Patent Application
20200062284
This application claims the benefit of British Patent Application No. 1812515.3, filed 31 Jul. 2018, the entirety of which is hereby incorporated herein.
The present invention relates to switches for interconnecting rails in rail tracks.
Typically, a zipline (also known as a zip-line, zip wire, aerial runway or aerial ropeslide) comprises an inclined cable, secured only at upper and lower ends thereof, and a trolley (also known as a bogey), including a freely-rolling pulley. A user (i.e. a load), suspended from the trolley, may be accelerated by gravity from the upper end to the lower end of the inclined cable. In use, the pulley rolls along an uppermost portion of the inclined cable. A gradient of the inclined cable is typically in a range from 1 in 20 to 1 in 30. Usually, the inclined cable sags and appropriate tensioning of the inclined cable is required to control acceleration of the user. Since the inclined cable is secured only at the upper and the lower ends thereof, the inclined cable is restricted to a linear path, without lateral deviations, such as curves or bends.
To provide a non-linear path including lateral deviations, such as curves or bends, the cable may be replaced with a rail, typically a monorail. The non-linear path enables the rail to curve around obstacles, for example, and/or to increase user enjoyment. An uppermost portion of the rail may be fixed to a framework or hung from ceiling joists or trees, for example, such that a region under the rail remains unobstructed for the trolley and the user to travel through. That is, the rail is a suspended rail, situated at a height typically in a range from 2 m to 10 m, above the ground. A typical rail includes a tube having an axial (also known as longitudinal) flange, for fixing or hanging, upstanding therefrom. The pulley is replaced by one or more freely-rolling wheels, that roll along the rail on an upper lateral portion or portions thereof, clear of the fixed uppermost portion. For example, the wheels may roll either side of the axial flange. For safety, the trolley is arranged to be captive on the rail, such that the trolley (i.e. a captive trolley) remains on the rail, in use. Two or more trolleys may be captive on the rail, such that two or more respective users may travel thereon. The rail is generally inclined, having a mean gradient typically in a range from 1 in 10 to 1 in 60, though may include one or more descending portions, ascending portions and/or horizontal portions. A total length of the rail may be in excess of 500 m, including multiple curves or bends, descending portions, ascending portions and/or horizontal portions. An installed rail may be known as a rail track. The rail may be a continuous (also known as an endless) rail, forming a closed rail track.
However, maintenance of the trolley may generally not be performed readily in situ, since the trolley is at the height above ground, for example. Further, maintenance of the trolley restricts use otherwise of the rail, since the trolley undergoing maintenance presents an obstruction. Similarly, a slower moving or paused trolley may also present an obstruction. Furthermore, adding a trolley to and/or removing a trolley from the rail may be problematic, since the trolley may be captive on the rail. Additionally, a user may require assistance and/or recovery, for example from an elevated and/or a remote situation.
Hence, there is a need to improve rails and/or trolleys, for example to improve trolley reliability, rail track operation and/or user safety.
It is one aim of the present invention, amongst others, to provide a switch, a rail track, a switch assembly and a trolley which at least partially obviates or mitigates at least some of the disadvantages of the prior art, whether identified herein or elsewhere. In this way, trolley reliability, rail track operation and/or user safety may be improved.
A first aspect provides a switch for interconnecting a first rail providing a first portion of a running surface for a wheel and a second rail providing a second portion of the running surface wherein a first end of the first rail and an opposed second end of the second rail are axially mutually spaced apart by a first spacing, the switch comprising:
a set of rail segments including a first rail segment, having a first end, a second end and a first length therebetween correlating with the first spacing;
wherein the switch is arrangeable in:
a first configuration, wherein the first rail segment is arranged to interconnect the first rail and the second rail, thereby providing an interconnecting portion of the running surface between the first portion and the second portion; and
a second configuration, wherein the first rail segment is transversely spaced apart from the first rail and/or the second rail;
wherein the switch is arranged to move from the first configuration to the second configuration by a first transverse movement of the first rail segment.
A second aspect provides a rail track, or a kit of parts for a rail track, comprising a set of rail sections and a set of rail sections and a set of switches, including a first switch and optionally, a second switch, according to the first aspect.
A third aspect provides a switch assembly comprising:
a switch according to the first aspect; and
a trolley comprising a frame, a set of wheels, including a first wheel, rotatably coupled to the frame; and an attachment member, coupled to the frame, for attachment, preferably suspension, of a load therefrom, in use.
A fourth aspect provides a trolley for a rail providing a running surface for a wheel, the trolley comprising:
a frame;
a set of wheels, including a first wheel and optionally a second wheel, rotatably coupled to the frame; and
an attachment member, coupled to the frame, for attachment, preferably suspension, of a load therefrom, in use;
wherein the first wheel comprises a driver wheel for driving the trolley along the running surface; and
wherein the trolley comprises a biasing member arranged to bias the first wheel against the running surface.
A fifth aspect provides a switch for interconnecting a first rail providing a first portion of a running surface for a wheel and a second rail providing a second portion of the running surface wherein a first end of the first rail and an opposed second end of the second rail are axially mutually spaced apart by a first spacing and transversely mutually spaced apart by a second spacing, the switch comprising:
a set of rail segments including a first rail segment and a second rail segment, each having a first end, a second end and a first length therebetween correlating with the first spacing;
wherein the switch is arrangeable in:
a first configuration, wherein the first rail segment is arranged to connect with the first rail and wherein the second rail segment is arranged to connect with the second rail; and
a second configuration, wherein the first rail segment is transversely spaced apart from the first rail and/or the second rail and wherein the second rail segment is arranged to connect with the first rail;
wherein the switch is arranged to move from the first configuration to the second configuration by a first transverse movement of the first rail segment and/or of the second rail segment correlating with the second spacing.
