Subscriber line (or loop) interface circuitry (SLIC) may be found in or near a central office exchange of a telecommunications network.
One SLIC provides a communications interface between a digital switching network for a central office exchange and an analog subscriber line. The analog subscriber line connects to subscriber equipment, such as a subscriber station or telephonic instrument for example, at a location remote from the central office exchange. The analog subscriber line and subscriber equipment form a subscriber loop.
The SLIC detects and transforms voiceband communications transmitted from the subscriber equipment in the form of low voltage analog signals on the subscriber loop into corresponding digital data for transmission to the digital switching network. For bi-directional communication, the SLIC also transforms digital data received from the digital switching network into corresponding low voltage analog signals for transmission on the subscriber loop to the subscriber equipment.
The SLIC typically uses different power supply levels depending on its operation state. The SLIC may use, for example, one supply level when the subscriber equipment is deactivated or on-hook, another supply level when the subscriber equipment is activated or off-hook, and yet another supply level to signal or ring the subscriber equipment for call progress.
One low-voltage integrated circuit for a SLIC has a closed-loop pulse width modulation (PWM) controller to control a direct-current to direct-current (DC-DC) converter to supply power to a high-voltage linefeed interface integrated circuit for the SLIC at different voltage levels. The SLIC may then help reduce or minimize any excess power by helping to control the DC-DC converter to change the voltage supply level supplied to the SLIC as the SLIC changes its power usage.
The PWM controller drives a PWM control signal to the DC-DC converter at a frequency in the frequency band used for digital subscriber line (DSL) communications. When the SLIC shares a low-voltage power supply with DSL circuitry, the driving of PWM control signals generates interference in the common connection to the low-voltage power supply and can therefore impact DSL communications. Such interference may also impact other circuitry on the low-voltage integrated circuit for the SLIC. Driving PWM control signals at a frequency above the DSL frequency band may help reduce this impact. Designing a DC-DC converter to operate at such a high frequency, however, is expensive and difficult.
One or more disclosed methods comprise operating a driver to drive signals from an integrated circuit, wherein operating the driver generates interference at substantially a first frequency that may interfere with circuitry sharing a power supply with the driver, and repeatedly coupling a supply node to and decoupling the supply node from the driver at substantially a second frequency higher than the first frequency to help supply power to the driver and to help prevent interference from propagating to circuitry sharing the power supply.
One or more disclosed integrated circuits comprise signal generation circuitry to generate and output signals at substantially a first frequency, a driver to drive signals from the integrated circuit in response to the signals output from the signal generation circuitry, wherein the driver generates interference that may interfere with circuitry sharing a power supply with the driver, and switched supply coupling circuitry to couple a supply node to and decouple the supply node from the driver repeatedly at substantially a second frequency higher than the first frequency to help supply power to the driver and to help prevent interference from propagating to circuitry sharing the power supply.
One or more disclosed systems comprise circuitry coupled to receive power from a power supply and an integrated circuit coupled to receive power from the power supply. The integrated circuit comprises signal generation circuitry to generate and output signals at substantially a first frequency, a driver to drive signals from the integrated circuit in response to the signals output from the signal generation circuitry, wherein the driver generates interference that may interfere with circuitry sharing the power supply, and switched supply coupling circuitry to couple a supply node to and decouple the supply node from the driver repeatedly at substantially a second frequency higher than the first frequency to help supply power to the driver and to help prevent interference from propagating to circuitry sharing the power supply.
One or more described embodiments are illustrated by way of example and not limitation in the figures of the accompanying drawings, in which like references indicate similar elements and in which:
Integrated circuit 110 for one or more embodiments may provide switched supply coupling for driver 112 in accordance with a flow diagram 200 of
For block 202 of
Integrated circuit 110 for one or more embodiments, as illustrated in
Signal generation circuitry 114 may comprise any suitable circuitry to generate and output any suitable signals in any suitable manner for any suitable purpose. Signal generation circuitry 114 for one or more embodiments may generate and output pulse width modulated (PWM) signals to control, for example, another power supply. Signal generation circuitry 114 for one or more embodiments may generate and output delta-sigma modulated signals to control, for example, another power supply.
Driver 112 may comprise any suitable circuitry to drive signals from integrated circuit 110 over any suitable transmission medium in response to signals output from signal generation circuitry 114.
