Patent Application
20100250160
1. Field of the Invention
At least one example in accordance with the present invention relates generally to systems and methods for providing uninterruptible power and more specifically to control systems and methods used to gather system information using a power device, such as an uninterruptible power supply (UPS).
2. Discussion of Related Art
The use of power devices, such as UPSs, to provide regulated, uninterrupted power for sensitive and/or critical loads, such as computer systems and other data processing systems, is known. A number of different UPS products are available including those identified under the trade name SMART-UPS from American Power Conversion Corporation of West Kingston R.I. In a typical UPS, a battery is used to provide backup power for a critical load during blackout or brownout conditions. A user of a typical UPS is able to configure and control the UPS either through a computer coupled to the UPS or through a user interface of the UPS itself.
Aspects in accord with the present invention are directed toward systems and methods for configuring a power device. According to one example, a method for providing information regarding a power device and at least one other device coupled to the power device is provided. The power device has data storage and an interface. The method includes acts of receiving, by the power device, system information associated with the at least one other device, the system information including configuration management information, storing, in the data storage, the system information associated with the at least one other device and providing the system information via the interface. In the method, the act of receiving, by the power device, the system information may include an act of receiving system information via an external system interface. Additionally, the act of providing the system information may include an act of transmitting the system information via an external system interface. Moreover, the act of providing the system information may include an act of displaying the system information in a user interface. Furthermore, the act of displaying the system information may include an act of displaying the system information in an alphanumeric display.
The method may further include an act of gathering performance information associated with the at least one other device. In the method, the act of gathering the performance information associated with the at least one other device may include an act of determining power consumption information by monitoring power drawn from a power outlet of the power device and the method further comprises determining configuration management information based in least in part on the power consumption information. In addition, the method may further include an act of sending a request for the system information to the at least one other device via an external system interface. Moreover, the method may further include an act of providing system information associated with the power device.
The method may further include an act of providing system information associated with peripherals of the power device. In the method, the act of providing the system information associated with peripherals of the power device may include an act of providing information associated with at least one of an external battery and a network management card. Additionally, the act of receiving, by the power device, the system information may include an act of receiving a name of a software application executing on the at least one other device. Further, the act of receiving, by the power device, the system information may include an act of receiving a version of the software application. Moreover, the act of receiving, by the power device, the system information may include an act of receiving a version of firmware of a peripheral of the at least one other device.
In another example, a power device is provided. The power device includes a housing, an input to receive power from a power source, an output operatively coupled to the input and configured to provide power, a user interface disposed within the housing, a data storage disposed within the housing and a controller coupled to the user interface and the data storage. The controller is configured to receive system information associated with at least one other device, the system information including configuration management information, store, in the data storage, the system information and provide the system information to an external entity.
The power device may further include an external system interface and the controller may be configured to receive system information via the external system interface. In addition, the controller configured to provide the system information to the external entity may be further configured to transmit the system information via the external system interface. Additionally, the controller configured to provide the system information to the external entity may be further configured to display the system information in the user interface. Furthermore, the user interface may include an alphanumeric display and the controller may be configured to display the system information in the alphanumeric display.
In the power device, the controller may be configured to gather performance information associated with the at least one other device. In addition, the controller may be further configured to gather power consumption information by monitoring power drawn from the output and determine configuration management information based in least in part on the power consumption information. Further, the controller may be configured to send a request for the system information to the at least one other device via an external system interface. Moreover, the controller may be configured to provide system information associated with the power device. Additionally, the controller may be configured to provide system information associated with peripherals of the power device. Furthermore, the controller may be configured to provide information associated with at least one of an external battery and a network management card.
In the power device, the controller may be configured to receive configuration management information including a name of a software application executing on the at least one other device. In addition, the controller may be configured to receive a version of the software application. Furthermore, the controller may be configured to receive a version of firmware of a peripheral of the at least one other device.
According to another example, another power device is provided. The power device includes a housing, an input to receive power from a power source, an output operatively coupled to the input and configured to provide power and a mechanism for receiving system information associated with at least one other device, the system information including configuration management information.
