Claims
- 1. A storage-stable, aqueous non-oily liquid or dry concentrate agriculturally acceptable composition comprising:
- (a) glyphosate or one or more of its salts or mixtures thereof;
- (b) one or more secondary alcohol surfactants having the representative chemical structure ##STR5## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are independently straight or branched chain C.sub.1 to about C.sub.28 alkyl, aryl or alkylaryl groups and the total number of carbon atoms in R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 is about 7 to about 30, R.sub.3 is hydrogen, R.sub.4 groups are independently C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkylene groups and n is an average number from about 3 to about 30, said secondary alcohol imparting rainfastness to the composition; and
- (c) one or more other surfactants selected from the group consisting of alkyl monoglycosides, alkyl polyglycosides, sucrose alkylesters, tertiary and quaternary alkylamine alkoxylates, non-alkoxylated tertiary and quaternary alkylamines, alkylamine oxides and alkylbetaines.
- 2. The composition of claim 1 wherein, in the structure of said alcohol surfactant, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are both straight chain alkyl groups with a total of about 7 to about 30 carbon atoms, and R.sub.4 groups are ethylene.
- 3. The composition of claim 2 wherein, in the structure of said alcohol surfactant, n is an average number from about 7 to about 14.
- 4. The composition of claim 2 wherein, in the structure of said alcohol surfactant, n is an average numbers from about 9 to about 12.
- 5. The composition of claim 1 which is an aqueous concentrate formulation with a glyphosate acid equivalent loading in the range from about 5 to about 40 per cent by weight.
- 6. The composition of claim 1 which is a dry concentrate composition with a glyphosate acid equivalent loading in the range from about 10 to about 75 per cent by weight.
- 7. The composition of claim 6 which is a water-soluble granular formulation with a glyphosate acid equivalent loading in the range from about 40 to about 70 per cent by weight.
- 8. The composition of claim 1 wherein said alcohol surfactant comprises a C.sub.11-15 unbranched alkyl chain with an ethoxylated alcohol group at any position on the chain except at either end, and n is an average number from about 9 to about 12.
- 9. The composition of claim 8 comprising said alcohol surfactant and a tertiary alkylamine surfactant with about 2 to about 10 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of amine.
- 10. The composition of claim 9 wherein said tertiary alkylamine surfactant is a cocoamine or tallowamine with about 2 to about 5 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of amine.
- 11. The composition of claim 8 comprising said alcohol surfactant and a quaternary alkylamine surfactant with about 2 to about 10 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of amine.
- 12. The composition of claim 11 wherein said quaternary alkylamine surfactant is a cocoamine or tallowamine with about 2 to about 5 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of amine.
- 13. The composition of claim 10 or claim 12 wherein the weight ratio of said alcohol surfactant to glyphosate acid equivalent is in the range from about 1:20 to about 1:1.
- 14. The composition of claim 10 or claim 12 wherein the weight ratio of said alcohol surfactant to glyphosate acid equivalent is in the range from about 1:12 to about 1:2.
- 15. The composition of claim 10 or claim 12 wherein the weight ratio of said alcohol surfactant to glyphosate acid equivalent is in the range from about 1:6 to about 1:3.
- 16. The composition of claim 10 or claim 12 wherein the weight ratio of said alcohol surfactant to said tertiary or quaternary alkylamine surfactant is in the range from about 1:20 to about 5:1.
- 17. The composition of claim 10 or claim 12 wherein the weight ratio of said alcohol surfactant to said tertiary or quaternary alkylamine surfactant is in the range from about 1:10 to about 2:1.
- 18. The composition of claim 10 or claim 12 wherein the weight ratio of said alcohol surfactant to said tertiary or quaternary alkylamine surfactant is in the range from about 1:5 to about 1:1.
- 19. A storage-stable aqueous concentrate herbicidal composition comprising:
- (a) at least 240 g/l of glyphosate acid equivalent in the form of the ammonium salt of glyphosate, wherein the molar ratio of ammonium cations to glyphosate anions is in the range from about 1:1 to about 2:1;
- (b) an ethoxylated C.sub.11-15 secondary alcohol surfactant having an average of about 9 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of secondary alcohol; said ethoxylated C.sub.11-15 secondary alcohol surfactant imparting rainfastness to the composition and
- (c) an ethoxylated tertiary cocoamine or tallowamine surfactant having an average of about 5 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of amine;
- wherein the ratio of glyphosate, expressed as acid equivalent weight, to the total weight of secondary alcohol and cocoamine or tallowamine surfactants is in the range from about 4:1 to about 1.5:1, and the weight/weight ratio of secondary alcohol surfactant to cocoamine or tallowamine surfactant is in the range from about 5:1 to about 1:1.