Driver 112 for one or more embodiments, as illustrated in
In response to a logical high signal from signal generation circuitry 114, p-FET 332 may be deactivated and n-FET 334 activated to pull output node 333 to reference supply node 335 to output a logical low signal from integrated circuit 10, thereby driving the logical high signal as an inverted signal from integrated circuit 110. In response to a logical low signal from signal generation circuitry 114, n-FET 334 may be deactivated and p-FET 332 activated to pull output node 333 to switched supply coupling circuitry 116 to output a logical high signal from integrated circuit 110, thereby driving the logical low signal as an inverted signal from integrated circuit 110. As p-FET 332 and n-FET 334 switch output node 333 back and forth between switched supply coupling circuitry 116 and reference supply node 335, interference may be generated from driver 112 at substantially the frequency at which driver 112 drives signals.
Circuitry 118 and/or circuitry 120 for one or more embodiments may operate at substantially frequency f1 in any suitable manner for any suitable purpose. Circuitry 120, for example, may transmit and/or receive signals at substantially frequency f1. Circuitry 118 and/or circuitry 120 for one or more embodiments may operate in any suitable manner for any suitable purpose in a predetermined frequency band containing frequency f1.
For block 204 of
Integrated circuit 110 for one or more embodiments, as illustrated in
Switched supply coupling circuitry 116 for one or more embodiments may comprise any suitable circuitry to help store any suitable amount of energy from power supply 102 while the supply node is decoupled from driver 112 and may then help supply any suitable amount of stored energy to driver 112 while the supply node is coupled to driver 112. Switched supply coupling circuitry 116 for one or more embodiments may comprise, for example, one or more capacitors and/or one or more inductors. Switched supply coupling circuitry 116 for one or more embodiments may then repeatedly couple power supply 102 to one or more capacitors and/or one or more inductors to store energy and couple such capacitor(s) and/or inductor(s) to driver 112 to supply energy from such capacitor(s) and/or inductor(s) to driver 112. Switched supply coupling circuitry 116 for one or more embodiments may be coupled to one or more capacitors and/or one or more inductors external to integrated circuit 110 to help store and/or supply energy to driver 112.
Switched supply coupling circuitry 116 for one or more embodiments may comprise any suitable circuitry to generate at the supply node a voltage level less than, approximately equal to, or greater than that supplied by power supply 102.
Signal generation circuitry 114 for one or more embodiments may be coupled to be driven by a clock signal 113, and switched supply coupling circuitry 116 for one or more embodiments may be coupled to be driven by a clock signal 115. Switched supply coupling circuitry 116 for one or more embodiments may comprise any suitable circuitry to halt supplying power to driver 112 if clock signal 115 stops. For one or more embodiments where clock signal 115 is derived from the same clock source used to derive clock signal 113, switched supply coupling circuitry 116 may therefore help provide a failsafe mechanism to help prevent driver 112 from driving signals in the event, for example, the clock source becomes disabled. The clock source for one or more embodiments may be on integrated circuit 110. The clock source for one or more embodiments may be external to integrated circuit 110.
Switched supply coupling circuitry 116 for one or more embodiments may comprise any suitable charge pump circuit. Switched supply coupling circuitry 116 for one or more embodiments may comprise any suitable switching regulator circuit.
Switched supply coupling circuitry 116 for one or more embodiments, as illustrated in
Switch control signal generator 340 may comprise any suitable circuitry to generate first and second control signals for first and second switches 351 and 352, respectively, in any suitable manner.
Switch control signal generator 340 for one or more embodiments may comprise a clocked control signal generator 342 to generate a clocked control signal having substantially a frequency higher than the frequency at which driver 112 drives signals and having any suitable duty cycle. Switch control signal generator 340 for one or more embodiments may be coupled to be driven by clock signal 115. Switch control signal generator 340 for one or more embodiments may comprise any suitable circuitry to derive from clock signal 115 the clocked control signal at any suitable frequency.
