state of the subject's finger easily. Accordingly, edema can be diagnosed reproducibly.
The sensor may include a light emitter which emits lights having N kinds of wavelengths that are different from one another, N being an integer equal to or greater than 3, and a light receiver which outputs N kinds of signals in accordance with intensities of the N kinds of light which have been transmitted through or reflected on the finger of the subject. The information acquisition part may include a first light attenuation acquisition portion which acquires N kinds of light attenuations based on the N kinds of signals, a second light attenuation acquisition portion which acquires at most N−1 kinds of blood-based light attenuations based on at most N−1 kinds of combinations of two light attenuations selected from the N kinds of light attenuations, and a blood substance concentration specifying portion which specifies at most N−1 kinds of blood substance concentrations based on the at most N−1 kinds of blood-based light attenuations.
According to this configuration, the bag can be inflated to reproduce a specific compression state of the subject's finger easily. Accordingly, the blood substance concentrations of the subject can be measured quantitatively and reproducibly.
The blood substance concentrations may be output by the information output part in a state in which the finger of the subject is not compressed by the bag. In this case, while the finger of the subject is being compressed by the bag, the information output part either suspends outputting the blood substance concentrations or keeps pre-pressurization output values of the blood substance concentrations.
According to this configuration, effective measurement values can be always presented to the user with a feeling of security while the blood substance concentrations of the subject can be measured quantitatively and reproducibly.
The biological information acquisition system may include a control part which operates the pressure adjustment part at a predetermined interval.
According to this configuration, the bag can be inflated to compress the subject's finger automatically whenever a predetermined time elapses. On this occasion, a specific compression state can be reproduced easily. Therefore, for example, patient's therapy effect or deteriorating tendency of patient's condition during an operation or in an intensive care unit (ICU) can be checked automatically and accurately.
The biological information acquisition system may include a switch which starts an operation of the pressure adjustment part, and a prohibition control part which invalidates an operation of the switch until a predetermined time elapses after the compression of the finger of the subject by the bag is released.
A certain amount of time is required until blood returns to living tissues of the finger to restore the subject's finger to its original state after the compression of the subject's finger performed by the bag is released. When the switch is operated prior to the restoration, the biological information of the subject obtained through the compression performed in accordance with the operation may lack accuracy. According to the aforementioned configuration, next measurement can be prevented from being carried out before the subject's finger which has been released from compression is restored to its original state. Accordingly, the biological information of the subject can be acquired more accurately and reproducibly while a specific compression state of the subject's finger can be reproduced easily.
The predetermined time may be variable based on an operating state of the pressure adjustment part.
When the compression is performed by the bag repeatedly, a burden imposed on the living tissues of the subject's finger becomes large in spite of non-local pressure. According to the aforementioned configuration, the burden imposed on the subject can be suppressed while a specific compression state of the subject's finger can be reproduced easily.
The biological information acquisition system may include a pressure sensor which detects an internal pressure of the bag. In this case, the pressure adjustment part adjusts the volume of the fluid inside the bag based on a detection result of the pressure sensor so that the internal pressure becomes a target value.
Even when the pressure adjustment part performs a fixed operation, pressure applied to the subject's finger may vary according to the shape of the subject's finger or the mounting positions of the sensor and the support tool. According to the aforementioned configuration, it is possible to grasp to what extent pressure has been actually applied to the subject's finger. Therefore, a specific compression state can be reproduced easily regardless of the shape of the subject's finger or the mounting positions of the sensor and the support tool. Thus, the biological information of the subject can be acquired more accurately and reproducibly.
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings used in the following description, scales are adjusted as appropriate for the purpose of illustrating each member in a recognizable size.
The sensor 2 is configured to be mounted on a finger 5 of a subject and output a signal corresponding to biological information of the subject.
The support tool 3 is a tool which is mounted on the finger 5 of the subject on which the sensor 2 is mounted so as to support acquisition of the biological information.
The biological information acquisition apparatus 4 includes an information acquisition part 41. The information acquisition part 41 is configured to acquire the biological information of the subject based on the signal output from the sensor 2.
The biological information acquisition apparatus 4 includes an information output part 42. The information output part 42 is configured to output the information acquired by the information acquisition part 41.
The support tool 3 includes a first support 31. The first support 31 is disposed on a nail side 5a (an example of a first side) of the finger 5 when the support tool 3 is mounted on the subject's finger 5.
The support tool 3 includes a second support 32. The second support 32 is disposed on a ventral side 5b (an example of a second side) of the finger 5 when the support tool 3 is mounted on the subject's finger 5. That is, the second support 32 is disposed on the opposite side to the first support 31 with the interposition of the finger 5 therebetween.
For example, the first support 31 and the second support 32 are molded out of a hard resin. Thus, the relative position of the first support 31 with respect to the second support 32 is set not to change.
The support tool 3 includes a bag 33. The bag 33 is made of a material softer than the first support 31 and the second support 32. For example, the material may be a soft resin, rubber, or the like. The bag 33 is disposed along an inner peripheral face 31a of the first support 31.
In a state in which the support tool 3 is mounted on the subject's finger 5, the sensor 2 is disposed between the subject's finger 5 and the second support 32 and between the subject's finger 5 and the bag 33.
The support tool 3 includes a ventilation tube 34 (an example of a channel formation part). The ventilation tube 34 forms a ventilation channel (an example of a fluid channel) communicating with the inside of the bag 33.
