Patent Application
20110219129
This invention relates generally to the field of communication over a network, and more particularly, to communication between a browser application executing within a browser and a remote application.
With the rise of mobile computing, more and more devices are able to connect to computer networks. Network communication is no longer limited to PCs and laptops. Mobile phones and smart phones can typically connect not only to mobile telephone networks, but also Wi-fi networks, Bluetooth® networks, USB networks, etc. Other devices, which historically were not able to connect to computer networks, are entering the market already configured to access the internet. Televisions, DVD players, and even home appliances have network and internet capability.
Mobile applications have also become increasingly popular. Smart phones, such as the iPhone® device, Android® phones, or Blackberry® phones can download and run a broad array of different applications, from games and movie players to productivity and work tools.
Browser applications are attractive to developers because they can be relatively easy to develop and deploy. Browser applications also provide dynamic and customizable content for display within a web browser. A browser application developer could create, for example, a video game or media presentation application that can run within a web browser.
Browser applications, such as FLASH® applications, Unity™ applications, JavaScript® applications, and the like, can be downloaded and run by a web browser without the need to install the application directly onto a local computer. Rather, a user can run a browser application simply by directing his or her browser to a URL that provides a browser application. The web browser will then load and execute the browser application directly, downloading it just as if the user were viewing a static web page.
However, browser applications are typically subject to security restrictions. Web browsers often employ a security scheme, sometimes called sandbox security, that restricts browser applications from accessing resources on the local machine. For example, web browsers will often prevent browser applications from accessing files on the local hard drive, operating system resources, etc. Web browsers may also prevent browser applications from communicating over a network, such as a local or wide area network connected to the local machine.
Unfortunately, because of a security mechanism of a web browser, it may be difficult for a mobile device to establish a low latency network connection with a browser application executing within the web browser.
The system and method includes apparatuses and operations for establishing communication over a network comprising. In embodiments, a host device may execute a browser application within a web browser. The web browser may include a security mechanism that prevents the browser application from discovering an endpoint device over a network.
The browser application may receive a private network address of the endpoint device in order to establish a first network socket connection and a second network socket connection with an application executing on the endpoint device. The host device, the endpoint device, or both may send loss-sensitive network traffic over the first network socket connection and loss-tolerant network traffic over the second network socket connection.
In some embodiments the first network socket connection may be a TCP connection and the second network socket connection may be a UDP connection. The data may be generated using pre-constructed packet headers configured to identify the network traffic as either loss-sensitive or loss-tolerant network traffic prior to the network traffic. The systems, methods, and operations described herein may determine which socket to send the network traffic over based upon the pre-constructed packet header used.
The present invention may provide a system and method for connecting devices over a network. More particularly, the present invention may be used to connect and facilitate communication between a browser application running within a web browser and an application executing on an endpoint device.
Web browsers often employ security schemes, sometimes referred to as sandbox security, to ensure that browser applications cannot cause harm to a local machine. These security schemes may restrict a browser application from using local machine resources, such as the hard drive of the computer, I/O, or networking capabilities.
Typically, devices on a network can discover other devices on the network by broadcasting their presence on the network, and monitoring broadcasts from other devices. However, if a browser application, for example a FLASH application, is running within a web browser on a machine connected to a network, the security mechanisms of the web browser may prevent the browser application from discovering or communicating with other device connected to the network, even if those other devices are running applications that could otherwise communicate or interact with the browser application.
Referring now to
Endpoint device 20 may be another endpoint device within system 10. Endpoint device 20 is depicted here merely to show that other devices may be included within system 10 and connected to private network 24. Although not shown, endpoint device 20 may execute an application such as application 20, may execute other applications capable of communicating with browser application 14, or may execute applications capable of communicating with other browser applications, for example.
Host device 12 and endpoint devices 18, 20 may be connected to private network 18. Private network 18 can typically be a local are network (LAN), but may also be other types of networks, including but not limited to, a wired LAN, one or more LAN segments, a wireless LAN, a wide area network, a Bluetooth® network, a USB network, etc. Accordingly, connections 26, 28 may be wired or wireless connections and may employ any appropriate communication technologies and protocols to enable communication between the devices.
