The present invention relates to a switchable roller finger follower, and, more particularly, to a switchable roller finger follower with an integrated leakage path for de-aeration.
Switchable roller finger followers have an outer lever pivotably mounted outside an inner lever and a roller rotatably mounted on a transverse axle in a slot in the inner lever. An example of a switchable finger follower is described in U.S. Pat. No. 7,174,869. In this case, the top surface of the outer lever can act as a contact surface for a high lift cam and the top surface of the roller acts as a contact surface for a low lift cam. A coupling element is mounted at one end of the finger follower. When the coupling element is activated, it locks the outer lever to the inner lever and requires the follower to follow the high lift cam and transfer the lift to the valve stem of an associated intake or exhaust valve. When the coupling element is deactivated, the outer lever is free to pivot relative to the inner lever, with the motion being absorbed by a lost-motion spring, and the motion of the low lift cam is transferred by the inner lever to the valve stem. In other known arrangements used for cylinder deactivation, the coupling element maintains the inner and outer levers connected in order to transfer lift from the cam to the valve stem for the associated intake or exhaust valve when a cylinder is active, and the coupling element is released by oil pressure for disengaging the inner lever from the outer lever so that the inner lever travels a lost motion stroke when the cylinder is deactivated so that the associated intake or exhaust valve remains closed.
The coupling element is conventionally activated and deactivated by hydraulic pressure. For example, the switchable finger followers may be activated or deactivated by pressurized hydraulic fluid that is fed through a feed path from a switching oil gallery, through a hydraulic lash adjuster, and to an actuator chamber in the roller finger follower. The rise in hydraulic pressure in the actuator chamber pushes the coupling element to the activated or deactivated position. When the hydraulic pressure is reduced, a biasing element returns the coupling element to the respective deactivated or activated position.
One known problem with using hydraulic pressure in a switchable roller finger follower is that there can be a lag time for actuation of the switching function due to air bubbles in the hydraulic fluid in the switching oil gallery or the switching oil hydraulic fluid path to the coupling element actuator. These air bubbles delay the switching time, which is unsuitable for devices which require a short switching time. This also leads to a lack of consistency and repeatability in the switching time.
The present disclosure is directed to overcoming these and other problems of the prior art, including those associated with air being present in the hydraulic flow path of a switchable roller finger follower.
In one aspect, the present disclosure is directed to a switchable roller finger follower. The switchable roller finger follower includes an inner lever, an outer lever pivotably mounted to the inner lever by a pivot axle, an end block on one of the inner lever or the outer lever and comprising a bore, an opening into the bore on one side of the bore and an oil passage connected to the bore on another side of the bore, and a coupling device. The coupling device includes a coupling pin configured to move between a locked position in which the inner lever and the outer lever are connected together for movement in at least one direction and an unlocked position in which the inner lever is movable relative to the outer lever in the at least one direction. Pressure from a hydraulic fluid from the oil passage moves the coupling pin into one of the locked or the unlocked positions. The coupling device also includes a spring configured to bias the coupling pin in the other of the locked and unlocked positions. Further, a de-aeration flow path is formed between the oil passage and the opening for allowing air to move out of the oil passage, past the coupling pin, and exit through the opening. The de-aeration flow path is open when the coupling pin is in the locked position and blocked when the coupling pin is in the unlocked position.
In another aspect, the present disclosure is directed to another switchable roller finger follower. The switchable roller finger follower includes an inner lever, an outer lever pivotably mounted to the inner lever by a pivot axle, an end block on one of the inner lever or the outer lever and comprising a bore, an opening into the bore on one side of the bore and an oil passage connected to the bore on another side of the bore, and a coupling device. The coupling device includes a coupling pin configured to move between a locked position in which the inner lever and the outer lever are connected together for movement in at least one direction and an unlocked position in which the inner lever is movable relative to the outer lever in the at least one direction. Pressure from a hydraulic fluid from the oil passage moves the coupling pin into one of the locked or the unlocked positions. The coupling device also includes a spring configured to bias the coupling pin in the other of the locked and unlocked positions, and a spring retainer configured to retain an end of the spring. A de-aeration flow path is formed between the oil passage and the opening for allowing air to move out of the oil passage, past the coupling pin, and exit through the opening. The de-aeration flow path is formed at least in part by a cutout feature formed in the coupling pin and a hole in the spring retainer. Movement of the coupling pin from the locked position to the unlocked position disconnects the de-aeration flow path
The foregoing Summary and the following detailed description will be better understood when read in conjunction with the appended drawings, which illustrate a preferred embodiment of the invention. In the drawings:
Certain terminology is used in the following description for convenience only and is not limiting. The words “front,” “rear,” “upper” and “lower” designate directions in the drawings to which reference is made. The words “inwardly” and “outwardly” refer to directions toward and away from the parts referenced in the drawings. A reference to a list of items that are cited as “at least one of a, b, or c” (where a, b, and c represent the items being listed) means any single one of the items a, b, or c, or combinations thereof. The terminology includes the words specifically noted above, derivatives thereof and words of similar import.