A sixth aspect provides a switch assembly comprising:
a switch according to the fifth aspect; and
a trolley comprising a frame, a set of wheels, including a first wheel, rotatably coupled to the frame; and an attachment member, coupled to the frame, for attachment, preferably suspension, of a load therefrom, in use.
According to the present invention there is provided a switch, as set forth in the appended claims. Also provided are a rail track, a switch assembly and a trolley. Other features of the invention will be apparent from the dependent claims, and the description that follows.
Switch
The first aspect provides a switch for interconnecting a first rail providing a first portion of a running surface for a wheel and a second rail providing a second portion of the running surface wherein a first end of the first rail and an opposed second end of the second rail are axially mutually spaced apart by a first spacing, the switch comprising:
a set of rail segments including a first rail segment, having a first end, a second end and a first length therebetween correlating with the first spacing;
wherein the switch is arrangeable in:
a first configuration, wherein the first rail segment is arranged to interconnect the first rail and the second rail, thereby providing an interconnecting portion of the running surface between the first portion and the second portion; and
a second configuration, wherein the first rail segment is transversely spaced apart from the first rail and/or the second rail;
wherein the switch is arranged to move from the first configuration to the second configuration by a first transverse movement of the first rail segment.
In this way, the first rail segment interconnects the first rail and the second rail in the first configuration, such that a trolley, for example, may travel continuously from the first rail to the second rail via the first rail segment. By positioning the trolley on the first rail segment and moving the switch from the first configuration to the second configuration, the trolley may be unloaded, for maintenance, from the first rail segment via the first end or the second end thereof. The switch may be then moved to the first configuration, such that another trolley may travel continuously from the first rail to the second rail via the first rail segment, for example. Subsequently, the trolley may be reloaded onto the switch, by moving the switch from the first configuration to the second configuration, and reloading the trolley on to the first rail segment via the first end or the second end. By moving the switch back to the first configuration, the trolley may travel onto the first rail or the second rail, for example. Hence, maintenance of the trolley maintenance of the trolley may be performed more readily, since the trolley may be removed from the rail via the switch. Further, the trolley undergoing maintenance does not present an obstruction, since the trolley is removed from the rail. Furthermore, adding a trolley to and/or removing a trolley from the rail is facilitated by the switch, particularly if the trolley is arranged to be captive on the rail (i.e. a captive trolley). In this way, trolley reliability, rail track operation and/or user safety may be improved.
In other words, the switch provides a moveable siding (i.e. the first rail segment) having, for example, stub switches at each end thereof.
The switch (also known as a point, a set of points or a turnout) is for interconnecting the first rail providing the first portion of the running surface for the wheel and the second rail providing the second portion of the running surface wherein the first end of the first rail and the opposed second end of the second rail are axially mutually spaced apart by the first spacing.
It should be understood that the first rail and the second rail are included in a rail track, for example an open rail track or a closed rail track.
It should be understood that when a rail segment of the set of rail segments is not arranged to interconnect the first rail and the second rail, there is a gap therebetween, since the first end of the first rail and the opposed second end of the second rail are axially mutually spaced apart by the first spacing. Hence, a trolley may not travel from the first rail to the second rail.
It should be understood that the first end of the first rail and the opposed second end of the second rail are axially mutually spaced apart by the first spacing. For example, if the first rail and the second rail define a linear path between the first end of the first rail and the opposed second end of the second rail, the first spacing is a linear spacing. For example, if the first rail and the second rail define an arcuate (i.e. curved) path between the first end of the first rail and the opposed second end of the second rail, the first spacing is an arcuate spacing.
It should be understood that the first rail provides the first portion of the running surface for the wheel, for example of a trolley, the second rail provides the second portion of the running surface and the first rail segment provides the interconnecting portion of the running surface therebetween, when the switch is arranged in the first configuration. That is, the running surface is a surface for the wheel to run, for example roll, thereon. In one example, the running surface is a continuous running surface, having no, or substantially free from, discontinuities therein, for example no protrusions (i.e. convexities) thereon or depressions (i.e. concavities) therein. Discontinuities may increase loading and/or vibration and hence wear and/or fatigue.
In one example, a discontinuity in the running surface, measured normal and/or parallel thereto, between the first rail and the first rail segment and/or between the second rail and the first rail segment is at most 2 mm, preferably at most 1 mm, more preferably at most 0.5 mm.
In one example, the running surface comprises a planar running surface and/or a non-planar running surface, for example a concave running surface or a convex running surface.
The switch comprises the set of rail segments including the first rail segment, having the first end, the second end and the first length therebetween correlating with the first spacing.
In one example, the set of rail segments includes a plurality N of rail segments, including the first rail segment, wherein N is a natural number greater than 1, for example 2, 3, 4 or more. In this way, a plurality of configurations of the switch may be provided, for example at least N+1 configurations. Each of the rail segments of the set of rail segments may be as described with respect to the first rail segment.
In one example, the first end of the first rail segment and/or the second end of the first rail segment correspond (i.e. have a similar size and/or shape) with the first end of the first rail and/or the second end of the second rail, respectively. In this way, a continuity of the running surface may be improved. In one example, the first end of the first rail segment and/or the second end of the first rail segment are arranged to interlock with the first end of the first rail and/or the second end of the second rail, respectively. In this way, a structural integrity of the switch arranged in the first configuration, for example, may be enhanced. In one example, the first end of the first rail segment, the second end of the first rail segment, the first end of the first rail and/or the second end of the second rail comprise(s) (a) stub end(s). In this way, a complexity of the switch may be reduced.
It should be understood that the first length correlates with the first spacing. As described above, the first spacing may be a linear spacing whereby the first rail segment comprises and/or is a linear first rail segment, wherein the first length is a linear length of at most the first spacing, preferably wherein a difference therebetween is at most 2 mm, more preferably at most 1.5 mm, most preferably at most 1 mm. As described above, the first spacing may be an arcuate spacing whereby the first rail segment comprises and/or is an arcuate first rail segment, wherein the first length is an arcuate length of at most the first spacing, preferably wherein a difference therebetween is at most 2 mm, more preferably at most 1.5 mm, most preferably at most 1 mm.
