Embodiments of the technology relate, in general, to syringe technology, and in particular to syringe systems for the collection of bodily fluids including the collection of blood from about a Central Venous Catheter (CVC).
Health care practitioners routinely perform various types of tests on patients using bodily-fluids. In some instances, patient samples (e.g., bodily-fluids) are tested for the presence of one or more potentially undesirable microbes, such as bacteria, fungi, or yeast (e.g., Candida). Microbial testing may include incubating patient samples in one or more sterile vessels containing culture media that is conducive to microbial growth, real-time diagnostics, and/or PCR-based approaches. Generally, when such microbes are present in the patient sample, the microbes flourish over time in the culture medium. After a pre-determined amount of time (e.g., a few hours to several days), the culture medium can be tested for the presence of the microbes. The presence of microbes in the culture medium suggests the presence of the same microbes in the patient sample which, in turn, suggests the presence of the same microbes in the bodily-fluid of the patient from which the sample was obtained. Accordingly, when microbes are determined to be present in the culture medium, the patient may be prescribed one or more antibiotics or other treatments specifically designed to treat or otherwise remove the undesired microbes from the patient.
Patient samples, however, can become contaminated during procurement. One way in which contamination of a patient sample may occur is by the transfer of microbes (e.g., dermally or sub-dermally residing microbes), from saline associated with a CVC line flush, or from heparin associated with a CVC line flush. The transferred microbes may thrive in the culture medium and eventually yield a positive microbial test result, thereby falsely indicating the presence of such microbes in vivo. Such inaccurate results are a concern when attempting to diagnose or treat a suspected illness or condition. For example, false positive results from microbial tests may result in the patient being unnecessarily subjected to one or more anti-microbial therapies, which may cause serious side effects to the patient including, for example, death, as well as produce an unnecessary burden and expense to the health care system.
The present disclosure will be more readily understood from a detailed description of some example embodiments taken in conjunction with the following figures:
Various non-limiting embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described to provide an overall understanding of the principles of the structure, function, and use of the apparatuses, systems, methods, and processes disclosed herein. One or more examples of these non-limiting embodiments are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that systems and methods specifically described herein and illustrated in the accompanying drawings are non-limiting embodiments. The features illustrated or described in connection with one non-limiting embodiment may be combined with the features of other non-limiting embodiments. Such modifications and variations are intended to be included within the scope of the present disclosure.
Reference throughout the specification to “various embodiments,” “some embodiments,” “one embodiment,” “some example embodiments,” “one example embodiment,” or “an embodiment” means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with any embodiment is included in at least one embodiment. Thus, appearances of the phrases “in various embodiments,” “in some embodiments,” “in one embodiment,” “some example embodiments,” “one example embodiment,” or “in an embodiment” in places throughout the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment. Furthermore, the particular features, structures or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.
Described herein are example embodiments of apparatuses, systems, and methods for fluid collection. In one example embodiment, a dual syringe fluid collection system is provided that can isolate a contaminated pre-sample from an uncontaminated fluid sample for testing. In some embodiments, the dual syringe fluid collection system can include a pre-sample syringe that can be selectively detachable from the system. In some embodiments, a selectively detachable pre-sample syringe can be selectively detachable from the system and can be used to provide an autologous infusion back to the patient. Embodiments of a dual syringe fluid collection system can have a “closed system” configuration such that blood or fluid is not expelled through the distal port of the device. Some embodiments can include a fluid collection system having two or more one way valves to facilitate a closed system. Embodiments can include a fluid transfer adapter that can be selectively attached and/or is part of a unitary construction with the fluid collection system.
Referring now to
The transfer device 10 can include a housing 12, an actuator mechanism 14, a first fluid reservoir 16 (also referred to herein as “first reservoir” or “pre-sample reservoir”), and a second fluid reservoir 18 (also referred to herein as “second reservoir” or “sample reservoir”), different from the first fluid reservoir 16. The housing 12 can be any suitable shape, size, or configuration and is described in further detail herein with respect to specific embodiments. As shown in
In example embodiments, the port 20 can include a one-way valve such that fluid flow is unidirectional into the transfer device 10 in the direction shown by the arrows of
As shown in
In certain embodiments, the first reservoir 16 can be housed within a portion of the actuator mechanism 14 and can be configured to draw any suitable fluid, such as waste blood or a pre-sample, from a patient. The first reservoir 16 can be defined by any suitable structure or combination of structures such as, for example, a pre-sample syringe having a plunger and a threaded distal end that is selectively coupled with a one-way valve. The pre-sample syringe can be used to draw fluid, such as waste blood, into the first reservoir 16, where the pre-sample syringe defining the first reservoir 16 can be selectively removable from the actuator mechanism 14.
There are many circumstances in which it may be advantageous to selectively detach the first reservoir 16 from the transfer device 10. For example, in neonatal applications it may be desirable to return the “waste” blood or pre-sample to the patient after removal of a sample. Providing a selectively removable first reservoir 16 in the form of a selectively detachable pre-sample syringe can allow for this waste or pre-sample to be drawn, an uncontaminated sample to be subsequently drawn, and then the pre-sample is returned to the patient in an autologous transfusion. Any suitable mechanism to remove the pre-sample from the first reservoir 16 is contemplated where, for example, the pre-sample syringe can include a plunger that can be used to expel the fluid. There may not be a need to return the pre-sample to most adults, but there may still be opportunities where accessing or returning the pre-sample is desirable. For example, in patients having certain autoimmune diseases it may be desirable to return even the smallest amount of blood in an autologous transfusion. For both adult and neonatal applications it may be desirable to test or otherwise use the pre-sample instead of simply discarding this fluid with the transfer device 10. For neonatal applications it will be appreciated that the pre-sample syringe or other container can be heparinized or the like to reduce potentially hazardous clotting factors.
The second reservoir 18 can be at least partially defined by a set of walls of the housing 12 that define the inner volume 22. For example, the second reservoir 18 can be a cavity defined by the distal end or plunger of the actuator mechanism 14 and the housing 12, where the plunger and housing 12 can cooperate to form a substantially fluidically sealed chamber. The second reservoir 18 can have a variable volume, where drawing the actuator mechanism 14 proximally can correspondingly increase the volume of the second reservoir 18. A portion of the piston or plunger can form a substantially fluid tight seal with the walls of the housing 12 defining the inner volume 22. In this manner, the housing 12 and the actuator mechanism 14 can collectively form a sealed, air-tight cavity (e.g., a syringe) such that the actuator mechanism 14 (or at least a portion of the actuator mechanism 14) can be configured to introduce or otherwise facilitate the development of a vacuum within the inner volume 22.
