This application relates generally to managing data in a memory device. More specifically, this application relates to a flash memory implementing an improved programming sequence for detecting copyback programming problems.
Copyback is an operation used to read and copy data stored in one page (a source page) and reprogram it in another page (a destination page) in a flash memory. Unlike standard read and program operations, data retrieved from the source page is not streamed out (such as streamed out of the flash memory chip), but is saved in an internal buffer in the flash memory and then programmed directly into the destination page without using an external memory. In this way, the data is kept entirely within the flash memory chip and not sent to any external chip within the flash memory (such as to an external controller in the flash memory). Thus, the copyback operation is faster and more efficient than standard operations because reading out the data and then re-loading the data to be programmed are not required. The operation is particularly useful when a portion of a page is updated and the rest of the page needs to be copied to a newly assigned block.
Copyback operations are “blind” in that the data is moved without being checked. In particular, as the data read from the source page is internal to the flash memory during a copyback operation, the Error Correction Code (ECC) cannot be evaluated before copying the source page to the destination page. As a result, any bit error (either caused by the copyback read operation or other error) cannot be detected and will be copied into the destination page, resulting in propagation and accumulation of the bit error.
In order to address problems related to copyback programming, methods and systems are disclosed herein for detecting problems related to copyback programming.
According to a first aspect, a method of detecting errors in a copyback operation in a flash memory device is disclosed. The method includes, in the flash memory device with a controller, performing: internally copying data from a first non-volatile portion in a flash memory chip of the flash memory device to a volatile portion of the flash memory device; using a part of the data copied to the volatile portion to detect the presence of one or more errors; internally copying the data from the volatile portion to a second non-volatile portion of the flash memory chip; and modifying some or all of the data based on the detected presence of the one or more errors. In one embodiment, the copyback operation is performed on the flash memory chip, with copying from a first non-volatile portion on the flash memory chip to a volatile portion of the flash memory chip, and then copying from the volatile portion on the flash memory chip to a second portion on the flash memory chip. In another embodiment, part of the data copied to the volatile portion is copied external to the flash memory chip, such as to a volatile memory associated with the controller. In still another embodiment, depending on the detection of the one or more errors, the data associated with the copyback operation is modified, such as by verifying the data copied to the second portion of the flash memory chip and/or modifying the part of the data stored in the volatile portion prior to copying to the second portion of the flash memory chip. In yet another embodiment, depending on the detection of the one or more errors, a subsequent copyback operation is modified, such as disabling all subsequent copyback operations for the first non-volatile portion.
In another aspect, a storage device is disclosed. The storage device may comprise a flash memory device that is configured to detect errors in a copyback operation. The flash memory device comprises: a flash memory chip that includes a first non-volatile portion, a second non-volatile portion, and a volatile portion; and a controller in communication with the flash memory chip. The controller is configured to: command the flash memory chip to internally copy data from the first non-volatile portion to the volatile portion; use part of the data copied to the volatile portion to detect the presence of one or more errors; command the flash memory chip to internally copy the data from the volatile portion to the second non-volatile portion; and modify some or all the data associated with the copyback operation based on the detected presence of the one or more errors.
Other features and advantages will become apparent upon review of the following drawings, detailed description and claims. Additionally, other embodiments are disclosed, and each of the embodiments can be used alone or together in combination. The embodiments will now be described with reference to the attached drawings.
As discussed in the background, copyback operations are “blind” in that the data is moved without being checked. In one embodiment, at least part of the data copied in the copyback process is checked during the copyback process. For example, after the copyback data is read into the internal flash buffer, a part of the copyback data stored in the internal flash buffer is analyzed to determine whether there are any errors in a part of the copyback data read.
One example of copyback data read into the internal flash is data in the source page. The data in the source page may include user data, metadata, and potentially spare data. Examples of metadata include logical block addresses (LBAs) of the user data and the relative age of the LBAs. Spare data includes one or more unused bytes in the source page.
In one aspect, part (or all) of the spare data stored in the internal flash buffer is analyzed to determine whether there is a problem in the copyback programming. To perform the analysis, part (or all) of the spare data may be moved external to the flash memory chip, such as from the internal flash buffer to a buffer within the controller of the flash memory, as discussed in more detail below. The controller may then analyze the spare data in order to determine whether there is a problem with the copyback programming.
