Examples described herein pertain to a system and method for managing electronic periodicals on a computing device.
An electronic personal display is a mobile electronic device that displays information to a user. While an electronic personal display may be capable of many of the functions of a personal computer, a user can typically interact directly with an electronic personal display without the use of a keyboard that is separate from or coupled to but distinct from the electronic personal display itself. Some examples of electronic personal displays include mobile digital devices/tablet computers such (e.g., Apple iPad®, Microsoft® Surface™, Samsung Galaxy Tab® and the like), handheld multimedia smartphones (e.g., Apple iPhone®, Samsung Galaxy S®, and the like), and handheld electronic readers (e.g., Amazon Kindle®, Barnes and Noble Nook®, Kobo Aura HD, and the like).
An electronic reader, also known as an e-reader device, is an electronic personal display that is used for reading electronic books (eBooks), electronic magazines, and other digital content. For example, digital content of an e-books is displayed as alphanumeric characters and/or graphic images on a display of an e-reader device such that a user may read the digital content much in the same way as reading the analog content of a printed page in a paper-based book. An e-reader device provides a convenient format to store, transport, and view a large collection of digital content that would otherwise potentially take up a large volume of space in traditional paper format.
In some instances, e-reader devices are purpose built devices designed that perform especially well at displaying readable content. For example, a purpose built e-reader device may include a display that reduces glare, performs well in high light conditions, and/or mimics the look of text on actual paper. While such purpose built e-reader devices excel at displaying content for a user to read, they may also perform other functions, such as displaying images, emitting audio, recording audio, and web surfing, among others.
There also exist numerous kinds of consumer devices that can receive services and resources from a network service. Such devices can operate applications or provide other functionality that links the device to a particular account of a specific service. For example, e-reader devices typically link to an online bookstore, and media playback devices often include applications which enable the user to access an online media library. In this context, the user accounts can enable the user to receive the full benefit and functionality of the device.
Examples described herein provide for a system and method to manage electronic periodicals on a computing device. In particular, a computing device is programmed to manage the representation of an electronic periodical on a computing device. Furthermore, in some examples, the computing device is programmed to manage the archival of prior issues of the electronic periodical.
In an embodiment, a computing device operates to receive a current issue of an electronic periodical. In response to receiving the current issue, the computing device performs one or more actions to remove at least the content portion of at least one prior issue of the electronic periodical that was previously downloaded on the computing device. Metadata content is displayed to represent a collection of issues for the electronic periodical that were acquired for download using the computing device. The collection of issues includes the current issue and at least one prior issue of the electronic periodical. The metadata content can be based at least in part on a metadata portion of the current issue.
In some implementations, the metadata portion of the current issue is displayed in prominence. For example, (i) the metadata portion of the current issue to be more visually distinguishable than the metadata portion of any other issue of the collection, and/or (ii) the metadata portion of only the current issue of the collection without displaying the metadata portion of any other issue of the collection.
As used herein, an “electronic periodical” is a type of “e-book” and includes a title for which issues are published on a periodical or repetitive basis. An example of an electronic periodical is an electronic magazine. Often, electronic periodicals such as magazines mirror print versions and recreate the paginated experience, with text and illustrations being reproduced digitally. In the example of the electronic magazine, the title of the periodical can correspond to the name of the magazine, and issues of the magazine can publish on a periodic basis (e.g., monthly). Other examples of electronic periodicals include electronic comic books, newspapers, and scientific and legal journals.
Among other benefits, examples described herein conserve display space in representing issues of a periodical that belong to the user library. Additionally, examples described herein facilitate archiving of issues in order to conserve memory resources of the computing device. Still further, examples described herein condense the representation of a periodical so as to display a current issue of the periodical in prominence, while providing indicia about the archival status of prior issues of the periodical through the periodical's graphic representation.
One or more embodiments described herein provide that methods, techniques and actions performed by a computing device are performed programmatically, or as a computer-implemented method. Programmatically means through the use of code, or computer-executable instructions. A programmatically performed step may or may not be automatic.
One or more embodiments described herein may be implemented using programmatic modules or components. A programmatic module or component may include a program, a subroutine, a portion of a program, or a software or a hardware component capable of performing one or more stated tasks or functions. As used herein, a module or component can exist on a hardware component independently of other modules or components. Alternatively, a module or component can be a shared element or process of other modules, programs or machines.