The biological information acquisition apparatus 4 includes a pressure adjustment part 43. The pressure adjustment part 43 is configured to adjust the volume of air inside the bag 33 through the ventilation tube 34 to thereby adjust pressure applied to the subject's finger 5.
Specifically, the pressure adjustment part 43 sends air into the bag 33 through the ventilation tube 34 to thereby increase the volume of air inside the bag 33. Thus, as shown in
On the contrary, the pressure adjustment part 43 releases the air inside the bag 33 through the ventilation tube 34 to thereby reduce the volume of the air inside the bag 33. Thus, the bag 33 deflates to its original state shown in
The signal output from the sensor 2 changes in accordance with the compression state and the compression release state. The information acquisition part 41 of the biological information acquisition apparatus 4 acquires biological information of the subject based on the change of the output signal. The information acquired thus is provided to a user such as a medical personnel through the information output part 42.
According to the aforementioned configuration, the bag 33 made of the soft material inflates to compress the subject's finger 5. Accordingly, uniform compression force can be applied non-locally. Accordingly, even if the relative position of the support tool 3 with respect to the subject's finger 5 changes whenever the support tool 3 is mounted, the influence of the change of the relative position on the compression state can be suppressed.
In addition, the sensor 2 is mounted on the subject's finger 5 outside the bag 33. Therefore, the relative position of the sensor 2 with respect to the subject's finger 5 does not change in accordance with inflation and deflation of the bag 33. Accordingly, even if the relative position of the support tool 3 with respect to the subject's finger 5 changes whenever the support tool 3 is mounted, the influence of the change of the relative position on a detection result made by the sensor 2 can be suppressed.
In addition, a pressurized state can be set or released by only sending air into the bag 33 or releasing air from the bag 33. Therefore, it is not necessary to build an actuator driving mechanism in the support tool 3. Accordingly, the size and weight of the support tool 3 can be reduced, and a burden imposed on the subject on whom the support tool 3 is mounted can be suppressed. Further, such a support tool 3 can be provided at low cost.
As described above, according to the aforementioned configuration, a specific compression state can be reproduced easily when biological information is acquired with compression of living tissues. In this manner, the biological information of the subject can be acquired quantitatively and reproductively.
The sensor 2 includes a light emitter 21. The light emitter 21 is mounted on the nail side 5a of the subject's finger 5. The light emitter 21 is configured to emit first light having a first wavelength λ1 and second light having a second wavelength λ2. The light emitter 21 includes a light emitting device which emits red light having a wavelength of 660 nm as an example of the first wavelength λ1, and a light emitting device which emits infrared light having a wavelength of 940 nm as an example of the second wavelength λ2. Each of the light emitting devices emits light at a predetermined timing in accordance with a control signal issued from the information acquisition part 41 of the biological information acquisition apparatus 4. For example, the light emitting device may be a light emission diode (LED) or a laser diode. The first light and the second light emitted thus are incident on the subject's finger 5 separately.
The sensor 2 includes a light receiver 22. The light receiver 22 is mounted on the ventral side 5b of the subject's finger 5. The light receiver 22 is disposed in a position where both the first light and the second light transmitted through the finger 5 can be received. The light receiver 22 is configured to output a first signal S1 corresponding to an intensity I1 of the received first light and a second signal S2 corresponding to an intensity I2 of the received second light. For example, an element functioning as the light receiver 22 may be a photodiode. The signals S1 and S2 output from the light receiver 22 are input to the information acquisition part 41 of the biological information acquisition apparatus 4.
The information acquisition part 41 may include a first light attenuation acquisition portion 411. The first light attenuation acquisition portion 411 is configured to acquire a light attenuation A1 of the first light based on the first signal S1 and acquire a light attenuation A2 of the second light based on the second signal S2. The light attenuations A1 and A2 are calculated respectively as ratios of quantities of received lights of the first signal S1 and the second signal S2 at a time instant (e.g. during compression of the living tissues) to quantities of received lights of the first signal S1 and the second signal S2 at another time instant (e.g. before compression of the living tissues). The light attenuations A1 and A2 are expressed by the following expressions respectively.
A1=log(I1/Io1) (1)
A2=log(I2/Io2) (2)
in which Io1, Io2 indicates the quantity of received light at a reference time instant (e.g. before compression of the living tissues); and I1, I2, the quantity of received light at a measurement time instant. A suffix “1” indicates the first light; and a suffix “2”, the second light.
The information acquisition part 41 may include a second light attenuation acquisition portion 412. The second light attenuation acquisition portion 412 is configured to acquire a blood-based light attenuation Ab based on the light attenuations A1 and A2 of the first light and the second light acquired by the first light attenuation acquisition portion 411. Specifically, the second light attenuation acquisition portion 412 is configured to acquire the blood-based light attenuation Ab based on a difference between the light attenuation A1 and the light attenuation A2. The principle of this processing will be described below in detail.
When the bag 33 is inflated to compress the subject's finger 5, thicknesses of the living tissues change. Each of changes A of the light attenuations generated at that time is caused by a change in thickness of blood and a change in thickness of non-blood tissues.
The fact can be expressed by the following expressions.
A1=Ab1+At1=E1HbDb+Z1Dt (3)
A2=Ab2+At2=E2HbDb+Z2Dt (4)
in which E indicates an extinction coefficient (dl g−1 cm−1); Hb, a hemoglobin concentration (g dl−1) of the blood; Z, a light attenuation rate (cm−1) of the non-blood tissues; and D, a changed thickness (cm). A suffix “b” indicates the blood; a suffix “t”, the non-blood tissues; a suffix “1”, the first light; and a suffix “2”, the second light.