The switch is arrangeable in the first configuration, wherein the first rail segment is arranged to interconnect the first rail and the second rail, thereby providing the interconnecting portion of the running surface between the first portion and the second portion. In this way, the first rail segment interconnects the first rail and the second rail in the first configuration, such that a trolley, for example, may travel continuously from the first rail to the second rail via the first rail segment.
The switch is arrangeable in the second configuration, wherein the first rail segment is transversely spaced apart from the first rail and/or the second rail. In this way, a trolley may be loaded and/or unloaded from the first rail segment, as described above.
In one example, the first rail segment is arranged to connect with a third rail, and/or interconnect a third rail and a fourth rail, in the second configuration. In this way, the trolley may be transferred to another rail, for example.
The switch is arranged to move from the first configuration to the second configuration by the first transverse movement of the first rail segment.
It should be understood that the first transverse movement is transverse to an axial (i.e. a longitudinal) direction of the first rail segment. In one example, the first transverse movement comprises and/or is an orthogonal movement.
First Rail Segment
In one example, the first rail segment comprises a cylindrical tube, wherein the running surface comprises a cylindrical running surface or a part thereof and wherein the first rail segment comprises a flange, for example upstanding from the cylindrical tube, as described below in more detail. The first rail and/or the second rail may similarly comprise such a cylindrical tube and such a tube, as described below in more detail.
In one example, the first length is in a range from 0.25 m to 5 m, preferably in a range from 0.50 m to 2.5 m, more preferably in a range from 0.75 m to 1.25 m, for example 0.80 m. For example, the first length may correlate with a length of a trolley, such as be at least a length of a trolley.
Transverse Movement
In one example, the first rail segment is arranged coaxially with the first rail and/or the second rail in the first configuration. For example, the first rail segment, the first rail and/or the second rail may have similar and/or the same cross-sectional shapes and the first rail segment may be aligned with the first rail and/or the second rail in the first configuration.
In one example, the first rail segment is arranged parallel to the first rail and/or the second rail in the second configuration. As described above, the first spacing may be a linear spacing whereby the first rail segment comprises and/or is a linear first rail segment and whereby the first transverse movement moves the first rail segment to a position
In one example, the arrangements of the first rail segment in the second configuration and of the first rail segment in the first configuration are mutually parallel.
In one example, the first transverse movement of the first rail segment comprises and/or is a linear transverse movement. That is, the first rail segment may be translated from the first configuration to the second configuration.
In one example, the first transverse movement of the first rail segment comprises and/or is an arcuate transverse movement. That is, the first rail segment may be moved in an arc (i.e. rotated) from the first configuration to the second configuration.
Retaining Members
In one example, the switch comprises a set of releasable retaining members, including a first releasable retaining member, arranged to releasably retain the switch in the first configuration. In this way, a structural integrity of the switch arranged in the first configuration, for example, may be enhanced. For example, by releasing the first releasable retaining member, the switch may be moved from the first configuration to the second configuration. Conversely, if the first releasable retaining member is not released, the switch is retained in the first configuration. In one example, the first releasable retaining member comprises and/or is a mechanical fastener, for example a latch, a tooled latch or a lockable latch. A tooled latch requires a tool for release while a lockable latch requires a key, for example, for release. In this way, release thereof may be restricted, for example to operators and/or maintenance engineers, while accidental and/or malicious release may be prevented. In one example, the first releasable retaining member comprises and/or is an electromagnetic fastener. In this way, release thereof may be controlled, for example remotely.
Second Rail Segment
In one example, the set of rail segments includes a second rail segment; wherein the switch is arrangeable in:
a third configuration, wherein the second rail segment is transversely spaced apart from the first rail and/or the second rail; and
a fourth configuration, wherein the second rail segment is arranged to interconnect the first rail and the second rail, thereby providing the interconnecting portion of the running surface between the first portion and the second portion;
wherein the switch is arranged to move from the third configuration to the fourth configuration by a second transverse movement of the second rail segment.
The second rail segment, the third configuration, the fourth configuration and/or the second transverse movement may be as described with respect to the first rail segment, the second configuration, the first configuration and/or the second transverse movement, respectively.
In this way, the second rail segment may substitute for the first rail segment, or vice versa.
In this way, a trolley may be unloaded from or loaded to the first rail segment as described above, for example, while the switch is arranged in the fourth configuration, wherein the second rail segment is arranged to interconnect the first rail and the second rail, such that travel of another trolley from the first rail to the second rail may continue, with interruption due to the loading and/or unloading reduced, thereby improving rail track operation and/or user safety.
In one example, the switch is arranged to move from the first configuration to the second configuration and from the third configuration to the fourth configuration, or vice-versa, concurrently (i.e. simultaneously). In this way, interruption due to the moving is reduced, thereby improving rail track operation and/or user safety.
In one example, the first rail segment and the second rail segment are mutually attached, for example mechanically by a tie, wherein the first transverse movement is equal to (i.e. the same as) the second transverse movement. In this way, moving the switch from the first configuration to the second configuration also moves the switch from the third configuration to the fourth configuration, or vice-versa.
Running Surface
In one example, the running surface comprises a cylindrical running surface or a part thereof, as described below in more detail.
Rail Sections
In one example, the switch comprises a first rail section comprising the first rail and/or a second rail section comprising the second rail. That is, the switch comprises the first rail and/or the second rail, as described above.
Support
In one example, the switch comprises a support joined, for example using mechanical fasteners such as bolts or by welding, to the first rail section and to the second rail section, arranged to space apart the first end of the first rail and the opposed second end of the second rail by the first spacing. In this way, relative positions of respective ends of the first rail section and to the second rail section may be defined. Alternatively, in one example, respective ends of the first rail section and to the second rail section are fixed independently, for example to the ground, to a framework or suspended from a framework or trees.
