The present disclosure relates to the field of business and consumer economics, and more particularly, to a system and method for automating product life cycle management to enable a brand owner to efficiently and effectively track and manage its products.
The life cycle of a product refers to the succession of stages through which a product typically passes during the course of its existence. Such product life cycle stages include, for example, manufacturing, distribution, sales, delivery, use, repair, maintenance, support and disposal. It is often advantageous for a brand owner to keep track of, and manage, its products as they move through the life cycle, and to correlate product data with customer data, such as customer identity, demographics, usage and service history. In this manner, a brand owner can better understand the marketplace in which it competes, provide improved levels of customer service, generate increased customer satisfaction and customer loyalty, and ultimately, achieve greater success.
Brand owners have customarily sought to obtain post-sale customer data through such mechanisms as product registration cards, customer satisfaction surveys, and rebate offers. However, such efforts are often unfruitful. For example, a customer may simply discard a product registration card, or resist filling out a survey, for any number of reasons including indifference, inconvenience, or due to privacy concerns. Rebates, with their promise of economic reward, might be expected to achieve higher compliance rates than voluntary response cards. However, rebate response rates rarely, if ever, approach the ideal because despite monetary incentives, consumers often fail to submit the required rebate documentation.
Product life cycle management can also benefit the brand owner in the unfortunate event of a product recall. By having in advance an accurate and complete database of customers who have purchased its products, a brand owner can rapidly notify its customers of a product recall, demonstrate its preparedness as an enterprise to deal with contingencies that affect the well-being of its customers, and thereby potentially reduce or limit its exposure to liability arising from incidents involving the recalled product.
Brand owners are increasingly concerned with combating the proliferation of counterfeit goods entering the marketplace. No longer the sole province of street vendors, counterfeit goods have found their way into ordinarily legitimate distribution channels.
The ability to identify and prevent the sale of counterfeit goods would therefore greatly assist in the enforcement and protection of a brand owner's intellectual property rights.
Automatic Identification and Data Capture, also known as AIDC, refers to the method of automatically identifying objects, collecting data about them, and entering that data directly into computer systems with minimal, or no, human involvement. AIDC technologies include barcodes, and radio frequency identification (RFID). An AIDC device is a device for reading, and/or writing, data encoded in AIDC media, such as a barcode scanner for reading data encoded in a barcode, or an RFID interrogator for reading and/or writing data encoded in an RFID tag.
Barcodes are machine-readable optical codes for automatic identification characterized by having patterns of image areas exhibiting different light reflective or light absorptive properties into which information is encoded. Barcodes are typically printed using conventional printing means such as offset lithography, inkjet, dot matrix, or xerographic printing processes in accordance with industry standards, such as UPC, Code 39, or PDF-417. Devices for extracting data from barcodes are often referred to as barcode scanners, and are widely used as data-entry devices to input information encoded within a barcode into a computing device.
RFID is another method for automatic identification which uses radiofrequency (RF) signals. A device known as an RFID interrogator wirelessly reads, and optionally, writes, data stored in a transponder, known as an RFID tag, that is physically attached to an article, such as a product, packaging, or shipping container. Typically, an RFID tag consists of two main components: an integrated circuit (IC) for storing and processing data and for modulating and demodulating the RF signal, and an antenna coupled to the chip that enables the chip to exchange data between the tag and interrogator. An RFID tag can be read-only, wherein the IC contains unalterable data, such as a unique identification code indelibly encoded by the tag manufacturer which is used to uniquely identify the tag. Alternatively, an RFID tag can be read-write, wherein the stored data can be changed or deleted. Typically, however, a read-write RFID tag will also contain read-only data, such as an indelible unique identification code, so that individual tags can be uniquely identified.