Furthermore, one or more embodiments described herein may be implemented through instructions that are executable by one or more processors. These instructions may be carried on a computer-readable medium. Machines shown or described with figures below provide examples of processing resources and computer-readable mediums on which instructions for implementing embodiments of the invention can be carried and/or executed. In particular, the numerous machines shown with embodiments of the invention include processor(s) and various forms of memory for holding data and instructions. Examples of computer-readable mediums include permanent memory storage devices, such as hard drives on personal computers or servers. Other examples of computer storage mediums include portable storage units, such as CD or DVD units, flash or solid state memory (such as carried on many cell phones and consumer electronic devices) and magnetic memory. Computers, terminals, network enabled devices (e.g., mobile devices such as cell phones) are all examples of machines and devices that utilize processors, memory, and instructions stored on computer-readable mediums. Additionally, embodiments may be implemented in the form of computer-programs, or a computer usable carrier medium capable of carrying such a program.
Network System Description
The e-reader device 110 can correspond to any electronic personal display device on which applications and application resources (e.g., e-books such as electronic periodicals, media files, documents) can be rendered and consumed. For example, the e-reader device 110 can correspond to a tablet or a telephony/messaging device (e.g., smart phone). In one implementation, for example, e-reader device 110 can run an e-reader application that links the device to the network service 120 and enables e-books provided through the service to be viewed and consumed. In another implementation, the e-reader device 110 can run a media playback or streaming application which receives files or streaming data from the network service 120. By way of example, the e-reader device 110 can be equipped with hardware and software to optimize certain application activities, such as rendering of electronic content (e.g., e-books such as electronic periodicals). For example, the e-reader device 110 can have a tablet like form factor, although variations are possible. In some cases, the e-reader device 110 can also have an E-ink display.
In additional detail, the network service 120 can include a device interface 128, a resource store 122 and a user account store 124. The user account store 124 can associate the e-reader device 110 with a user and with an account 125. The account 125 can also be associated with one or more application resources (e.g., e-books including electronic periodicals), which can be stored in the resource store 122. As described further, the user account store 124 can retain metadata for individual accounts 125 to identify resources that have been purchased or made available for consumption for a given account. The e-reader device 110 may be associated with the user account 125, and multiple devices may be associated with the same account. As described in greater detail below, the e-reader device 110 can store resources (e.g., e-books including electronic periodicals) that are purchased or otherwise made available to the user of the e-reader device 110, as well as to archive e-books and other digital content items that have been purchased for the user account 125, but are not stored on the particular computing device.
With reference to
In removing portions of periodicals that are not current, the periodical collection logic 108 can operate in conjunction with the network service 120 to provide archiving services for the removed periodical. In particular, the user account store 124 can maintain records of the periodical and/or periodical issues (“periodical records 129”) that the user has downloaded, or has otherwise received right to download or view from the network service 120. The periodical collection logic 108 can remove or trigger removal of prior issues of a given periodical, and further enable the user to download archived issues of the periodical on selection.
Embodiments described herein recognize that with regard to periodicals, users tend to (i) view a periodical only until they have completed the periodical, but not after, and (ii) forego back issues of periodicals when a new issue of the periodical becomes available. Among other benefits, the periodical collection logic 108 can trigger, in response to the receipt of a current issue of a particular periodical, removal of one or more prior issues of the periodical from the e-reader device 110. In particular, the periodical collection logic 108 can remove a content portion of some or all of the prior issues of the periodical, while maintaining metadata for the archived prior issues in order to provide graphical representation for those issues. The graphical representations provided with archived issues of the periodical can also be provided with functional features that enable the user to download the respective archived issues from the network service 120.
Hardware Description
The processor 210 can implement functionality using instructions stored in the memory 250. Additionally, in some implementations, the processor 210 utilizes the network interface 220 to communicate with the network service 120 (see
In some implementations, the display 230 can correspond to, for example, a liquid crystal display (LCD) or light emitting diode (LED) display that illuminates in order to provide content generated from processor 210. In some implementations, the display 230 can be touch-sensitive. In some variations, the display 230 can correspond to an electronic paper type display which mimics conventional paper in the manner in which it displays content. Examples of such display technologies include electrophoretic displays, electrowetting displays, and electrofluidic displays.
In some implementations, the display 230 can be touch-sensitive. For example, the display 230 can be integrated with a sensor layer that is comprised of capacitive touch sensors which trigger with contact to human skin. Alternatively, the display 230 can include alternative sensor layers, such as resistive sensors which can detect applied pressure from, for example, a human finger or stylus.