The controller's analysis may include comparing an expected value of the spare data with the actual value of the spare data. In one embodiment, the expected value is a predetermined integrity check data value (such as ‘FF00’), which may have been programmed previously into the source page prior to the start of the copyback operation. In another embodiment, the expected value is an initialization value that was programmed as part of an initialization. For example, prior to use of the source page, the source page is initialized with ‘FF’ values. In this way, the expected value of ‘FF’ need not be programmed in an operation separate from the initialization.
The comparison of the expected value with the actual value may indicate whether there is a problem with the copyback programming. For example, the analysis may indicate that one or more bytes of spare data include errors. The number of bytes that include errors may indicate that other data in the copyback programming, including the user data and the metadata, may have errors as well.
The controller's analysis may be used by the flash memory device in one or more ways related to the data associated with the current copyback operation, subsequent copyback operations, and subsequent treatment of the section in memory associated with the source page.
In one aspect, the controller's analysis may be used to modify or change the data associated with the current copyback operation, such as modify the data stored in the internal flash buffer or modify the data after it is stored back into non-volatile memory. For example, if the number of bytes in error is above a predetermined number, one or more bytes stored in the internal flash buffer (such as part (or all) of the spare data in the internal flash buffer) may be modified. As another example, the controller's analysis may be used to modify subsequent treatment of the data in the current copyback operation. For example, if the number of bytes in error is above a predetermined number, it may be determined that some (or all) of the data in the current copyback operations should be verified. So that, after copying of the data to the destination page in flash memory, the data may be verified by the controller using ECC.
In another aspect, the controller's analysis may be used to modify a subsequent copyback operation. For example, if the number of bytes in error is above a predetermined number, subsequent or future copyback operations for a particular part of the flash memory device (such as the block associated with the source page) may be prevented. Instead, updating of the pages in the block associated with the source page may be performed by copying to the buffer within the controller and by using the controller to perform ECC on the copied data.
In yet another aspect, the controller's analysis may be used to modify subsequent treatment of the section in flash memory associated with the source page. For example, if the number of bytes in error is above a predetermined number, it may be determined that part of the non-volatile memory (such as the block associated with the source page) may be reclaimed.
A flash memory device 102 suitable for use in implementing a copyback operation is shown in
The host system 100 of
The flash memory device 102 of
The flash memory 116 may include one or more flash memory chips 130. The flash memory chip 130 includes a flash memory array 120, which is a non-volatile memory, and a flash memory buffer 128, which is a volatile memory.
Functionally, the system controller 118 may include a controller 122, which may comprises a processor, control logic, or the like. The system controller may also include controller firmware 124 for coordinating operation of the flash memory 116, such as monitoring copyback programming as disclosed below in
For example, the system controller 118 may initiate the copyback operation by sending a command to a particular flash memory chip in the flash memory 116 to move data from a source page of non-volatile memory into the flash memory buffer of the particular flash memory chip. This is discussed, for example, at 202 in
The memory cells may be operated to store more than two detectable levels of charge in each charge storage element or region, thereby to store more than one bit of data in each. This configuration is referred to as multi level cell (MLC) memory. Alternatively, the memory cells may be operated to store two levels of charge so that a single bit of data is stored in each cell. This is typically referred to as a binary or single level cell (SLC) memory. Both types of memory cells may be used in a memory, for example binary flash memory may be used for caching data and MLC memory may be used for longer term storage. The charge storage elements of the memory cells are most commonly conductive floating gates but may alternatively be non-conductive dielectric charge trapping material.
In implementations of MLC memory operated to store two bits of data in each memory cell, each memory cell is configured to store four levels of charge corresponding to values of “11,” “01,” “10,” and “00.” Each bit of the two bits of data may represent a page bit of a lower page or a page bit of an upper page, where the lower page and upper page span across a series of memory cells sharing a common word line. Typically, the less significant bit of the two bits of data represents a page bit of a lower page and the more significant bit of the two bits of data represents a page bit of an upper page.
As discussed above, copyback operations are typically “blind” in that the data is moved without being checked. As a result, any bit error from the source page cannot be detected and will be copied into the destination page, resulting in propagation and accumulation of the bit error. Errors may be due, for example, to over-programming, which may cause bits in the memory cells to gain charge, and to retention loss, which may cause bits in the memory cells to lose charge. The charge in the cells of the flash memory may thus move due to the various errors, resulting in the bits to move as well, such as to the adjacent right or left state by over-programming or retention.