In one example, the support is arranged to receive the set of rail segments, for example the first rail segment and/or the second rail segment, therein, thereon and/or thereunder. In one example, the support is arranged to define the first transverse movement and/or the second transverse movement. For example, the first rail segment may move, for example slide or roll, in a guide provided by the support, whereby the first transverse movement is a linear movement or an arcuate movement. For example, the first rail segment may be mounted on wheels that run on a runway provided by the support, whereby the first transverse movement is a linear movement or an arcuate movement. For example, the first rail segment may be pivotally coupled to the support, whereby the first transverse movement is an arcuate movement. For example, the first rail segment may be coupled to the support via a linkage mechanism, for example a linear linkage mechanism or a four-bar linkage mechanism, whereby the first transverse movement is a linear movement or an arcuate movement.
Releasable Rail Coupling
In one example, the first rail section comprises a first part of a releasable rail coupling joined to a second end of the first rail and/or the second rail section comprises a second part of the releasable rail coupling joined to a first end of the second rail. In this way, the switch may be releasably coupled to adjacent, corresponding rail sections.
In more detail, the releasable rail coupling is for releasably coupling a first rail providing a first portion of a running surface for a wheel and a second rail providing a second portion of the running surface, the rail coupling comprising:
a first part having a first end comprising a first male coupling member and a second end arranged for joining to the first rail; and
a second part having a first end comprising a corresponding first female coupling member, arranged to receive the first male coupling member therein, and a second end arranged for joining to the second rail;
wherein the rail coupling is arrangeable in:
a first configuration wherein the first male coupling member and the first female coupling member are uncoupled; and
a second configuration wherein the first male coupling member and the first female coupling member are coupled by receiving the first male coupling member in the first female coupling member;
wherein the rail coupling provides a third portion of the running surface in the second configuration.
In this way, assembly and/or disassembly of the first rail (i.e. a first length of rail) and the second rail (i.e. a second length of rail) may be facilitated and/or errors in assembly reduced.
In one example, the rail coupling is formed, for example machined, from steel according to EN 10025: part 2: 2004 grade S185, S235, S275, S355 or equivalent. In one example, the rail coupling is coated, for example powder coated, painted and/or galvanized, to improve corrosion resistance.
Monorail and Suspended Switches
In one example, the switch comprises and/or is a monorail switch, for example for a monorail track. That is, a trolley runs on a single running surface and the first rail, the first rail segment and the second rail are arranged to form a monorail in the first configuration.
In one example, the switch comprises and/or is a suspended switch, for example for a suspended rail track. That is, a user is suspended from a trolley running on the running surface and travels through a region under the rail track.
In one example, the switch comprises and/or is a suspended monorail switch.
Rail
The first rail, the second rail and/or the first rail segment may be as described below, mutatis mutandis. Furthermore, other rails and/or rail sections included in a rail track may also be as described below, mutatis mutandis.
In one example, the rail comprises a planar (i.e. a flat) running surface, for example provided by a square or rectangular bar or hollow section and/or by an equal or unequal angle section. In one example, the rail comprises a non-planar, for example a convex or a concave running surface. In one example, the rail comprises a cylindrical (i.e. a convex) running surface defining a cylinder axis, wherein the line is substantially coincident, in use, with the cylinder axis, for example provided by a tube (i.e. a section) having a circular cross-section or a part thereof, such as a U shape channel. Hollow section is preferred, reducing a weight of the rail. In one example, the tube has an external diameter Dext in a range from 40 mm to 100 mm, preferably in a range from 50 mm to 75 mm, for example 60.3 mm. In one example, the tube has a wall thickness in a range from 1 mm to 6 mm, preferably in a range from 2 mm to 5 mm, for example 3 mm or 4 mm, for example 3.2 mm. In one example, the tube has an internal diameter Dint in a range from 35 mm to 95 mm, preferably in a range from 45 mm to 70 mm.
In one example, the rail comprises a non-linear, for example a curved, portion. In this way, the non-linear portion enables the rail to curve around obstacles, for example, and/or to increase user enjoyment, as described above. It should be understood that the non-linear portion is generally sideways (i.e. transverse to a general direction of travel of a trolley), though the rail may curve sideways and up or down also.
In one example, the rail comprises two or more rails, for example two parallel rails. In one example, the rail is a monorail (i.e. a single rail). A monorail is preferred, reducing cost and/or weight, may be fixed readily to a framework or hung from ceiling joists or trees, for example, and/or may be formed into relatively complex shapes, including multiple non-linear and linear portions that may also ascend, descend and/or be horizontal.
In one example, the rail is formed from steel according to EN 10025: part 2: 2004 grade S185, S235, S275, S355 or equivalent. In one example, the tube is seamless tube, for example cold-rolled seamless tube. In one example, the rail is coated, for example powder coated, painted and/or galvanized, to improve corrosion resistance.
In one example, the rail comprises a flange. The flange (also known as a web or a stiffener) increases a stiffness of the rail, for example a resistance to bending of the rail.
In one example, the rail comprises a cylindrical tube, wherein the running surface comprises a cylindrical running surface or a part thereof and wherein the rail comprises a flange.
In this way, relatively complex non-linear paths may be provided, including lateral deviations, such as curves or bends, and/or one or more descending portions, ascending portions and/or horizontal portions, for example by forming, such as bending or rolling the tube. Furthermore, since the tube has cylindrical symmetry, a transverse curvature of the running surface is relatively invariant, including for relatively complex non-linear paths, thereby providing a more continuous running surface.