Private network 24 may also comprise multiple networks coupled together, multiple LAN segments, etc. For the sake of simplicity, this disclosure will describe private network 24 as a wired/wireless Ethernet LAN, typical of internet enabled households and businesses. Wired/wireless routers, such as those provided by Linksys® and other companies, can provide such a network. However, one skilled in the art will recognize that the inventions herein may operate within various different types of network topologies.
Private network 24 is shown as separated from public network 30 by network interface device 32. Public network 30 may be any type of LAN or WAN. In this example, public network 30 may represent a public network such as the internet.
Network interface device 32 may provide a bridge between private network 24 and public network 30, and also may provide a security barrier between private network 24 and the internet, such as a firewall. Typical examples of network interface device 32 are cable modems, DSL modems, T1 connections, and the like. Devices connected to public network 30 (i.e. the internet) typically cannot penetrate the security barrier of network interface device 32 to discover or communicate with devices on private network 32. However, in an embodiment, network interface device 32 may allow devices on private network 24 to access public network 30 so that they can browse the internet, download applications, and communicate with devices on the internet. Network interface device 32 may be a single network interface device, or may be multiple network interface devices that provide multiple access points between private network 24 and the internet.
Devices connected to private network 24 may receive a private network address, while devices connected to public network 30 may receive public network addresses. A private network address is an address specific to private network 24. Devices that receive a private network address from private network 24 can typically communicate freely with other devices on private network 24. However, devices on public network 30 typically cannot discover or communicate with devices on private network 24 having private network addresses because of the security mechanisms in network interface device 32. A typical example is a home or business LAN, where devices on the LAN can communicate with each other, and can access the internet, but devices on the internet cannot discover or initiate communications with the devices on the LAN.
Since network interface device 32 is connected to public network 30, network interface device may receive a public network address. A public network address is an address that can be accessed by devices on public network 30 and/or private network 24. Since, in this example, public network 30 represents the internet, the public network address received by network interface device is a public internet address, which can be accessed by other devices on the internet. The opposite may also be true.
In other words, devices on public network 30 (i.e. internet devices) can “see” network interface device 32 and its public network address, but they cannot “see” devices on private network 24. Devices on private network 24 can not only “see” the other devices on private network 24 and access them using their private network addresses, they can also “see” devices on public network 30 and access them using their public network addresses.
System 10 shows a typical configuration for the inventions described herein. However, system 10 is not the only architecture within which the inventions described herein can operation. One skilled in the art will recognize that various system architectures can support the systems, methods, and apparatuses described herein. Also, although not shown, any of the applications and processes may be run by any computing device within system 10, or by any computing device capable or running the applications and processes. For example, host device 12 may execute address registration process 36 and/or application 22; endpoint devices 18, 20 may execute web browser 16, browser application 14, and or address registration process 36; and server 34 may execute web browser 16, browser application 14, and/or application 22.
As discussed, since browser application 14 is running within the security scheme of web browser 16, browser application 14 may not be able to discover or communicate with application 22, and application 22 may not be able to discover or communicate with browser application 14.
The present inventions may be implemented as hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software.
Program 210 may include various instructions and subroutines, which, when loaded into memory 206 and executed by processor 204 cause processor 204 to perform various operations, some or all of which may effectuate the methods associated with the present inventions.
Although not shown, computer processing device 200 typically includes various forms of input and output. The I/O may include network adapters, USB adapters, Bluetooth radios, mice, keyboards, touchpads, displays, touch screens, LEDs, vibration devices, speakers, microphones, sensors, or any other input or output device for use with computer processing device 200.
In an embodiment, the content control process may operate to control content within a web browser and/or engage in two-way communication with an application running within a web browser. In a specific embodiment, the process may facilitate connectivity and two-way communication between browser application 14 and application 22, and allow application 22 to control web browser content displayed by browser application 14. In one example, browser application 14 is a video game downloaded by a user. The video game runs as a browser application (e.g. a FLASH application) within web browser 16, and is subject to the security restrictions of web browser. In the same example, application 22 running on endpoint device 18 is a game controller application downloaded by the user. The controller application acts as a game controller and allows the user to control and/or play the FLASH game. The user may wish to connect the game controller application to the video game so he or she can play. However, since the video game is executing within the security schema of web browser 16, the controller application and the video game may not be able to discover and communicate with each other.