As discussed below, a part of the data (such as the spare data) stored in the flash buffer memory 128 is analyzed. The analysis of the spare data may be used to determine if the majority movement is towards charge gain or charge loss in a flash memory cell. For example, in a flash memory with a bit assignment, by upper page and lower page bit, of 11, 01, 00, and 10, over-programming may cause ‘1’s to tend to ‘0’ and retention loss may cause ‘0’s to tend to ‘1’s. For the analysis of the spare data to account for both over-programming and retention loss, the spare bits may be programmed with both ‘1’s and ‘0’s (such as FF). Alternatively, if the analysis is only focusing on one of the errors, then the spare bits may include only ‘1’s, so that no preprogramming of a special sequence is necessary.
Referring to
Similar to
At 214, the controller 122 determines whether to disable subsequent copyback operations. If so, at 216, the controller 122 logs disabling of subsequent copyback operations for a part of the flash non-volatile memory, such as for the source page or for the entire block associated with the source page. At 218, the controller 122 determines whether to correct the data in the copyback operation. If so, at 220, the data is corrected and moved to flash non-volatile memory.
At 222, the controller 122 determines whether to reclaim part of the non-volatile memory. If the analysis indicates serious errors in the copyback data (such as numerous errors in the spare data stored in the flash volatile memory), the controller 122 may determine that a section of memory should be reclaimed and no longer used. If so, at 224, a part of the flash non-volatile memory (such as the block associated with the source page) is indicated to be reclaimed. At 226, the data in the flash volatile memory is written to the flash non-volatile memory.
Optionally, at 414, copyback is disabled for the block associated with the source page. The determination whether to disable copyback for the block associated with the source page may be based on a first predetermined number of “spare” bytes that are in error (as shown in
It is intended that the foregoing detailed description be understood as an illustration of selected forms that the invention can take and not as a definition of the invention. It is only the following claims, including all equivalents, which are intended to define the scope of this invention. Also, some of the following claims may state that a component is operative to perform a certain function or configured for a certain task. It should be noted that these are not restrictive limitations. It should also be noted that the acts recited in the claims can be performed in any order and not necessarily in the order in which they are recited.
This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/498,583, filed Jun. 19, 2011, the entirety of U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/498,583 is hereby incorporated by reference herein.
Number | Name | Date | Kind |
---|---|---|---|
4916652 | Schwarz et al. | Apr 1990 | A |
5519847 | Fandrich et al. | May 1996 | A |
5530705 | Malone, Sr. | Jun 1996 | A |
5537555 | Landry et al. | Jul 1996 | A |
5551003 | Mattson et al. | Aug 1996 | A |
5657332 | Auclair et al. | Aug 1997 | A |
5666114 | Brodie et al. | Sep 1997 | A |
