1. Technical Field
Particular embodiments generally relate to a system and method for managing information accessible online and, more specifically, to a system and method for managing information flow between members of an online social network based on their user preference settings and their relative positions within the online social network.
2. Description of the Related Art
Over the past several years, the amount of personal information that individuals share online has increased dramatically. Many websites provide an online community that provides content focusing on a common interest or theme (e.g., a “fan site” for a television program or musical artist), and allows people to join the online community and share personal information with other members of the online community.
Online social networking sites have also been rapidly gaining in popularity. Typically, members of an online social network communicate with one another and meet other members based on personal information captured in the other member profiles.
Also, members of online social networks often request their existing friends to join, creating a web of online relationships that mirror offline ones. Operators of online social networking sites typically require that new members provide certain personal information to join, including contact information (e.g., physical and email addresses, telephone numbers, instant messaging nicknames, etc.) and identifying information (e.g. a name, location, personal interests, age, etc.).
A positive consequence of this general trend is the greater ability for groups of friends, families and other acquaintances to communicate online with, and about, each other as members of a social network. For example, a group of friends may share personal information with each other about common interests, individual personal attributes, events, schedules and activity plans and may also access each others' personal information. Another benefit of online social networks is that members can more easily find others who share common interests, goals, lifestyles, etc., without being limited to an online community dedicated to a particular interest. Doing so allows members to expand their social networks.
Many people, however, are reluctant to provide personal information to an online social network. The reasons for this reluctance are varied. Some have experienced undesired communications when submitting personal information online. For example, automated agents may be configured to scour the information available from an online social networking site to harvest email addresses and later send unsolicited email to the harvested addresses, or some members may be deluged by unwanted messages from strangers. Parents are often concerned about allowing their children to provide personal information to an online source out of the fear that it may be subsequently misused by strangers.
Particular embodiments provide a more appealing online environment for sharing personal information. In this environment, individuals who share their personal information also specify settings that dictate who may view their personal information and who may communicate with them.
Preferably, the environment is an online social network and the individuals are members of the online social network. The members control which other members of the online social network may view their personal information by setting a visibility preference at 1, 2, 3 or ALL. A visibility preference of 1 means that only friends of the member may view that member's personal information. A visibility preference of 2 means that only friends of the member and friends of friends of the member may view that member's personal information. A visibility preference of 3 means that only friends of the member, friends of friends of the member, and friends of friends of friends of the member may view that member's personal information. A visibility preference of ALL means that all members of the online social network may view that member's personal information.
The members also control which other members of the online social network may communicate with them by setting a contactability preference at 1, 2, 3 or ALL. A contactability preference of 1 means that only friends of the member may communicate with that member. A contactability preference of 2 means that only friends of the member and friends of friends of the member may communicate with that member. A contactability preference of 3 means that only friends of the member, friends of friends of the member, and friends of friends of friends of the member may communicate with that member. A contactability preference of ALL means that all members of the online social network may communicate with that member.
A social network is generally defined by the relationships among groups of individuals, and may include relationships ranging from casual acquaintances to close familial bonds. A social network may be represented using a social graph structure. Each node of the graph corresponds to a member of the social network. Edges connecting two nodes represent a relationship between two individuals. In addition, the degree of separation between any two nodes is defined as the minimum number of hops required to traverse the graph from one node to the other. A degree of separation between two members is a measure of relatedness between the two members.
Degrees of separation in a social network are defined relative to an individual. For example, in ME's social network, H and ME are separated by 2 d/s, whereas in G's social network, Hand G are separated by only 1 dis. Accordingly, each individual will have their own set of first, second and third degree relationships.
As those skilled in the art understand, an individual's social network may be extended to include nodes to an Nth degree of separation. As the number of degrees increases beyond three, however, the number of nodes typically grows at an explosive rate and quickly begins to mirror the ALL set.