Since wavelength dependency of the non-blood tissues is ignorable, Z1 can be regarded as being equal to Z2. When the expression (3) is subtracted from the expression (4) here, the following expression is obtained.
A2−A1=(E2−E1)HbDb
Only information about the blood is contained on the right side. Accordingly, when the difference between the light attenuation A1 and the light attenuation A2 is taken, the blood-based light attenuation Ab can be obtained.
Even after the compression is released, the values of the light attenuations A1 and A2 do not return to levels prior to the start of the compression. Therefore, it is known that deformation of the non-blood tissues influences the values of the light attenuations A1 and A2. On the other hand, it is known that after the compression is released, the difference value (A2−A1) between the light attenuations, i.e. the blood-based light attenuation Ab converges at a level prior to the start of the compression. That is, the influence of the deformation of the non-blood tissues can be removed only by a simple arithmetic operation of taking a difference between the light attenuations obtained when the tissues are irradiated with the lights having the different wavelengths.
As shown in
The information acquisition part 41 inputs a signal ST to the information output part 42. The signal ST indicates the capillary refill time T specified by the capillary refill time specifying portion 413. The information output part 42 outputs the capillary refill time T in a suitable form corresponding to the signal ST. For example, the output form may be an indication based on at least one of a numerical value, a color and a symbol corresponding to the capillary refill time T, output of sound corresponding to the capillary refill time T, or the like.
According to the aforementioned configuration, the bag 33 can be inflated to reproduce the specific compression state of the subject's finger 5 easily. Accordingly, the capillary refill time of the subject can be measured quantitatively and reproducibly.
The light emitter 21 of the sensor 2 may be configured to emit third light having a third wavelength λ3 in addition to the first light having the first wavelength λ1 and the second light having the second wavelength λ2. The first wavelength λ1 and the second wavelength λ2 are wavelengths which are absorbed by hemoglobin, whereas the third wavelength λ3 is set as a wavelength at which absorption by water is larger than absorption by hemoglobin. For example, the third wavelength λ3 may be 1,300 nm. In this case, the light receiver 22 of the sensor 2 is configured to output a third signal S3 in accordance with an intensity of the third light transmitted through the subject's finger 5.
In the example, the information acquisition part 41 of the biological information acquisition apparatus 4 is configured to acquire information about the non-blood living tissues of the subject based on the third signal S3 output by the light receiver 22. Specifically, the first light attenuation acquisition portion 411 acquires a light attenuation A3 of the third light based on the third signal S3. The light attenuation A3 expresses information about light absorption by the blood and water of the non-blood living tissues. Therefore, when a value of the light attenuation A3 does not return to the level prior to the start of the compression even after the compression of the subject's finger 5 attained by the inflation of the bag 33 is released, presence of edema is suspected.
According to the aforementioned configuration, the bag 33 can be inflated to reproduce the specific compression state of the subject's finger 5 easily. Accordingly, diagnosis of edema can be performed reproducibly.
The information acquisition part 41 may be configured to acquire information about the non-blood living tissues of the subject also based on the first signal S1 and the second signal S2 in addition to the third signal S3. Specifically, with reference to the temporal change of the blood-based light attenuation Ab (=A2−A1) which has been acquired by the second light attenuation acquisition portion 412, it is possible to grasp to what extent the blood has returned to the living tissues after the compression preformed by the bag 33 is released. For example, assume that presence of edema has been confirmed based on the light attenuation A3. Even in this case, it is possible to estimate the edema to be mild when the return quantity of the blood is sufficient.
According to the aforementioned configuration, the bag 33 can be inflated to reproduce the specific compression state of the subject's finger 5 easily. Accordingly, the degree of edema can be performed quantitatively and reproducibly.
The light emitter 21 of the sensor 2 may be configured to emit light having N kinds of wavelengths that are different from one another, N being an integer equal to or greater than 3. For example, the light emitter 21 may be configured to emit first light having a first wavelength λ1, second light having a second wavelength λ2, third light having a third wavelength λ3, and fourth light having a fourth wavelength λ4. In this case, the light emitter 21 includes a light emitting device which emits red light having a wavelength of 660 nm as an example of the first wavelength λ1, a light emitting device which emits infrared light having a wavelength of 940 nm as an example of the second wavelength λ2, a light emitting device which emits infrared light having a wavelength of 810 nm as an example of the third wavelength λ3, and a light emitting device which emits red light having a wavelength of 620 nm or 635 nm as an example of the fourth wavelength λ4. The respective light emitting devices emit the lights at predetermined timings in accordance with a control signal issued from the information acquisition part 41 of the biological information acquisition apparatus 4. For example, each of the light emitting devices may be a light emission diode (LED) or a laser diode. The first light, the second light, the third light and the fourth light emitted thus are incident on the subject's finger 5 separately.
In the example, the light receiver 22 is configured to output N kinds of signals in accordance with intensities of the N kinds of light transmitted through the subject's finger 5. Specifically, the light receiver 22 is disposed in a position where the first light, the second light, the third light and the fourth light transmitted through the finger 5 can be received. The light receiver 22 is configured to output a first signal S1 corresponding to an intensity I1 of the received first light, a second signal S2 corresponding to an intensity I2 of the received second light, a third signal S3 corresponding to an intensity I3 of the received third light, and a fourth signal S4 corresponding to an intensity I4 of the received fourth light. For example, an element functioning as the light receiver 22 may be a photodiode. The signals S1, S2, S3 and S4 output from the light receiver 22 are input to the information acquisition part 41 of the biological information acquisition apparatus 4.