5708849 | Coke et al. | Jan 1998 | A |
5943692 | Marberg et al. | Aug 1999 | A |
5982664 | Watanabe | Nov 1999 | A |
6000006 | Bruce et al. | Dec 1999 | A |
6016560 | Wada et al. | Jan 2000 | A |
6018304 | Bessios | Jan 2000 | A |
6070074 | Perahia et al. | May 2000 | A |
6138261 | Wilcoxson et al. | Oct 2000 | A |
6182264 | Ott | Jan 2001 | B1 |
6192092 | Dizon et al. | Feb 2001 | B1 |
6295592 | Jeddeloh | Sep 2001 | B1 |
6311263 | Barlow et al. | Oct 2001 | B1 |
6442076 | Roohparvar | Aug 2002 | B1 |
6449625 | Wang | Sep 2002 | B1 |
6484224 | Robins et al. | Nov 2002 | B1 |
6516437 | Van Stralen et al. | Feb 2003 | B1 |
6678788 | O'Connell | Jan 2004 | B1 |
6757768 | Potter et al. | Jun 2004 | B1 |
6775792 | Ulrich et al. | Aug 2004 | B2 |
6810440 | Micalizzi, Jr. et al. | Oct 2004 | B2 |
6836808 | Bunce et al. | Dec 2004 | B2 |
6836815 | Purcell et al. | Dec 2004 | B1 |
6842436 | Moeller | Jan 2005 | B2 |
6871257 | Conley et al. | Mar 2005 | B2 |
6895464 | Chow et al. | May 2005 | B2 |
6978343 | Ichiriu | Dec 2005 | B1 |
6980985 | Amer-Yahia et al. | Dec 2005 | B1 |
6981205 | Fukushima et al. | Dec 2005 | B2 |
6988171 | Beardsley et al. | Jan 2006 | B2 |
7020017 | Chen et al. | Mar 2006 | B2 |
7032123 | Kane et al. | Apr 2006 | B2 |
7043505 | Teague et al. | May 2006 | B1 |
7100002 | Shrader et al. | Aug 2006 | B2 |
7111293 | Hersh et al. | Sep 2006 | B1 |
7162678 | Saliba | Jan 2007 | B2 |
7173852 | Gorobets et al. | Feb 2007 | B2 |
7184446 | Rashid et al. | Feb 2007 | B2 |
7328377 | Lewis et al. | Feb 2008 | B1 |
7516292 | Kimura et al. | Apr 2009 | B2 |
7523157 | Aguilar, Jr. et al. | Apr 2009 | B2 |
7527466 | Simmons | May 2009 | B2 |
7529466 | Takahashi | May 2009 | B2 |
7571277 | Mizushima | Aug 2009 | B2 |
7574554 | Tanaka et al. | Aug 2009 | B2 |
7596643 | Merry, Jr. et al. | Sep 2009 | B2 |
7681106 | Jarrar et al. | Mar 2010 | B2 |
7685494 | Varnica et al. | Mar 2010 | B1 |
7707481 | Kirschner et al. | Apr 2010 | B2 |
7761655 | Mizushima et al. | Jul 2010 | B2 |
7774390 | Shin | Aug 2010 | B2 |
7840762 | Oh et al. | Nov 2010 | B2 |
7870326 | Shin et al. | Jan 2011 | B2 |
7890818 | Kong et al. | Feb 2011 | B2 |
7913022 | Baxter | Mar 2011 | B1 |
7925960 | Ho et al. | Apr 2011 | B2 |
7934052 | Prins et al. | Apr 2011 | B2 |
7954041 | Hong et al. | May 2011 | B2 |
7971112 | Murata | Jun 2011 | B2 |
7974368 | Shieh et al. | Jul 2011 | B2 |
7978516 | Olbrich et al. | Jul 2011 | B2 |
7996642 | Smith | Aug 2011 | B1 |
8006161 | Lestable et al. | Aug 2011 | B2 |
8032724 | Smith | Oct 2011 | B1 |
8069390 | Lin | Nov 2011 | B2 |
8190967 | Hong et al. | May 2012 | B2 |
8254181 | Hwang et al. | Aug 2012 | B2 |
8312349 | Reche et al. | Nov 2012 | B2 |
8412985 | Bowers et al. | Apr 2013 | B1 |
20020024846 | Kawahara et al. | Feb 2002 | A1 |
20020083299 | Van Huben et al. | Jun 2002 | A1 |
20020152305 | Jackson et al. | Oct 2002 | A1 |
20020162075 | Talagala et al. | Oct 2002 | A1 |
20020165896 | Kim | Nov 2002 | A1 |
20030041299 | Kanazawa et al. | Feb 2003 | A1 |
20030043829 | Rashid et al. | Mar 2003 | A1 |
20030088805 | Majni et al. | May 2003 | A1 |
20030093628 | Matter et al. | May 2003 | A1 |
20030188045 | Jacobson | Oct 2003 | A1 |
20030189856 | Cho et al. | Oct 2003 | A1 |
20030198100 | Matsushita et al. | Oct 2003 | A1 |
20030212719 | Yasuda et al. | Nov 2003 | A1 |