The application server 200 manages a member database 210, a relationship database 220 and a search database 230. The member database 210 contains profile information for each of the members in the online social network managed by the computer system 100. The profile information may include, among other things: a unique member identifier, name, age, gender, location, hometown, references to image files, listing of interests, attributes, etc. The profile information also includes VISIBILITY and CONTACTABILITY settings, the uses of which are described below in connection with
The relationship database 220 stores information relating to the first degree relationships between members. In addition, the contents of the member database 210 are indexed and optimized for search, and stored in the search database 230. The member database 210, the relationship database 220, and the search database 230 are updated to reflect inputs of new member information and edits of existing member information that are made through the computers 500.
The member database 210, the relationship database 220, and the search database 230 are depicted separately in the block diagram of
The application server 200 also receives and processes information exchange requests received from the remote computers 500. An information exchange request may be a request to create a new member profile, (
The graph servers 300 receive a query from the application server 200, process the query and return the query results to the application server 200. The graph servers 300 manage a representation of the social network for all the members in the member database. Detailed examples of graph servers and related components are described in detail in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/854,054, titled “System and Method for Managing an Online Social Network” and filed on May 26, 2004, the contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference.
In Step 320, the application server 200 responds to NM1's request by providing NM1 with an interface to enter personal information and corresponding user preferences.
At Step 330, NM1 enters the information in the fields provided by the interface. As illustrated,
At Step 340, NM1 sets VISIBILITY and CONTACTABILITY preferences for the information entered in Step 330. As the two identifiers suggest, the VISIBILITY and CONTACTABILITY preferences refer, respectively, to the flow of NM1's personal information to others and to the flow of information to NM1. As further described below in conjunction with
For some embodiments, the personal information collected by the online social networking site may be subdivided into different groups, and NM1 may selectively set the VISIBILITY and CONTACTABILITY preferences for each group. Accordingly, after Step 350, NM1 may repeat Steps 320 through 340 for additional information groups.
At Step 360, NM1 identifies relationships with other members (e.g., M2) of the online social network. For example, if NM1 is joining the online social network in response to a request from M2, NM1 may confirm that M2 is, in fact, NM1's friend (Le., NM1 is separated from the requestor by 1 d/s). NM1 identifies any other relationships by specifying email addresses of NM 1's friends.
In the preferred embodiment, before updating the databases 210, 220, 230 to reflect a new 1 d/s relationship between NM1 and another member, the other member is required to confirm that NM1 is a friend. Doing so prevents NM1 from falsely claiming that a first degree relationship exists with the other member when one does not. At Step 370, the application server 200 updates the databases 210, 220, 230 to reflect the new relationships in the social graph.
As those skilled in the art will recognize, once NM1 has joined the social networking site, NM1 may add additional first degree relationships to NM1's social network at any time using the operations described above. Moreover, NM1 may be updating his or her social network as new 1 d/s connections are made. For example, NM1 may uncover an unknown third degree relationship with M3 by browsing through member profiles on the online social network site. Depending on such M3's contact preferences, NM1 may then contact and begin exchanging messages with M3. Later, NM1 may update the social network to indicate that he or she now has a first degree relationship with M3.
In Step 610, the application server 200 receives a request by member M1 to view the profile of member M2. If the d/s between M1 and M2 is less than or equal to M2's VISIBILITY preference or if M2's VISIBILITY preference is set to ALL, then the full profile of member M2 will be displayed. M2's VISIBILITY setting may be set at 1, 2, 3 or ALL, and settings 1, 2 and 3 correspond to degrees of separation, 1 d/s, 2 d/s and 3 d/s and ALL corresponds to all members, regardless of degree of separation.
In Step 620, the application server 200 retrieves M2's VISIBILITY setting from the member database 210. If M2's VISIBILITY setting is ALL, the full profile of M2 will be transmitted to M1 for display at M1's computer (Steps 630 and 640). If not, the application server 200 queries the graph servers 300 to determine the d/s between member M1 and member M2 (Steps 630 and 650). The graph servers 300 process the query and return the d/s between M1 and M2 to the application server 200.
