This disclosure relates to a suppressor. More specifically, this disclosure relates to a suppressor for a firearm.
Discharging a firearm produces an extremely loud report that can damage the hearing of nearby persons and disrupt the surrounding environment. Suppressors, or silencers, are sometimes used to attenuate the report. Over time, suppressors slowly accumulate lead, copper, carbon, and other heavy metal deposits, which can eventually diminish the performance of the suppressor. Some suppressors are user-serviceable, which allows a user to disassemble the suppressor for cleaning. One common design for user-serviceable suppressors is to provide a suppressor cap that is threadedly connected to a tube of the suppressor. The suppressor cap can be unscrewed from the tube to remove the suppressor baffles, and the suppressor cap, the baffles, the tube, and any other suppressor components can then be accessed for cleaning. Some suppressors are modular and can be reconfigured in different lengths. For example, some suppressors utilize a tube with two or more pieces, and the suppressor can be shortened by removing the suppressor cap, taking out one piece of the tube and at least one baffle, and screwing the suppressor cap onto the remaining portion of the tube.
Tightening and untightening the suppressor cap and the tube commonly requires a tool to apply sufficient torque to secure the suppressor cap to the tube. Often, these tools are proprietary or of a relatively uncommon design, which can make replacement difficult if the tools are lost. Additionally, threaded connections in suppressors can work loose during use as the suppressor heats up, particularly where dissimilar metals are utilized. This may occur at a time wherein the user may not have access to the necessary tools to re-tighten the suppressor cap and/or the mount, such as if the user is in the field, on a mission, etc.
It is to be understood that this summary is not an extensive overview of the disclosure. This summary is exemplary and not restrictive, and it is intended to neither identify key or critical elements of the disclosure nor delineate the scope thereof. The sole purpose of this summary is to explain and exemplify certain concepts of the disclosure as an introduction to the following complete and extensive detailed description.
In one exemplary aspect, a suppressed firearm can comprise a firearm comprising a slide; and a suppressor configured to mount to the firearm, the suppressor comprising a suppressor cap, the suppressor cap defining at least one protuberance configured to rotationally interlock with the slide. In a further exemplary aspect, the suppressor can define a first end and a second end; the suppressor cap can be positioned at the first end; the second end can be configured to mount to the firearm; an axis can extend from the first end to the second end; and the at least one protuberance can be configured to rotationally interlock with the slide about the axis.
In a further exemplary aspect, the at least one protuberance can comprise a first lug and a second lug; and a distance between the first lug and the second lug can be sized complimentary to an outer rail width of the slide. In a further exemplary aspect, the slide can define an inner rail width; the at least one protuberance can further comprise a third lug and a fourth lug; and the third lug and the fourth lug can each define a width that is sized complimentary to the inner rail width. In a further exemplary aspect, the slide can define an inner rail width; the at least one protuberance can further comprise a center lug; and the center lug can define a center lug width that can be sized complimentary to the inner rail width.
In another exemplary aspect, a suppressor cap can comprise a flange defining a through hole, the through hole defining an axis; a first lug extending axially outward from the flange, the first lug defining a first radially inner surface; and a second lug extending axially outward from the flange, the second lug defining a second radially inner surface positioned parallel to the first radially inner surface, the axis centered between the first radially inner surface and the second radially inner surface. In a further exemplary aspect, the first radially inner surface and the second radially inner surface can be planar. In a further exemplary aspect, the flange can define a circumference, and the first lug and the second lug can be positioned adjacent to the circumference.
In a further exemplary aspect, a distance between the first radially inner surface and the second radially inner surface can be between 0.848 inches and 0.893 inches. In a further exemplary aspect, the suppressor cap can further comprise a third lug and a fourth lug; the third lug can define a third radially inner surface; the fourth lug can define a fourth radially inner surface; and a distance between the third radially inner surface and the fourth radially inner surface can be between 0.985 inches and 1.030 inches. In a further exemplary aspect, the third radially inner surface can be perpendicular to the first radially inner surface.
In a further exemplary aspect, a distance between the first radially inner surface and the second radially inner surface can be between 0.985 inches and 1.030 inches. In a further exemplary aspect, the first lug can define a width between 0.764 inches and 0.809 inches. In a further exemplary aspect, the first lug can define a width between 0.632 inches and 0.677 inches. In a further exemplary aspect, a distance between the first radially inner surface and the second radially inner surface can be between 0.843 inches and 0.888 inches. In a further exemplary aspect, a distance between the first radially inner surface and the second radially inner surface can be between 1.100 inches and 1.145 inches. In a further exemplary aspect, the first lug can define a width between 0.768 inches and 0.814 inches.