In the power device, the mechanism for receiving the system information may include a mechanism for receiving a name of a software application executing on the at least one other device. In addition, the mechanism for receiving the system information may include a mechanism for receiving a version of the software application. Furthermore, the mechanism for receiving the system information may include a mechanism for receiving a version of firmware of a peripheral of the at least one other device.
The accompanying drawings are not intended to be drawn to scale. In the drawings, each identical or nearly identical component that is illustrated in various FIGs. is represented by a like numeral. For purposes of clarity, not every component may be labeled in every drawing. In the drawings:
At least some examples in accordance with the present invention relate to systems and processes for providing improved control, monitoring and/or configuration of uninterruptible power supplies.
The aspects disclosed herein in accordance with the present invention, are not limited in their application to the details of construction and the arrangement of components set forth in the following description or illustrated in the drawings. These aspects are capable of assuming other examples and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways. Examples of specific implementations are provided herein for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to be limiting. In particular, acts, elements and features discussed in connection with any one or more examples are not intended to be excluded from a similar role in any other examples.
The UPS 10 operates as follows. The circuit breaker/filter 12 receives input AC power from the AC power source through the input 24, filters the input AC power and provides filtered AC power to the rectifier 14. The rectifier 14 rectifies the input voltage. The DC/DC converter 28 regulates DC power from the battery 18. The control switch 15 receives the rectified power and also receives the DC power from the DC/DC converter 28. The controller 16 determines whether the power available from the rectifier 14 is within predetermined tolerances, and if so, controls the control switch 15 to provide the power from the rectifier 14 to the inverter 20. If the power from the rectifier 14 is not within the predetermined tolerances, which may occur because of “brown out” or “black out” conditions, or due to power surges, then the controller 16 controls the control switch 15 to provide the DC power from the DC/DC Converter 28 to the inverter 20.
In an alternative example, the battery is coupled to the rectifier circuit and the rectifier functions as a boost converter on-line mode of operation and on-battery mode of operation as described in U.S. Pat. No. 7,402,921, entitled “Method and Apparatus For Providing Uninterruptible Power,” issued Jul. 22, 2008, which is hereby incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
The inverter 20 of the UPS 10 receives DC power and converts the DC power to AC power and regulates the AC power to predetermined specifications. The inverter 20 provides the regulated AC power to the isolation transformer 22. The isolation transformer 22 is used to increase or decrease the voltage of the AC power from the inverter 20 and to provide isolation between a load and the UPS 10. The isolation transformer 22 is an optional device, the use of which is dependent on UPS output power specifications. Depending on the capacity of the battery 18 and the power requirements of the load, the UPS 10 can provide power to the load during brief power source dropouts or for extended power outages.
Specific examples in accordance with the present invention include several variations of the UPS 10. For instance, in one example, the UPS 10 is configured to accept and distribute polyphase power, such as three phase power. In some examples, the outlet 26 includes a plurality of physical outlet groups, each of which includes a plurality of physical outlets. In other examples, the UPS 10 is configured to monitor and record, in data storage 32, the amount of power supplied via these outlet groups and outlets.
Returning to the example of
The data storage 32 stores computer readable information required for the operation of the UPS 10. This information may include, among other information, data subject to manipulation by the controller 16 and instructions that are executable by the controller 16 to manipulate data. Thus, in some embodiments, the data storage 32 can receive and store or retrieve and provide this computer readable information. The data storage 32 may include relatively high performance, volatile, random access memory such as a dynamic random access memory (DRAM) or static memory (SRAM) or may include a nonvolatile storage medium such as read-only memory (ROM), magnetic disk, flash memory, CD, DVD or one or more electrical switches, such as a dip switch. In one example, the data storage 32 includes both volatile and non-volatile storage. Various examples in accordance with the present invention can organize the data storage 32 into particularized and, in some cases, unique structures to perform the aspects and functions disclosed herein. In addition, these data structures may be specifically configured to conserve storage space or increase data exchange performance.