The actuator mechanism 14 can have any suitable shape, size, or configuration and can include any suitable number or type of components. For example, in some embodiments, the shape and size of at least a portion of the actuator mechanism 14, such as the outer portion, can substantially correspond to the shape and size of the walls of the housing 12 defining the inner volume 22. As described above, at least a portion of the actuator mechanism 14 can be movably disposed within the inner volume 22 of the housing 12. For example, in some embodiments, a distal end portion of the actuator mechanism 14 can be disposed within the inner volume 22 of the housing 12 and a proximal end portion of the actuator mechanism 14 can be disposed substantially outside the housing 12. In such embodiments, a user can engage the proximal end portion of the actuator mechanism 14 to move the portion of the actuator mechanism 14 disposed within the inner volume 22 proximally to draw fluid into the second reservoir 18.
In some embodiments, the actuator mechanism 14 can include a first member and a second member. The first member and the second member can be collectively moved within the inner volume 22 of the housing 12. In addition, the first member and the second member can be configured to move independently within the housing 12. Similarly stated, the first member can be moved relative to the second member and/or the second member can be moved relative the first member, as further described herein with respect to specific embodiments. In some embodiments, the first member and/or the second member can form a piston or plunger configured to move within the inner volume 22. In one embodiment the first member is a first pre-sample syringe and the second member cooperates with the housing 12 to function as a second syringe. Such a system can be described as a “dual syringe” system.
The first reservoir 16 can be any suitable reservoir for containing the bodily-fluid. For example, in some embodiments, the first reservoir 16 can be defined by an internal syringe, such as a pre-sample syringe, comprising the first member of the actuator mechanism 14. In some embodiments, the first reservoir 16 can be a pre-sample reservoir. The first reservoir 16 can be selectively placed in fluid communication with the housing 12 or the actuator mechanism 14. The first reservoir 16 and/or the first member (e.g., a pre-sample syringe) can be selectively detachable from the actuator mechanism 14.
The first reservoir 16 can be sized to receive and contain the first, predetermined amount of the bodily-fluid. During use, the first member (e.g., a pre-sample syringe) of the actuator mechanism can define a first fluid flow path 24 to fluidically couple the port 20 of the housing 12 to the first reservoir 16. In some embodiments, a portion of the actuator mechanism 14, such as the plunger of the pre-sample syringe, can be urged proximally and can introduce a vacuum that facilitates the flow of the bodily-fluid through the first fluid flow path 24 and into the first reservoir 16. The first reservoir 16 can be designed and sized to retain the first amount of the bodily-fluid such that the first amount is fluidically isolated from a second amount of the bodily-fluid (different than the first amount of bodily-fluid) that is subsequently withdrawn from the patient.
In certain embodiments, the actuator mechanism 14 and the first reservoir 16 can be sized and configured with a pre-set amount of pre-sample that will be withdrawn during a collection procedure. Such a pre-set embodiment may be desirable when a consistent amount of “waste” or pre-sample is withdrawn during most or all blood collection procedures. For example, the actuator mechanism 14 and first reservoir 16 can be size to receive about 3 ml of fluid, about 5 ml of fluid, or any other suitable amount of fluid. In alternate embodiments, it may be desirable to provide a user-selectable volume of pre-sample or “waste” fluid. For example, in neonatal applications it may be desirable to withdraw 1 ml or less of fluid, whereas for a larger adult it may be desirable to withdraw from about 3 ml to about 5 ml of waste blood. Examples of such embodiments will be described in more detail herein where, for example, a clinician can establish a desired pre-sample volume before a procedure and/or can adjust the volume of the sample taken during the collection procedure.
The second reservoir 18 can be any suitable reservoir and can be configured to receive and contain the second amount of the bodily-fluid. In some embodiments, the second reservoir 18 can be defined by a portion of the walls of the housing 12 defining the inner volume 22 and a portion of the actuator mechanism 14. In this manner, when the actuator mechanism 14 is in the second configuration, a portion of the actuator mechanism 14 and a portion of the housing 12 can define a second fluid flow path 26 to fluidically couple the port 20 to the second reservoir 18. It will be appreciated the first and second fluid flow paths 24, 26 can pass initially through the same lumen of the port 20. In some embodiments, the movement of the actuator mechanism 14 proximally can be such that a second vacuum force facilitates the flow of the bodily-fluid through the second fluid flow path 26 and into the second reservoir 18. The second amount of bodily-fluid can be an amount withdrawn from the patient subsequent to withdrawal of the first amount. In some embodiments, the second reservoir 18 is configured to contain the second amount of the bodily-fluid such that the second amount is fluidically isolated from the first amount of the bodily-fluid.
As described above, the transfer device 10 can be used to transfer a bodily-fluid from a patient to the first reservoir 16 and/or second reservoir 18 included in the transfer device 10. More specifically, the flow of the first amount of bodily-fluid transferred to the first reservoir 16 can be such that undesirable microbes, pathogens, contaminants, saline used to flush a central line, heparin used to flush a central line, or the like, become entrained in the flow and are transferred to the first reservoir 16. The first reservoir 16 can fluidically isolate the first amount such that when the subsequent second amount is withdrawn into the second reservoir 18, the second amount is substantially free from such contaminants.
In some embodiments, the transfer device 10 can be configured such that the first amount of bodily-fluid must be conveyed to the first reservoir 16 before the transfer device 10 will permit the flow of the second amount of bodily-fluid conveyed through the second flow path 26 to the second reservoir 18. In such embodiments, the transfer device 10 can be characterized as requiring compliance by a health care practitioner regarding the collection of the first, predetermined amount (e.g., a pre-sample) prior to collection of the second amount (e.g., a sample) of bodily-fluid. Similarly stated, the transfer device 10 can be configured to prevent a health care practitioner from collecting the second amount, or the sample, of bodily-fluid into the second reservoir 18 without first diverting the first amount, or pre-sample, of bodily-fluid into the first reservoir 16. In this manner, the health care practitioner is prevented from including (whether intentionally or unintentionally) the first amount of bodily-fluid, which is more likely to contain microbes and/or other undesirable contaminants, in the bodily-fluid sample to be used for analysis. In other embodiments, the fluid transfer device 10 need not include a forced-compliance feature or component.
In some embodiments, the actuator mechanism 14 can be configured to expel or dispense the bodily fluid retained within the second reservoir 18. It may be desirable, for example, to provide an efficient mechanism in which to transfer the sample blood from the second reservoir 18 into a collection receptacle or the like for testing. In one embodiment, the first fluid reservoir 16 can maintain the first amount of bodily-fluid in fluid isolation and the second fluid reservoir 18 can be maintained in fluid communication with the port 20. When the actuator mechanism 14 is moved distally the transfer device 10 can transfer a portion of the second amount of the bodily-fluid from the second reservoir 18 to any suitable container (e.g., a vile, a test tube, a petri dish, a culture medium, a test apparatus, or the like) such that the portion of the second amount of bodily-fluid can be tested.