- 20. A non-oily aqueous surfactant composition for enhancing the efficacy of a glyphosate herbicide, comprising:
- (a) an ethoxylated secondary alcohol surfactant having the representative chemical structure ##STR6## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are independently straight chain alkyl groups, the total number of carbon atoms in R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 is in the range from about 10 to about 20, and n is an average number in the range from about 7 to about 14; said ethoxylated secondary alcohol surfactant imparting rainfastness to the composition and
- (b)an ethoxylated alkylamine surfactant having an average alkyl chain length in the range from about 10 to about 20 carbon atoms and having an average of from about 2 to about 20 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of amine, said alkylamine surfactant being selected from the group consisting of tertiary alkylamines, quaternary alkylamines and alkylamine oxides.
- 21. A method of controlling unwanted vegetation comprising the steps of:
- (a) dissolving or diluting in water in a spray tank a mixture of a glyphosate herbicide and a composition of claim 20 to form a spray solution; and
- (b) applying the spray solution by spraying to the foliage of said vegetation.
- 22. A herbicidal method comprising adding to a glyphosate composition a secondary alcohol surfactant having the representative chemical structure ##STR7## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are independently straight or branched chain C.sub.1 to about C.sub.28 alkyl, aryl or alkylaryl groups and the total number of carbon atoms in R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 is about 7 to about 30, R.sub.3 is hydrogen, R.sub.4 groups are independently C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkylene groups and n is an average number from about 3 to about 30, and thereafter applying the composition to unwanted vegetation prior to the onset of rain which would reduce the herbicidal efficacy of an otherwise similar composition lacking only the secondary alcohol surfactant.
- 23. A method of controlling unwanted vegetation comprising the steps of:
- (a) dissolving or diluting in water in a spray tank a composition of claim 10 or claim 19 to form a spray solution; and
- (b) applying the spray solution by spraying to the foliage of said vegetation;
- said method giving acceptable control in the absence of rain where the glyphosate acid equivalent rate applied is at least about 25% lower than the rate that would be required when using a similar composition differing only in lacking said secondary alcohol surfactant.
- 24. A method of controlling unwanted vegetation comprising the steps of:
- (a) dissolving or diluting in water in a spray tank a composition of claim 12 to form a spray solution; and
- (b) applying the spray solution by spraying to the foliage of said vegetation;
- said method giving acceptable control in the absence of rain and control which is not unacceptably reduced if rain falls shortly after application.
- 25. A method for enhancing the rainfastness of a glyphosate herbicide composition, comprising adding to a glyphosate composition a secondary alcohol surfactant having the representative chemical structure ##STR8## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are independently straight or branched chain C.sub.1 to about C.sub.28 alkyl, aryl or alkylaryl groups and the total number of carbon atoms in R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 is about 7 to about 30, R.sub.3 is hydrogen, R.sub.4 groups are independently C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkylene groups and n is an average number from about 3 to about 30, and thereafter applying the composition to unwanted vegetation prior to the onset of rain which would reduce the herbicidal efficacy of a glyphosate composition lacking the secondary alcohol.
- 26. The method of claim 25 wherein, in the structure of said alcohol surfactant, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are both straight chain alkyl groups with a total of about 7 to about 30 carbon atoms, and R.sub.4 groups are ethylene.
- 27. The method of claim 26 wherein, in the structure of said alcohol surfactant, n is an average number from about 7 to about 14.
- 28. The method of claim 26 wherein, in the structure of said alcohol surfactant, n is an average number from about 9 to about 12.
- 29. The method of claim 15 wherein said alcohol surfactant comprises a C.sub.11-15 unbranched alkyl chain with an ethoxylated alcohol group at any position on the chain except at either end, and n is an average number from about 9 to about 12.
- 30. The method of claim 15 wherein said alcohol surfactant is added to the spray solution at a concentration of about 0.05 to about 2 per cent by volume.
- 31. The method of claim 15 wherein said alcohol surfactant is added to the spray solution at a concentration of about 0.1 to about 1 per cent by volume.
Parent Case Info
This application is a continuation of application Ser. No. 08/576,268, filed Dec. 21, 1995, now abandoned, which is a continuation of application Ser. No. 08/341,501, filed Nov. 22, 1994, now abandoned, which is a continuation-in-part of application Ser. No. 08/169,805, filed Dec. 17, 1993, now abandoned.
US Referenced Citations (6)
Foreign Referenced Citations (1)
Number |
Date |
Country |
B-6455286 |
May 1987 |
AUX |
Continuations (2)
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Number |
Date |
Country |
Parent |
576268 |
Dec 1995 |
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Parent |
341501 |
Nov 1994 |
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Continuation in Parts (1)
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Number |
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169805 |
Dec 1993 |
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