Patent Application
20210338991
The subject disclosure relates to a covering, and particularly to a covering material for at least a portion of a catheter.
This section provides background information related to the present disclosure which is not necessarily prior art.
A subject, such as a human patient, may have a condition or ailment for which a treatment may be described. The ailment may include hydrocephalous which generally includes an overproduction of cerebral fluid in the ventricles of the brain and/or an abnormal absorption or outflow of cerebral fluid from the brain. The condition, therefore, may cause an inappropriate or undesirable increase in volume of cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) within the ventricles in the brain and an increased pressure on the brain within the skull.
In various instances a shunt may be implanted into the subject. The shunt may include an inflow catheter positioned within a ventricle of the brain and an outflow catheter positioned at a location remote from the brain. The excess cerebral spinal fluid may, therefore, flow from the ventricle to a selected location in the subject. The flow of the CSF from the ventricle through the inflow and outflow catheters may allow for an appropriate or selected volume of CSF within the brain to achieve a selected pressure on the brain within the skull. Over a period of time, however, the inflow or outflow catheter may become obstructed with material and require revision to ensure proper or selected operation of the shunt system.
This section provides a general summary of the disclosure, and is not a comprehensive disclosure of its full scope or all of its features.
A catheter may be positioned in a selected portion of a subject, such as within a ventricle of a brain of a human subject. The catheter may include passages, such as bores, through a selected portion of a catheter. In various embodiments, a through bore may be formed through an outer wall of a catheter. The catheter, therefore, may include an elongated wall structure with one or more through bores formed therethrough.
The catheter may further include an internal cannula or passage to allow flow of a selected material, such as a liquid, therethrough. In various embodiments, the catheter may allow for flow of cerebral spinal fluid (CSF). The catheter may be implanted as a part of a shunt system to shunt or drain CSF from a first location to a second location.
Positioned over at least a portion of the catheter, such as a portion including at least a number of the through bores of the catheter, may be a selected material. The selected material may be positioned on the catheter as a sleeve, film, or other appropriate configuration. The covering material may operate as a filter or bore protecting portion to assist in or maintaining a selected through put of flow through the bores formed into the catheter. In addition, or alternatively, the covering may also operate as an ingrowth and/or encapsulation inhibitor. Thus, the covering may inhibit ingrowth and/or encapsulation in to the bores and/or onto the catheter.
Further areas of applicability will become apparent from the description provided herein. The description and specific examples in this summary are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure.
The drawings described herein are for illustrative purposes only of selected embodiments and not all possible implementations, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure.
Corresponding reference numerals indicate corresponding parts throughout the several views of the drawings.
Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings.
With initial reference to
The inlet portion 20 may be substantially at or near a distal or terminal end 22 of the catheter 10. Near the inlet end or formed through the inlet portion 20 may be a plurality of through bores 30. A plurality of the through bores 30 may be formed through the external surface 14 of the wall 12 and to an internal surface 34 through the wall 12. The internal surface 34 may define or form a passage 38. The passage 38 may be formed through the catheter 10 from the terminal end 22, or near the terminal end 22, through the catheter 10. The passage 38 may be formed as a cannula within the catheter 10. In various embodiments, as discussed further herein, the catheter 10 may be an inlet catheter and may be connected to a selected portion, as discussed further herein.
The one or more of the inlet passages 30 of the inlet portion 20 may allow a material to pass through the wall 12. The material may move from an external environment 40 through the passages 30 of the external catheter wall 12 to an internal environment in the passage 38. Thus, material may move into the catheter 10 from exterior to the catheter 10.
The inlet portion 20 of the catheter may be formed of one or more layers and the bores 30 formed entirely therethrough. The passages 30, therefore, may be covered or protected by a covering or overlaying member 50. The overlaying member 50 may be applied or assembled onto the catheter 10 after the bores 30 are formed through the wall 12.
The catheter 10 may, therefore, be at least partially covered or encapsulated with the overlaying member 50. The overlaying member 50 may also be referred to as a filter 50. The filter 50 may include a material of a selected thickness (a distance between an external surface in contact with the environment 40 and an internal surface nearer (e.g. in contact with) the catheter), such as about 0.001 millimeters (mm) to about 0.1 mm, and further including about 0.004 mm to about 0.8 mm, and further including about 0.004 mm to about 0.009 mm. The filter 50 may be formed in any appropriate manner, such as being formed as a tube, as discussed herein, to be moved and/or positioned on the catheter 10, such as over an exterior surface 14 of the wall 12. The filter 50 may, however, also be formed as an elongated portion, as discussed herein, that may be wrapped around the catheter 10, such as in a helical manner, to extend along a length of the catheter 10. In various embodiments, the filter 50 is configured to cover at least a portion, including all of, the inlet area 20. Thus, the filter may be configured and assembled to cover all of the bores 30 of the catheter 10.
The filter 50 may be formed of appropriate materials such as those including polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). In various embodiments, the material may be an expanded polytetrafluoroethylene. The filter material may be selected or formed to allow a first selected material to pass through and into the bores 30 and inhibit or stop a second selected material from passing into the bores 30. Exemplary materials include the AEOS®, FILTRIQ® and/or BioWeb™ materials, both sold by Zeus, Inc.