In order for the applications to communicate, server 34 (and/or address registration process 36) may receive 302 a communication from application 22, which is running on endpoint device 18. In one embodiment, application 22 may send the communication in order to register its addresses with server 34. Accordingly, the communication may include private network address of endpoint device 18 (i.e. the private network address within private network 24), and may also include the public address of endpoint device 18. In this example, since network interface device 32 is the bridge between private network 24 and public network 30, public network address of endpoint device 18 may match, at least in part, the public network address of network interface device 32.
In some cases, the communication may also contain an application ID. Application 22 may have an application ID that it sends to server 34 along with the public and private network addresses.
Browser application 14 (running within browser 16 on host device 12) may also send a communication to server 34. Similarly, the communication from browser application 14 may serve to register browser application 14 with address registration process 36. The communication may contain the public network address of host device 12, and may also contain an application ID that uniquely identifies browser application 14. In this case, as discussed above, the public network address of host device 12 may match, in whole or in part, the public network address of network interface device 32, since network interface 32 provides the interface between host device 12 and public network 30. In some embodiments, the communication from browser application 14 and/or from application 22 also contains other information, such as the private network address of host device 12, other information about host device 12, application data, user data, or any other type of information.
Server 34 may receive communications from other endpoint devices and host devices (not shown). In one embodiment, server 34 is an internet server that receives communications (include network addresses and application IDs) from devices connected to various private networks throughout cyberspace. Server 34 may record and catalog the information it receives from these various devices in, for example, a database or other data store.
Upon receipt of the communications, server 34 may determine 304 whether endpoint device 18 and host device 12 are connected to the same local network based upon the public network addresses within the communications. As described above, the public network address is typically associated with a public-facing device connected to the local network. In
By comparing the public network address of various devices in this way, server 34 can determine which devices are connected to the same private networks. The public network addresses may match, in whole or in part, or may otherwise be related. For example, server 34 may determine that two devices are connected to the same private network if the public network addresses of the two devices match. In another example, server 34 may determine that two devices are connected to the same private network if the public network addresses of the two devices have the same subnet address. Server 34 may also contain a lookup table or other device that provides information about which public network addresses are associated with various private networks. By utilizing the lookup table or other mechanism, server 34 may determine whether received public network addresses indicate that devices are connected to the same private network.
System 10 may also facilitate a network connection between browser application 14 and application 22 by providing 308 the private network address of endpoint device 18 to browser application 14. As discussed above, browser application 14 and application 22 may not be able to connect or communicate with each other if the security mechanisms of web browser 16 prevent such communication. For example, the security mechanisms of web browser 16 may prevent browser application 14 and from broadcasting its presence on private network 24. Similarly, the security mechanisms of web browser 16 may prevent browser application 14 from receiving broadcasts from application 22.
However, browser application 14 may be able to communicate directly with application 22 if browser application 14 knows the private network address of endpoint device 18. By providing the private network address of endpoint device 18 to browser application 14, the system may be able to modify the security policy of web browser 16 to allow communication between browser application 14 and application 22.
In some embodiments, address registration process 36 and/or server 34 will provide the private network address of endpoint device 18 to browser application 14 only if application 22 and browser application 14 are compatible applications. For example, if address registration process 36 determines 310 that browser application 14 is a game application and application 22 is a controller application for that game, then address registration process 36 may determine that application 22 and browser application 14 are compatible applications and send the private network address of endpoint device 18 to browser application 14, so that browser application 14 and application 22 can communicate with each other. However, if browser application 14 and application 22 are not compatible, then address registration process may not send the private network address to browser application 14. For example, if browser application 14 is a video game, but application 22 is an application for drawing pictures, then they are likely not compatible. In this case, there may be no need to send the private network address of endpoint device 18 to browser application 14 in order to initiate communication between browser application 14 and application 22.
Address registration process 36 may determine 310 whether applications are compatible in various ways. In one embodiment, address registration process 36 may compare the application IDs received from application 22 and browser application 14. If the application IDs indicate the applications are compatible, address registration process may provide 308 the private network address of endpoint device 18 to browser application 14. The application IDs may indicate the applications are compatible if the application IDs match, for example. In other embodiments, the application IDs may indicate compatibility if they are associated in some other way. For example, address registration process 36 may have a lookup table or hash table of application IDs that links compatible application IDs.