The processor 210 can receive input from various sources, including from input mechanisms 240 (e.g., buttons or switches, microphone, keyboard), the display 230 (e.g., soft buttons or keyboard) or other input mechanisms (accessory devices). In one implementation, the processor 210 can process touch or mufti-touch input detected by the sensor layer provided with the display 230.
In an example of
E-Reader System
In an example of
The service interface 340 includes application logic which enables the e-reader device 110 to use, for example, a wireless Internet connection, to connect to the network service 120 (see
The e-books that are retrieved by the e-reader system 300 can correspond to issues of an electronic periodical, characterized by a periodical title (e.g., “Fields and Streams” or “Men's Journal”) and publisher. The individual periodical can have issues which publish on a periodic basis (e.g., monthly, weekly, etc.). An issue may be associated with the month and year, or with a volume number. For example, the periodical can be the format of the magazine, comic book, newspaper, journal (e.g., scientific or trade journal, law journal), newsletter etc. The e-books, including issues of individual periodicals, can be provided with metadata, which can include, for example, graphic imagery representing a cover of the e-book, as well as text content describing the publisher, contributors (e.g., authors), summaries and other information. In order to obtain the right to view the periodical, a user can purchase, for example, a subscription to the periodical from network service 120. Alternatively, the user can purchase individual issues without obtaining a subscription. When the user obtains a subscription, one implementation provides for the network service 120 to push a newly published issue (current issue 325) to one or more devices of the e-reader system 300. In a variation, a notification or other communication may be communicated to the device of e-reader system 300 in order to inform the user that the current issue 325 is available for download.
In identifying the e-reader device of system 300, the network service 120 can identify what e-books belong to the account associated with the particular device. The e-books that are transmitted to the e-reader device of system 300 include those e-books that are purchased from the device, or those e-books that the user requested to download. In variations, e-books can be automatically downloaded to the device in response to occurrence of certain conditions. For example, the user can purchase an e-book on another device, and then subsequently connect to the network service 120 via the e-reader device 110 to automatically receive their previously purchased e-book. As another example, network service 120 can be configured to push e-books to the e-reader device 110 of system 300, based on, for example, user account settings, subscription plans and rules, and various other business logic considerations.
Additionally, the service interface 340 can include processes for automatically receiving updates from a network service 120. The update can include programmatic updates, including updates to software components on the e-reader device 110, as well as updates to lists, download of e-books that the user may have purchased on another device of the same account, recommendations from the network as to what a given user may want to purchase or view, and/or various other data that can be either generally provided to the user of the network service or specifically provided for to the particular account or user.
With reference to
In an example of
The library viewer 312 can display metadata content that represents the e-books and other content items in the library. The user's library includes, for example, e-books and/or collections of issues for one or more periodicals. The metadata content can be in the form of, for example, lists or other clustered display objects. Still further, the library viewer can display metadata content in various paradigms or virtual objects, such as through a virtual bookshelf. In one implementation, the library viewer 312 displays metadata content 321 in the form of display objects 339 which individually represent a collection of issues for the periodical. The display object(s) 339 can this be based on metadata portions 327 of individual e-books associated with the user's library. For each issue of a given periodical, the metadata portions 327 can include, for example, an image associated with a cover. When displayed through the device of e-reader system 300, the image can be iconic and stored as part of the record 326 for the particular issue. The metadata content 321 for a particular periodical can include display objects 339 which are based on graphic images that are provided with the metadata portion 327 of one or more issues (e.g., current issue) of the particular periodical.
The e-books that are associated with the user's library can reside on the device of e-reader system 300, or alternatively reside off of the device, but available for download. By way of example, some items in the user's library can be archived. Those items which are archived can have portions which are not stored on the device. For example, an archived e-book can be represented locally by metadata content that is based on the metadata portion 327 of that item, but the content portion 329 of that item can be deleted or otherwise removed from the device. Should the user wish to view the content of an archived item, the user can download the content portion from the network service 120. As another variation, a given item can be stored on a different device of the account associated with the e-reader system 300.
The library viewer 312 can include the display objects 339 that are based on the metadata portions 327 of both locally stored e-books and off-device e-books (e.g., archived). In the case of periodicals, the library viewer 312 can display metadata content 321 to represent both archived and resident issues of the periodical which the user has acquired. In one implementation, the metadata content 321 can be in the form of display object 339 that include an icon or cluster of icons, which correspond to the graphic images of the periodical, or of individual issues of the periodical. In a variation, the display object 339 of the metadata content 321 can represent the issues of the periodical as a set of icons that are clustered and made to overlap so as to appear (or alternatively form) a single display object.