In one example, the data storage 32 includes data structures that house system information regarding the UPS 10 and devices coupled to it. Examples of system information are discussed below and include, among other information, configuration management information and performance information. The devices that may be coupled to the UPS 10 include any electronic device that requires power to function, such as, among others, computers, printers, routers, switches, automatic transfer switches and air conditioning units. Some devices may also include communication components, such as Ethernet or USB interfaces, that can be coupled to the UPS 10 via external system interface 34 to allow for enhanced communication between the device and the UPS 10.
Configuration management information may be any information that can be used to indentify attributes of the UPS 10 or other devices. Examples of configuration management information specific to a device include, among other information, manufacturer, model, serial number and version. In addition, configuration management information may also include manufacturer, model, serial number and version information for components included in the device, such as software installed on the device or identifiable hardware elements within the device.
Performance information may be any information that characterizes the operation of the UPS 10 or other devices. Examples of performance information include, among other information, device uptime information, operational logs and power consumption information. Power consumption information may include listed, i.e. nameplate, values and actual measured values for power consumption of the device.
The external system interface 34 exchanges data with one or more external devices. These external devices may include any device configured to communicate using standards and protocols supported by the UPS 10. Examples of specific standards and protocols that the external system interface 34 may support include parallel, serial, and USB interfaces. Other examples of these supported protocols and standards include networking technologies such as UDP, TCP/IP and Ethernet technologies. In at least some examples, the external system interface 34 includes a network management card (NMC) and a USB interface. In these examples, the external system interface 34 can receive or transmit data using either or both of these conduits.
The user interface 30 includes a display screen and a set of keys through which a user of the UPS 10 can monitor, control and configure operation of the UPS 10.
The user interface 30 functions as follows. The power button 40, when actuated, will cause the UPS 10 to toggle between power-on and power-off states. According to some examples, the UPS 10 performs a series of accompanying actions to better manage these power state transitions.
The set of indicators 42, 44, 46 and 48 provide various information regarding current and prior states of the UPS 10. For example, the UPS 10 may determine, by running a self-test, that the battery 18 needs to be replaced. In this instance, the UPS 10 illuminates the replace battery indicator 42 to communicate this information.
The on-line power indicator 48 and the on-battery power indicator 46 signal the current source of power to the load. An active on-line power indicator 48 signals that the UPS 10 is providing power to the load in a normal operating fashion, i.e. the source of the power is the AC received through the input 24. Conversely, an active on-battery power indicator 46 signals that the source of the power to the load is the battery 18.
In another example, the UPS 10 may determine, for a variety of reasons, that the attention of the user is needed. The reasons may include, among others, detection that the battery 18 is disconnected or that the battery 18 has been depleted by the load. In this case, the UPS 10 signals the need for user attention by activating the warning indicator 44. In addition, the UPS 10 may provide a description of the reason for the warning in the interface display 50.
The interface display 50, which can be fashioned by a variety of hardware components including Liquid Crystal Displays and Light Emitting Diodes, presents a wide variety of information to a user. In one example, the interface display 50 is an alphanumeric display that can display numerical and textual information. This information may include monitoring information, such as the status warnings discussed above. In addition, this information may include configuration information and prompts through which the UPS 10 collects information from the user. Together, the interface display 50 and buttons 52, 54, 56 and 58 provide the UPS 10 with more flexibility in exchanging information with the user than is available using conventional UPS technology.
In one example, UPS 10 includes an interface structure that the user can navigate using the interface display 50 and buttons 52, 54, 56 and 58. This interface structure may include a variety of elements related to one another in various ways. For example, the interface structure may be a hierarchical menu structure. The behavior initiated by actuation of the buttons 52, 54, 56 and 58 is dependent upon the current location of the user in the interface structure, as is the information displayed in the interface display 50.