The application IDs may be any unique identifier and may include information such as a code representing the application and/or its version number, the name of the application, etc. The opposite may also be true.
In some embodiments, address registration process 36 may provide 308 the private network address to browser application 14 in various ways. In one embodiment, browser application 14 may periodically poll address registration process 36 and ask for the address. Upon receipt of the request, address registration process 36 may send browser application 14 a list of the private network addresses of all endpoint devices that are running compatible applications and connected to private network 24. In another embodiment, address registration process 36 may send the private network address of an endpoint device to browser application 14 whenever an endpoint device running a compatible application and connected to private network 24 registers with address registration process 36. In yet another embodiment, address registration process 36 may periodically broadcast lists of private network addresses, which can be retrieved by browser application 14 whenever appropriate. Other schemes of providing 308 the private network addresses to browser application 14 may also be employed.
If the security of web browser 16 prevents communication between browser application 14 and application 22, then the system may modify 312 the security policy of web browser 16 to allow for the communication. For example, endpoint device 18 may send 314 a policy file to host device 12.
Referring to
Upon receipt of the private network address of endpoint device 18, browser application 14 may access the web server executing on endpoint device 18 and download policy file 406. Policy files are typically known in the art. In this example, policy file 406 may contain a new security policy for web browser 16 or changes to the security policy of web browser 16 that allow for communication between browser application 12 and application 22. When browser application 14 receives policy file 406, it may apply the policy file to the security policy of web browser 16 to allow for such communication.
In another embodiment, the security policy of web browser 16 may be modified 312 through an HTML5 handshake. HTML5 handshakes are also typically known in the art. In this case, application 22 and browser application 14 may perform the HTML5 handshake in order to modify the security profile of web browser 16 and allow communication between browser application 14 and application 22.
In some embodiments, the methods and systems may facilitate communication between browser application 14 and application 22. As discussed, web browser 16 may include security mechanisms that prevent browser application 14 from discovering or communicating with endpoint devices 18, 20 over private network 24. To facilitate communications, application 22 may send the private network address of endpoint device 18 to one or more network-enabled devices.
In the example above, application 22 may send the public and/or private network address of endpoint device 18, and/or an application ID to server 34. However, one skilled in the art will recognize that application 22 may send such information to any device, or may broadcast such information to any device, in order to facilitate communications between application 22 and browser application 14. Similarly, browser application 14 may send the public network address of host device 12, the private network address of host device 12, and/or an application ID to server 34 in order to facilitate communication with application 22. However, on skilled in the art will recognize that browser application 14 may send such information to any device, or may broadcast such information to any device, in order to facilitation communications between application 22 and browser application 14.
In an embodiment, application 22 and/or browser application 14 may establish socket connections in order to facilitate communications. As used herein, the term socket refers to any unidirectional or bidirectional inter- or intra-process data or communication flow over a network. The socket connections may be initiated by application 22, browser application 14, or both. The socket connections may be any continuous or intermittent communication connections between application 22 and browser application 14 through private network 24.
In various embodiments, browser application 14 and application 22 establish one or more socket connections, and are the endpoints of the socket connections. However, various other devices (such as endpoint device 20 and/or an application running on endpoint device 20) may establish the socket connections and may also be endpoints in the socket connections. In some embodiments where multiple devices are involved in communication, more than two devices can communicate over the socket connections.
Browser application 14 and/or application 22 may first initiate the socket connections, which may each provide communication flow from browser application 14 to application 22, from application 22 to browser application 14, or both.
Referring to
In one embodiment, socket connection 502 may be a TCP connection. As known in the art, TCP is a reliable communication protocol. The TCP protocol provides features that limit packet and data loss between endpoints, as well as features that ensure packets are received and/or processed in a correct order. Accordingly, browser application 14 and application 22 may send loss-sensitive data over socket connection 502. As an example, if browser application 14 is a game and application 22 is a game controller application, loss-sensitive data may include control data such as button presses, command acknowledgements, control data, setup and initiation data, etc. In general, the data sent over socket connection 502 may be any data that the application deems to be loss-sensitive. In other words, any data where the absence of receipt of the data on the receiving end of the socket could cause problems, inconsistencies, or bugs in the application may be deemed loss-sensitive data and sent over socket connection 502.