RFID tags ordinarily range in sizes from several inches to sizes no larger than a grain of rice. RFID tags can be constructed using an essentially planar form factor and incorporated into a self-adhesive label, for example. It is expected the ability to print RFID tags, much like a barcode is printed, will eventually become widespread using, for example, techniques developed by Xerox for depositing liquid polythiophene semiconductors onto a surface at room temperature.
Consumers and watchdog groups have expressed concerns that the unscrupulous or illicit use of RFID technology represents a threat to privacy. For example, an unauthorized third party can read an RFID tag using an illegitimate RFID interrogator, or by intercepting RF signals transmitted between the tag and a legitimate RFID interrogator. Privacy concerns are also raised where a predator organization seeks to read the RFID tags of its competitors' products to harvest product and consumer information stored in those RFID tags.
What is needed, therefore, is a better means of performing product life cycle management in which the collection and maintenance of product, consumer, and transaction data is enhanced, while the privacy of consumers and legitimate organizational users is protected.
The present disclosure is directed to a system and method of product life cycle management which facilitates product registration. The term “point-of-sale terminal” as used herein encompasses any apparatus, such as a cash register, computer, computer terminal, handheld device, etc., which performs a sales transaction for any purpose. The term “post-sale terminal” as used herein encompasses any apparatus, such as a cash register, computer, computer terminal, handheld device, etc., which performs a post-sales transaction, such as a return, exchange, repair, service or disposal, for any purpose. A point-of-sale terminal can also be a post-sale terminal, and vice versa.
Disclosed is an automated product life cycle management system which includes a point-of-sale system, and additionally, a post-sale system; an intermediary global directory service system; and at least one brand owner product management system. The systems are operably connected via data communications means, such as the Internet.
According to the present disclosure, the brand owner assigns a unique product identification code (UPID) to each instance of a product to be tracked by the disclosed automated product life cycle management system. As an example only, brand owner X wishes to track product Y, and has an order to ship 100 units of Y. Each of the 100 units, or product instances, is assigned its own UPID. In an embodiment, the UPID is a unique read-only code contained within an RFID tag that is annexed to the product instance. Additionally or alternatively, the UPID is encoded with a barcode annexed to the product instance. In an embodiment, the UPIDs are stored in the product life cycle management system, for example, in a database.
Once the brand owner has assigned a UPID to each product instance it wishes to track, the UPIDs are transmitted to the global directory service, where they are stored, for example, in a database, and where the UPIDs are associated with the brand owner. In an embodiment, each UPID is associated with a network address of the brand owner's product life cycle management system, for example, the URL of the brand owner's product life cycle management system.
At the point of sale, a point-of-sale terminal having an AIDC device, such as a barcode scanner and/or an RFID interrogator, is used to read the UPID from the barcode, the read-only RFID tag, or the read-write RFID tag, that is annexed to the product being purchased. The point-of-sale system additionally collects information about the customer, such as name, address, phone number, from the credit or debit card transaction, a scanned bank check, or via oral or written means and manually entered into the point-of-sale system by the sales clerk. The point-of-sale terminal transmits the UPID to the global point of sale broker system, which then determines the brand owner product management life cycle system address associated with the UPID, and transmits this address back to the point-of-sale system.
The point of sale system then transmits the UPID and customer information to the brand owner product management life cycle system, which stores the customer information in association with the UPID, in, for example, a database. In an embodiment, the product management life cycle system generates a unique product registration key (UPRK) which is also stored in association with the customer information and/or the UPID. The product management life cycle system then transmits to the point-of-sale system an acknowledgement, and optionally, the UPRK. Upon receipt of the acknowledgement, the point-of-sale system completes the sales transaction. If a UPRK was received, it is provided to the customer. In an embodiment, the UPRK is written to a read-write RFID tag attached to the purchased product by the RFID interrogator. It is also contemplated the UPRK may be printed in barcode and/or human readable form on a customer receipt; printed on a label which is thereafter annexed to the purchased product by, for example, the sales clerk; or by other suitable means such as an automated marking device or automated labeling device.