In one example, the flange is arranged upstanding from the tube i.e. extending away therefrom. In one example, the flange is arranged longitudinally with respect to the tube. In one example, the flange is oriented normally to the running surface. In one example, the rail comprises a longitudinal flange. In one example, the flange is arranged to provide a fixing means, for example a lifting eye or a perforation or a set thereof through the flange, for suspension of the rail therefrom. Other fixing means are known. In this way, the rail may be fixed to, for example suspended from, a framework or hung from ceiling joists or trees, for example, such that a region under the rail remains unobstructed for the trolley and the user to travel through. In one example, the longitudinal flange comprises a first set of perforations for suspension. In one example, the longitudinal flange comprises a second set of perforations, congruent with a set of perforations provided in a third part of the rail coupling. In one example, the longitudinal flange extends continuously along a length of the rail. In one example, the flange is welded to the tube, for example continuously or intermittently (i.e. stitch welding, for example on alternate sides of the flange).
In one preferred example, the rail comprises a cylindrical tube, wherein the running surface comprises a cylindrical running surface or a part thereof and wherein the rail comprises a longitudinal flange normal to the tube (i.e. upstanding therefrom) extending continuously along the tube.
In one example, a length of the flange is greater than a length of the tube. For example, the flange may extend beyond one or both ends of the tube. In one example, the flange extends beyond both ends of the tube, by distances correlating or coinciding (i.e. equal to or substantially equal to) respective lengths, or parts thereof, of the third portion of the running surface provided by the first part and/or the second part of the rail coupling joined thereto. In this way, the respective ends of flanges of adjacent rails abut or confront when the rail coupling is arranged in the second configuration.
Rail Track
A second aspect provides a rail track, or a kit of parts for a rail track, comprising a set of rail sections and a set of rail sections and a set of switches assemblies, including a first switch and optionally a second switch, according to the first aspect.
In this way, a trolley may be unloaded via the first switch, as described above, and reloaded via the second switch, as described above, thereby bypassing an obstruction such as another slower moving or paused trolley. In this way, rail track operation and/or user safety is improved.
In one example, the rail track comprises and/or is closed rail track, including one or more rails or rail sections further comprising releasable rail coupling members, as described above, arranged between the first switch and the second switch, for example in a circuit or loop.
In one example, the rail track comprises the set of rail sections including a first rail section, wherein the first rail section provides a portion of a running surface for a wheel, the first rail section comprising a rail and a first part and/or a second part of a releasable rail coupling member, as described above, joined thereto. In this way, the first rail section may be releasably coupled to the first switch, for example. In one example, the rail track comprises a set of M rail sections, wherein M is a natural number greater than 2, 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 100, or more. In this way, the rail track may be conveniently provided. In one example, each rail section has a length in a range from 1 m to 40 m, preferably in a range from 2 m to 30 m, more preferably in a range from 5 m to 20 m, for example 9 m, 10 m, or 12 m.
The running surface and/or the rail may be as described above.
In one example, the rail comprises a cylindrical tube, wherein the running surface comprises a cylindrical running surface or a part thereof and wherein the rail comprises a flange.
In this way, relatively complex non-linear paths may be provided, including lateral deviations, such as curves or bends, and/or one or more descending portions, ascending portions and/or horizontal portions, for example by forming, such as bending or rolling the tube and/or coupling multiple rail sections. Furthermore, since the tube has cylindrical symmetry, a transverse curvature of the running surface is relatively invariant, including for relatively complex non-linear paths, thereby providing a more continuous running surface.
In one example, the rail is provided in lengths (i.e. rail sections) that are coupled end to end, for example on site.
Switch Assembly
A third aspect provides a switch assembly comprising:
a switch according to the first aspect; and
a trolley comprising:
a frame;
a set of wheels, including a first wheel, rotatably coupled to the frame; and
an attachment member, coupled to the frame, for attachment, preferably suspension, of a load therefrom, in use.
In one example, the trolley comprises:
the frame;
the set of wheels, including the first wheel and a second wheel, rotatably coupled to the frame; and
the attachment member, coupled to the frame, for attachment, preferably suspension, of the load therefrom, in use;
wherein the first wheel is rotatable in a first plane about a first axis and the second wheel is rotatable in a second plane about a second axis;
wherein the first plane and the second plane define a line;
wherein the trolley is arrangeable in:
a first configuration, wherein the attachment member is arranged at a first angular displacement about the line; and
a second configuration, wherein the attachment member is arranged at a second angular displacement about the line, wherein the first angular displacement and the second angular displacement are different.
In one example, the trolley is a captive trolley, as described above. In one example, the set of wheels is arranged to retain the trolley on a rail. That is, the trolley may not be directly removed from the rail without removing one or more wheels, for example. It should be understood that the trolley may be indirectly removed from the rail by unloading via the switch.
Typically, the load comprises and/or is a user, having a mass in a range from 30 kg to 120 kg and hence a weight in a range from 294 N to 1,177 N. In addition, centripetal forces due to cornering may add up to 1.5 g horizontally (i.e. up to 441 N to 1,766 N). Furthermore, an increased vertical load due to down swing (for example, the user swinging from an incline to a vertical position) may add up to 0.6 g vertically (i.e. up to i.e. up to 176 N to 706 N) with no horizontal component. The user may be attached to the attachment member via a harness (also known as a suspension harness), for example. The harness may be include a dorsal D-ring, for example, for attaching to the attachment member via a sling or lanyard. In this way, in use, the user may be suspended in a hang glider-type (also known as a superman) position (i.e. prone or face down). The trolley may include a handle, for the user to hold when in such a prone or face-down position.
It should be understood that, in use, the load results in (i.e. gives rise to) a downwards vertical force due to gravity, which may be imposed, at least in part, on the rail via the trolley. The load may result in (i.e. give rise to) other forces, for example due to pitching, yawing and/or rolling of the load and/or due to centripetal forces on the load, as described below, that maybe imposed on the trolley and/or on the rail via the trolley. It should be understood that the rail is generally inclined, having a mean gradient typically in a range from 1 in 10 to 1 in 60, though may include one or more descending portions, ascending portions and/or horizontal portions. For example, a rail may include an initial length having a mean gradient of about 1 in 13 (to accelerate the trolley initially), followed by an intermediate length having a mean gradient of about 1 in 25 (corresponding approximately with constant speed of the trolley) and a final length having a mean gradient of about 1 in 50 (to decelerate the trolley).