The outer lever 14 includes two outer arms 26 (only one shown) that extend along longitudinal sides of the inner lever 12. The outer lever 14 is mounted for pivoting movement at a second end of the inner lever 20 by a pivot axle 28. The outer lever 14 further includes lost motion springs 30 (only one shown) which preferably engage lost motion spring catches on the outer lever 14 and lost motion spring arms on the inner lever 12. The lost motion springs 30 are configured to bias the inner lever 12 upwardly so the roller 18 is at an upper-most position.
The switchable roller finger follower 10 further includes an end block 32. The end block 32 may be any portion of the outer lever 14 adjacent to the inner lever 12. In other roller finger follow configurations, the end block 32 may be any body portion of the inner lever 12 adjacent to the outer lever 14. The end block 32 may be a separate or integral component of the outer lever 14 or inner lever 12.
The coupling device 34 further includes a spring 40 which biases the coupling pin 36 to the locked position. For example, as shown in
A socket 48 for receiving a support head 50 of a hydraulic lash adjuster 52 is located on the bottom side of the end block 32. An oil passage 54 is formed in the end block 32 and is connected to the socket 48 and leads to the bore 46 in an area of the shoulder portion 38 of the coupling pin 36. Hydraulic pressure applied via the hydraulic lash adjuster 52 and the oil passage 54 acts on the shoulder portion 38 of the coupling pin 36 in order to move the pin 36 against the force of the spring 40 into an unlocked position. In the unlocked position, the coupling surface 24 is free to move past the end of the pin 36, which allows the inner lever 12 to move up and down relative to the outer lever 14 about the pivot axle 28. In other words, in the unlocked position, the inner lever 12 is movable relative to the outer lever 14 in the direction(s) in which the levers were locked for movement in the locked position.
It should be understood that the disclosed embodiment in which hydraulic pressure moves the coupling pin 36 to an unlocked position and the spring 40 biases the coupling pin 36 to the locked position is exemplary. In alternative embodiments, hydraulic pressure from the oil passage 54 may move the coupling pin 36 to a locked position (e.g., in which the inner lever 12 and outer lever 14 are connected together for movement in at least one direction) and the spring 40 biases the coupling pin 36 to the unlocked position (e.g., in which the inner lever 12 is movable relative to the outer lever 14 in the at least one direction).
The configuration of the coupling device 34 thus allows for a switching operation to be performed by way of hydraulic fluid (e.g., oil) being selectively supplied to the bore 46. For example, a solenoid valve (not shown) may be selectively controlled to activate the coupling device 34 by supplying hydraulic fluid through the hydraulic lash adjuster 52, oil passage 54, and into the bore 46, thereby moving the pin 36 to the unlocked position. Similarly, a relief valve (not shown) may be selectively controlled to deactivate the coupling device 34 by decreasing the hydraulic pressure in the bore 46, thereby allowing the spring 40 to move the pin 36 back to the locked position. The switching operation allows the switchable roller finger follower 10 to switch between a lift mode and a no-lift mode.
In order for the switching operation to be effective, it should occur in a short amount of time. If the switching operation takes too long, the timing of the associated valve train may be adversely affected, reducing the efficiency of the engine. Air bubbles in the hydraulic flow path between the hydraulic lash adjuster 52 and the bore 46 may cause a slowing of the switching operation by effecting the speed with which the hydraulic pressure can be raised to a necessary level.
In order to remove these air bubbles, the disclosed switchable roller finger follower 10 includes a de-aeration feature which removes at least some of the air from the oil path. Consistent with disclosed embodiments, the switchable roller finger follower 10 includes a de-aeration flow path 56 which allows air and some oil to rise and enter the bore 46 through the oil passage 54 on one side of the bore 46 and exit the bore 46 through an opening 58 into the bore 46 formed on another side of the bore 46 at an upper location. In this way, air can move out of the oil passage 54, past the coupling pin 36, and exit through the opening 58. The opening 58 may be positioned anywhere in the end block 32. For example, the opening 58 may be positioned adjacent to the spring retainer 42 and snap ring 44 such that the spring retainer 42 and snap ring 44 are accessible via the opening 58.