In another exemplary aspect, a method of removing a suppressor cap of a suppressor can comprise engaging a slide of a firearm with at least one protuberance of the suppressor cap to rotationally interlock the slide to the suppressor cap about an axis, the suppressor cap defining a through hole centered about the axis; and rotating the slide about the axis to rotate the suppressor cap about the axis relative to a tube of the suppressor. In a further exemplary aspect, engaging the slide of the firearm with at least one protuberance of the suppressor cap can comprise positioning the slide at least partially between a first lug and a second lug of the at least one protuberance. In a further exemplary aspect, a distance between the first lug and the second lug can be sized complimentary to an outer rail width of the slide. In a further exemplary aspect, the distance can be between 0.848 inches and 0.893 inches. In a further exemplary aspect, the distance can be between 0.985 inches and 1.030 inches. In a further exemplary aspect, positioning the slide at least partially between the first lug and the second lug can comprise positioning a pair of frame rails of the slide between the first lug and the second lug.
Various implementations described in the present disclosure may include additional systems, methods, features, and advantages, which may not necessarily be expressly disclosed herein but will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following detailed description and accompanying drawings. It is intended that all such systems, methods, features, and advantages be included within the present disclosure and protected by the accompanying claims. The features and advantages of such implementations may be realized and obtained by means of the systems, methods, features particularly pointed out in the appended claims. These and other features will become more fully apparent from the following description and appended claims, or may be learned by the practice of such exemplary implementations as set forth hereinafter.
The features and components of the following figures are illustrated to emphasize the general principles of the present disclosure. The drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. Corresponding features and components throughout the figures may be designated by matching reference characters for the sake of consistency and clarity.
The present disclosure can be understood more readily by reference to the following detailed description, examples, drawings, and claims, and the previous and following description. However, before the present devices, systems, and/or methods are disclosed and described, it is to be understood that this disclosure is not limited to the specific devices, systems, and/or methods disclosed unless otherwise specified, and, as such, can, of course, vary. It is also to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular aspects only and is not intended to be limiting.
The following description is provided as an enabling teaching of the present devices, systems, and/or methods in its best, currently known aspect. To this end, those skilled in the relevant art will recognize and appreciate that many changes can be made to the various aspects of the present devices, systems, and/or methods described herein, while still obtaining the beneficial results of the present disclosure. It will also be apparent that some of the desired benefits of the present disclosure can be obtained by selecting some of the features of the present disclosure without utilizing other features. Accordingly, those who work in the art will recognize that many modifications and adaptations to the present disclosure are possible and can even be desirable in certain circumstances and are a part of the present disclosure. Thus, the following description is provided as illustrative of the principles of the present disclosure and not in limitation thereof.
As used throughout, the singular forms “a,” “an” and “the” include plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. Thus, for example, reference to “an element” can include two or more such elements unless the context indicates otherwise.
Ranges can be expressed herein as from “about” one particular value, and/or to “about” another particular value. When such a range is expressed, another aspect includes from the one particular value and/or to the other particular value. Similarly, when values are expressed as approximations, by use of the antecedent “about,” it will be understood that the particular value forms another aspect. It will be further understood that the endpoints of each of the ranges are significant both in relation to the other endpoint, and independently of the other endpoint.
For purposes of the current disclosure, a material property or dimension measuring about X or substantially X on a particular measurement scale measures within a range between X plus an industry-standard upper tolerance for the specified measurement and X minus an industry-standard lower tolerance for the specified measurement. Because tolerances can vary between different materials, processes and between different models, the tolerance for a particular measurement of a particular component can fall within a range of tolerances.
As used herein, the terms “optional” or “optionally” mean that the subsequently described event or circumstance can or cannot occur, and that the description includes instances where said event or circumstance occurs and instances where it does not.
The word “or” as used herein means any one member of a particular list and also includes any combination of members of that list. Further, one should note that conditional language, such as, among others, “can,” “could,” “might,” or “may,” unless specifically stated otherwise, or otherwise understood within the context as used, is generally intended to convey that certain aspects include, while other aspects do not include, certain features, elements and/or steps. Thus, such conditional language is not generally intended to imply that features, elements and/or steps are in any way required for one or more particular aspects or that one or more particular aspects necessarily include logic for deciding, with or without user input or prompting, whether these features, elements and/or steps are included or are to be performed in any particular aspect.