First switch 351 for one or more embodiments may be coupled to receive the clocked control signal to couple power supply 102 to supply node 353 to help store energy by charging capacitor 350 in response to a first phase of the clocked control signal and to decouple power supply 102 from supply node 353 in response to a second phase of the clocked control signal. Second switch 352 for one or more embodiments may be coupled to receive the clocked control signal through an inverter 344 to couple supply node 353 to driver 112 to supply stored energy to driver 112 by discharging capacitor 350 and charging reservoir capacitor 358 in response to the second phase of the clocked control signal and to decouple supply node 353 from driver 112 in response to the first phase of the clocked control signal.
As switch control signal generator 340 alternately activates switches 351 and 352 repeatedly, the switched capacitor circuit therefore transfers energy from power supply 102 to driver 112. If switch control signal generator 340 stops generating the clocked control signal, for example because clock signal 115 stops, the switched capacitor circuit of
Switched supply coupling circuitry 116 for one or more embodiments, as illustrated in
Switch control signal generator 440 may comprise any suitable circuitry to generate in any suitable manner a first control signal for switches 451-452 and a second control signal for switches 453-454.
Switch control signal generator 440 for one or more embodiments may comprise a clocked control signal generator 442 to generate a clocked control signal having substantially a frequency higher than the frequency at which driver 112 drives signals and having any suitable duty cycle. Switch control signal generator 440 for one or more embodiments may be coupled to be driven by clock signal 115. Switch control signal generator 440 for one or more embodiments may comprise any suitable circuitry to derive from clock signal 115 the clocked control signal at any suitable frequency.
First and second switches 451 and 452 for one or more embodiments may be coupled to receive the clocked control signal to couple capacitor 450 between power supply 102 and reference supply node 457 to help store energy by charging capacitor 450 in response to a first phase of the clocked control signal and to decouple capacitor 450 from between power supply 102 and reference supply node 457 in response to a second phase of the clocked control signal. Third and fourth switches 453 and 454 for one or more embodiments may be coupled to receive the clocked control signal through an inverter 444 to couple capacitor 450 between power supply 102 and driver 112 to charge reservoir capacitor 458 and generate at supply node 455, and therefore supply to driver 112, an approximately doubled voltage level relative to the voltage level supplied by power supply 102 in response to the second phase of the clocked control signal and to decouple capacitor 450 from between power supply 102 and driver 112 in response to the first phase of the clocked control signal.
As switch control signal generator 440 alternately activates switch pairs 451-452 and 453-454 repeatedly, the voltage doubler circuit therefore transfers energy from power supply 102 to driver 112. If switch control signal generator 440 stops generating the clocked control signal, for example because clock signal 115 stops, the voltage doubler circuit of
As described in connection with
As illustrated in
As illustrated in
Inverter 613 may or may not be powered by the same power supply supplying integrated circuit 110. Inverter 613 for one or more embodiments may be on integrated circuit 110 and powered by power supply 102 as illustrated in
Driver 712 for one or more embodiments may drive control signals in response to control signals from power supply controller 714 to control a variable power supply 760 dynamically to supply power to a linefeed interface integrated circuit 770 at different supply levels. Power supply controller 714 for one or more embodiments may control variable power supply 760 to switch between or among different power supply levels based on, for example, the operation state of SLIC integrated circuit 710. Power supply controller 714 for one or more embodiments may generate and output pulse width modulated (PWM) signals to control a direct-current to direct-current (DC-DC) converter. Power supply controller 714 for one or more embodiments may generate and output delta-sigma modulated signals to control a direct-current to direct-current (DC-DC) converter. Although power supply 702 and variable power supply 760 are illustrated as separate power supplies, power supply 702 and variable power supply 760 for one or more embodiments may use a common power supply source.
SLIC integrated circuit 710 and linefeed interface integrated circuit 770 for one or more embodiments may provide a communications interface between a switching network 701 and a subscriber loop 780. Switching network 701 for one or more embodiments may be a digital switching network for a larger telecommunications network, such as the Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN). SLIC integrated circuit 710 and linefeed interface integrated circuit 770 may be used for any suitable application such as, for example and without limitation, digital loop carriers; Central Office telephony; pair gain remote terminals; wireless local loop (WLL); digital subscriber line (DSL), coder/decoder (codec), and/or wireline or wireless voice-over-broadband systems; cable telephony; private branch exchange (PBX), Internet protocol PBX (IP-PBX), and/or key telephone systems; Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN), Ethernet, and/or Universal Serial Bus (USB) terminal adapters; and/or Integrated Voice and Data (IVD) systems.