If the d/s between M1 and M2 is greater than M2's VISIBILITY setting (or if M1 and M2 are not connected in the social network), only the mini-profile of member M2 will transmitted to M1's computer for display. (Steps 660 and 670). In the preferred embodiment, every member of the online social network has a mini-profile that includes a limited set of the personal information provided by each member as described above regarding
Otherwise, when the d/s between M1 and M2 is less than or equal to M2's VISIBILITY preference, the application server retrieves M2's full profile and transmits it to M1 for display at M1's computer (Steps 660 and 640). For some embodiments where the VISIBILITY and CONTACTIBILITY preferences are set for different elements within each member's profile, the application server 200 may return only some elements of M2's profile but not others.
Alternatively, for some embodiments, an online social network may not provide any information about M2 to M1 when the d/s between them is outside of M2's VISIBILITY preference. In such an embodiment, the application server 200 respond to M1's request to view M2's member profile by displaying an error message, or by displaying a “no profile found” message, and the application server 200 would also exclude M2's member profile from any search results displayed to M1.
In Step 710, the application server 200 retrieves the CONTACTABILITY setting of member M2. (e.g., CONTACTABILITY setting may be set as 1, 2, 3 or ALL.) If M2's CONTACTABILITY setting is ALL, M2 will permit contact from anyone, and consequently, when M1 views M2's profile, a “Send Message” hyperlink will appear which member M1 may click to send messages to member M1 (Steps 720 and 730).
If M2's CONTACTABILITY setting is less than ALL, the application server 200 queries the graph servers 300 to determine the d/s between member M1 and member M2 (Steps 720 and 740). The graph servers 300 process the query and return the d/s between M1 and M2 to the application server 200. If M2's CONTACTABILITY setting is less than the computed d/s (or if M1 and M2 are not connected), than M2 is not permitting contact from member M1 and the “Send Message” hyperlink will not be displayed when member M1 views member M2's profile (Steps 750 and 760). Conversely, if M2's CONTACTABILITY setting is greater than or equal to the computed d/s, this then M1 may send messages to M2, and consequently, when member M1 views M2's profile, a “Send Message” hyperlink, (or other mechanism allowing M1 to initiate contact with M2) may be displayed which member M1 clicks to send messages to member M1 (Steps 750 and 730).
Additionally, for some embodiments, the merged results may be further limited based on the VISIBILITY preference of each member included in the merged set. Some embodiments may not display mini-profiles in response to a request to a view a member's profile if the degree of separation between that member and the requesting member exceeds the VISIBILITY preference of that member. In such an embodiment, the search results may be further limited based on each matching members' VISIBILITY preference. For example, if M1 makes queries the application server 200 as described above with the following query: [gender (female), age (less than 30), d/s (at most 2)], the application 200 server would further limit the merged results by removing the profile of any member included in the merged results whose VISIBILITY preference is set to 1.
In the embodiments described above, the ALL setting is used to signify all members within the online social network. Alternatively, the ALL setting could be used to signify anyone and everyone, such that, if a member has a VISIBILITY preference set at ALL, anyone, even those who are not members of the online social network, could access the member's personal information.
Furthermore, the preference settings of 1, 2, 3, or ALL can be generically viewed as permission levels, specified by a member of the online network, for any type of activity involving the member and another person. For example, a preference setting for SEARCHABILITY may be included as an item in the member's profile. When this setting is used, a member will not appear in another member's search results unless the other member is within the degree of separation specified in the SEARCHABILITY setting.
While particular embodiments of the invention have been illustrated and described above, those skilled in the art understand that the invention can take a variety of forms and embodiments within the scope of the appended claims.
The present application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/976,518, filed Dec. 22, 2010, entitled “System and method for managing information flow between members of an online social network,” which is currently pending, which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/854,057, filed May 26, 2004, entitled “System and method for managing information flow between members of an online social network,” now U.S. Pat. No. 8,010,458, issued Aug. 30, 2011.
Number | Date | Country | |
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Parent | 12976518 | Dec 2010 | US |
Child | 13918649 | US | |
Parent | 10854057 | May 2004 | US |
Child | 12976518 | US |