Disclosed are components that can be used to perform the disclosed methods and systems. These and other components are disclosed herein, and it is understood that when combinations, subsets, interactions, groups, etc. of these components are disclosed, that while specific reference of each various individual and collective combinations and permutations of these may not be explicitly disclosed, each is specifically contemplated and described herein, for all methods and systems. This applies to all aspects of this application including, but not limited to, steps in disclosed methods. Thus, if there are a variety of additional steps that can be performed it is understood that each of these additional steps can be performed with any specific aspect or combination of aspects of the disclosed methods.
Disclosed is a suppressed firearm and associated methods, systems, devices, and various apparatus. The suppressed firearm can comprise a suppressor and a firearm. It would be understood by one of skill in the art that the suppressed firearm is described in but a few exemplary aspects among many. No particular terminology or description should be considered limiting on the disclosure or the scope of any claims issuing therefrom.
The suppressor 110, also sometimes referred to as a “silencer,” can comprise a suppressor cap 120, a tube 130, a mount 140, and at least one flow restricting element 498 (shown in
The suppressor cap 120 can be coupled to the tube 130. The mount 140 can be coupled to the tube 130 opposite from the suppressor cap 120. The at least one flow restricting element 498 can be positioned within the tube 130 between the suppressor cap 120 and the mount 140. For example and without limitation, the at least one flow restricting element 498 can comprise a plurality of baffles 499 (shown in
In the aspect shown, the suppressor 110 can be a modular suppressor, and the tube 130 can comprise a first tube portion 132 and a second tube portion 134. The first tube portion 132 can define a first tube end 135 of the tube 130, which can be coupled to the suppressor cap 120. The second tube portion 134 can define a second tube end 137 of the tube 130, which can be coupled to the mount 140. The first tube portion 132 can coupled to the second tube portion 134. In various aspects, the first tube portion 132 can be threadedly engaged with the second tube portion 134. In modular aspects, a length of the suppressor 110 can be varied by omitting the first tube portion 132 or the second tube portion 134. For example and without limitation, the first tube portion 132 can be omitted, and the suppressor cap 120 can be coupled to the second tube portion 134, or the second tube portion 134 can be omitted, and the mount 140 can be coupled to the first tube portion 132.
In some aspects, the tube 130 can be a one-piece tube. In some aspects, the suppressor 110 can be a “tubeless” design, and the tube 130 can be defined by one or more outer circumferential walls of the at least one flow restricting element 498. In some aspects, the tube 130 can be collectively defined by outer circumferential walls of the baffles 499.
The mount 140 can couple the suppressor 110 to the firearm 190. In the present aspect, the mount 140 can couple the suppressor 110 to a barrel 192 of the firearm 190. In various aspects, the mount 140 can couple the suppressor 110 to a different portion of the firearm 190. In the aspect shown, the mount 140 can be a piston assembly 142, sometimes referred to as a “booster assembly” or a “Nielsen device.” The piston assembly 142 can comprise a piston 144, a piston housing 146, and a biasing member (not shown). The piston 144 can be coupled to the barrel 192. The piston 144 can be configured to reciprocate relative to the piston housing 146 when the firearm 190 is fired with the suppressor 110 coupled thereto. In some aspects, the mount 140 can be a different type of mount, such as a direct-thread mount, a tri-lug mount, a bi-lock mount, a taper mount, a snap-on mount, a gate-latch mount, or any other suitable type of mount.
In the present aspect, the firearm 190 can be a handgun 191. In addition to the barrel 192, the handgun 191 can comprise a slide 194, and a frame 196. The slide 194 can be coupled to the frame 196, and the slide 194 can be configured to reciprocate relative to the frame 196.
The barrel 192 can be at least partially positioned within the slide 194. In some aspects, the barrel 192 can be configured to reciprocate relative to the frame 196 during firing of the firearm 190. In some aspects, the barrel 192 can be fixed to the frame 196 and may remain stationary relative to the frame 196 during firing of the firearm 190.
The slide 194 can define a first end 210 and a second end 212. The second end 212 can be positioned opposite from the first end 210. The slide 194 can define a first slide rail 226 and a second slide rail 228, which can each extend at least partially between the first end 210 and the second end 212. The slide rails 226,228 can cooperate with corresponding features of the frame 196 (frame 196 shown in
The first slide rail 226 can define a first outer surface 216 and a first inner surface 236. The second slide rail 228 can define a second outer surface 218 and a second inner surface 238. The slide 194 can define an outer rail width 280, which can be measured between the first outer surface 216 and the second outer surface 218. The slide 194 can define an inner rail width 290, which can be measured between the first inner surface 236 and the second inner surface 238.