In the example, the first light attenuation acquisition portion 411 is configured to acquire N kinds of light attenuations based on the N kinds of signals output by the light receiver 22. Specifically, the first light attenuation acquisition portion 411 is configured to acquire a first light attenuation A1 of the first light based on the first signal S1, acquire a second light attenuation A2 of the second light based on the second signal S2, acquire a third light attenuation A3 of the third light based on the third signal S3, and acquire a fourth light attenuation A4 of the fourth light based on the fourth signal S4. The light attenuations A1, A2, A3 and A4 are calculated respectively as ratios of quantities of received lights of the first signal S1, the second signal S2, the third signal S3 and the fourth signal S4 at a time instant (e.g. during compression of the living tissues) to quantities of received lights of the first signal S1, the second signal S2, the third signal S3 and the fourth signal S4 at another time instant (e.g. before compression of the living tissues). The light attenuations A1, A2, A3 and A4 are expressed by the following expressions respectively.
A1=log(I1/Io1) (5)
A2=log(I2/Io2) (6)
A3=log(I3/Io3) (7)
A4=log(I4/Io4) (8)
in which Io1, Io2, Io3, Io4 indicates the quantity of received light at a reference time instant (e.g. before compression of the living tissues); and I1, I2, I3, I4, the quantity of received light at a measurement time instant. A suffix “1” indicates the first light; a suffix “2”, the second light; a suffix “3”, the third light; and a suffix “4”, the fourth light.
In this example, the second light attenuation acquisition portion 412 is configured to acquire at most N−1 kinds of blood-based light attenuations based on at most N−1 kinds of combinations of two light attenuations selected from the N kinds of light attenuations acquired by the first light attenuation acquisition portion 411. Specifically, the second light attenuation acquisition portion 412 is configured to acquire a blood-based light attenuation based on the light attenuations A1 and A2 of the first light and the second light acquired by the first light attenuation acquisition portion 411, a blood-based light attenuation based on the light attenuations A2 and A3 of the second light and the third light, and further a blood-based light attenuation based on the light attenuations A2 and A4 of the second light and the fourth light. More specifically, the second light attenuation acquisition portion 412 is configured to acquire a blood-based light attenuation Ab21 based on a different between the light attenuation A2 and the light attenuation A1, acquire a blood-based light attenuation Ab23 based on a different between the light attenuation A2 and the light attenuation A3, and acquire a blood-based light attenuation Ab24 based on a different between the light attenuation A2 and the light attenuation A4. The principle of this processing will be described below in detail.
When the bag 33 is inflated to compress the subject's finger 5, thicknesses of the living tissues change. Each of changes A of the light attenuations generated at that time is caused by a change in thickness of blood and a change in thickness of non-blood tissues. The fact can be expressed by the following expressions.
A1=Ab1+At1=E1HbDb+Z1Dt (9)
A2=Ab2+At2=E2HbDb+Z2Dt (10)
A3=Ab3+At3=E3HbDb+Z3Dt (11)
A4=Ab4+At4=E4HbDb+Z4Dt (12)
in which E expresses an extinction coefficient (dl g−1 cm−1), Hb, a hemoglobin concentration (g dl−1) of the blood; Z, a light attenuation rate (cm−1) of the non-blood tissues; and D, a thickness (cm). A suffix “b” expresses the blood; a suffix “t”, the non-blood tissues; a suffix “1”, the first light; a suffix “2”, the second light; a suffix “3”, the third light; and a suffix “4”, the fourth light.
Since wavelength dependency of the non-blood tissues is ignorable, Z1, Z2, Z3 and Z4 can be regarded as being equal to one another. When the expression (9) is subtracted from the expression (10), the expression (11) is subtracted from the expression (10), and the expression (12) is subtracted from the expression (10) here, the following expressions are obtained.
Ab21=A2−A1=(E2−E1)HbDb (13)
Ab23=A2−A3=(E2−E3)HbDb (14)
Ab24=A2−A4=(E2−E4)HbDb (15)
Only information about the blood is contained on the right side. Accordingly, when the difference between the light attenuation A2 and the light attenuation A1, the difference between the light attenuation A2 and the light attenuation A3, and the difference between the light attenuation A2 and the light attenuation A4 are taken, the blood-based light attenuations Ab21, Ab23 and Ab24 can be obtained.
Next, when the expression (13) is divided by the expression (14) and the expression (13) is divided by the expression (15), the items Hb and Db are removed, and the following expressions are obtained.
Ab21/Ab23=(A2−A1)/(A2−A3)=(E2−E1)/(E2−E3) (16)
Ab21/Ab24=(A2−A1)/(A2−A4)=(E2−E1)/(E2−E4) (17)
in which (E2−E1), (E2−E3) and (E2−E4) in the expression (16) and the expression (17) are functions of oxyhemoglobin O2Hb (%), deoxyhemoglobin RHb (%), and carboxyhemoglobin COHb (%). Extinction coefficients E1, E2, E3 and E4 are expressed by the following expressions respectively.