In alternate embodiments, it may be advantageous to close or seal the port 20 such that the sample from the second reservoir 18 cannot be expelled through the port 20 or the distal end of the transfer device 10. Such embodiments can represent a “closed system” that can reduce the likelihood that a sample is contaminated and/or the number of cap entries that may be required during a procedure. In one embodiment of such a “closed system”, the port 20 can include a one-way valve that permits the inflow of fluid during the collection procedure, but prevents fluid, including the sample, from being expelled through the port 20. In order to access the sample within the second reservoir 18 a portion of the actuator mechanism 14, such as the first member (including first reservoir 16 and/or the pre-sample syringe), can be selectively removed from the transfer device 10 by threadedly disengaging the pre-sample syringe from a one-way valve coupled with the actuator mechanism 14. Subsequently, a fluid transfer adapter (e.g., a BD VACUTAINER LUER-LOK Access Device having a pre-attached multiple sample adapter) can be threadedly engaged with the one-way valve associated with the actuator mechanism 14. The fluid transfer adapter can be positioned at least partially within the inner volume 22 defined by the housing 12. After the fluid transfer adapter is attached to the one-way valve of the actuator mechanism 14 a fluid collection receptacle can be engaged with the fluid transfer adapter to receive the contents of the second reservoir 18. To actively fill the container with the sample from the second reservoir 18 the clinician can advance the actuator mechanism 14 distally, which can result in the fluid from the second reservoir 18 flowing through the proximal end of the second reservoir and into the fluid collection receptacle. In such a system the sample from the second reservoir 18 is expelled from the proximal end rather than the distal end of the of the transfer device 10.
In alternate embodiments, it may be beneficial to incorporate a fluid transfer adapter as described above directly into the transfer device 10 such that the fluid transfer adapter does not need to be manually attached by a clinician. Such a fluid transfer adapter can be monolithically formed in a unitary, one piece construction with the actuator mechanism 14. Such embodiments can provide a “closed system”, where the sample fluid is expelled from the proximal end of the transfer device 10, in an efficient manner that reduces the likelihood of accidental needlesticks, the number of cap entries associated with CVC lines, and a reduced likelihood of contamination.
As shown in
The port 120 can be any suitable shape, size, or configuration. For example, in some embodiments, at least a portion of the port 120 can form a lock mechanism configured to be physically and fluidically coupled to a Central Venous Catheter (CVC) line, a PICC lines, a needle, a cannula, or other lumen-containing device. For example, in some embodiments, the port 120 can be a LUER-LOK or similar locking mechanism that can be configured to physically and fluidically couple to a CVC line (not shown). In other embodiments, the port 120 can be monolithically formed in a unitary, one piece construction with at least a portion of the lumen-containing device. In this manner, the port 120 can be placed in fluid communication with a lumen defined by the lumen-defining device and to receive the bodily-fluid from a patient when the lumen-defining device is disposed within the patient. In some embodiments, where relatively large syringes are used, it may be advantageous to provide a longer port or an extension from the port such that pressure induced by the larger syringe does not collapse a patient's line. The port and/or extension can be from about 0.5 inches to about 2 inches, from about 1 inch to about 1.5 inches, or any suitable length.
The actuator mechanism 114 can be disposed within the inner volume 122 and can be movable, translatable, or transitionable between a first configuration (e.g., a distal position relative to the housing 112) and a second configuration (e.g., a proximal position relative to the housing 112). The movement of the actuator mechanism 114 relative to the housing 112 can move the transfer device 110 between a number of different configurations and positions, as further described herein. The actuator mechanism 114 can include a first member 134 and a second member 136. The first member 134 of the actuator mechanism 114 can include a plunger 144 and a pre-sample syringe body 138 that can define an inner volume 142 therebetween. At least a portion of the inner volume 142 can be configured to define the first fluid reservoir 116, as further described herein. The plunger 144 can include a plunger seal 140 that can fluidically seal the first fluid reservoir 116.
The pre-sample syringe body 138 can include an open proximal end such that the plunger 144 can be movably disposed within the inner volume 142. The plunger 144 can include one or a plurality of protrusions 146 or projections that can extend radially or laterally outward from a plunger shaft 148 such that the one or a plurality of protrusions 146 can be configured to selectively engage a stop 150 positioned on the inner surface of the pre-sample syringe body 138. The one or a plurality of protrusions 146 can be fixedly coupled or coupleable with the stop 150, where the protrusions 146 can engage the stop 150 in a snap fit, such that the plunger 144 and the pre-sample syringe body 138 are locked such that relative movement between the components cannot occur. It will be appreciated that any suitable mechanism of engagement is contemplated, including reversing the illustrated components, where such engagement can result in a fixed or selectively detachable coupling.
The distal end portion of the first member 134 can include an attachment element 152, such as a LUER-LOK or similar locking or coupling mechanism, that can be configured to selectively physically and fluidically couple the first member 134 with the second member 136. The attachment element 152 can be threadedly engaged with the second member such that rotation of the first member 134 (e.g., 90 degrees in a clockwise direction) will disengage the first member 134 from the 136. The attachment element 152 can include a port which can, for example, be similar in construction and operation to port 120 described herein. It will be appreciated that the attachment element 152 can be selectively attached and decoupled from the second member 136 in any suitable manner such as, for example, with a threaded engagement, a snap fit, and friction fit, a user-accessible locking mechanism, or the like.
The second member 136 can include a plunger seal 154 that can form a friction fit with the inner surface of the walls defining the inner volume 122 when the actuator mechanism 114 is disposed within the housing 112. Similarly stated, the plunger seal 154 can define a fluidic seal with the inner surface of the walls defining the inner volume 122 such that a portion of the inner volume 122 distal of the plunger seal 154 is fluidically isolated from a portion of the inner volume 122 proximal of the plunger seal 154. The plunger seal 154 can define a channel 156 that that can extend through a distal end and a proximal end of the plunger seal 154. A portion of an inner set of walls defining the channel 156 can accept a valve seat 158. In this manner, a portion of the channel 156 can receive a valve 160 that is in contact with the valve seat 158. The valve 160 can include a threaded proximal end 162 that can selectively engage the attachment element 152 of the first member 134 as described herein.
The valve 160 can be any suitable valve. For example, in some embodiments, the valve 160 can be a one-way check valve to allow a flow of a fluid from a distal end of the valve 160 to a proximal end of the valve 160, but substantially not allow a flow of the fluid from the proximal end to the distal end. The valve 160 can be disposed within the channel 156 and can be in contact with the valve seat 158 such that the valve 160 forms a substantially fluid tight seal with the walls defining the channel 156. In some embodiments, the valve 160 can form a friction fit with walls defining the channel 156. In other embodiments, the valve 160 can form a threaded coupling or the like with at least a portion of the walls. The valve 160 can also include a seal member configured to engage the valve seat 158 to form at least a portion of the fluid tight seal.