The outer rail width 280 and the inner rail width 290 can vary for different examples of the firearm 190 (shown in
For example, on the MR920 pistol made by Shadow Systems LLC of Plano, TX, the outer rail width can be approximately 1.000″, and the inner rail width can be approximately 0.7935″. On the CR920 pistol made by Shadow Systems, the outer rail width can be approximately 0.863″, and the inner rail width can be approximately 0.657″. On the G20 10 mm and/or G21 .45 ACP pistols made by Glock Ges.m.b.H. of Deutsch-Wagram, Austria, the outer rail width can be approximately 1.120″, and the inner rail width can be approximately 0.7935″. On the Universelle Selbstladepistole (“USP”) 9 mm and .45 ACP pistols made by Heckler & Koch GmbH of Oberndorf, Germany, the outer rail width can be approximately 1.140″, and the inner rail width can be approximately 0.906″. On the P2000 pistol made by Heckler & Koch GmbH of Oberndorf, Germany, the outer rail width can be approximately 1.135″, and the inner rail width can be approximately 0.906″. On the M&P 9 M2.0 Compact pistol made by Smith & Wesson of Springfield, Massachusetts, the outer rail width can be approximately 1.100″, and the inner rail width can be approximately 0.785″. On the P365 pistol made by SIG SAUER, Inc. of Newington, New Hampshire, the outer rail width can be approximately 0.898″, and the inner rail width can be approximately 0.638″. On the U.S. military Model 1911, the outer rail width can be approximately 0.912″, and the inner rail width can be approximately 0.628″.
The slide 194 can define a channel 230 between the slide rails 226,228. The barrel 192 can be at least partially positioned within the channel 230. A muzzle end 292 of the barrel 192 can extend outwards from the first end 210 of the slide 194. The barrel 192 can be configured to couple to the mount 140 (mount 140 shown in
The suppressor cap 120 can comprise a flange 310 and at least one protuberance 320. The flange 310 can define a through hole 312, which can be sized to permit a bullet to pass through. For example and without limitation, the through hole 312 can be sized to permit a 9 mm, .40-caliber, or .45-caliber bullet to pass through. The through hole 312 can define an axis 314 (shown extending out of the page). The at least one protuberance 320 can extend axially outward from the flange 310 with respect to the axis 314.
The at least one protuberance 320 can comprise a plurality of lugs. In some aspects, the at least one protuberance 320 can comprise a center lug 322. In some aspects, the at least one protuberance 320 can comprise a first pair of lugs 332a,b. In some aspects, the at least one protuberance 320 can further comprise a second pair of lugs 342a,b. In some aspects, the at least one protuberance 320 can comprise additional pairs of lugs (not shown).
The center lug 322 can define a first pair of radially outer surfaces 324a,b and a second pair of radially outer surfaces 326a,b. The first pair of radially outer surfaces 324a,b can be parallel to one another. The second pair of radially outer surfaces 326a,b, can be parallel to one another. The first pair of radially outer surfaces 324a,b can be perpendicular to the second pair of radially outer surfaces 326a,b. The axis 314 can be parallel to each of the radially outer surfaces 326a,b. The center lug 322 can define a first width 324 measured between the first pair of radially outer surfaces 324a,b and a second width 326 measured between second pair of radially outer surfaces 326a,b. In some aspects, the first width 324 can be equivalent to the second width 326. In some aspects, the first width 324 can be longer or shorter than the second width 326.
The first pair of lugs 332a,b can respectively define a first pair of radially inner surfaces 334a,b. A first lug 332a of the first pair of lugs 332a,b can define a pair of side surfaces 336a,b. A second lug 332b of the first pair of lugs 332a,b can define a pair of side surfaces 336c,d. The side surfaces 336a,c can be parallel to the side surfaces 336b,d. The side surfaces 336a,b,c,d can be perpendicular to the first pair of radially inner surfaces 334a,b. In some aspects comprising the center lug 322, a third width 335 measured between the side surfaces 336a,b,c,d, can be equivalent to the first width 325.
A first distance 339 can be defined between the first pair of radially inner surfaces 334a,b.