20040024957 | Lin et al. | Feb 2004 | A1 |
20040024963 | Talagala et al. | Feb 2004 | A1 |
20040073829 | Olarig | Apr 2004 | A1 |
20040153902 | Machado et al. | Aug 2004 | A1 |
20040181734 | Saliba | Sep 2004 | A1 |
20040199714 | Estakhri et al. | Oct 2004 | A1 |
20040237018 | Riley | Nov 2004 | A1 |
20050060456 | Shrader et al. | Mar 2005 | A1 |
20050060501 | Shrader et al. | Mar 2005 | A1 |
20050114587 | Chou et al. | May 2005 | A1 |
20050172065 | Keays | Aug 2005 | A1 |
20050172207 | Radke et al. | Aug 2005 | A1 |
20050193161 | Lee et al. | Sep 2005 | A1 |
20050201148 | Chen et al. | Sep 2005 | A1 |
20050231765 | So et al. | Oct 2005 | A1 |
20050257120 | Gorobets et al. | Nov 2005 | A1 |
20050273560 | Hulbert et al. | Dec 2005 | A1 |
20050289314 | Adusumilli et al. | Dec 2005 | A1 |
20060039196 | Gorobets et al. | Feb 2006 | A1 |
20060053246 | Lee | Mar 2006 | A1 |
20060085671 | Majni et al. | Apr 2006 | A1 |
20060136570 | Pandya | Jun 2006 | A1 |
20060156177 | Kottapalli et al. | Jul 2006 | A1 |
20060195650 | Su et al. | Aug 2006 | A1 |
20060259528 | Dussud et al. | Nov 2006 | A1 |
20070011413 | Nonaka et al. | Jan 2007 | A1 |
20070058446 | Hwang et al. | Mar 2007 | A1 |
20070061597 | Holtzman et al. | Mar 2007 | A1 |
20070076479 | Kim et al. | Apr 2007 | A1 |
20070081408 | Kwon et al. | Apr 2007 | A1 |
20070083697 | Birrell et al. | Apr 2007 | A1 |
20070113019 | Beukema et al. | May 2007 | A1 |
20070133312 | Roohparvar | Jun 2007 | A1 |
20070147113 | Mokhlesi et al. | Jun 2007 | A1 |
20070150790 | Gross et al. | Jun 2007 | A1 |
20070157064 | Falik et al. | Jul 2007 | A1 |
20070174579 | Shin | Jul 2007 | A1 |
20070180188 | Fujibayashi et al. | Aug 2007 | A1 |
20070208901 | Purcell et al. | Sep 2007 | A1 |
20070234143 | Kim | Oct 2007 | A1 |
20070245061 | Harriman | Oct 2007 | A1 |
20070277036 | Chamberlain et al. | Nov 2007 | A1 |
20070291556 | Kamei | Dec 2007 | A1 |
20070294496 | Goss et al. | Dec 2007 | A1 |
20070300130 | Gorobets | Dec 2007 | A1 |
20080019182 | Yanagidaira et al. | Jan 2008 | A1 |
20080022163 | Tanaka et al. | Jan 2008 | A1 |
20080052446 | Lasser et al. | Feb 2008 | A1 |
20080077841 | Gonzalez et al. | Mar 2008 | A1 |
20080077937 | Shin et al. | Mar 2008 | A1 |
20080086677 | Yang et al. | Apr 2008 | A1 |
20080144371 | Yeh et al. | Jun 2008 | A1 |
20080147964 | Chow et al. | Jun 2008 | A1 |
20080147998 | Jeong | Jun 2008 | A1 |
20080148124 | Zhang et al. | Jun 2008 | A1 |
20080163030 | Lee | Jul 2008 | A1 |
20080168191 | Biran et al. | Jul 2008 | A1 |
20080168319 | Lee et al. | Jul 2008 | A1 |
20080170460 | Oh et al. | Jul 2008 | A1 |
20080229000 | Kim | Sep 2008 | A1 |
20080229003 | Mizushima et al. | Sep 2008 | A1 |
20080229176 | Arnez et al. | Sep 2008 | A1 |
20080270680 | Chang | Oct 2008 | A1 |
20080282128 | Lee et al. | Nov 2008 | A1 |
20080285351 | Shlick et al. | Nov 2008 | A1 |
20090003058 | Kang | Jan 2009 | A1 |
20090037652 | Yu et al. | Feb 2009 | A1 |
20090144598 | Yoon et al. | Jun 2009 | A1 |
20090168525 | Olbrich et al. | Jul 2009 | A1 |
20090172258 | Olbrich et al. | Jul 2009 | A1 |
20090172259 | Prins et al. | Jul 2009 | A1 |
20090172260 | Olbrich et al. | Jul 2009 | A1 |
20090172261 | Prins et al. | Jul 2009 | A1 |
20090172262 | Olbrich et al. | Jul 2009 | A1 |
20090172308 | Prins et al. | Jul 2009 | A1 |
20090172335 | Kulkarni et al. | Jul 2009 | A1 |