E1=Eo1·O2Hb+Er1·RHb+Ec1·COHb (18)
E2=Eo2·O2Hb+Er2·RHb+Ec2·COHb (19)
E3=Eo3·O2Hb+Er3·RHb+Ec3·COHb (20)
E4=Eo4*O2Hb+Er4·RHb+Ec4·COHb (21)
O2Hb+RHb+COHb=1 (22)
in which Eo indicates an extinction coefficient of oxyhemoglobin; Er, an extinction coefficient of deoxyhemoglobin; and Ec, an extinction coefficient of carboxyhemoglobin. A suffix “1” indicates the first light; a suffix “2”, the second light; a suffix “3”, the third light; and a suffix “4”, the fourth light. The reason why the differences between the light attenuations are taken is the same as previously described with reference to
From the above description, it is know that when the lights having at least four wavelengths are used to measure the blood-based light attenuations Ab21, Ab23 and Ab24, an O2Hb concentration, an RHb concentration, and a COHb concentration in the blood can be specified quantitatively through the expressions (16) to (21).
As shown in
The information acquisition part 41 inputs a signal SC to the information output part 42. The signal SC indicates each of the blood substance concentrations (the O2Hb concentration, the RHb concentration, and the COHb concentration or the MetHB concentration) specified by the blood substance concentration specifying portion 414. The information output part 42 outputs the blood substance concentration in a suitable form corresponding to the signal SC. For example, the output form may be an indication based on at least one of a numerical value, a color and a symbol corresponding to the blood substance concentration, output of sound corresponding to the blood substance concentration, or the like.
When the number of wavelengths to be used is set at 5, four hemoglobin concentrations can be obtained. For example, an O2Hb concentration, an RHb concentration, a COHb concentration and an MetHb concentration can be obtained simultaneously. When one of 620 nm and 635 nm is set as the fourth wavelength λ4, the other of 620 nm and 635 nm can be used as an example of the fifth wavelength λ5.
When the number of wavelengths to be used is at least 3, the blood substance concentration specifying portion 414 can specify a blood oxygen saturation as an example of the blood substance concentration. The principle thereof will be described specifically. (E2−E1) and (E2−E3) in the expression (16) are functions of the blood oxygen saturation S. Extinction Coefficients E1, E2, E3 will be expressed by the following expressions respectively.
E1=Eo1S+Er1(1−S) (23)
E2=Eo2S+Er2(1−S) (24)
E3=Eo3S+Er3(1−S) (25)
in which Eo indicates an extinction coefficient of oxyhemoglobin; Er, an extinction coefficient of deoxyhemoglobin; and S, a blood oxygen saturation. Similarly to the above description, a suffix “1” indicates the first light; a suffix “2”, the second light; and a suffix “3”, the third light. Accordingly, a ratio between (E2−E1) and (E2−E3) is also a function of the blood oxygen saturation S.
From the above description, when the lights having at least three wavelengths are used to measure the blood-based light attenuations Ab21, Ab23 and Ab24, the blood oxygen saturation S can be specified quantitatively through the expression (16) and the expressions (23) to (25). The blood substance concentration specifying portion 414 may be configured to specify the blood oxygen saturation S based on this principle.
The expression “at most (N−1)” used in the aforementioned description intends to include the following case. In the case where, for example, the light emitter 21 is configured to emit lights having five wavelengths which are different from one another, it is not necessary to always obtain four blood substance concentrations. Configuration may be made so that the light emitter 21 configured thus is used to obtain three blood substance concentrations or less.
According to the aforementioned configuration, the bag 33 can be inflated to reproduce a specific compression state of the subject's finger 5 easily. Accordingly, the blood substance concentrations of the subject can be measured quantitatively and reproductively.
Here, the information output part 42 may be configured to output the blood substance concentrations in a state in which the subject's finger 5 is not compressed by the bag 33. Specifically, the information acquisition part 41 monitors the operation of the pressure adjustment part 43 for inflating or deflating the bag 33 to thereby grasp whether the subject's finger 5 is in a compression state or not. Since values of pulsation-borne blood substance concentrations cannot be specified in the compression state, the values can be specified only after the compression state is released. Accordingly, it is not preferable to present, to a user, the values of the blood substance concentrations in the compression state in real time. Therefore, the information output part 42 may be configured to suspend outputting the blood substance concentrations as long as it is determined by the information acquisition part 41 that the subject's finger 5 has been compressed by the bag 33. For example, the measurement values of the blood substance concentrations are prevented from being displayed in the biological information acquisition apparatus 4.
According to this configuration, effective measurement values can be always presented to the user while the blood substance concentrations of the subject can be measured quantitatively and reproducibly.
Alternatively, the information output part 42 may be configured to maintain the values output prior to the operation of the pressure adjustment part 43 for pressurizing the bag 33, as long as it is determined by the information acquisition part 41 that the subject's finger 5 has been compressed by the bag 33.
According to this configuration, the measurement values per se are constantly output. Therefore, effective measurement values can be always presented to the user with a feeling of security while the blood substance concentrations of the subject can be measured quantitatively and reproducibly.
As shown in
As shown in
The pressure adjustment part 43 controls the motor pump 431 to perform the pressurization operation to inflate the bag 33 to thereby compress the subject's finger 5. When, for example, the pressurization operation is performed for a fixed time, a compression state in which the finger 5 is compressed by the bag 33 can be formed. The pressure adjustment part 43 controls the motor pump 431 to perform the depressurization operation to deflate the bag 33. In this manner, the compression state can be released.
According to this configuration, the bag 33 can be inflated to compress the subject's finger 5 automatically, so that a specific compression state can be reproduced easily. In this manner, the biological information of the subject can be acquired quantitatively and reproducibly.
