Patent Application
20090095474
The present invention relates in general to wellbore operations and more specifically to a method and system for creating fractures in a reservoir formation surrounding a wellbore.
The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not constitute prior art.
It is often desired to create fractures in the earthen formation surrounding a wellbore to stimulate the productivity and/or injectivity of the formation. It is a desire of the present invention to provide a system and method for selectively placing and creating hydraulic fractures in a reservoir formation. It is a still further desire to provide a system and method for selectively placing and creating hydraulic fractures in a wellbore while drilling the wellbore.
In view of the foregoing and other considerations, the present invention relates to fracturing subterranean formations via a wellbore and more specifically to fracturing the formation while drilling the wellbore.
Accordingly, a fracturing system, bottomhole assembly and methods for fracturing subterranean formations are provided. One method of fracturing a formation while drilling a wellbore includes the steps of: providing a bottomhole assembly (“BHA”) having a reamer positioned above a pilot hole assembly; connecting the BHA to a drill string; actuating the BHA to drill a first wellbore section with the reamer and to drill a pilot hole with the pilot hole assembly; hydraulically sealing the pilot hole from the first wellbore section; and fracturing the formation proximate the pilot hole.
An example of a bottomhole assembly for fracturing a formation proximate a section of a wellbore includes: a drill bit; a reamer positioned above the drill bit and adapted to create a larger diameter wellbore section in the formation than a pilot hole formed in the formation by the drill bit; a by-pass sub positioned between the drill bit and the reamer; and a mechanism for substantially hydraulically sealing the pilot hole formed from the wellbore section formed.
The foregoing has outlined some of the features and technical advantages of the present invention in order that the detailed description of the invention that follows may be better understood. Additional features and advantages of the invention will be described hereinafter which form the subject of the claims of the invention.
The foregoing and other features and aspects of the present invention will be best understood with reference to the following detailed description of a specific embodiment of the invention, when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:
In the following description, numerous details are set forth to provide an understanding of the present invention. It should be noted that in the development of any such actual embodiment, numerous implementation—specific decisions must be made to achieve the developer's specific goals, such as compliance with system related and business related constraints, which will vary from one implementation to another. Moreover, it will be appreciated that such a development effort might be complex and time consuming but would nevertheless be a routine undertaking for those of ordinary skill in the art having the benefit of this disclosure, and that numerous variations or modifications from the described embodiments are possible. Further, the description and examples are presented solely for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the invention and should not be construed as a limitation to the scope and applicability of the invention.
Refer now to the drawings wherein depicted elements are not necessarily shown to scale and wherein like or similar elements are designated by the same reference numeral through the several views.
As used herein, the terms “up” and “down”; “upper” and “lower”; and other like terms indicating relative positions to a given point or element are utilized to more clearly describe some elements of the embodiments of the invention. Commonly, these terms relate to a reference point as the surface from which drilling operations are initiated as being the top point and the total depth of the well being the lowest point.
BHA 18 is utilized to drill wellbore 12 and to form fractures or channels 20 in the formation 22 surrounding wellbore 12. It is a desire of the present invention to selectively create fractures 20 at the desired location. It is a further desire of the present invention to selectively create fractures 20 while drilling wellbore 12 reducing the expense of multiple trips into the well to fracture multiple zones in the well.
BHA 18 is run into wellbore 12 on a drill string 24. Drill string 24 may include various types of wellbore conveyances including jointed pipe and coiled tubing. In the illustrated example drill string 24 is constructed of jointed pipe. Drill string 24 is functionally connected proximate the surface 26 of the well to a hydraulic system 28 and drilling rig 30. Drilling rig 30 may include various apparatus, such as surface rigs, workover units, coiled tubing units, drilling ships, platforms and the like that are utilized for drilling or working over wells. Hydraulic system 28 may include various elements such as without limitation pumps and fluid reservoirs or tanks for providing a hydraulic fracturing fluid when desired.
Reamer-sealer 14 may include a first drilling device 14a and a sealing mechanism 14b. First drilling device 14a may be a reamer, drill bit or other formation 22 cutting tool. Sealing mechanism 14b may be a separate element from reamer 14a, incorporated into reamer 14a, or may be reamer 14a utilized as a sealing mechanism. Reamer-sealer 14 is positioned above pilot hole assembly 16 relative to surface 26 such that first drilling device 14a creates a first wellbore section 38 and pilot hole assembly 16 drills or forms pilot hole 40.
Pilot hole assembly 16 includes a second drilling device 32 and a by-pass sub 34. Second drilling device 32 may be a drill bit or other tool, such as a reamer, adapted to cut or drill a bore into formation 22. Pilot hole assembly 16 may include additional elements general denoted by the numeral 36. Elements 36 may include measurement while drilling (MWD) tools, logging-while-drilling (LWD) tools, a mud motor or other driving mechanism in connection with drill bit 32.
Reamer 14a is selected so as to create a larger diameter hole than created by drill bit 32. In operation reamer 14a creates first wellbore section 38 having a diameter “X” which is larger than the pilot hole 40 portion of wellbore 12 having a diameter “Y”. The departure of pilot hole section 40 from wellbore 38 creates shoulder or upset 42.
In the illustrated example, sealer 14b is adapted for creating a hydraulic seal at upset 42 sufficient to fracture formation region 22a proximate pilot hole 38. For example, weight may be put down on reamer-sealer 14 via drill string 24 creating the seal at upset 42. Additionally a sealing element, such as an inflatable device may be utilized to effect the desired seal. It may further be desired to provide the seal proximate upset 42 and between BHA 18 and wellbore 12 or drill string 24 and wellbore 12, for example with an expandable or inflatable packer or the like.
Examples of the operation of fracturing system 10 of the present invention are now described. A method of fracturing a formation 22 surrounding the wellbore 12 includes the steps of operating a bottomhole assembly 18 to drill a first wellbore section 38 and a pilot hole 40; hydraulically sealing the pilot hole proximate to BHA 18; and creating fractures 20 in the formation 22a proximate to pilot hole 40. Fracturing formation 22a may be accomplished by pumping fluid through drill string 24, out of by-pass sub 34 into hydraulically sealed pilot hole 40 overcoming the fracture pressure of formation 22a creating channels 20.
After fracturing formation 22a, the hydraulic seal may be released and then BHA 18 may be actuated or operated, such as by rotation of drill string 24 and/or activation of a mud motor 36 to expand or drill pilot hole 40 out to the diameter of first wellbore section 38 and substantially simultaneously drilling a subsequent pilot hole 40′. The expanded diameter of pilot hole 40 is indicated by the dashed line designated 38′. The subsequent pilot hole is designated by the numeral 40′ indicated by the dashed lines.
An example of a BHA 18 of the present invention for fracturing a formation penetrated by a wellbore includes a drill bit 32, a reamer 14a, a by-pass sub 34, and a mechanism 14b for substantially hydraulically sealing a portion of the wellbore. Reamer 14a may be positioned above drill bit 32 and adapted to created a wellbore section 38 having a larger diameter than a pilot hole 40 formed in formation 22 by drill bit 32.
From the foregoing detailed description of specific embodiments of the invention, it should be apparent that a system for creating fractures in formations while drilling the wellbore that is novel has been disclosed. Although specific embodiments of the invention have been disclosed herein in some detail, this has been done solely for the purposes of describing various features and aspects of the invention, and is not intended to be limiting with respect to the scope of the invention. It is contemplated that various substitutions, alterations, and/or modifications, including but not limited to those implementation variations which may have been suggested herein, may be made to the disclosed embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims which follow.