For example, the current location of the user may be an intermediate location within the interface structure, i.e. the current location connects to other elements of the interface structure. In this situation, the interface display 50 displays one of a list of the other elements of the interface structure connected to the user's current location and the buttons 52, 54, 56 and 58 are configured to provide navigational functions. In this mode, the user can move through, and cause the interface display 50 to display each element of, the list of the elements of the interface structure that are connected to the current location. More precisely, the user can move up the list by actuating the scroll up button 52 and down the list by actuating the scroll down button 54. Furthermore, the user can navigate to the element of the interface structure currently displayed in interface display 50 by actuating the enter button 56. Conversely, the user can navigate to the user's previous location in the interface structure by actuating the escape button 58.
In another example, the current location of the user in the interface structure may cause the UPS 10 to display review information to the user via the interface display 50. This review information may be any information stored within the UPS 10 and may include, among other information, configuration information, operational information and information regarding other devices in communication with the UPS 10, such as devices to which the UPS 10 supplies power. In one example, the interface display 50 displays an element belonging to a list of review information and the buttons 52, 54, 56 and 58 are configured to provide review functions. Under this configuration, the user can move through, and cause the interface display 50 to display each element of, the list of review information. More specifically, and much like the navigational mode discussed above, the user can navigate up or down the list of review information by actuating the scroll up button 52 or the scroll down button 54. Furthermore, the user can navigate to the user's previous location in the interface structure by actuating the escape button 58. In at least some examples, actuation of the enter button 56, while in this mode, results in an error message explaining that the other keys are the valid keys at the user's current location within the interface structure.
According to another example, the current location of the user in the interface structure may cause the UPS 10 to prompt the user for information through the interface display 50. The information prompted for may be any information stored within the UPS 10 and may include, among other information, configuration information, information regarding the source of power into the UPS 10 and information regarding other devices in communication with the UPS 10, such as devices to which the UPS 10 supplies power, i.e. elements of the load. In this instance, the interface display 50 displays a prompt for information and the buttons 52, 54, 56 and 58 are configured to provide data entry functions. In this situation, the user can adjust the information displayed in the interface display 50 and enter responses to the prompts. More specifically, the user can change the response to the prompt using the scroll up button 52 or the scroll down button 54. For example, a user can toggle a Boolean value from true to false or from yes to no by actuating either of buttons 52 or 54. In another example, the user can increase or decrease a numerical answer displayed in the prompt by actuating the scroll up button 52 or the scroll down button 54. In still another example, the user can scroll up or down a list of answers using the scroll up button 52 or the scroll down button 54. In addition, the user can enter the currently displayed response to the prompt by actuating the enter button 56. The user can also exit the prompt without responding to the prompt by actuating the escape key 58. Thus, the particular arrangement and function of the user interface 30 provides users with sundry advantages over conventional UPS interfaces.
The user interface shown in
Some examples in accordance with the present invention relate to gathering of system information for the UPS 10 and devices coupled to it. In these examples, the UPS 10 can act as an information hub for itself and the devices coupled to it by receiving and storing system information on the data storage 32 for later retrieval and provision to external entities, such as users or systems. In one example, the UPS 10 provides system information via the user interface 30 or the external system interface 34.
In the example shown, the UPS 10 gathers, stores and provides system information for itself and the elements of the load 300. In this example, the UPS 10 gathers configuration management information for devices 302 and 304 by requesting the configuration management information via the external system interface 34. In response to this request, the devices 302 and 304 provide the requested configuration management information to the UPS 10 via the external system interface 34. In addition, the device 302 provides configuration information regarding the peripheral device 308. The UPS 10 also gathers configuration management information regarding itself and its components, including any installed peripherals. The UPS 10 then stores this configuration management information in the data storage 32 for later use.
In other examples, the devices 302 and 304 provide system information without receiving a request from the UPS 10. In these examples, the devices may provide system information to the UPS 10 upon occurrence of specific events, such as installation and power-up, or at predefined time intervals. Additionally, in these and other examples, the devices 302 and 304 can communicate with the UPS 10 using a variety of communication standards. For instance, in the example shown in
Continuing this example, the UPS 10 gathers power consumption information for the devices 302, 304 and 306 by monitoring the power supplied to the devices via the outlet 26. The UPS 10 may monitor the power individually supplied to each device using a variety of techniques, including monitoring individual outlet groups, individual outlets or individual power phases. The UPS 10 then stores this power consumption information in the data storage 32 for later use.