As described above, the second member 136 can be movably disposed within the housing 112. More specifically, the second member 251 can be movable between a first position (e.g., a distal position) and a second position (e.g., a proximal position) to create a vacuum or negative pressure to draw a sample into the second fluid reservoir 118. The pre-sample syringe body 138 can include a radial projection 164 that extends in a lateral direction to selectively engage a protrusion 166 of the housing 112. In this manner, the radial projection of the actuator mechanism 114 and the protrusion 166 of the housing 112 can be placed in contact to substantially limit a proximal movement of the second member 136 relative to the housing 112. The relative position of the radial projection 164 and the protrusion 166 can be set such that the second member 136 can be urged proximally to a pre-set fill volume for the second fluid reservoir 118. Additionally or alternatively the radial projection 164 and the protrusion 166 can be positioned and cooperate to prevent the actuator mechanism 114 from being removed proximally from the housing 112.
In use, with reference to
With the port 120 coupled to the lumen-defining device, a user (e.g., a phlebotomist, a nurse, a technician, a physician, or the like) can move the transfer device 110 from a first configuration to a second configuration. More specifically, the user can grasp an engagement portion 168 of the plunger 144 to move the plunger seal 140 proximally to create negative pressure or a vacuum within the first fluid reservoir 116. As shown in
The arrangement of the plunger 144 within the pre-sample syringe body 138 is such that the proximal motion of the plunger 144 increases the volume of the portion of the inner volume 142 that is distal of the plunger seal 140, such that the first fluid reservoir 116 is defined. With the plunger seal 140 forming a fluid tight seal with the inner surface of the walls defining the inner volume 142, the increase of volume can produce a negative pressure within the first fluid reservoir 116.
As shown in
In some embodiments, the magnitude of the suction force can be modulated by increasing or decreasing the amount of a force applied to the plunger 144. For example, in some embodiments, it can be desirable to limit the amount of suction force introduced to a vein. In such embodiments, the user can reduce the amount of force applied to the engagement portion 168. In this manner, the rate of change (e.g., the increase) in the volume of the first fluid reservoir 116 can be sufficiently slow to allow time for the negative pressure differential between the vein and the fluid reservoir to come to equilibrium before further increasing the volume of the first fluid reservoir 116. Thus, the magnitude of the suction force can be modulated.
While in the second configuration, the transfer device 110 can be configured to transfer a desired amount (e.g., a predetermined amount or a user-selected amount) of bodily-fluid to the first fluid reservoir 116. In some embodiments, the first, predetermined amount can substantially correspond to the size of the first fluid reservoir 116. In other embodiments, the first amount can substantially correspond to an equalization of pressure within the first fluid reservoir 116 and the portion of the patient. Moreover, in such embodiments, the equalization of the pressure can be such that the valve 160 is allowed to return to the closed configuration. Thus, the first fluid reservoir 116 is fluidically isolated from a volume substantially outside the first fluid reservoir 116.
With the first amount fluidically isolated, the actuator mechanism 114 can be moved from the second configuration to a third configuration by further moving the plunger 144 in the proximal direction. As shown in
The arrangement of the second member 136 within the inner volume 122 of the housing 112 is such that the proximal motion of the first member 134 and second member 136 increases the volume of the portion of the inner volume 122 that is distal of the plunger seal 154, such that the second fluid reservoir 118 is defined. With the plunger seal 154 forming a fluid tight seal with the inner surface of the walls defining the inner volume 122 and with the valve 160 in the closed configuration, the increase of volume can produce a negative pressure within the second fluid reservoir 118.
As shown in
As shown in
With reference to
As shown in
As shown in
As illustrated in
During use, the clinician may have a target amount of fluid that it is desirable to draw into the first fluid reservoir 116. For example, in certain neonatal situations where it is preferable to take the smallest amount of “waste” volume necessary, a clinician may wish to set the first member 134 such that only 1 ml of fluid is collected. In this example, where the aperture 197 can correspond to 1 ml of fluid, the clinician can draw the plunger 144 proximally until the outwardly biased pin 194 engages the first aperture 196. Once the pin 194 has engaged the first aperture 196 the first member and the second member can be coupled such that they move concomitantly as discussed herein. If the clinician desires a greater volume, such as 3 ml to be drawn, the clinician could depress the pin 194 positioned in the first aperture 196 while pulling proximally on the plunger 144 such that the pin 194 advance proximally and subsequently engages the second aperture 197. This step can be repeated to engage the pin 194 with the third aperture 198 in the same manner. Such a system can be used to draw a variable amount of fluid with a single device, where the clinician has control over the amount drawn without requiring multiple different devices. Should the fluid within the first fluid reservoir 116 be desirable for an autologous transfusion the pin 194 can be depressed while pushing distally on the plunger 144 to expel the fluid. The apertures 196, 197, 198 can have a substantially linear arrangement, as illustrated, or can be rotationally staggered about the pre-sample syringe body 138. In a staggered relationship it may be possible for the clinician to rotate the plunger 144 relative to the pre-sample syringe body 138 to align the desired aperture with the pin on the first engagement.
During use, the clinician may have a target amount of fluid that it is desirable to draw into the first fluid reservoir 116. For example, in certain neonatal situations where it is preferable to take the smallest amount of “waste” volume necessary, a clinician may wish to set the first member 134 such that only 0.5 ml of fluid is collected. In this example, where the first projection 100 can correspond to 0.5 ml of fluid, the clinician can rotate the plunger 144 until the first projection 100 is aligned with the stop 104 and draw the plunger 144 proximally. Once the first projection 100 has engaged the stop 150, the first member and the second member can be coupled such that they move concomitantly as discussed herein. If the clinician desires a greater volume, such as 3 ml for example, the clinician can rotate the plunger 144 to align the third projection 102 with the stop 104 and urge the plunger 144 proximally. Such a system can be used to draw a variable amount of fluid with a single device, where the clinician has control over the amount drawn without requiring multiple different devices. Should the fluid within the first fluid reservoir 116 be desirable for an autologous transfusion, or for testing, the plunger 144 can simply be advanced distally to expel the fluid. It will be appreciated that any suitable number of steps having any suitable arrangement and shape are contemplated.
As shown in
In some embodiments, the port 220 can be monolithically formed with the housing 212 (e.g., as shown in
The port 220 and distal valve 221 can have any suitable shape, size, or configuration. For example, in some embodiments, at least a portion of the port 220 can form a lock mechanism configured to be physically and fluidically coupled to a Central Venous Catheter (CVC) line, a PICC line, a needle, a cannula, or other lumen-containing device. For example, in some embodiments, the port 220 can be a LUER-LOK or similar locking mechanism that can be configured to physically and fluidically couple to a CVC line (not shown). In other embodiments, the port 220 and/or distal valve 221 can be monolithically formed in a unitary, one piece construction with at least a portion of the lumen-containing device. In this manner, the port 220 and/or distal valve 221 can be placed in fluid communication with a lumen defined by the lumen-defining device and to receive the bodily-fluid from a patient when the lumen-defining device is disposed within the patient.