In one example, the first wheel comprises a driver wheel for driving the trolley along the running surface, for example along a lower portion and/or a lateral portion thereof, in use. In this way, the trolley may be driven along and/or around a rail track, for example, including up ascending portions and/or at controlled speeds down descending portions. In one example, the trolley comprises a battery, an electric motor, a gearbox and/or a speed controller, arranged to drive the driver wheel. Other methods of driving are known, for example hydraulically and/or pneumatically. The trolley may be further as described with respect to the fourth aspect.
Such a trolley, wherein the first wheel comprises the driver wheel, may be used as a recovery trolley (also known as a rescue trolley). The recovery trolley may be loaded via the switch, as described above, and a rescuer, for example suspended therefrom, may drive to a user requiring assistance and/or recovery, for example from an elevated and/or a remote situation. Preferably, the set of rail segments includes a second rail segment, as described above. In this way, the recovery trolley may be positioned on the second rail segment, wherein the switch is arranged in the third configuration, and the switch may be moved to the fourth configuration, if a user requires assistance and/or recovery. In this way, such assistance and/or recovery may be responsive i.e. timely, thereby reducing user distress, for example, and hence improving user safety.
In one example, the switch, for example a support thereof, comprises a set of trolley guides, including a first trolley guide, arranged to guide the trolley during movement onto and/or off the set of rail segments from the first rail and/or the second rail. For example, if the trolley comprises a biasing member arranged to bias the first wheel against the running surface, such biasing may be otherwise unbalanced during such movement.
Trolley
A fourth aspect provides a trolley for a rail providing a running surface for a wheel, the trolley comprising:
a frame;
a set of wheels, including a first wheel and optionally a second wheel, rotatably coupled to the frame; and
an attachment member, coupled to the frame, for attachment, preferably suspension, of a load therefrom, in use;
wherein the first wheel comprises a driver wheel for driving the trolley along the running surface; and
wherein the trolley comprises a biasing member arranged to bias the first wheel against the running surface.
In this way, the biasing member biases the first wheel against the running surface such that the first wheel may continue to drive the trolley even with changes in gradient and/or curvature of the running surface. For example, the first wheel may maintain contact and hence sufficient grip with the running surface while the trolley travels up a curved, ascending portion of rail. Otherwise, the first wheel may slip, particularly when the load is relatively high, such that the trolley is unable to ascend such a portion. In one example, the biasing member comprises a mechanical spring, for example a mechanical tension or compression spring, an elastomeric member and/or an actuator, such as a motor, arranged to bias the first wheel against the running surface.
The trolley may be further as described with respect to the third aspect.
Switch
The fifth aspect provides a switch for interconnecting a first rail providing a first portion of a running surface for a wheel and a second rail providing a second portion of the running surface wherein a first end of the first rail and an opposed second end of the second rail are axially mutually spaced apart by a first spacing and transversely mutually spaced apart by a second spacing, the switch comprising:
a set of rail segments including a first rail segment and a second rail segment, each having a first end, a second end and a first length therebetween correlating with the first spacing;
wherein the switch is arrangeable in:
a first configuration, wherein the first rail segment is arranged to connect with the first rail and wherein the second rail segment is arranged to connect with the second rail; and
a second configuration, wherein the first rail segment is transversely spaced apart from the first rail and/or the second rail and wherein the second rail segment is arranged to connect with the first rail;
wherein the switch is arranged to move from the first configuration to the second configuration by a first transverse movement of the first rail segment and/or of the second rail segment correlating with the second spacing.
In this way, an efficiency of loading and unloading, for example trolleys and/or users, may be improved since a trolley and/or a user may be loaded onto the first rail via the first rail segment while, for example simultaneously, another trolley and/or another user may be unloaded from the second rail via the second rail segment. Additionally and/or alternatively, in this way, the trolley and/or the user may be switched from one path, for example including the first rail, to a second path, for example including the second rail.
The first rail, the first portion of the running surface, the second rail, the second portion of the running surface, the first end of the first rail, the second end of the second rail, the first spacing, the set of rail segments, the first rail segment and/or the first transverse movement may be as described with respect to the first aspect.
Switch Assembly
The sixth aspect provides a switch assembly comprising:
a switch according to the fifth aspect; and
a trolley comprising a frame, a set of wheels, including a first wheel, rotatably coupled to the frame; and an attachment member, coupled to the frame, for attachment, preferably suspension, of a load therefrom, in use.
The trolley may be as described with respect to the third aspect and/or the fourth aspect.
Definitions
Throughout this specification, the term “comprising” or “comprises” means including the component(s), unit(s), module(s), feature(s) or integer(s) specified but not to the exclusion of the presence of other components, units, modules, features or integers.
The term “consisting of” or “consists of” means including the component(s), unit(s), module(s), feature(s) or integer(s) specified but excluding other components, units, modules, features or integers.
Whenever appropriate, depending upon the context, the use of the term “comprises” or “comprising” may also be taken to include the meaning “consists essentially of” or “consisting essentially of”, and also may also be taken to include the meaning “consists of” or “consisting of”.
The optional features set out herein may be used either individually or in combination with each other where appropriate and particularly in the combinations as set out in the accompanying claims. The optional features for each aspect or exemplary embodiment of the invention, as set out herein are also applicable to all other aspects or exemplary embodiments of the invention, where appropriate. In other words, the skilled person reading this specification should consider the optional features for each aspect or exemplary embodiment of the invention as interchangeable and combinable between different aspects and exemplary embodiments.