Socket connection 504 may be a UDP connection, for example. As known in the art, UDP is an unreliable communication protocol and does not include mechanisms to ensure receipt of data. Accordingly, browser application 14 and application 22 may send loss-tolerant data over socket 504. Loss tolerant data may include any type of data where the loss of at least some of the data will not cause problems, inconsistencies, or bugs in the application. Typical examples of loss tolerant data include streaming video, streaming audio, etc. These types of data are considered loss tolerant because, if some of the data are not received, the audio or video stream may not be significantly interrupted. In some embodiments, other types of data, such as accelerometer measurements from a smart phone, are considered loss-tolerant data and are sent over socket 504.
Application 14 and/or browser application 22 may generate network packets for transmission over sockets 502, 504 by using pre-constructed packet headers and/or pre-constructed packet templates. Referring to
Packet 600 may be constructed through the use of pre-constructed packet headers and/or pre-constructed packet templates. For example, if the data payload of packet 600 contains loss-sensitive data, packet 600 may be generated using a pre-constructed packet template designed to ensure packet 600 is routed over socket 502 (the TCP socket) once it enters a network stack for transmission and routing. Similarly, if the data payload of packet 600 contains loss-tolerant data, packet 600 may be generated using a pre-constructed header or template designed to ensure packet 600 is routed over socket 504 (the UDP socket) once it enters a network stack for transmission and routing. Of course, the opposite may also be true.
In some embodiments, the header or template used to generate packet 600 may determine the value of indicator 606, and whether indicator 606 will indicate whether packet 600 should be routed over socket 502 or socket 504. Accordingly, once packet 600 enters a network stack for transmission and routing, application 22 and/or browser application 14 may read indicator 606 and/or a data type encoded within header 604 or indicator 606, and may route packet 600 over socket 502 or socket 504 as appropriate.
During development, an application developer may decide what types of application data are loss-tolerant and what types are loss-sensitive. In this case, the developer may determine which pre-constructed header to use for different types of data. Additionally/alternatively, browser application 14 and application 22, or a development environment used to create browser application 14 and/or application 22, may provide defaults for particular data types. For example, browser application 14 and application 22 may, by default, use a pre-constructed header for loss-tolerant data whenever they send streaming audio or streaming video data over the network to each other. One skilled in the art will recognize that various defaults may be employed so that particular types of data are routed over the appropriate type of socket connection.
Routing loss-tolerant data over socket connection 504 and loss-sensitive data over socket connection 502 may result in reduced latency and more efficient network communication between application 22 and browser application 14. For example, by sending loss-tolerant data (such as streaming video) over socket 504 (the UDP connection), the protocol stacks of application 22 and browser application 14 may become less clocked. Also, reserving socket 502 (the TCP connection) for loss-sensitive, but less voluminous data, such as command and control data, may also reduce the possibility of a network stack bottleneck.
Although the descriptions above provide examples with a single endpoint device, a single host device, and a single server, one skilled in the art will recognize that any combination employing single or multiple devices are possible. Any combination of single or multiple endpoint devices, single or multiple host devices, and/or single or multiple address registration server devices may fall within the scope of the invention. For example, multiple endpoint devices may connect to a single host device, a single endpoint device may connect to a single host device, single or multiple host and/or endpoint devices may communicate with single or multiple address registration server devices, etc. Other combinations are also within the scope of the invention.
Furthermore, browser application 14 and application 22 may be compatible applications designed to communicate with each other. For example, browser application 14 may be a game and application 22 may be a game controller application designed to be compatible with one another. Similarly, browser application 14 and application 22 may be the same application, e.g., they may be the same game running on different platforms and communicating, for example, in a head-to-head match. Additionally/alternatively, browser application 14 and application 22 may be different applications that can communicate with each other over the network.
The following example shows one embodiment of the present invention. A video game application is used to illustrate the operation of the present invention.