The actuator mechanism 214 can be disposed within the inner volume 222 and can be movable between a first position (e.g., a distal position relative to the housing 212) and a second position (e.g., a proximal position relative to the housing 212). The movement of the actuator mechanism 214 relative to the housing 212 can move the transfer device 210 between a number of different configurations and positions, as further described herein. The actuator mechanism 214 can include a first member 234 and a second member 236. The first member 234 of the actuator mechanism 214 can include a plunger 244 and a pre-sample syringe body 238 that can define an inner volume 242 therebetween. At least a portion of the inner volume 242 can be configured to define the first fluid reservoir 216, as further described herein. The plunger 244 can include a plunger seal 240 that can fluidically seal the first fluid reservoir 216.
The pre-sample syringe body 238 can include an open proximal end such that the plunger 244 can be movably disposed within the inner volume 242. The plunger 244 can include one or a plurality of protrusions 246 that can extend radially or laterally outward from a plunger shaft 248 such that the one or a plurality of protrusions 246 can be configured to selectively engage a stop 250 positioned on the inner surface of the pre-sample syringe body 238. The one or a plurality of protrusions 246 can be fixedly coupled with the stop 250, where the protrusions 246 can engage the stop 250 in a snap fit, such that the plunger 244 and the pre-sample syringe body 238 are locked such that relative movement between the components cannot occur. It will be appreciated that any suitable mechanism of engagement is contemplated, including reversing the illustrated components, where such engagement can result in a fixed or selectively detachable coupling.
The distal end portion of the first member 234 can include an attachment element 252, such as a LUER-LOK or similar locking or coupling mechanism, that can be configured to selectively physically and fluidically couple the first member 234 with the second member 236. The attachment element 252 can be threadedly engaged with the second member 236 such that rotation of the first member 234 (e.g., 90 degrees in a clockwise direction) will disengage the first member 234 from the second member 236. The attachment element 252 can include a port which can, for example, be similar in construction and operation to port 220 described herein. It will be appreciated that the attachment element 252 can be selectively attached and decoupled from the second member 236 in any suitable manner such as, for example, with a threaded engagement, a snap fit, and friction fit, a user-accessible locking mechanism, or the like.
The second member 236 can include a plunger seal 254 that can form a friction fit with the inner surface of the walls defining the inner volume 222 when the actuator mechanism 214 is disposed within the housing 212. Similarly stated, the plunger seal 254 can define a fluidic seal with the inner surface of the walls defining the inner volume 222 such that a portion of the inner volume 222 distal of the plunger seal 254 is fluidically isolated from a portion of the inner volume 222 proximal of the plunger seal 254. The plunger seal 254 can define a channel 256 that that can extend through a distal end and a proximal end of the plunger seal 254. A portion of an inner set of walls defining the channel 256 can accept a valve seat 258. In this manner, a portion of the channel 256 can receive a valve 260 that is in contact with the valve seat 258. The valve 260 can include a threaded proximal end 262 that can selectively engage the attachment element 252 of the first member 234 as described herein.
The valve 260 can be any suitable valve. For example, in some embodiments, the valve 260 can be a one-way check valve to allow a flow of a fluid from a distal end of the valve 260 to a proximal end of the valve 260, but substantially not allow a flow of the fluid from the proximal end to the distal end. In one embodiment, the valve 260 and the distal valve 221 have the same construction and direction of permissible fluid flow. The valve 260 can be disposed within the channel 256 and can be in contact with the valve seat 258 such that the valve 260 forms a substantially fluid tight seal with the walls defining the channel 256. In some embodiments, the valve 260 can form a friction fit with walls defining the channel 256. In other embodiments, the valve 260 can form a threaded coupling or the like with at least a portion of the walls. The valve 260 can also include a seal member configured to engage the valve seat 258 to form at least a portion of the fluid tight seal.
As described above, the second member 236 can be movably disposed within the housing 212. More specifically, the second member 236 can be movable between a first position (e.g., a distal position) and a second position (e.g., a proximal position) to create a vacuum or negative pressure to draw a sample into the second fluid reservoir 218. The pre-sample syringe body 238 can include a radial projection 264 that extends in a lateral direction to selectively engage a protrusion 266 of the housing 212. In this manner, the radial projection of the actuator mechanism 214 and the protrusion 266 of the housing 212 can be placed in contact to substantially limit a proximal movement of the second member 236 relative to the housing 212. The relative position of the radial projection 264 and the protrusion 266 can be set such that the second member 236 can be urged proximally to a pre-set fill volume for the second fluid reservoir 218. Additionally or alternatively the radial projection 264 and the protrusion 266 can be positioned and cooperate to prevent the entire actuator mechanism 214 from being removed proximally from the housing 212, but as described herein it may be desirable to remove at least a portion of the actuator mechanism 214 during the fluid transfer process.
In use, as shown in
With the port 220 coupled to the lumen-defining device, a user (e.g., a phlebotomist, a nurse, a technician, a physician, or the like) can move the transfer device 210 from a first configuration to a second configuration. More specifically, the user can grasp an engagement portion 268 of the plunger 244 to move the plunger seal 240 proximally to create negative pressure or a vacuum within the first fluid reservoir 216. As shown in
The arrangement of the plunger 244 within the pre-sample syringe body 238 can be such that the proximal motion of the plunger 244 increases the volume of the portion of the inner volume 242 that is distal of the plunger seal 240, such that the first fluid reservoir 216 is defined. With the plunger seal 240 forming a fluid tight seal with the inner surface of the walls defining the inner volume 242, the increase of volume can produce a negative pressure within the first fluid reservoir 216.
As shown in
In some embodiments, the magnitude of the suction force can be modulated by increasing or decreasing the amount of a force applied to the plunger 244. For example, in some embodiments, it can be desirable to limit the amount of suction force introduced to a vein. In such embodiments, the user can reduce the amount of force applied to the engagement portion 268. In this manner, the rate of change (e.g., the increase) in the volume of the first fluid reservoir 216 can be sufficiently slow to allow time for the negative pressure differential between the vein and the fluid reservoir to come to equilibrium before further increasing the volume of the first fluid reservoir 216. Thus, the magnitude of the suction force can be modulated.
While in the second configuration, the transfer device 210 can be configured to transfer a desired amount (e.g., a predetermined amount or a user-selected amount) of bodily-fluid transferred to the first fluid reservoir 216. In some embodiments, the first, predetermined amount can substantially correspond to the size of the first fluid reservoir 216. In other embodiments, the first amount can substantially correspond to an equalization of pressure within the first fluid reservoir 216 and the portion of the patient. Moreover, in such embodiments, the equalization of the pressure can be such that the valve 260 and distal valve 221 are allowed to return to the closed configuration. Thus, the first fluid reservoir 216 can be fluidically isolated from a volume substantially outside the first fluid reservoir 216.