Subscriber loop 780 for one or more embodiments, as illustrated in
SLIC integrated circuit 710 and linefeed interface integrated circuit 770 for one or more embodiments may be coupled to receive signals on subscriber loop 780 from subscriber equipment 783 and forward the received signals or transform and transmit the received signals to switching network 701. SLIC integrated circuit 710 and linefeed interface integrated circuit 770 for one or more embodiments may be coupled to receive signals from switching network 701 and forward the received signals or transform and transmit the received signals on subscriber loop 780 to subscriber equipment 783.
For one or more embodiments where SLIC integrated circuit 710 and linefeed interface integrated circuit 770 provide an analog telephone interface to subscriber loop 780 and where switching network 701 is a digital switching network, SLIC integrated circuit 710 and linefeed interface integrated circuit 770 may receive voiceband communications transmitted from subscriber equipment 783 in the form of low voltage analog signals on subscriber loop 780 and transform them into corresponding digital data signals for transmission to switching network 701. SLIC integrated circuit 710 and linefeed interface integrated circuit 770 for one or more embodiments may also transform digital data signals received from switching network 701 into corresponding low voltage analog signals for transmission on subscriber loop 780 to subscriber equipment 783.
SLIC integrated circuit 710 and linefeed interface integrated circuit 770 may transmit and receive signals over subscriber loop 780 at any suitable frequency in any suitable frequency band. SLIC integrated circuit 710 and linefeed interface integrated circuit 770 for one or more embodiments may transmit and receive signals over subscriber loop 780 in a frequency band ranging, for example, from approximately 300 Hertz (Hz) to approximately 3-4 kiloHertz (kHz).
SLIC integrated circuit 710 for one or more embodiments may be a relatively low voltage device and may comprise power supply controller 714 to help control relatively higher voltages to operate subscriber equipment 783. SLIC integrated circuit 710 and linefeed interface integrated circuit 770 for one or more embodiments may comprise any suitable circuitry to perform any suitable one or more BORSCHT functions and/or any other suitable one or more functions. BORSCHT is an acronym for battery feed, overvoltage protection, ring, supervision, coder/decoder (codec), hybrid, and test.
DSL circuitry 720 for one or more embodiments may also provide a communications interface between switching network 701 and subscriber loop 780 to support DSL communications over subscriber loop 780. DSL circuitry 720 for one or more embodiments may be coupled to receive signals on subscriber loop 780 from subscriber equipment 783, such as a DSL modem for example, and forward the received signals or transform and transmit the received signals to switching network 701. DSL circuitry 720 for one or more embodiments may be coupled to receive signals from switching network 701 and forward the received signals or transform and transmit the received signals on subscriber loop 780 to subscriber equipment 783.
DSL circuitry 720 may transmit and receive signals over subscriber loop 780 at any suitable frequency in any suitable frequency band. DSL circuitry 720 for one or more embodiments may receive DSL communications over subscriber loop 780 in a frequency band ranging, for example, from approximately 20-30 kiloHertz (kHz) to approximately 138-160 kHz and may transmit DSL communications over subscriber loop 780 in a frequency band ranging, for example, from approximately 150-240 kHz to approximately 1.1-1.5 MegaHertz (MHz).
Power supply controller 714 for one or more embodiments may generate and output signals to driver 712 at substantially any suitable frequency in the DSL communications frequency band in which DSL circuitry 720 operates, such as at substantially 250 kHz, 500 kHz, or 1 MHz for example. Because the resulting interference from driver 712 may interfere with DSL circuitry 720, switched supply coupling circuitry 716 may repeatedly couple a supply node to and decouple the supply node from driver 712 at substantially any suitable frequency higher than the DSL communications frequency band in which DSL circuitry 720 operates, such as at substantially 50 MHz or 128 MHz for example, to help supply power to driver 712 and to help prevent interference from propagating to DSL circuitry 720.
In the foregoing description, one or more embodiments of the present invention have been described. It will, however, be evident that various modifications and changes may be made thereto without departing from the broader spirit or scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims. The specification and drawings are, accordingly, to be regarded in an illustrative rather than a restrictive sense.