In one example, the UPS 10 determines configuration management information for devices that are coupled to the UPS 10 via the outlet 26, but that are not able to communicate with the UPS 10 via the external system interface 34. In these examples, the UPS 10 compares power consumption benchmarks that are stored in data storage 32 with the gathered power consumption information pertaining to the device to match the device to one or more potential devices. This technique is described in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/766,187, entitled “Method and System for Determining Physical Location of Equipment,” filed Jun. 21, 2007, which is hereby incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
Referring to the example of
In various examples, the screens used by the UPS 10 to present the system information can be organized into a variety of layouts.
Also in the example of
In another example, the UPS 10 exposes the interface functionality discussed herein through the external system interface 34. In this example, the UPS 10 provides an interface application program interface (API) that includes a set of standards for invoking the interface functionality of the UPS 10. The specific interface functions that may be invoked using the interface API include any interface functionality provide by the UPS 10. Thus, using an external system that is configured to interact with the UPS 10 via the interface API, the user can, for example, shutdown the UPS 10, retrieve or store values for specific operational parameters in the data storage 32, or display information on the interface display 50 or on the external system.
It should be appreciated that even though examples in accordance with the present invention are described herein for use with an on-line UPS, some examples may be used with other UPS topologies including off-line and line interactive UPS's. Further, at least some examples described herein may be used with power devices other than UPS's including, but not limited to, outlet strips, power converters, line conditioners, surge protectors, power conditioners, Power Distribution Units (PDU) and Rack PDUs.
Various examples in accordance with the present invention include processes for providing system information of a UPS, its peripherals and devices coupled to the UPS via an interface housed within the UPS.
In act 504, system information is gathered. According to various examples, a UPS gathers this information from itself, its peripherals and devices coupled to it. Acts in accordance with these examples are discussed below with reference to
In act 506, the system information is stored. According to a variety of examples, a UPS stores the system information in data storage for later processing. Acts in accordance with these examples are discussed below with reference to
In act 508, the system information is provided. According to some examples, a UPS provides the system information via an interface. Acts in accordance with these examples are discussed below with reference to
Process 500 ends at 510. Process 500 enables a UPS to act as a single access point for system information regarding the UPS and devices coupled to it, thus streamlining support procedures for the UPS, its peripherals and attached devices.
Various examples provide processes for a UPS to gather system information from devices coupled to the UPS.
In act 604, a UPS identifies devices that are coupled to it. In one example, the UPS that identifies the devices is a UPS arranged and configured in accordance with the UPS 10, as described above. In this example, the UPS 10 identifies devices to which it is coupled using a variety of techniques. In one instance, the UPS 10 monitors data received via the external system interface 34 to detect and identify coupled devices. In another instance, the UPS 10 monitors the power drawn via the outlet 26 to make this determination.
In act 606, the UPS requests system information from identified devices. In one example, the UPS that requests this information is a UPS arranged and configured in accordance with the UPS 10, as described above. In this example, the UPS 10 tailors the request based on the communication standards used by the device and the type of system information the device is capable of communicating. The UPS 10 sends the request via the external system interface 34.
In act 608, the UPS receives the requested system information. In one example, the UPS that receives the system information is a UPS arranged and configured in accordance with the UPS 10, as described above. In this example, the UPS 10 receives the system information via external system interface 34.
Process 600 ends at 610.
Various examples provide processes for a UPS to store system information for devices coupled to the UPS.
In act 704, a UPS determines the data type, or types, for the system information received from devices coupled to the UPS. In one example, the UPS that determines this data type is a UPS arranged and configured in accordance with the UPS 10, as described above. In this example, the UPS 10 determines the data type of the system information using a variety of methods. In one instance, the UPS 10 determines the data type by inspecting the system information received from the device. In another instance the UPS 10 determines the data type, prior to receiving any system information from the device, based on communications standards used by the device.