In this example, a fictional Player wants to play a video game within a web browser and use his smart phone as a game controller to control the game. Host device 12 is already connected to private network 24, so Player opens web browser 16 and directs it to a web site that hosts his selected video game. The video game in this example is a FLASH browser application. When web browser 16 downloads the game application, it begins to execute the game within web browser 16. However, web browser 16 has a security policy that restricts the game from discovering other devices connected to private network 24, or from broadcasting its presence over private network 24. Therefore, certain operations may be needed before Player's smart phone can be used as a game controller.
Once the game loads, it sends a message and registers its presence with server 34. The message includes the public network address of host device 12 and the application ID of the game. The application ID lets server 34 know which game is running, and the public network address lets server 34 know that host device 12 is connected to private network 24
Next, Player picks up his smart phone (i.e. endpoint device 18) and downloads a game controller application for the game (i.e. application 22) from the internet. Player's smart phone is also connected to private network 24 and has received its own private network address. When Player loads the game controller application, it sends a communication to server 34 that contains the public and private network address of the smart phone, and the application ID of the game controller application. The application ID lets server 34 know which game controller application is running, and the public network address lets server 34 know that the smart phone is connected to private network 24.
After it receives the communications, server 34 may make a determination, based on the public network addresses and application IDs it received, that the game controller and game applications are compatible and that host device 12 and the smart phone are connected to the same local network. If server 34 makes such a determination, it may provide the private network address of the smart phone to the game application to facilitate communication between the game and the game controller applications.
If needed, the game application and/or the game controller application may then modify the security policy of the web browser in order to allow network communication between the applications. For example, the smart phone, or another device, may provide a policy file or initiate an HTML5 handshake to modify the security profile of web browser 16.
The game application and game controller application may then establish network communication with each other by, for example, opening one or more socket connections. Once the applications connect over the network, Player can use the game controller application running on his smart phone to control and play the game running within the web browser. The game controller and the game applications may then send data, including game control data, video data, audio data, button press data, accelerometer data, etc., back and forth between the game controller application and the game application.
The game application and game controller application may then establish network communication with each other by, for example, opening one or more socket connections. The game application and game controller application may establish a TCP socket and a UDP socket, for example. The applications may send loss-sensitive data, such as button presses, acknowledgements, etc, over the TCP socket, and loss-tolerant data, such as streaming video, audio bytes, cinematics, accelerometer data, etc, over the UDP socket. In this way, the applications may avoid network or network stack bottlenecks and provide each other with low-latency network communication.
The following example illustrates the operation of some embodiments of the present invention. Browser application 14 may be a browser application executing within web browser 16, which may be executing on host device 12. Browser application 14 sends a communication with the public network address of host device 12 to server 34.
Application 22 may be an application for communicating with and controlling content displayed by browser application 14, and may be executing on endpoint device 18. Application 22 may send a communication to server 34 with the public and private network addresses of endpoint device 18.
Server 34 may determine that application 22 and browser application 14 are compatible applications executing on devices connected to the same local network. If so, server 34 may send the private network address of endpoint 18 to browser application 14 to facilitate connectivity between the two.
Browser application 14 and application 22 may then communicate with each other over private network 24, and may modify the security policy of web browser 16 to allow for two way communication between browser application 14 and application 22.
Browser application 14 and application 22 may then establish a loss-sensitive socket connection (e.g. a TCP connection) and a loss-tolerant socket connection (e.g. a UDP connection), and reduce network latency by sending loss-sensitive data over the loss-sensitive socket connection, and loss-tolerant data over the loss-tolerant socket connection.
The present disclosure makes reference to various block diagrams and flowcharts. One skilled in the art will recognize that the order and configuration of components in the block diagrams and steps in the flowcharts are not limitations and are provided for illustration only. Various appropriate configurations of components and devices, and various orders and sequences of operation may fall within the scope of the claims.
While the invention has been described in connection with the specific embodiments thereof, it will be understood that it is capable of further modification. Furthermore, this application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention, including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice in the art to which the invention pertains.
This application claims priority to and benefit of Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61/311,102, filed on Mar. 5, 2010, and to Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61/421,977, filed on Dec. 10, 2010. Both applications 61/311,102 and 61/421,977 are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 61311102 | Mar 2010 | US | |
| 61421977 | Dec 2010 | US |