The filter 50 includes one or more through bores or via's 54 formed through a wall or surface 56 of the filter 50. The through bore 54 may allow for a selected material, such as a fluid, including CSF, to pass through the through bore 54. The through bore 54, however, inhibits or stops a second material, such as tissue, from passing through the filter 50.
With specific reference to
With continuing reference to
The valve 88 may be implanted in the subject 84 in an appropriate position. In various embodiments, the valve 88 may be implanted generally near a skull 92 of the subject 84, torso of the subject 84, or any other appropriate location. It is understood that the inlet catheter 10 may be connected to the valve 88, or any other appropriate flow control mechanism or system, such as a pump, adjustable valve, fixed valve, or the like. The inlet catheter 10 and the valve 88 may both be implanted in the subject 84.
The valve 88 may be further connected to an outlet catheter 96. The outlet catheter 96 may extend from the valve 88 to a selected location, such as a peritoneal cavity 98 of the subject 84. The inlet catheter 10, the valve 88, and the outlet catheter 96 may generally be understood to be a shunt system, such as a hydrocephalus shunt system. The shunt system may be entirely implanted in the subject 84.
The fluid may flow in the direction of arrow 72 through the inlet catheter 10, through the valve 88, and through the outlet catheter 96 generally in the direction of arrow 102. The fluid may then drain or pass through the outlet catheter 96 into a peritoneal cavity 98, or any other appropriate location, of the subject 84. It is understood that the outlet catheter 96 may be positioned within the subject 84 in an appropriate location to allow for draining of the CSF from the ventricle 80 to an appropriate location, such as one with high blood flow. Accordingly, as illustrated in
When positioned in the subject 84, the filter 50 may limit entirely and/or substantially limit material coming into or moving into contact with the inlet area 20, including the through bores 30, to the fluid 60. In other words, the filter 50 may inhibit non-fluid from passing or moving into the passages 30 of the catheter 10. The filter 50, therefore, provides a physical barrier between the through bores 30 and an external environment 40. The inlet catheter 10 that may be positioned and fixed within the subject 84 may be positioned in an anatomical location. Accordingly, the filter 50 may limit or eliminate solid or soft tissue ingrowth past the filter 50 toward the catheter 10. Accordingly, the through bores 30 may remain substantially open, even over a period of time, such as including 5 years, greater than 10 years, greater than 20 years, or an appropriate period. Thus, the filter 50 may extend a useful life of at least the inlet catheter 10 and/or the entire shunt system.
The filter 50, therefore, allows the fluid 60 to pass through the filter 50 and through the through bores 30 into the catheter 10. Soft tissue or other tissue or particles, however, having a diameter greater than the size of the through bore 54 in the filter 50, may not pass into the area or volume between the filter 50 and the catheter 10. Accordingly, soft tissue or other tissue or particles may not grow into or pass into the through bores 30. Thus, the through bores 30 may remain substantially open and clear for draining of the CSF, or the fluid 60, for an extended period of time.
With continuing reference to
The filter 50 may be fixed to the catheter 10 in an appropriate manner, such as by an appropriate fixation member, adhesive, melting, welding, or the like. For example, an adhesive material may be positioned near the second terminal end 124 and near the first terminal end 120 as first and second respective adhesive bands or portions 130, 134. It is understood that the adhesive bands or portions 130, 134 may be applied as a liquid, a solid, or the like and may be provided to substantially surround the catheter 10. Thus, the adhesive portions 130, 134 may seal the respective ends, such as near the terminal ends 120, 124, of the filter 50 relative to the inlet area 20. In various embodiments, the inlet area 20 is substantially and/or completely sealed relative to the external environment 40 save for the through bores 30 of the filter 50.
In various embodiments, returning reference to
In various embodiments, the filter may be provided as a filter strip or portion 50′ that may be wrapped onto the catheter 10 to form a filter construct on the catheter 10. As illustrated in
In light of the above, the inlet catheter 10 is provided with the filter 50 to minimize or eliminate passage or contact of material with the catheter save for the liquid 60. As discussed above, the liquid 60 may include CSF that surrounds or is in the external environment 40 relative to the catheter 10. Thus, the CSF may flow through the filter 50 into the internal passage 38 of the catheter 10, and be shunted away to an appropriate location, such as a peritoneal cavity of the subject 84. The filter 50, therefore, may protect and eliminate in-growth or contact of non-liquid material with the catheter 10, particularly in the inlet area 20, and/or only in the inlet area 20, for an extend use of the catheter 10. In various embodiments, the filter material may operate as a protector to inhibit, including to eliminate, ingrowth and/or encapsulation of the catheter by material, such as tissue ingrowth.
Example embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough, and will fully convey the scope to those who are skilled in the art. Numerous specific details are set forth such as examples of specific components, devices, and methods, to provide a thorough understanding of embodiments of the present disclosure. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that specific details need not be employed, that example embodiments may be embodied in many different forms and that neither should be construed to limit the scope of the disclosure. In some example embodiments, well-known processes, well-known device structures, and well-known technologies are not described in detail.
The foregoing description of the embodiments has been provided for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the disclosure. Individual elements or features of a particular embodiment are generally not limited to that particular embodiment, but, where applicable, are interchangeable and can be used in a selected embodiment, even if not specifically shown or described. The same may also be varied in many ways. Such variations are not to be regarded as a departure from the disclosure, and all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the disclosure.