In one implementation, the metadata content 321 for a given periodical can be based primarily (e.g., more than 50% of the metadata content 321 for the periodical) on the metadata portion 327 of the current issue 325. As an alternative or addition, the metadata content 321 for the given periodical can display the graphic representation of the current issue in prominence. The graphic representation of the current issue 325 can be placed in prominence by, for example, (i) highlighting or bolding the graphic representation relative to other aspects of metadata content 321, and/or (ii) placing the graphic representation of the current issue 325 in the foreground for the metadata content 321. Still further, the prominence for rendering the graphic representation of the current issue 325 can be achieved by deemphasizing other aspects of the metadata content 321 representing prior issues of the corresponding periodical. In this way, the library viewer 312 can use the metadata content 321 to graphically represent the issues in the user's library for a given periodical as either a single display object, or as a clustered or over-lapping set of display objects.
According to some embodiments, the memory management module 320 implements archiving functions in response to receiving the current issue 325 of the given periodical. Specifically, the memory management module 320 can perform one or more operations to remove at least the content portion 329 of one or more prior issues of the given periodical in response to receiving a current issue 325. According to one aspect, the memory management module 320 can remove the content portion 329 of the most recent prior issue stored in the memory 330 upon receipt of the current issue 325. In this way, the archiving of the e-book (including issues of periodicals) does not remove at least some of the metadata portion 327 associated with the archived e-books. The metadata portion 327 for an archived e-book can be used to display that e-book as part of the uses collection using, for example, library viewer 312.
In one embodiment, the memory management module 320 can remove the content portion 329 of a prior issue of the same periodical automatically in response to receipt of the current issue 325. In a variation, the memory management module 320 prompts the user to provide confirmation for removing the content portion 329 of the prior issue of the same periodical. Thus, for example, if the user has not completed reading a most recent prior issue of the periodical, the memory management module 320 will not automatically cause a prior issue of a periodical to be archived when a current issue of the same periodical is received.
In one implementation, the archival function can be implemented using logic integrated with the memory management module 320. The memory management module 320 can signal an archival operation 335 that causes memory resources 330 to delete or otherwise removed the content portion 329 of an identified issue of a given periodical. At the same time, the memory management module 320 can link the metadata portion 327 of the e-book with functionality that (i) links an identifier of the archived issues with the user account, and (ii) triggers with selection input to communicate with a network service and initiate a download process for the identified issue of the periodical. In this way, when an issue of a periodical is archived, functionality can be associated with display objects that represent the archived issues for purpose of facilitating the download of the content portion 329 upon user selection.
The prior issue that is selected for archiving can correspond to the most recent prior issue and/or the oldest prior issue of the periodical that received the current issue 325. Still further, in one variation, all prior issues of the periodical can be archived in response to a current issue 325 being received.
The library viewer 312 can display lists in various formats to represent the user's collection of e-books. As mentioned, the library viewer 312 can utilize metadata content 321 such as display objects 339 to display specific e-books and periodicals. When providing display object representing a given periodical, examples described herein recognize that one or more (but not all) of the multiple issues of the periodical may be archived. In one implementation, the metadata content 321 can be used to generate the display object 339 that represents the periodical and the plural issues that belong to the account associated with the e-reader system 300. The display object 339 for the periodical can be based primarily on the current issue. Alternatively, the display object 339 can be displayed in a format relative to the graphic representation of other issues that emphasizes the current issue over other issues. Furthermore, in some variations, the display object 339 representing the periodical can indicate graphically that some of the issues are archived. For example, an icon corresponding to the metadata portion 327 of the current issue can sit on top of multiple icons representing prior issues of the same periodical in a staggered arrangement. The icons of the prior issues can be shown in phantom to represent archive status. Furthermore the icon of the current issue can be shown in bold or otherwise highlighted in order to emphasize that the particular issue is the one that is current and/or resident on the device.
In one implementation, when the current issue 325 of a given periodical is received, the library viewer 312 can be used to display to the user a prompt for selecting whether one or more prior issues are to be archived. The user can respond with archive input 317 which specifies or otherwise selects the archiving function for a specified issue of the periodical. The memory management module 320 responds to the archival input 317 by issuing the archival operation 335 to remove at least the content portion 329 of the specified issue.