With the first amount is fluidically isolated, the actuator mechanism 214 can be moved from the second configuration to a third configuration by further moving the plunger 244 in the proximal direction. For example, as shown in
The arrangement of the second member 236 within the inner volume 222 of the housing 212 is such that the proximal motion of the first member 234 and second member 236 can increase the volume of the portion of the inner volume 222 that is distal of the plunger seal 254, such that the second fluid reservoir 218 is defined. With the plunger seal 254 forming a fluid tight seal with the inner surface of the walls defining the inner volume 222 and with the valve 160 and distal valve 221 in the closed configuration, the increase of volume can produce a negative pressure within the second fluid reservoir 218.
As shown in
In some embodiments, with the desired amount of bodily-fluid disposed within the second fluid reservoir 218, the transfer device 210 can be removed from the patient, where fluid from the second fluid reservoir 218 can ultimately be expelled into a container (e.g., a vile, a test tube, a petri dish, a culture medium, a test apparatus, a cartridge designed for use with an automated, rapid microbial detection system, or the like). The withdrawn bodily-fluid can be used for any number of testing processes or procedures such as, for example, blood culture testing, real-time diagnostics, and/or PCR-based approaches.
To expel fluid, as shown in
The fluid transfer adapter 270 can be any suitable fluid transfer device or component. In one embodiment, the fluid transfer adapter 270 can be a BD VACUTAINER LUER-LOK access device. The fluid transfer adapter 270 can include a needle assembly 274 for collecting multiple samples of fluid from a patient with an anti-backflow valve. The fluid transfer adapter 270 can facilitate the transfer of the sample from the second fluid reservoir 218 into a vacuum collection device 299 or any other suitable container or the like. The fluid transfer adapter 270 can include a housing 276, a needle assembly 274 retained within a cavity defined by the housing 276, where the needle assembly 274 can include a shrouded needle cannula 278 for penetration of a vacuum collection device 299 for collection of a blood sample.
As shown in
As shown in
The port 320 can be any suitable shape, size, or configuration. For example, in some embodiments, at least a portion of the port 320 can form a lock mechanism configured to be physically and fluidically coupled to a Central Venous Catheter (CVC) line, a PICC lines, a needle, a cannula, or other lumen-containing device. For example, in some embodiments, the port 320 can be a LUER-LOK or similar locking mechanism that can be configured to physically and fluidically couple to a CVC line (not shown). In other embodiments, the port 320 can be monolithically formed in a unitary, one piece construction with at least a portion of the lumen-containing device. In this manner, the port 320 can be placed in fluid communication with a lumen defined by the lumen-defining device and to receive the bodily-fluid from a patient when the lumen-defining device is disposed within the patient.
The actuator mechanism 314 can be disposed within the inner volume 322 and at least a portion can be movable between a first configuration (e.g., a proximal position relative to the housing 312) and a second configuration (e.g., a distal position relative to the housing 312). The movement of the actuator mechanism 314 relative to the housing 312 can move the transfer device 310 between a number of different configurations and positions, as further described herein. The actuator mechanism 314 can include a first member 334 and a second member 336. The first member 334 of the actuator mechanism 314 can include a plunger 344, a selectively removable plunger cap 384, and a pre-sample container 338 that can define a first fluid reservoir 316. The pre-sample container 338 can be, for example, a VACUTAINER blood collection tube having a sterile glass tube with a colored rubber stopper for creating a vacuum seal inside of the pre-sample container 338. The pre-sample container 338 can facilitate the draw of a predetermined volume of liquid and can be fluidically sealed to define the first fluid reservoir 316. In certain embodiments, the first fluid reservoir can have a defined volume. The plunger 344 can initially be configured to translate relative to the selectively removable plunger cap 384.
The pre-sample container 338 can include a closed proximal end that can be engaged by a portion of the plunger 344, such as a distal end of the plunger 144, such that distal actuation of the plunger 344 can correspondingly advance the pre-sample container 338 distally where, for example, the distal end of the plunger 144 can be operably coupled or connected with the pre-sample container 338. The plunger 344 can include one or a plurality of protrusions 346 (or at least one projection) that can extend radially or laterally outward from a first plunger flange 348 at the proximal end of the plunger 344 such that the one or a plurality of protrusions 346 can be configured to mate with a catch 350 positioned on a proximal end 380 of the selectively removable plunger cap 384. The one or a plurality of protrusions 346 can be fixedly coupled with the catch 350, where the protrusions 346 can engage the catch 350 in a snap fit, such that the plunger 344 and selectively removable plunger cap 384 are locked such that relative movement between the components cannot occur. In this manner, the one or a plurality of protrusions 346 and the catch 350 can be placed in contact to substantially limit a proximal movement of the plunger 344 relative to the selectively removable plunger cap 384 once the one or a plurality of protrusions 346 have engaged the catch 350. The relative position of the one or a plurality of protrusions 346 can be set such that the first member 334 can be urged distally to securely engage a shrouded cannula assembly 355 of the second member 336 as will be described in more detail herein. It will be appreciated that any suitable mechanism of engagement is contemplated, including reversing the illustrated components, where such engagement can result in a fixed or selectively detachable coupling.
The second member 336 can include a plunger seal 354 that can form a friction fit with the inner surface of the walls defining the inner volume 322 when the actuator mechanism 314 is disposed within the housing 312. Similarly stated, the plunger seal 354 can define a fluidic seal with the inner surface of the walls defining the inner volume 322 such that a portion of the inner volume 322 distal of the plunger seal 354 is fluidically isolated from a portion of the inner volume 322 proximal of the plunger seal 354. The plunger seal 354 can define a channel 356 that that can extend through a distal end and a proximal end of the plunger seal 354. A portion of an inner set of walls defining the channel 356 can accept a valve seat 358. In this manner, a portion of the channel 356 can receive a valve 360 that is in contact with the valve seat 358. The valve 360 can include a threaded proximal end 362 that can selectively engage an attachment element 352 on a threaded plunger tube 353. The threaded plunger tube 353 can include a shrouded cannula assembly 355 that can be fixedly coupled with the threaded plunger tube 353 and can project proximally into a cavity defined by the threaded plunger tube 353. The threaded plunger tube 353 of the second member 336 can be threadedly engaged with the selectively removable plunger cap 384 such that the first member 334 can be disengaged from the second member 336. It will be appreciated that any suitable engagement between the removable cap and the plunger tube is contemplated including, for example, a snap fit, a latch, a push fit, a rotational locking mechanism, an outwardly biased flexible hinge that engages a stop, or the like. For example, the removable cap can include a first coupling member that can engage a second coupling member of the plunger tube.