In act 706, the UPS allocates data storage for system information received from the devices. In one example, the UPS that allocates the data storage is a UPS arranged and configured in accordance with the UPS 10, as described above. In this example, the UPS 10 allocates space in data storage 32 based on the size required to hold the determined data type or data types of the system information.
In act 708, the UPS writes the system information to the allocated data storage. In one example, the UPS that writes the system information is a UPS arranged and configured in accordance with the UPS 10, as described above. In this example, the UPS 10 writes the system information received from the coupled devices to the allocated space in data storage 32.
Process 700 ends at 710.
Various examples provide processes for a UPS to provide system information for the UPS and various devices coupled to the UPS.
In act 804, a UPS reads system information. In one example, the UPS that reads the system information is a UPS arranged and configured in accordance with the UPS 10, as described above. In this example, the UPS 10 reads the system information from data storage associated with the controller 16 such as the memory associated with the controller 16 or the data storage 32.
In act 806, the UPS writes elements of the system information that is to be provided into a memory associated with an interface of the UPS. In one example, the UPS that writes these elements is a UPS arranged and configured in accordance with the UPS 10, as described above. In this example, if the system information is to be provided to a user, the UPS 10 writes these elements into data storage associated with the user interface 30 such as memory associated with the user interface 30 or the data storage 32. Alternatively, if the system information is to be provided to an external system, the UPS 10 writes these elements into data storage associated with the external system interface 34 such as memory associated with the external system interface 34 or the data storage 32.
In act 808, the UPS provides the elements of the system information via an interface housed in the UPS. In one example, the UPS that displays these elements is a UPS arranged and configured in accordance with the UPS 10, as described above. In this example, the UPS 10 displays these elements in the interface display 50 or transmits these elements using the external system interface 34.
Process 800 ends at 810.
Each of process 500, 600, 700 and 800 depicts one particular sequence of acts in a particular example. Some acts are optional and, as such, may be omitted in particular examples in accordance with the present invention. Additionally, the order of acts can be altered, or other acts can be added, without departing from the scope of the present invention. As discussed above, in at least some examples, the acts deal with data representative of tangible objects. In addition, as discussed above, in at least one example, the acts are performed on a particular, specially configured machine, namely a UPS. In other examples, the acts are performed on other particular, specially configured power devices such as, among other power devices, outlet strips, power converters, line conditioners, surge protectors, power conditioners, Power Distribution Units (PDU) and Rack PDUs.
Any reference to examples, elements or acts of the systems, machines and processes herein referred to in the singular may also embrace examples including a plurality of these elements, and any references in plural to any example, element or act herein may also embrace examples including only a single element. References in the singular or plural form are not intended to limit the presently disclosed systems, machines or processes, their components, acts, or elements.
Any example disclosed herein may be combined with any other example, and references to “an example,” “some examples,” “an alternate example,” “various examples,” “one example,” “at least one example,” “this and other examples” or the like are not necessarily mutually exclusive and are intended to indicate that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the example may be included in at least one example. Such terms as used herein are not necessarily all referring to the same example. Any example may be combined with any other example in any manner consistent with the aspects disclosed herein. References to “or” may be construed as inclusive so that any terms described using “or” may indicate any of a single, more than one, and all of the described terms.
Where technical features in the drawings, detailed description or any claim are followed by references signs, the reference signs have been included for the sole purpose of increasing the intelligibility of the drawings, detailed description, and claims. Accordingly, neither the reference signs nor their absence are intended to have any limiting effect on the scope of any claim elements.
Having thus described several aspects of at least one example of this invention, it is to be appreciated various alterations, modifications, and improvements will readily occur to those skilled in the art. Such alterations, modifications, and improvements are intended to be part of this disclosure, and are intended to be within the scope of the invention. Accordingly, the foregoing description and drawings are by way of example only.