20090172499 | Olbrich et al. | Jul 2009 | A1 |
20090193058 | Reid | Jul 2009 | A1 |
20090207660 | Hwang et al. | Aug 2009 | A1 |
20090222708 | Yamaga | Sep 2009 | A1 |
20090228761 | Perlmutter et al. | Sep 2009 | A1 |
20090296466 | Kim et al. | Dec 2009 | A1 |
20090296486 | Kim et al. | Dec 2009 | A1 |
20090319864 | Shrader | Dec 2009 | A1 |
20100061151 | Miwa et al. | Mar 2010 | A1 |
20100103737 | Park | Apr 2010 | A1 |
20100161936 | Royer et al. | Jun 2010 | A1 |
20100199125 | Reche | Aug 2010 | A1 |
20100202196 | Lee et al. | Aug 2010 | A1 |
20100208521 | Kim et al. | Aug 2010 | A1 |
20100262889 | Bains | Oct 2010 | A1 |
20100281207 | Miller et al. | Nov 2010 | A1 |
20100281342 | Chang et al. | Nov 2010 | A1 |
20110083060 | Sakurada et al. | Apr 2011 | A1 |
20110113281 | Zhang et al. | May 2011 | A1 |
20110131444 | Buch et al. | Jun 2011 | A1 |
20110173378 | Filor et al. | Jul 2011 | A1 |
20110205823 | Hemink et al. | Aug 2011 | A1 |
20110213920 | Frost et al. | Sep 2011 | A1 |
20110228601 | Olbrich et al. | Sep 2011 | A1 |
20110231600 | Tanaka et al. | Sep 2011 | A1 |
20120096217 | Son et al. | Apr 2012 | A1 |
20120110250 | Sabbag et al. | May 2012 | A1 |
20120151253 | Horn | Jun 2012 | A1 |
20120195126 | Roohparvar | Aug 2012 | A1 |
20120239976 | Cometti et al. | Sep 2012 | A1 |
20120284587 | Yu et al. | Nov 2012 | A1 |
Number | Date | Country |
---|---|---|
1465203 | Oct 2004 | EP |
1 990 921 | Nov 2008 | EP |
2002-532806 | Oct 2002 | JP |
WO 2007036834 | Apr 2007 | WO |
WO 2007080586 | Jul 2007 | WO |
WO 2008121553 | Oct 2008 | WO |
WO 2008121577 | Oct 2008 | WO |
WO 2009028281 | Mar 2009 | WO |
WO 2009032945 | Mar 2009 | WO |
WO 2009058140 | May 2009 | WO |
WO 2009084724 | Jul 2009 | WO |
WO 2009134576 | Nov 2009 | WO |
Entry |
---|
SanDisk Enterprise, ISR/WO, PCT/US2012/042764, Aug. 31, 2012, 12 pgs. |
SanDisk Enterprise, Office Action, Japanese Patent Application No. 2010-540863, Jul. 24, 2012, 3 pgs. |
Sandisk Enterprise, ISR/WO, PCT/US2012/059459, Feb. 14, 2013, 9 pgs. |
SanDisk Enterprise, Office Action, CN 200880127623.8, Dec. 31, 2012, 9 pgs. |
Sandisk Enterprise IP LLC, ISR/WO, PCT/US2012/042771, Mar. 4, 2013, 14 pgs. |
Kang, A Multi-Channel Architecture for High-Performance NAND Flash-Based Storage System, J. Syst. Archit., 53, 9, Sep. 2007, 15 pgs. |
Watchdog Timer and Power Savin Modes, Microchip Technology Inc., 2005 14 pgs. |
SanDisk Enterprise IP LLC, Office Action, Chinese Patent Application 200880127623.8, Apr. 18, 2012, 20 pgs. |
SanDisk Enterprise IP LLC, International Search Report / Written Opinion, PCT/US2012/059447, Jun. 6, 2013, 12 pgs. |
SanDisk Enterprise IP LLC, International Search Report / Written Opinion, PCT/US2012/059453, Jun. 6, 2013, 12 pgs. |
SanDisk Enterprise IP LLC, International Search Report / Written Opinion, PCT/US2012/065914, May 23, 2013, 7 pgs. |
SanDisk Enterprise IP LLC, International Search Report / Written Opinion, PCT/US2012/065916, Apr. 5, 2013, 7 pgs. |
SanDisk Enterprise IP LLC, International Search Report / Written Opinion, PCT/US2012/065919, Jun. 17, 2013, 8 pgs. |
SanDisk Enterprise IP LLC, Notification of the Decision to Grant a Patent Right for Patent for Invention, CN 200880127623.8, Jul. 4, 2013, 1 pg. |
SanDisk Enterprise, ISR/WO, PCT/US2012/042775, Sep. 26, 2012, 8 pgs. |
Barr, Introduction to Watchdog Timers, Oct. 2001, 3 pgs. |