For a better understanding of the invention, and to show how exemplary embodiments of the same may be brought into effect, reference will be made, by way of example only, to the accompanying diagrammatic Figures, in which:
Switch
In more detail, the switch 20 is for interconnecting a first rail 10A providing a first portion P1 of a running surface for a wheel and a second rail 10B providing a second portion P2 of the running surface wherein a first end E1 of the first rail 10A and an opposed second end E2 of the second rail 10B are axially mutually spaced apart by a first spacing S1. The switch 20 comprises a set of rail segments 200 including a first rail segment 200A, having a first end E1, a second end E2 and a first length L1 therebetween correlating with the first spacing S1. The switch 20 is arrangeable in a first configuration, wherein the first rail segment 200A is arranged to interconnect the first rail 10A and the second rail 10B, thereby providing an interconnecting portion P12 of the running surface between the first portion P1 and the second portion P2. The switch 20 is arrangeable in a second configuration, wherein the first rail segment 200A is transversely spaced apart from the first rail 10A and/or the second rail 10B. The switch 20 is arranged to move from the first configuration to the second configuration by a first transverse movement M1 of the first rail segment 200A. In this way, the first rail segment 200A interconnects the first rail 10A and the second rail 10B in the first configuration, such that a trolley 100, for example, may travel continuously from the first rail 10A to the second rail 10B via the first rail segment 200A. By positioning the trolley 100 on the first rail segment 200A and moving the switch 20 from the first configuration to the second configuration, the trolley 100 may be unloaded, for maintenance, from the first rail segment 200A via the first end E1 or the second end E2 thereof. The switch 20 may be then moved to the first configuration, such that another trolley 100 may travel continuously from the first rail 10A to the second rail 10B via the first rail segment 200A, for example. Subsequently, the trolley 100 may be reloaded onto the switch 20, by moving the switch 20 from the first configuration to the second configuration, and reloading the trolley 100 on to the first rail segment 200A via the first end E1 or the second end E2. By moving the switch 20 back to the first configuration, the trolley 100 may travel onto the first rail 10A or the second rail 10B, for example. Hence, maintenance of the trolley maintenance of the trolley 100 may be performed more readily, since the trolley 100 may be removed from the rail via the switch 20. Further, the trolley 100 undergoing maintenance does not present an obstruction, since the trolley 100 is removed from the rail. Furthermore, adding a trolley 100 to and/or removing a trolley 100 from the rail is facilitated by the switch 20, particularly if the trolley 100 is arranged to be captive on the rail (i.e. a captive trolley 100). In this way, trolley reliability, rail track operation and/or user safety may be improved.
In this example, a discontinuity in the running surface, measured normal and/or parallel thereto, between the first rail 10A and the first rail segment 200A and/or between the second rail 10B and the first rail segment 200A is at most 1 mm. In this example, the running surface comprises a non-planar running surface, particularly a convex running surface. In this example, the set of rail segments 200 includes a plurality N of rail segments 200, including the first rail segment 200A, wherein N is 2. In this example, the first end E1 of the first rail segment 200A and the second end E2 of the first rail segment 200A correspond (i.e. have a similar size and shape) with the first end E1 of the first rail 10A and the second end E2 of the second rail 10B, respectively. In this example, the first end E1 of the first rail segment 200A, the second end E2 of the first rail segment 200A, the first end E1 of the first rail 10A and the second end E2 of the second rail 10B comprise stub ends. In this example, the first spacing S1 is a linear spacing whereby the first rail segment 200A is a linear first rail segment 200A, wherein the first length L1 is a linear length of at most the first spacing S1, preferably wherein a difference therebetween is at most 2 mm. The switch 20 is arrangeable in the first configuration, wherein the first rail segment 200A is arranged to interconnect the first rail 10A and the second rail 10B, thereby providing the interconnecting portion P12 of the running surface between the first portion P1 and the second portion P2. In this way, the first rail segment 200A interconnects the first rail 10A and the second rail 10B in the first configuration, such that a trolley 100, for example, may travel continuously from the first rail 10A to the second rail 10B via the first rail segment 200A. The switch 20 is arrangeable in the second configuration, wherein the first rail segment 200A is transversely spaced apart from the first rail 10A and/or the second rail 10B. In this way, a trolley 100 may be loaded and/or unloaded from the first rail segment 200A, as described above. The switch 20 is arranged to move from the first configuration to the second configuration by the first transverse movement M1 of the first rail segment 200A, as indicated by the arrow.
First Rail Segment
In this example, the first rail segment 200A comprises a cylindrical tube 11, wherein the running surface comprises a cylindrical running surface or a part thereof and wherein the first rail segment 200A comprises a flange 12, for example upstanding from the cylindrical tube 11, as described below in more detail. The first rail 10A and/or the second rail 10B may similarly comprise such a cylindrical tube 11 and such a tube 11, as described below in more detail.
In this example, the first length L1 is 0.80 m.
Transverse Movement
In this example, the first rail segment 200A is arranged coaxially with the first rail 10A and/or the second rail 10B in the first configuration. In this example, the first rail segment 200A is arranged parallel to the first rail 10A and/or the second rail 10B in the second configuration. In this example, the arrangements of the first rail segment 200A in the second configuration and of the first rail segment 200A in the first configuration are mutually parallel. In this example, the first transverse movement M1 of the first rail segment 200A is a linear transverse movement.
Retaining Members
In this example, the switch 20 comprises a set of releasable retaining members 24, including a first releasable retaining member 24A, arranged to releasably retain the switch 20 in the first configuration. In this example, the first releasable retaining member 24A is a latch.
Running Surface
In this example, the running surface comprises a cylindrical running surface or a part thereof, as described below in more detail.
Monorail and Suspended Switches
In this example, the switch 20 is a suspended monorail switch 20.