As shown in
In this case, the pressure adjustment part 43 may be configured to adjust the volume of air inside the bag so that the internal pressure of the bag 33 can reach a target value based on a detection result of the pressure sensor 45. For example, the pressure adjustment part 43 controls the motor pump 431 to continue the pressurization operation until the internal pressure of the bag 33 reaches the target value.
Even when the motor pump 431 performs a fixed operation, pressure applied to the subject's finger 5 may vary according to the shape of the subject's finger 5 or the mounting positions of the sensor 2 and the support tool 3. According to the aforementioned configuration, it is possible to grasp whether to what extent the pressure has been actually applied to the subject's finger 5. Therefore, a specific compression state can be reproduced easily regardless of the shape of the subject's finger 5 or the mounting positions of the sensor 2 and the support tool 3. In this manner, the biological information of the subject can be acquired more accurately and reproducibly.
As shown in
In this case, the biological information acquisition apparatus 4 may include a control part 46. The control part 46 is configured to drive the motor pump 431 in accordance with the actuation of the switch 35.
According to this configuration, the pressurization operation can be started by the motor pump 431 automatically when the support tool 3 is mounted on the subject's finger 5. On the other hand, the pressurization operation can be prevented from being started by the motor pump 431 when the support tool 3 is not mounted in a proper position with respect to the subject's finger 5. Alternatively, the pressurization operation performed by the motor pump 431 can be suspended when the support tool 3 is displaced from the proper position with respect to the subject's finger 5 during measurement.
Accordingly, a specific compression state of the subject's finger 5 can be reproduced more easily. In this manner, the biological information of the subject can be acquired more accurately and reproducibly.
As shown in
The control part 46 may be configured to operate the pressure adjustment part 43 at a predetermined interval. The interval may be variable suitably in accordance with a usage mode of the biological information acquisition apparatus 4.
According to this configuration, the bag 33 can be inflated to compress the subject's finger 5 automatically whenever a predetermined time elapses. A specific compression state can be reproduced easily on this occasion. Therefore, for example, patient's therapy effect or deteriorating tendency of patient's condition during an operation or in an intensive care unit (ICU) can be checked automatically and accurately.
As shown in
In this case, the control part 46 (an example of a prohibition control part) may be configured to invalidate the operation of the switch 47 unless a predetermined time elapses after compression of the subject's finger 5 by the bag 33 is released. For example, the predetermined time is set as a time which is required until blood removed from the living tissues of the finger 5 due to the compression given by the bag 33 sufficiently returns to the living tissues due to the release of the compression.
After the compression of the subject's finger 5 by the bag 33 is released, a certain amount of time is required until the blood returns to the living tissues of the finger 5 to restore the finger 5 to its original state. When the switch 47 is operated prior to the restoration, biological information of the subject obtained through compression performed based on the operation may lack accuracy. According to the aforementioned configuration, next measurement can be prevented from being carried out before the subject's finger 5 which has been released from the compression is restored to its original state. Accordingly, the biological information of the subject can be acquired more accurately and reproducibly while a specific compression state of the subject's finger 5 can be reproduced easily.
The control part 46 may be configured to be capable of changing the aforementioned predetermined time in accordance with the operation state of the pressure adjustment part 43. For example, assume that the aforementioned predetermined time is normally set as thirty seconds. Even in this case, setting can be made to invalidate the operation of the switch 47 for five minutes after compression has been performed five times within three minutes.
When the compression is performed by the bag 33 repeatedly, a burden imposed on the living tissues of the subject's finger 5 becomes large in spite of non-local pressure. According to the aforementioned configuration, the burden imposed on the subject can be suppressed while a specific compression state of the subject's finger 5 can be reproduced easily.
As shown in
When the motor pump 431 is driven under a circumstance that power is fed insufficiently, a desired compression state of the subject's finger 5 may not be able to be obtained. According to the aforementioned configuration, a situation that measurement is made in this state to acquire inaccurate biological information of the subject can be avoided. Accordingly, the biological information of the subject can be acquired more accurately and reproducibly while a specific compression state of the subject's finger 5 can be reproduced easily.
As shown in
In the case of the configuration in which the manual adjustment mechanism 433 is provided in place of the motor pump 431, the configuration of the pressure adjustment part 43 can be simplified, and the size and weight of the biological information acquisition apparatus 4 can be reduced. In the case of the configuration in which the manual adjustment mechanism 433 is provided in addition to the motor pump 431, biological information can be acquired manually even when the power feeding performance of the power supply 44 to the motor pump 431 becomes insufficient. When the power supply 44 is a battery, biological information can be acquired manually if necessary. As a result, electric power can be saved. Accordingly, the biological information of the subject can be measured in accordance with the circumstance while a specific compression state of the subject's finger 5 can be reproduced easily.
As shown in
According to this configuration, the user can easily grasp whether the subject's finger 5 is in a compression state or not. Particularly in the case where pressure is given by the bag 33 manually, the user can use the sound output by the audio output part 49, as a guide for forming a desired compression state. Accordingly, the biological information of the subject can be acquired accurately and reproducibly while a specific compression state of the subject's finger 5 can be reproduced more easily.
In each of the aforementioned configurations, the light emitter 21 of the sensor 2 is mounted on the nail side 5a of the subject's finger 5, and the light receiver 22 of the sensor 2 is mounted on the ventral side 5b of the finger 5. However, the light emitter 21 may be mounted on the ventral side 5b of the finger 5 and the light receiver 22 may be mounted on the nail side 5a of the finger 5.