Multiple embodiments of the coupling device 34 will be described with respect to the various figures. Each embodiment includes a different manner for forming the de-aeration flow path 56. In each of the embodiments, the coupling device 34 is configured such that the de-aeration flow path 56 is open when the coupling pin 36 is positioned in the locked position and blocked when the coupling pin is in the unlocked position. In the locked position, the hydraulic pressure in the bore 46 is relative low (e.g., approximately 0.2-0.3 Bar) such that only a nominal amount of hydraulic fluid may leak out of the system, with a high percentage of the air exiting. The bore 46 being above the oil passage 56 helps to facilitate the exit of the air with only a small loss in hydraulic fluid.
Moreover, when the bore 46 is under high pressure (e.g., approximately 4-5 Bar) in the unlocked position, the hydraulic fluid is prevented from escaping the bore 46 through the de-aeration flow path 56. For example, movement of the coupling pin 36 from the locked position to the unlocked position causes the blocking of the de-aeration flow path 56 by disconnecting the de-aeration flow path 56. In other embodiments, a check valve may close at pressures above a threshold to block flow through the de-aeration flow path 56.
In the disclosed embodiments, the de-aeration flow path 56 may be defined, at least in part, by the components in the vicinity of the bore 46. For example, the de-aeration flow path 56 may be defined at least in part by one or more of the end block 32, the coupling pin 36, the spring 40, the spring retainer 42, and the snap ring 44. For example, the coupling pin 36 may include a cutout feature 60 which at least in part defines the de-aeration flow path 56. Moreover, the spring retainer 42 may include a hole 62 which at least in part defines the de-aeration flow path 56. These and additional or alternative features of the de-aeration flow path 56 will be described in more detail below in relation to the illustrated embodiments.
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Proper functioning of the de-aeration flow path in the embodiment illustrated in
The disclosed embodiments are applicable to providing a de-aeration flow path for air to escape a hydraulic flow path. The disclosed embodiments are particularly applicable to a switchable roller finger follower, which relies on fast switching times. The reduction in air bubbles in the hydraulic fluid allows the switching operation to occur faster. The disclosed coupling devices for a switchable roller finger follower provide the integrated de-aeration flow path, thereby providing a simple solution that utilizes the existing components. Moreover, the disclosed configurations take advantage of the movement of the coupling pin of the coupling device such that the de-aeration flow path is disconnected and/or blocked when the coupling device is activated (e.g., the coupling pin is in the unlocked position), thereby inhibiting the flow of hydraulic fluid out of the system when the hydraulic pressure is high enough for the leakage to be significant.
Having thus described the presently preferred embodiments in detail, it is to be appreciated and will be apparent to those skilled in the art that many physical changes, only a few of which are exemplified in the detailed description of the invention, could be made without altering the inventive concepts and principles embodied therein. It is also to be appreciated that numerous embodiments incorporating only part of the preferred embodiment are possible which do not alter, with respect to those parts, the inventive concepts and principles embodied therein. The present embodiments and optional configurations are therefore to be considered in all respects as exemplary and/or illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all alternate embodiments and changes to this embodiment which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of said claims are therefore to be embraced therein.
10. Switchable roller Finger Follower
12. Inner Lever
14. Outer Lever
16. Center Recess
18. Roller
20. Transverse Axle
22. Coupling Projection
24. Coupling Surface
26. Outer Arm
28. Pivot Axle
30. Lost Motion Spring
32. End Block
34. Coupling Device
34A. Coupling Device
34B. Coupling Device
36. Coupling Pin
36A. Coupling Pin
36B. Coupling Pin
37. Head Portion
38. Shoulder Portion
39. Shaft Portion
40. Spring
42. Spring Retainer
42A. Spring Retainer
44. Snap Ring
46. Bore
48. Socket
50. Support Head
52. Hydraulic Lash Adjuster
54. Oil Passage
56. De-Aeration Flow Path
56A. De-Aeration Flow Path
56B. De-Aeration Flow Path
58. Opening
60. Cutout Feature
62. Hole
64. Radial Groove
66. Axial Groove
68. Groove
70. Perimeter Wall
72. Flat Profile
74. Space
76. Gap
78. Flat Profile
80. Gap
82. Alignment Feature
84. Flat Profile
86. Flat Profile