The second pair of lugs 342a,b can respectively define a second pair of radially inner surfaces 344a,b. A first lug 342a of the first pair of lugs 342a,b can define a pair of side surfaces 346a,b. A second lug 342b of the first pair of lugs 342a,b can define a pair of side surfaces 346c,d. The side surfaces 346a,c can be parallel to the side surfaces 346b,d. The side surfaces 346a,b,c,d can be perpendicular to the second pair of radially inner surfaces 344a,b. In some aspects comprising the center lug 322, a fourth width 347 measured between the side surfaces 346a,b,c,d, can be equivalent to the second width 327.
A second distance 349 can be defined between the second pair of radially inner surfaces 344a,b. In various aspects, the second distance 349 can be the same as or different from the first distance 339.
In various aspects, some or all of the surfaces 324a,b,326a,b,334a,b,336a-d,344a,b,346a-d can be substantially planar.
In the present aspect, the various lugs 332a,b,334a,b can be evenly distributed along, or adjacent to, a circumference 311 of the flange 310. In the aspect shown, the first pair of lugs 332a,b can be offset by ninety degrees about the axis 314 from the second pair of lugs 342a,b. For example and without limitation, the first pair of radially inner surfaces 334a,b can be perpendicular to the second pair of radially inner surfaces 344a,b. In aspects with more than two pairs of lugs, the pairs of lugs can be offset at a different angle. For example and without limitation, in an aspect with three pairs of lugs, each pair of lugs can be offset from the next by sixty degrees about the axis 314.
The various widths 325,327,335,347 and/or distances 339,349 can be sized complimentary to at least one dimension of the slide 194 of at least one example of the firearm 190 (slide 194 and firearm 190 shown in
Specifically, the distances 339,349 can be sized complimentary to the outer rail width 280 (shown in
The various widths 325,327,335,347 can be sized complimentary to the inner rail width 290 (shown in
In some aspects, the widths 325,327,335,347 can be sized to engage with a third and a fourth example of the firearm 190, which can be distinct from the first and second examples of the firearm 190. For example and without limitation, the width 325 and the width 335 can be respectively sized complimentary to the inner rail width 290 of a third example of the firearm 190 and a fourth example of the firearm 190. Such an arrangement can increase compatibility of the suppressor cap 120 to rotationally interlock with the slides 194 of more different examples of the firearm 190.
In some aspects, the first distance 339, the second distance 349, or both distances 339,349 can be between 0.848″ and 0.893″. In some aspects, the first distance 339, the second distance 349, or both distances 339,349 can be between 0.853″ and 0.888″. In some aspects, the first distance 339, the second distance 349, or both distances 339,349 can be between 0.858″ and 0.883″. In some aspects, the first distance 339, the second distance 349, or both distances 339,349 can be between 0.863″ and 0.878″. In some aspects, the first distance 339, the second distance 349, or both distances 339,349 can be between 0.868″ to 0.873″.
In some aspects, the first distance 339, the second distance 349, or both distances 339,349 can be between 0.985″ and 1.030″. In some aspects, the first distance 339, the second distance 349, or both distances 339,349 can be between 0.990″ and 1.025″. In some aspects, the first distance 339, the second distance 349, or both distances 339,349 can be between 0.995″ and 1.020″. In some aspects, the first distance 339, the second distance 349, or both distances 339,349 can be between 1.000″ and 1.015″. In some aspects, the first distance 339, the second distance 349, or both distances 339,349 can be between 1.005″ and 1.010″.
In some aspects, the first distance 339, the second distance 349, or both distances 339,349 can be between 0.843″ and 0.888″. In some aspects, the first distance 339, the second distance 349, or both distances 339,349 can be between 0.848″ and 0.883″. In some aspects, the first distance 339, the second distance 349, or both distances 339,349 can be between 0.853″ and 0.878″. In some aspects, the first distance 339, the second distance 349, or both distances 339,349 can be between 0.858″ and 0.873″. In some aspects, the first distance 339, the second distance 349, or both distances 339,349 can be between 0.863″ and 0.868″.
In some aspects, the first distance 339, the second distance 349, or both distances 339,349 can be between 1.100″ and 1.145″. In some aspects, the first distance 339, the second distance 349, or both distances 339,349 can be between 1.105″ and 1.140″. In some aspects, the first distance 339, the second distance 349, or both distances 339,349 can be between 1.110″ and 1.135″. In some aspects, the first distance 339, the second distance 349, or both distances 339,349 can be between 1.115″ and 1.130″. In some aspects, the first distance 339, the second distance 349, or both distances 339,349 can be between 1.120″ and 1.125″.