Kim, A Space-Efficient Flash Translation Layer for CompactFlash Systems, IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics, vol. 48, No. 2, May 2002, pp. 366-375. |
McLean, Information Technology—AT Attachment with Packet Interface Extension, Aug. 19, 1998, 339 pgs. |
Park, A High Performance Controller for NAND Flash-based Solid State Disk (NSSD), Feb. 12-16, 2006, 4 pgs. |
Pliant Technology, Inc., International Search Report and Written Opinion, PCT/US08/88133, Mar. 19, 2009, 7 pgs. |
Pliant Technology, Inc., International Search Report and Written Opinion, PCT/US08/88136, Mar. 19, 2009, 7 pgs. |
Pliant Technology, Inc., International Search Report and Written Opinion, PCT/US08/88146, Feb. 26, 2009, 10 pgs. |
Pliant Technology, Inc., International Search Report and Written Opinion, PCT/US08/88154, Feb. 27, 2009, 8 pgs. |
Pliant Technology, Inc., International Search Report and Written Opinion, PCT/US08/88164, Feb. 13, 2009, 8 pgs. |
Pliant Technology, Inc., International Search Report and Written Opinion, PCT/US08/88206, Feb. 18, 2009, 7 pgs. |
Pliant Technology, Inc., International Search Report and Written Opinion, PCT/US08/88217, Feb. 19, 2009, 7 pgs. |
Pliant Technology, Inc., International Search Report and Written Opinion, PCT/US08/88229, Feb. 13, 2009, 7 pgs. |
Pliant Technology, Inc. , International Search Report and Written Opinion, PCT/US08/88232, Feb. 19, 2009, 8 pgs. |
Pliant Technology, Inc. , International Search Report and Written Opinion, PCT/US08/88236, Feb. 19, 2009, 7 pgs. |
Pliant Technology, Inc., International Search Report and Written Opinion, PCT/US2011/028637, Oct. 27, 2011, 11 pgs. |
Pliant Technology, Inc., Supplementary European Search Report, 08866997.3, Feb. 23, 2012, 6 pgs. |
Zeidman, Verilog Designer's Library, 1999, 9 pgs. |
Canim, Buffered Bloom ilters on Solid State Storage, ADMS*10, Singapore, Sep. 13-17, 2010, 8 pgs. |
Lu, A Forest-structured Bloom Filter with Flash Memory, MSST 2011, Denver, CO, May 23-27, 2011, article, 6 pgs. |
Lu, A Forest-structured Bloom Filter with Flash Memory, MSST 2011, Denver, CO, May 23-27, 2011, presentation slides, 25 pgs. |
International Search Report and Written Opinion dated Mar. 7, 2014, received in International Patent Application No. PCT/US2013/074772, which corresponds to U.S. Appl. No. 13/831,218, 10 pages (George). |
International Search Report and Written Opinion dated Mar. 24, 2014, received in International Patent Application No. PCT/US2013/074777, which corresponds to U.S. Appl. No. 13/831,308, 10 pages (George). |
International Search Report and Written Opinion dated Mar. 7, 2014, received in International Patent Application No. PCT/US2013/074779, which corresponds to U.S. Appl. No. 13/831,374, 8 pages (George). |
International Search Report and Written Opinion dated May 14, 2014, received in International Patent Application No. PCT/US2014/017168, which corresponds to U.S. Appl. No. 14/076,115, 6 pages (Fitzpatrick). |
International Search Report and Written Opinion dated May 14, 2014, received in International Patent Application No. PCT/US2014/017169, which corresponds to U.S. Appl. No. 14/076,148, 6 pages (Fitzpatrick). |
Number | Date | Country | |
---|---|---|---|
20120324277 A1 | Dec 2012 | US |
Number | Date | Country | |
---|---|---|---|
61498583 | Jun 2011 | US |