Still further, in one implementation, when the display object 339 of the periodical is displayed, selection of the display object can have different results, depending on the implementation of the e-reader system 300. In one implementation, user selection of the display object 339 results in the expansion of the components of the display object. Specifically, as shown by an example of
In some embodiments, those issues of the periodical which are archived can have the graphic representations altered in a manner that reflects the archive status of that particular issue. In one implementation, the archive periodicals are provided with functional indicia that indicates the user can make selection to download the content portions of those issues. For example, the library viewer 312 can display graphic representations of individual issues of a periodical, including those that are archived, and the graphic representations of the archived issues can be provided with a “tap to download” link that indicates the archive status. The user can provide selection input 319 by activating the link. The selection input 319 triggers the memory management module 320 to signal download command 331 to the network service 120 (see
Methodology
With reference to
According to an embodiment, when the current issue is received, the e-reader device 110 performs one or more operations to archive a prior issue (or multiple prior issues) of the periodical (420). For example, the most recent prior issue, the oldest prior issue, or all of the prior issues of the periodical that are stored locally on the receiving device of the current issue can be identified for archival operations 335. In one implementation, the memory management module 320 performs the operation of automatically removing at least some of the content portion 329 of one or more prior issues upon receipt of the current issue 325 (422). In a variation, the user is prompted to remove at least some of the content portion of one or more prior issues in response to receiving the current issue. For example, the memory management module 320 can signal a message or notification to the user that allows the user to provide archival input 317. In turn, the memory management module 320 signals the archival operation 335, which identifies or otherwise selects one or more prior issues for archiving.
Additionally, the periodical can be represented as part of the user library on the e-reader device 110 (430). An icon or other graphic representation for the periodical as a whole can be provided by the library viewer 312. By way of example, the library viewer 312 can provide the graphic representation to be in the form of a list or panel of items that represent different e-books or content items that are associated with the account of the device. In one implementation, the graphic representation of the periodical can be in the form of metadata content that utilizes the metadata portion 327 of one or multiple issues of the periodical (432). Still further, the metadata content can be based primarily on the metadata portion 327 of the current issue of that periodical (434). In this way, the metadata portion 327 of the current issue 325 can be emphasized when the graphic representation of the periodical is being displayed. By way of example, the metadata portion 327 of the current issue 325 can be highlighted, place in the foreground, or emboldened as compared to the graphic representation of one or more prior issues.
With reference to
In one implementation, the display object 502 is based on metadata content of the current issue of the periodical. The current issue can correspond to the most recent issue of the periodical, or alternatively to the most recent issue of the periodical that is resident on the device or otherwise acquired by the account associated with the device. In one example, the foreground object 512 can be based primarily on the metadata portion 327 of the current issue 325.
In one implementation, the display object 502 is selectable by the user in order to expand the representation to depict the graphic representation of the current issue and multiple prior issues. Thus, for example, the display object 502 can be treated as a single icon that is selectable in order to expand the graphic representations of the issues that comprise the periodical for the particular user account.
Alternatively, the display object 502 can comprise multiple background objects 514, 515, 516 of prior issues of the same periodical. The user can individually interact with foreground object 512 as well as the background objects 514515 and/or 516. In this way, the user selection of a particular object can result in an action being performed on the particular object, such as retrieval and/or opening of the issue represented by the selected object. If the selected object is a prior issue that has been archived, the memory management module 320 can retrieve the content portion 329 of that issue from the network service 120. If the selected object re sides locally on the device (e.g., current issue 325), the memory management module 320 opens the content portion 329 of the selected issue using the locally stored data.
In some embodiments, the background objects 514, 515, and 516 can be provided with a functional indicia 540 that enables the individual to download that particular archived issue (e.g., download the content portion 329 of the archived issue). In one implementation, the interface 500 can be rendered through the library viewer 312, or other user interface component. The memory management module 320 can be triggered by selection of the functional indicia 540, causing the memory management module 320 to signal via the service interface 340 to access and download the content portion 329 of the identified issue from network service 120. Further, an example of
Although embodiments have been described in detail herein with reference to the accompanying drawings, variations to specific embodiments and details are encompassed by this disclosure. It is intended that the scope of embodiments described herein be defined by claims and their equivalents. Furthermore, it is contemplated that a particular feature described, either individually or as part of an embodiment, can be combined with other individually described features, or parts of other embodiments. Thus, absence of describing combinations should not preclude the inventor(s) from claiming rights to such combinations.