The valve 360 can be any suitable valve. For example, in some embodiments, the valve 360 can be a one-way check valve to allow a flow of a fluid from a distal end of the valve 360 to a proximal end of the valve 360, but substantially not allow a flow of the fluid from the proximal end to the distal end. The valve 360 can be disposed within the channel 356 and can be in contact with the valve seat 358 such that the valve 360 forms a substantially fluid tight seal with the walls defining the channel 356. In some embodiments, the valve 360 can form a friction fit with walls defining the channel 356. In other embodiments, the valve 360 can form a threaded coupling or the like with at least a portion of the walls. The valve 360 can also include a seal member configured to engage the valve seat 358 to form at least a portion of the fluid tight seal.
As described above, the second member 336 can be movably disposed within the housing 312. More specifically, the second member 336 can be movable between a second configuration (e.g., a distal position) and a third position (e.g., a proximal position) to create a vacuum or negative pressure to draw a sample into the second fluid reservoir 318.
In use, as shown in
As shown in
The arrangement of the plunger 344 within the pre-sample container 338 can be such that the proximal motion of the plunger 344 can facilitate engagement between the pre-sample container 338 and the cannula 359 such that access to the first fluid reservoir 316 provided. For example, the cannula 359 can pierce the distal stopper 340 such that the cannula is in fluid communication with the first fluid reservoir 316. With the distal stopper 340 forming a fluid tight seal around the cannula 359, the negative pressure within the pre-sample container 338 can draw fluid into the first fluid reservoir 316.
As shown in
While in the second configuration, the transfer device 310 can be configured to transfer a desired amount (e.g., a predetermined amount or a user-selected amount) of bodily-fluid transferred to the first fluid reservoir 316. In some embodiments, the first, predetermined amount can substantially correspond to the size of the first fluid reservoir 316. In other embodiments, the first amount can substantially correspond to an equalization of pressure within the first fluid reservoir 316 and the portion of the patient. Moreover, in such embodiments, the equalization of the pressure can be such that the valve 360 is allowed to return to the closed configuration.
With the first amount fluidically isolated, the actuator mechanism 314 can be moved from the second configuration to a third configuration by moving the selectively removable plunger cap 384 and coupled plunger 344 in the proximal direction. For example, as shown in
The arrangement of the second member 336 within the inner volume 322 of the housing 312 can be such that the proximal motion of the first member 334 and second member 336 increases the volume of the portion of the inner volume 322 that is distal of the plunger seal 354, such that the second fluid reservoir 318 is defined. With the plunger seal 354 forming a fluid tight seal with the inner surface of the walls defining the inner volume 322 and with the valve 360 in the closed configuration, the increase of volume can produce a negative pressure within the second fluid reservoir 318.
As shown in
To expel fluid, as shown in
The shrouded cannula assembly 355 can be any suitable fluid transfer device or component. In one embodiment, the threaded plunger tube 353 and the shrouded cannula assembly 355 can function in a manner substantially similar to the fluid transfer adapter 270 described with respect to
As shown in
The port 420 can be any suitable shape, size, or configuration. For example, in some embodiments, at least a portion of the port 420 can form a lock mechanism configured to be physically and fluidically coupled to a Central Venous Catheter (CVC) line, a PICC lines, a needle, a cannula, or other lumen-containing device. For example, in some embodiments, the port 420 can be a LUER-LOK or similar locking mechanism that can be configured to physically and fluidically couple to a CVC line (not shown). In other embodiments, the port 420 can be monolithically formed in a unitary, one piece construction with at least a portion of the lumen-containing device. In this manner, the port 420 can be placed in fluid communication with a lumen defined by the lumen-defining device and to receive the bodily-fluid from a patient when the lumen-defining device is disposed within the patient.
The actuator mechanism 414 can be disposed within the inner volume 422 and at least a portion can be movable between a first position (e.g., a distal position relative to the housing 412) and a second position (e.g., a proximal position relative to the housing 412). The movement of the actuator mechanism 414 relative to the housing 412 can move the transfer device 410 between a number of different configurations and positions, as further described herein. The actuator mechanism 414 can include a plunger 444 that can be selectively engaged with a plunger tube 453. In the illustrated embodiment the plunger 444 and the plunger tube 453 can be threadedly engaged, but it will be appreciated that any suitable coupling is contemplated. The plunger tube 453 can be coupled and/or disengaged from the plunger 444 in any suitable manner such as, for example, a snap fit, a latch, a push fit, a rotational locking mechanism, or the like.
The actuator mechanism 414 can include a plunger seal 454 that can form a friction fit with the inner surface of the walls defining the inner volume 422 when the actuator mechanism 414 is disposed within the housing 412. Similarly stated, the plunger seal 454 can define a fluidic seal with the inner surface of the walls defining the inner volume 422 such that a portion of the inner volume 422 distal of the plunger seal 454 is fluidically isolated from a portion of the inner volume 422 proximal of the plunger seal 454. The plunger seal 454 can define a channel 456 that that can extend through a distal end and a proximal end of the plunger seal 454. A portion of an inner set of walls defining the channel 456 can accept a luer adapter 458. The luer adapter 458 can operably couple the plunger seal 454 with the plunger tube 453. In the illustrated embodiment, a valve 460 can be used to couple the plunger tube 453 with the luer adapter 458, where the valve 460 can be a one-way check valve that can prevent fluid from flowing distally out of the valve 460. In embodiments where the valve 460 is unnecessary it may be absent or selectively removable such as by unthreading the valve from the luer adapter 458. The luer adapter 458 can also be monolithically formed in a one-piece, unitary construction with the plunger tube 453. In certain embodiments, the plunger tube 453 can include a distal attachment member 452, which can be a threaded LUER-LOK, for attachment to the luer adapter 458. The plunger tube 453 can include a shrouded cannula assembly 455 that can be fixedly coupled with the plunger tube 453 and can project proximally into a cavity defined by the plunger tube 453.
As described above, the actuator mechanism 414 can be movably disposed within the housing 412. More specifically, the actuator mechanism 414 can be movable between a first configuration (e.g., a distal position) and second configuration (e.g., a proximal position) to create a vacuum or negative pressure to draw a sample into the fluid reservoir 418.
In use, as shown in
With the port 420 coupled to the lumen-defining device, a user (e.g., a phlebotomist, a nurse, a technician, a physician, or the like) can move the transfer device 410 from the first position to the second position. As shown in
As shown in
To expel fluid, the user can first disengage the plunger 444 from the plunger tube 453 such as, for example, by unthreading the plunger 444 from the plunger tube 453. Once the plunger 444 has been detached, as shown in
The foregoing description of embodiments and examples has been presented for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to be exhaustive or limiting to the forms described. Numerous modifications are possible in light of the above teachings. Some of those modifications have been discussed, and others will be understood by those skilled in the art. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best illustrate principles of various embodiments as are suited to particular uses contemplated. The scope is, of course, not limited to the examples set forth herein, but can be employed in any number of applications and equivalent devices by those of ordinary skill in the art. Rather it is hereby intended the scope of the invention to be defined by the claims appended hereto.