In some aspects, any or all of the widths 325,327,335,347 can be between 0.590″ and 0.635″. In some aspects, any or all of the widths 325,327,335,347 can be between 0.595″ and 0.630″. In some aspects, any or all of the widths 325,327,335,347 can be between 0.600″ and 0.625″. In some aspects, any or all of the widths 325,327,335,347 can be between 0.605″ and 0.620″. In some aspects, any or all of the widths 325,327,335,347 can be between 0.610″ and 0.615″.
In some aspects, any or all of the widths 325,327,335,347 can be between 0.518″ and 0.563″. In some aspects, any or all of the widths 325,327,335,347 can be between 0.523″ and 0.558″. In some aspects, any or all of the widths 325,327,335,347 can be between 0.528″ and 0.553″. In some aspects, any or all of the widths 325,327,335,347 can be between 0.533″ and 0.548″. In some aspects, any or all of the widths 325,327,335,347 can be between 0.538″ and 0.543″.
In some aspects, any or all of the widths 325,327,335,347 can be between 0.764″ and 0.809″. In some aspects, any or all of the widths 325,327,335,347 can be between 0.769″ and 0.804″. In some aspects, any or all of the widths 325,327,335,347 can be between 0.774″ and 0.799″. In some aspects, any or all of the widths 325,327,335,347 can be between 0.779″ and 0.794″. In some aspects, any or all of the widths 325,327,335,347 can be between 0.784″ and 0.789″.
In some aspects, any or all of the widths 325,327,335,347 can be between 0.632″ and 0.677″. In some aspects, any or all of the widths 325,327,335,347 can be between 0.637″ and 0.672″. In some aspects, any or all of the widths 325,327,335,347 can be between 0.642″ and 0.667″. In some aspects, any or all of the widths 325,327,335,347 can be between 0.647″ and 0.662″. In some aspects, any or all of the widths 325,327,335,347 can be between 0.652″ and 0.657″.
In some aspects, any or all of the widths 325,327,335,347 can be between 0.7685″ and 0.8135″. In some aspects, any or all of the widths 325,327,335,347 can be between 0.7735″ and 0.8085″. In some aspects, any or all of the widths 325,327,335,347 can be between 0.7785″ and 0.8035″. In some aspects, any or all of the widths 325,327,335,347 can be between 0.7835″ and 0.7985″. In some aspects, any or all of the widths 325,327,335,347 can be between 0.7885″ and 0.7935″.
The center lug 322 (shown in
With the slide 194 rotationally interlocked with the suppressor cap 120, the first end 210 and the second end 212 of the slide 194 can overhang from the suppressor cap 120, and the slide 194 can be used as a tool, such as a wrench, to provide leverage to rotate the suppressor cap 120 about the axis 314 and unscrew the suppressor cap 120 from the tube 130, as shown in
One should note that conditional language, such as, among others, “can,” “could,” “might,” or “may,” unless specifically stated otherwise, or otherwise understood within the context as used, is generally intended to convey that certain aspects include, while other aspects do not include, certain features, elements and/or steps. Thus, such conditional language is not generally intended to imply that features, elements and/or steps are in any way required for one or more particular aspects or that one or more particular aspects necessarily include logic for deciding, with or without user input or prompting, whether these features, elements and/or steps are included or are to be performed in any particular aspect.
It should be emphasized that the above-described aspects are merely possible examples of implementations, merely set forth for a clear understanding of the principles of the present disclosure. Any process descriptions or blocks in flow diagrams should be understood as representing modules, segments, or portions of code which include one or more executable instructions for implementing specific logical functions or steps in the process, and alternate implementations are included in which functions may not be included or executed at all, may be executed out of order from that shown or discussed, including substantially concurrently or in reverse order, depending on the functionality involved, as would be understood by those reasonably skilled in the art of the present disclosure. Many variations and modifications may be made to the above-described aspect(s) without departing substantially from the spirit and principles of the present disclosure. Further, the scope of the present disclosure is intended to cover any and all combinations and sub-combinations of all elements, features, and aspects discussed above. All such modifications and variations are intended to be included herein within the scope of the present disclosure, and all possible claims to individual aspects or combinations of elements or steps are intended to be supported by the present disclosure.
This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63/545,315, filed on Oct. 23, 2023, the entire contents of which are expressly incorporated herein by reference.
Number | Date | Country | |
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63545315 | Oct 2023 | US |