In each of the aforementioned configurations, light emitted from the light emitter 21 and transmitted through the subject's finger 5 is incident on the light receiver 22. However, an optical sensor 2A may be used alternatively, as shown in
In each of the aforementioned configurations, the support tool 3 is mounted on the finger 5 of the subject on which the sensor 2 is mounted. However, as shown in
According to this configuration, biological information can be acquired by only an operation of mounting the support tool 3 on the subject's finger 5. Accordingly, the biological information of the subject can be acquired simply and reproducibly while a specific compression state of the subject's finger 5 can be reproduced easily.
As shown in
Alternatively, the support apparatus 3 and the biological information acquisition apparatus 4 may be connected to each other by a tube 60A shown in
When the tube 60 or the tube 60A is used, an electric system cable and a ventilation system hose can be combined into a single line. In this manner, dislocation of the support tool 3 due to body motion etc. of the subject can be suppressed, in comparison with a case where two lines may be displaced individually due to the body motion etc. Accordingly, a specific compression state of the subject's finger 5 can be reproduced more easily. Thus, the biological information of the subject can be acquired more reproducibly.
In the aforementioned configuration, the pressure adjustment part 43 of the biological information acquisition apparatus 4 adjusts the volume of air inside the bag 33 through the ventilation tube 34. However, a suitable fluid may be used as long as it can inflate or deflate the bag 33. In this case, the ventilation tube 34 has a configuration in which the fluid can be circulated through the ventilation tube 34.
Next, a specific configuration of the support tool 3 belonging to the biological information acquisition system 1 configured in the aforementioned manner will be described. In the following description, the terms “front”, “rear”, “left”, “right”, “up” and “down” are used for the convenience of illustration, and do not limit an orientation or direction in an actual usage state.
An inner peripheral face 31a of the first support 31 extends in the shape of an arc (the shape of an arc). A bag 33 is disposed to extend along the inner peripheral face 31a. One end of a ventilation tube 34 (only a part thereof is illustrated) is molded integrally with the bag 33. The bag 33 which inflates due to air sent thereto from the pressure adjustment part 43 of the biological information acquisition apparatus 4 through the ventilation tube 34 abuts against a peripheral part of the subject's finger 5 to thereby apply compression thereto.
According to this configuration, as shown in
As shown in
According to this configuration, a user can attach the support tool 3 on the subject's finger 5 with the fixation assistance parts 37 as a guide. When the fixation assistance parts 37 are fixed to the finger 5 by a tape etc. if necessary, dislocation of the support tool 3 with respect to the finger 5 during measurement can be prevented. Accordingly, a specific compression state of the finger 5 can be reproduced more easily. Thus, biological information of the subject can be acquired more reproducibly.
In the support tool 3A, a pair of elastic pieces 37a (an example of elastic members) are provided on rear end portions of a fixation assistance piece 37. When the support tool 3A is mounted on a finger 5 of a subject, the elastic pieces 37a hold a part of the finger 5 to thereby surround the part of the finger 5.
According to this configuration, the support tool 3A can be fixed to the subject's finger 5 without requiring an auxiliary fixation piece such as a tape. In this manner, dislocation of the support tool 3 with respect to the finger 5 during measurement can be prevented, so that a specific compression state of the finger 5 can be reproduced more easily. Accordingly, biological information of the subject can be acquired more reproducibly.
In the support tool 3B, a front end portion of a first support 31 and a front end portion of a second support 32 are connected by a connection wall 36c. When the support tool 3B is mounted on a finger 5 of a subject, the finger 5 is disposed in a space partitioned by the first support 31, the second support 32 and the connection wall 36c. The space is opened in a left/right direction.
That is, the whole periphery of the subject's finger 5 does not have to be surrounded during acquisition of biological information. When a portion having relatively high rigidity is set to the necessary minimum, an increase in the weight of the support tool 3B can be suppressed. Accordingly, a burden imposed on the subject on whom the support tool 3B is mounted can be suppressed.
The support tool 3C includes a pressing member 38. The pressing member 38 is a member that resembles a finger of a living body. Specifically, the pressing member 38 is made of a soft material that resembles a finger of a living body. The pressing member 38 has a shape that ressembles a finger which has been compressed by a hand of a medical personnel. The pressing member 38 is provided on an outer face of a bag 33. When the bag 33 inflates due to air sent thereto from the pressure adjustment part 43 of the biological information acquisition apparatus 4 through a ventilation tube 34, the pressing member 38 abuts against a finger 5 of a subject.
According to this configuration, it is possible to form a more natural compression state which is similar to the compression heretofore performed by a hand of a medical personnel. Accordingly, biological information can be acquired more naturally while a specific compression state of the subject's finger 5 can be reproduced easily.
As shown in
According to this configuration, the support tool 3D can be attached to the ventilation tube 34 removably. Thus, the ventilation tube 34 does not have to be molded integrally with the bag 33 so that manufacturing cost of the support tool 3D can be suppressed. Accordingly, it is possible to meet a request to make only the support tool 3D disposable while reproducing a specific compression state of the subject's finger 5 easily.
In the support tool 3E, a channel formation part 39 is made rotatable around a central axis X within a plane perpendicular to the central axis X. The central axis X extends in an up/down direction of the support tool 3E. The central axis X extends along a portion where a ventilation channel 39b extends in the up/down direction of the support tool 3E (see
In the support tool 3E, a connection portion 39a is made rotatable around a central axis Y within a plane perpendicular to the central axis Y. The central axis Y extends in a front/rear direction of the support tool 3E. The central axis Y extends along a portion where the ventilation channel 39b extends in the front/rear direction of the support tool 3E (see
According to this configuration, even when a ventilation tube 34 connected to the connection portion 39a is displaced due to body motion of a subject, the channel formation part 39 is displaced following the displacement of the ventilation tube 34. Accordingly, dislocation of the support tool E due to the body motion can be suppressed. Accordingly, a specific compression state of a finger 5 of the subject can be reproduced more easily. Thus, biological information of the subject can be acquired more reproducibly.