The product instance is thus associated with the customer within the brand owner's system. However, because the barcode or RFID tag contains no personal or organizational information that may be used outside of the brand owner's system, the customer's and the brand owner's information privacy is protected. Moreover, improved product life cycle management is thus facilitated since the brand owner is now able to associate subsequent product transactions with the customer, and with the individual product instance, with attendant benefits accruing to the brand owner and to the customer.
For example, the customer experience is enhanced by eliminating the paperwork customarily required for product registration, rebate redemption, warranty registration and providing proof of purchase. Inconveniences typically encountered by the customer when interacting with post sale services, such as product repair, product return, and obtaining replacement parts, are reduced. The customer receives the benefit of automatic product registration without action on the customer's part. The brand owner's system, by providing secure information, ensures that the retailer or other entity cannot track this product thus alleviating customer privacy concerns.
From the brand owner's perspective, product life cycle management is enhanced because post-sale information is automatically collected. This provides brand owners with the ability to better target high-value customers using special promotions, to improve and optimize products by enabling better customer feedback, to reduce costs by eliminating or reducing retail paperwork for product returns including writing product return data to the RFID tag, and to facilitate product recalls. Quality control can more closely be monitored because, for example, problems endemic to specific production batches can be quickly identified and monitored.
In an embodiment, the present disclosure provides a means to identify and prevent the sale of counterfeit products by preventing the completion of a sales transaction where, for example, the RFID tag contains invalid or unrecognized data, or if no RFID tag is annexed to the product as expected. For example, if either the broker or the brand owner system does not recognize the RFID product identifier, a denial message is transmitted to the point-of-sale or post-sale system which, for example, blocks the sales transaction, prevents a product return, or denies repair service. Additionally or alternatively, the broker or brand owner system transmits a counterfeit detection notification to brand owner personnel, who may then take appropriate action.
Also contemplated within the scope of the present disclosure is a means to track and trace products that are subject to controlled distribution, such as pharmaceuticals, illicit drug precursor chemicals, weapons, explosives, nuclear material, and hazardous industrial substances.
In an embodiment, the global directory service is a global point-of-sale web service that brokers between the point-of-sale and/or the post-sale system, and the brand owner's system. The global point of sale web service provide a secure global directory service that stores the relationships between unique product codes and the brand owner's product management system address. In an embodiment, the brand owner's product management system address can be a uniform resource locator (URL) or an IP address. Upon product purchase, the unique product identifier code is sent from the point-of-sale system to the broker using a secure communication protocol, using, for example, HTTPS, SSL, SSH or other suitable protocol. Additionally or alternatively, the identity of the point-of-sale system and/or the broker is authenticated during the communication session. Using the unique product identifier code, the broker determines the brand owner's product management system address and transmits the address to the point-of-sale system. In an embodiment, the relationship between the product identifier code and the brand owner's product management system address is stored in a database. Also envisioned within the scope of the present disclosure is an arrangement whereby the broker charges a fee to the point-of-sale operator, the post-sale operator and/or the brand owner. Such fees can be structured in any number of arrangements, such as a per-transaction fee, flat-rate, tiered fees, or in accordance with any suitable fee arrangement, which may be different with respect to each point-of-sale operator, post-sale operator and/or brand owner participant in the system.
Having obtained the brand owner's product management system address, the point-of-sale system transmits the unique product identifier and customer information to the brand owner's product management system using a secure communication protocol, using, for example, HTTPS, SSL, SSH or other suitable protocol. Additionally or alternatively, the identity of the point-of-sale system and/or the brand owner's product management system is authenticated during the communication session. In response, the brand owner's product management system creates a unique product registration key that is transmitted back to the point-of-sale terminal, which causes the RFID interrogator to write the unique product registration key to the product's RFID tag.