Rail
The first rail 10A, the second rail 10B and/or the first rail segment 200A may be as described below, mutatis mutandis. Furthermore, other rails and/or rail sections included in a rail track may also be as described below, mutatis mutandis. In this example, the rail comprises a cylindrical (i.e. a convex) running surface defining a cylinder axis, wherein the line is substantially coincident, in use, with the cylinder axis, for example provided by a tube 11 (i.e. a section) having a circular cross-section or a part thereof, such as a U shape channel. Hollow section is preferred, reducing a weight of the rail. In this example, the tube 11 has an external diameter Dext of 60.3 mm. In this example, the tube 11 has a wall thickness of 3.2 mm. In this example, the rail is formed from steel according to EN 10025: part 2: 2004 grade S355. In this example, the tube 11 is cold-rolled seamless tube 11. In this example, the rail is powder coated. In this example, the rail comprises a flange 12, having a thickness pf 12 mm and a height of 100 mm. In this example, the flange 12 is arranged upstanding from the tube 11 i.e. extending away therefrom. In this example, the flange 12 is arranged longitudinally with respect to the tube 11. In this example, the flange 12 is oriented normally to the running surface. In this example, the rail comprises a longitudinal flange 12. In this example, the flange 12 is arranged to provide a fixing means, for example a lifting eye or a perforation or a set thereof through the flange 12, for suspension of the rail therefrom.
Support
In this example, the switch 20 comprises a support 21 joined, by welding, to the first rail section and to the second rail section (particularly the flanges 12 thereof), arranged to space apart the first end E1 of the first rail 10A and the opposed second end E2 of the second rail 10B by the first spacing S1. In this example, the support 21 is arranged to receive the set of rail segments 200, for example thereon. In this example, the support 21 is arranged to define the first transverse movement M1 and/or the second transverse movement M2. In this example, the first rail segment 200A is mounted on wheels 13 that run on a runway 22 provided by the support 21, whereby the first transverse movement M1 is a linear movement.
In this example, the switch 20 comprises a set of trolley guides 23, including a first trolley guide 23A and a second trolley guide 23B, formed from plate and bolted to the support 21.
In more detail, the trolley 100′ comprises the frame 110′; the set of wheels 120′, including the first wheel 120A′ and a second wheel, rotatably coupled to the frame 110′; and the attachment member (not shown), coupled to the frame 110′, for attachment, preferably suspension, of the load L therefrom, in use; wherein the first wheel 120A′ comprises the driver wheel for driving the trolley 100′ along the running surface; and wherein the trolley 100′ comprises a biasing member (not shown) arranged to bias the first wheel 120A′ against the running surface. In this example, the biasing member comprises four mechanical compression springs.
The first switch 30 provides a start of a path or ride A and the second switch 40 provides an end of a path of ride B. In this way, a first user U1, suspended from the first trolley 100A, may be loaded onto the first rail 10A while, for example simultaneously, a second user U2, suspended from the second trolley 100B, may be unloaded from the second rail 10D. In this way, an efficiency of loading and unloading users may be improved. Furthermore, another user (not shown) may be suspended from the trolley 100C on the second rail segment 300B while, for example simultaneously, the first user U1, suspended from the first trolley 100A, is loaded onto the first rail 10A. Furthermore, another user (not shown) may be suspended from the trolley 100D on the second rail segment 400B while, for example simultaneously, the second user U2, suspended from the second trolley 100B, is unloaded from the second rail 10D. In this way, an efficiency of loading and unloading users may be further improved. Platforms PA-PD are provided to facilitate loading and unloading of the users U1, U2.
Although a preferred embodiment has been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications might be made without departing from the scope of the invention, as defined in the appended claims and as described above.
In summary, a switch, a rail track, a switch assembly and a trolley are provided. The switch is for interconnecting a first rail providing a first portion of a running surface for a wheel and a second rail providing a second portion of the running surface wherein a first end of the first rail and an opposed second end of the second rail are axially mutually spaced apart by a first spacing, the switch comprising: a set of rail segments including a first rail segment, having a first end, a second end and a first length therebetween correlating with the first spacing; wherein the switch is arrangeable in: a first configuration, wherein the first rail segment is arranged to interconnect the first rail and the second rail, thereby providing an interconnecting portion of the running surface between the first portion and the second portion; a second configuration, wherein the first rail segment is transversely spaced apart from the first rail and/or the second rail; and wherein the switch is arranged to move from the first configuration to the second configuration by a first transverse movement of the first rail segment. In this way, the first rail segment interconnects the first rail and the second rail in the first configuration, such that a trolley, for example, may travel continuously from the first rail to the second rail via the first rail segment. By positioning the trolley on the first rail segment and moving the switch from the first configuration to the second configuration, the trolley may be unloaded, for maintenance, from the first rail segment via the first end or the second end thereof. The switch may be then moved to the first configuration, such that another trolley may travel continuously from the first rail to the second rail via the first rail segment, for example. Subsequently, the trolley may be reloaded onto the switch, by moving the switch from the first configuration to the second configuration, and reloading the trolley on to the first rail segment via the first end or the second end. By moving the switch back to the first configuration, the trolley may travel onto the first rail or the second rail, for example.
Attention is directed to all papers and documents which are filed concurrently with or previous to this specification in connection with this application and which are open to public inspection with this specification, and the contents of all such papers and documents are incorporated herein by reference. All of the features disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims and drawings), and/or all of the steps of any method or process so disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except combinations where at least some of such features and/or steps are mutually exclusive. Each feature disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, and drawings) may be replaced by alternative features serving the same, equivalent or similar purpose, unless expressly stated otherwise. Thus, unless expressly stated otherwise, each feature disclosed is one example only of a generic series of equivalent or similar features. The invention is not restricted to the details of the foregoing embodiment(s). The invention extends to any novel one, or any novel combination, of the features disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims and drawings), or to any novel one, or any novel combination, of the steps of any method or process so disclosed.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1812515.3 | Jul 2018 | GB | national |