The channel formation part 39 and the connection portion 39a may be configured such that one of them is movable relative to the first support 31.
The support tool 3F includes an elastic member 37b on a rear end portion of a fixation assistance part 37. A through hole 37c extending in a front/rear direction of the support tool 3F is formed in the elastic member 37b. The elastic member 37b is made of a material which has elasticity and which is higher in softness than the fixation assistance part 37.
To attach the support tool 3F on a finger 5 of a subject, the finger 5 is first inserted into the through hole 37c of the elastic member 37b. The finger 5 passes through the elastic member 37b while enlarging the through hole 37c. As a result, the finger 5 is disposed in a predetermined position opposed to a bag 33. The elastic member 37b retains the finger 5 due to its own elasticity while surrounding a part of the finger 5.
According to this configuration, the support tool 3F can be fixed to the subject's finger 5 without requiring an auxiliary fixation piece such as a tape. Thus, dislocation of the support tool 3 with respect to the finger 5 during measurement can be prevented, so that a specific compression state of the finger 5 can be reproduced more easily. Accordingly, biological information of the subject can be acquired more reproducibly.
In the support tool 3F, a through hole 32a is formed in a second support 32. The through hole 32a communicates with a space where the subject's finger 5 is disposed. The position, shape and size of the through holes 32a are determined to allow access to the finger 5 of the subject on whom the support tool 3F is mounted. The access may be made by a rod-like jig or a user's finger.
According to this configuration, even in an emergency that the pressure adjustment part 43 of the biological information acquisition apparatus 4 cannot function for some reason, the subject's finger 5 can be compressed by a user's hand so that biological information can be acquired.
The through hole 32a may be formed in a first support 31. In this case, the bag 33 is pressed against the subject's finger 5 by a rod-like jig or a user's finger.
Features described about each of the aforementioned embodiments may be combined suitably with configurations of other embodiments as long as the original configurations or functions of the other embodiments are not spoiled.
The above description is for facilitating the understanding of the present invention, and does not limit the present invention. The present invention may be changed or modified without departing from the gist of the invention and it is apparent that their equivalents are also included in the invention.
The biological information acquisition apparatus 4 according to the aforementioned embodiment acquires a capillary refill time and blood substance concentrations of a subject as biological information. In other words, the support tool 3 (3A to 3F) according to each of the aforementioned embodiments is mounted on a finger 5 of the subject to support acquisition of the capillary refill time and the blood substance concentrations of the subject. However, the support tool 3 (3A to 3F) according to the invention can be applied to support of acquisition of all biological information which can be acquired by use of the sensor of a type which can be mounted on the subject's finger 5. For example, the biological information may be a heart rate, body temperature, etc.
In the support tool 3 (3A to 3F) according to each of the aforementioned embodiments, the bag 33 is disposed along the inner peripheral face 31a of the first support 31 disposed on the nail side 5a of the finger. However, the support tool 3 (3A to 3F) according to each of the aforementioned embodiments may have a configuration in which the first support 31 is disposed on the ventral side 5b of the finger 5. In this case, the bag 33 is disposed on the ventral side 5b of the finger 5, and the second support 32 is disposed on the nail side 5a of the finger 5. In addition, the support tool 3 (3A to 3F) according to each of the aforementioned embodiments may have a configuration in which the first support 31 is disposed on one of the left and right sides of the finger 5. In this case, the bag 33 is disposed on the one of the left and right sides of the finger 5, and the second support 32 is disposed on an opposite side to the first support 31 with the interposition of the bag 33 therebetween.
In the support tool 3 (3A to 3F) according to each of the aforementioned embodiments, the whole of the bag 33 is disposed along the inner peripheral face 31a of the first support 31. However, the support tool 3 (3A to 3F) according to each of the aforementioned embodiments may have a configuration in which at least a part of the bag 33 is disposed along the inner peripheral face 31a of the first support 31. In the case where, for example, the first support 31 is disposed on the nail side 5a of the subject's finger 5, a part of the bag 33 may be formed into a shape going around to the ventral side 5b of the finger 5.
In the embodiments illustrated so far, the functions of the information acquisition part 41, the control part 46, the power supply monitoring part 48, the first light attenuation acquisition portion 411, the second light attenuation acquisition portion 412, the capillary refill time specifying portion 413, and the blood substance concentration specifying portion 414 are achieved by software executed by cooperation between a processor and a memory which are connected communicably. For example, the processor may be a CPU or an MPU.
For example, the memory may be an RAM or an ROM. However, at least one of the functions of the information acquisition part 41, the control part 46, the power supply monitoring part 48, the first light attenuation acquisition portion 411, the second light attenuation acquisition portion 412, the capillary refill time specifying portion 413, and the blood substance concentration specifying portion 414 may be achieved by hardware such as a circuit element or by a combination of hardware and software.
The content of Japanese Patent Application No. 2014-047755 filed on Mar. 11, 2014 is incorporated herein as forming a part of the description of the present application.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2014-047755 | Mar 2014 | JP | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2015/055765 | 2/27/2015 | WO | 00 |