This application is a continuation of U.S. Non-Provisional patent application Ser. No. 15/624,467, filed Jun. 15, 2017, which claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/350,341, filed Jun. 15, 2016, which are incorporated by reference herein in their entirety.
Number | Name | Date | Kind |
---|---|---|---|
3739947 | Baumann et al. | Jun 1973 | A |
4340068 | Kaufman | Jul 1982 | A |
4832682 | Sarnoff | May 1989 | A |
5053019 | Duffy | Oct 1991 | A |
5181909 | McFarlane | Jan 1993 | A |
5232439 | Campbell et al. | Aug 1993 | A |
5342313 | Campbell et al. | Aug 1994 | A |
5411482 | Campbell | May 1995 | A |
5423759 | Campbell | Jun 1995 | A |
5472420 | Campbell | Dec 1995 | A |
5545143 | Fischell | Aug 1996 | A |
6017328 | Fischell et al. | Jan 2000 | A |
6074371 | Fischell | Jun 2000 | A |
6768811 | Dinstein et al. | Jul 2004 | B2 |
6997910 | Howlett et al. | Feb 2006 | B2 |
7048720 | Thorne, Jr. et al. | May 2006 | B1 |
7101354 | Thorne, Jr. et al. | Sep 2006 | B2 |
7367358 | Malcolm | May 2008 | B2 |
7896017 | Malcolm | Mar 2011 | B2 |
7998106 | Thorne, Jr. et al. | Aug 2011 | B2 |
8038656 | Lloyd et al. | Oct 2011 | B2 |
8043864 | Stroup | Oct 2011 | B2 |
8119419 | Stroup | Feb 2012 | B2 |
8197420 | Patton | Jun 2012 | B2 |
8231546 | Patton | Jul 2012 | B2 |
8337418 | Patton | Dec 2012 | B2 |
8535241 | Bullington et al. | Sep 2013 | B2 |
8647286 | Patton | Feb 2014 | B2 |
8864684 | Bullington et al. | Oct 2014 | B2 |
8876734 | Patton | Nov 2014 | B2 |
9022950 | Bullington et al. | May 2015 | B2 |
9022951 | Bullington et al. | May 2015 | B2 |
D731643 | Bullington et al. | Jun 2015 | S |
9060724 | Bullington et al. | Jun 2015 | B2 |
9060725 | Bullington et al. | Jun 2015 | B2 |
9149576 | Bullington et al. | Oct 2015 | B2 |
9155495 | Bullington et al. | Oct 2015 | B2 |
9204864 | Bullington et al. | Dec 2015 | B2 |
D794779 | Bullington et al. | Aug 2017 | S |
9718080 | Gonzalez et al. | Aug 2017 | B1 |
9788774 | Bullington et al. | Oct 2017 | B2 |
9788775 | Bullington et al. | Oct 2017 | B2 |
9855001 | Patton | Jan 2018 | B2 |
9855002 | Patton | Jan 2018 | B2 |
9861306 | Patton | Jan 2018 | B2 |
9872645 | Patton | Jan 2018 | B2 |
9931466 | Bullington et al. | Apr 2018 | B2 |
9950084 | Bullington et al. | Apr 2018 | B2 |
9962489 | Hopkins | May 2018 | B2 |
9999383 | Bullington et al. | Jun 2018 | B2 |
10028687 | Patton | Jul 2018 | B2 |
10028688 | Patton | Jul 2018 | B2 |
10028689 | Patton | Jul 2018 | B2 |
10039483 | Bullington et al. | Aug 2018 | B2 |
10045724 | Patton | Aug 2018 | B2 |
10047209 | Yorde et al. | Aug 2018 | B2 |
10052053 | Patton | Aug 2018 | B2 |
10123783 | Bullington et al. | Nov 2018 | B2 |
D841151 | Bullington et al. | Feb 2019 | S |
10194853 | Bullington et al. | Feb 2019 | B2 |
10206613 | Bullington et al. | Feb 2019 | B2 |
10220139 | Bullington et al. | Mar 2019 | B2 |
10251590 | Bullington et al. | Apr 2019 | B2 |
20040122359 | Wenz et al. | Jun 2004 | A1 |
20040171984 | Greenfield | Sep 2004 | A1 |
20070073267 | Muller | Mar 2007 | A1 |
20080082055 | Lloyd et al. | Apr 2008 | A1 |
20100241067 | Magrini et al. | Sep 2010 | A1 |
20100286609 | Mahurkar | Nov 2010 | A1 |
20110009830 | Kosinski et al. | Jan 2011 | A1 |
20120016313 | Nalesso et al. | Jan 2012 | A1 |
20120220950 | Carlyon | Aug 2012 | A1 |
20130274716 | Nelson et al. | Oct 2013 | A1 |
20140074062 | Caffey et al. | Mar 2014 | A1 |
20140163419 | Bullington | Jun 2014 | A1 |
20150025454 | Wetzel et al. | Jan 2015 | A1 |
20160106584 | Andino et al. | Apr 2016 | A1 |
20180056022 | Liu et al. | Mar 2018 | A1 |
20180193564 | Dahmani | Jul 2018 | A1 |
Number | Date | Country |
---|---|---|
10242984 | Sep 2010 | DE |
104791 | Apr 1984 | EP |
2925228 | Sep 2018 | EP |
3046605 | Jan 2019 | EP |
2451510 | Jun 2019 | EP |
2013112579 | Aug 2013 | WO |
2015038281 | Mar 2015 | WO |
Entry |
---|
Stephen Sheehan, Sagent Pharmaceutical's Sequential Syringes, Medgadget (Sep. 29, 2008), https://www.medgadget.com/2008/09/sagent_pharmaceuticals_sequential_syringes_1.html. |
Thomas, Shane; International Search Report and Written Opinion of the International Searching Authority, issued in International Application No. PCT/2017/037788; dated Sep. 6, 2017; 11 pages. |
Thomas, Shane; International Search Report and Written Opinion of the International Searching Authority, issued in International Application No. PCT/2017/037789; dated Sep. 6, 2017; 9 pages. |
European Extended Search Report of the European Patent Office, Issued in European Application No. 17814134.7 dated Jan. 23, 2020; 5 pages. |
European Extended Search Report of the European Patent Office, Issued in European Application No. 17814139.6 dated Jan. 23, 2020; 6 pages. |
Number | Date | Country | |
---|---|---|---|
20180289894 A1 | Oct 2018 | US |
Number | Date | Country | |
---|---|---|---|
62350341 | Jun 2016 | US |
Number | Date | Country | |
---|---|---|---|
Parent | 15624467 | Jun 2017 | US |
Child | 16009009 | US |