Considering now the scenario where the customer returns a product for a post-sale interaction, such as a return or warranty repair, when the product is presented at the post-sale terminal. The RFID interrogator reads the RFID tag at the post-sale terminal, the unique product identifier is extracted, and is transmitted to the broker. From the unique product identifier, the broker determines the brand owner's product management system address, which is transmitted to the post-sale system. Subsequently, the post-sale system transmits the unique product registration key and a service request to the brand owner's product management system, which determines if the service request is valid with respect to the unique product registration key, and transmits a post-sale validity response to the post-sale system. Upon receipt of the post-sale validity response, the post-sale system will accordingly either permit or deny the requested service. Upon completion of the requested service, the post-sale system transmits a post-sale action performed acknowledgement to the brand owner's product management system, which stores a record of the post-sale action in association with the UPID. Additionally or alternatively, the post-sale system transmits a post-sale action denial acknowledgement which optionally stores a record of the post-sale action denial in association with the UPID.
Various embodiments of the present disclosure will be described herein below with reference to the figures wherein:
Embodiments of the presently disclosed automated product life cycle management system and method are described herein in detail with reference to the drawings, in which like reference numerals designate identical or corresponding elements in each of the several views.
Referring to
In
In accordance with the present disclosure, the at least one point of sale system 200 further includes a point of sale product life cycle module 240 having at least one of software, firmware and hardware that includes a set of programmable instructions configured for execution by the at least one processor 225 for performing point of sale life cycle management transactions as disclosed herein. The at least one post-sale system 270 further includes a post-sale product life cycle module 275 having at least one of software, firmware and hardware that includes a set of programmable instructions configured for execution by the at least one processor 225 for performing post-sale life cycle management transactions as disclosed herein.
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A method of point of sale request processing in accordance with the present disclosure will now be described in detail with reference to
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In the step 622, post-sale product life cycle module 275 causes to be sent a post-sale service request containing the UPRK to brand owner product life cycle module 450 incorporated within brand owner product management system 400 located at the address received in the step 620. Subsequently in the step 624, brand owner product life cycle module 450 retrieves the transaction record associated with the UPRK from product management database 440, determines if the requested post-sale service is valid. In the step 626 a post-sale service request response is caused to be sent to post-sale product life cycle module 275, which is received by product life cycle module 275 in the step 627. Optionally, the step 624 further includes recording the attempted invalid post-sale service request in the associated transaction record in product management database 440.
In the step 628, the post-sale service request response is examined. If the requested post-sale service is invalid, the post-sale transaction is denied; optionally, the step 630 is performed wherein the post-sales clerk is notified accordingly by, for example, a visual indication displayed on display 215; and the post-sale transaction is completed in the step 642.
Conversely, if the requested post-sale service is valid, the requested post-sale service is performed in the step 632. As examples only, a post-sale service includes one of a product return for a refund, product return for store credit, defective product exchange, unwanted product exchange, product tendered for warranty service, product tendered for non-warranty service, product service completed, product recycling, and product disposal. In the step 634 a post-sale service performed acknowledgement is caused to be sent by the post-sale product life cycle module to the brand owner product life cycle module, whereupon in the step 636, the associated transaction record in product management database 440 is updated to reflect that the requested post-sale service was successfully performed. In the step 638 a transaction completion response is caused to be sent by the brand owner management system to the post-sale system, which is received in the step 640, and the post-sale transaction is completed in the step 642.
It is contemplated that the steps of the method in accordance with the present disclosure can be performed in a different ordering than the ordering provided herein.
Also disclosed is a computer-readable medium storing a set of programmable instructions configured for being executed by at least one processor for performing a method of automating product life cycle management in accordance with the present disclosure
It will be appreciated that variations of the above-disclosed and other features and functions, or alternatives thereof, may be desirably combined into many other different systems or applications. Various presently unforeseen or unanticipated alternatives, modifications, variations or improvements therein may be subsequently made by those skilled in the art which are also intended to be encompassed by the following claims. The claims can encompass embodiments in hardware, software, or a combination thereof.