The present disclosure is related to fiber-optic cables, namely, multi-strand fiber-optic cables. More specifically, the present disclosure is related to a system and method for qualification, testing and/or mapping multi-strand fiber-optic cables.
Generally speaking, a fiber-optic cable, also known as an optical-fiber cable, is an assembly similar to an electrical cable but containing one or more optical fibers. The optical fibers are designed and used to carry light through the fiber-optic cable. The optical fiber elements are typically individually coated with plastic layers and contained in a protective sheathing, jacket, or tube suitable for the environment where the cable is used. Fiber-optic cables come in many different forms and can be used for many different applications, including, but not limited to, fiber-optic communication like long-distance telecommunication, or providing a high-speed data connection between different parts of a building.
For multi-fiber cables, the individual fibers of such multi-fiber cables are often distinguished from one another by color-coded jackets or buffers on each fiber. The identification scheme used is typically based on EIA/TIA-598, Optical Fiber Cable Color Coding, which defines identification schemes for fibers, buffered fibers, fiber units, and groups of fiber units within outside plant and premises optical fiber cables. This standard allows for fiber units to be identified by means of a printed legend. This method can be used for identification of fiber ribbons and fiber subunits. The legend will contain a corresponding printed numerical position number or color for use in identification.
The infrared light used in telecommunications cannot be seen, so there is a potential laser safety hazard to technicians. The eye's natural defense against sudden exposure to bright light is the blink reflex, which is not triggered by infrared sources. In some cases the power levels are high enough to damage eyes, particularly when lenses or microscopes are used to inspect fibers that are emitting invisible infrared light. Inspection microscopes with optical safety filters are available to guard against this. More recently indirect viewing aids are used, which can comprise a camera mounted within a handheld device, which has an opening for the connectorized fiber and a USB output for connection to a display device such as a laptop. This makes the activity of looking for damage or dirt on the connector face much safer.
In many communication systems, bundles of optical fibers extend significant distances between two points. In many buildings, these bundles of fibers terminate in a wiring closet. In a typical wiring closet, there may be hundreds of optical fibers. Upon leaving the wiring closet, these fibers diverge along different paths, extending through ceilings and walls to various other termination points in different parts of the building. In some cases, fibers that begin in a wiring closet extend to neighboring buildings. In many cases, the fibers appear identical to each other. Accordingly, it is often difficult for installation and/or maintenance personnel to determine which of the many in a closet is the one that extends to a particular location. To address this difficulty, one typically shines a light through individual fibers and visually inspects the other ends of the fibers. Occasionally, a few optical fibers will break, or otherwise lose continuity. Proper maintenance of such communication systems typically includes identifying broken fibers. One way to identify broken fibers is to shine a light at a first end and look at a second end to see if a light exits out the other end. However, this procedure is carried out one fiber at a time and is therefore time consuming. However, as noted above, the infrared light typically shined through optical fibers can be damaging to the eyes. As such, mapping each of the strands of these multi-strand optical fibers becomes very problematic.
U.S. Pat. Nos. 8,823,925 and 8,467,041 (both incorporated herein by reference in their entirety) disclose the transmission of a combination of visible colors and unique port signatures and the inspection of light, condition of said optical fibers, identifying a discontinuity, and mapping each of said second ends to a corresponding first end. U.S. Pat. Nos. 8,823,925 and 8,467,041 still require the use of visual fault locators, or VFLs.
VFL's are still the most common method to trace, identify, map, troubleshoot and document fiber optic infrastructure. While these VFL's are supposed to comply with laser safety standards, many of them are not very well regulated and often exceed max safety standards. As an example, it is common practice to look into the far end of the fiber with the naked eye to see which strand has the 650 nm red VFL on it. However, as mentioned above, this is also a time-consuming process often requiring more than one person and multiple VFLs: one on continuous red and the other on flashing red. If you get the wrong buffer tube or a faulty fiber you can spend a lot of personnel time, and potentially costly downtime trying to identify the correct strands between point A and point B. This could be between data centers, racks, utility poles, manholes, dark and cluttered MDF & IDF closets, etc.
Installation practices, procedures and methods have changed drastically as more and more fiber optic cables are installed and the cost has gone down drastically over the past decades. Many end-users are installing extra capacity due to the high cost of adding new cables and conduits in the future or leasing additional conduit infrastructure. It is common practice to pull 144 or 288 strands and leave many of them dark for future use. It is also common practice to fusion splice multiple strands in campus-type environments from one building to another or through multiple MDF and IDF closets for critical services, e.g., fire, security, A/V, police, etc. Fusion splices also eliminate most of the signal loss that you would get from using standard connectors and couplings. Accordingly, there is a lot of guess work associated with pulling X number of strands from cable Y in building Z and splicing or patching through multiple locations.
Fiber documentation is critical to a stable and secure network, and it is often the most challenging part of a cable plant to map out and maintain accurate records. The process of repeatedly plugging and unplugging a test fiber into the fiber optic ports to track down a fiber can introduce debris at that connection and possibly damage the connectors over time, as required by fiber identifiers. Mapping multi-strand fiber-optic cables provides for strand identification, location, etc. Qualification of multi-strand fiber-optic cables is to provide the minimal testing to verify the cables meet the end-user's requirements for end-to-end continuity, plus power levels and/or OTDR (“Optical Time Domain Reflectometer”) testing. Certification must meet industry standards, which may provide more thorough testing requiring testing loss at multiple wavelengths and both directions, plus OTDR trace in both directions.
Therefore, a need clearly exists for a safer and more efficient means and/or method for qualification, testing and/or mapping of multi-strand fiber-optic cables.
The instant disclosure may be designed to address at least certain aspects of the problems or needs discussed above by providing a system and method for qualification, testing and/or mapping multi-strand fiber optic cables.
The present disclosure may solve the aforementioned limitations of the currently available systems and/or means for qualification, testing and/or mapping multi-strand fiber-optic cables by providing the disclosed system and/or method for qualification, testing and/or mapping multi-strand fiber-optic cables. In general, the disclosed system and/or method for qualification, testing and/or mapping multi-strand fiber-optic cables may include a first end transmit device and a second end receive device. The first end transmit device may include at least one fiber port. Each of the fiber ports may be configured to engage a connector for an individual optical fiber of a multi-strand fiber-optic cable. At least one optical light source may be included with the first end transmit device. Each of the optical light sources may be configured to emit an optical light in one of the fiber ports. A controller may also be included with the first end transmit device. The controller may be configured to control the optical light sources. The controller may be configured to emit coded light patterns through each of the fiber ports via the optical light emitted from each of the optical light sources. Wherein, the first end transmit device may be configured to emit coded light patterns into each of the fiber ports corresponding to a unique port signature of each of the fiber ports. The second end receive device may include a camera. The camera of the second end receive device may be configured to view and decode the coded light patterns from each of the individual optical fibers of the multi-strand fiber-optic cable to identify the unique port signature from each of the fiber ports.
One feature of the disclosed system and/or method for qualification, testing and/or mapping multi-strand fiber-optic cables may be that it can be designed and configured to be used for non-contact identification, mapping and/or troubleshooting of multi-strand fiber-optic cables. The disclosed system and/or method may be designed and/or configured to apply the unique port signature to each of the fiber ports at a first end of the multi-strand fiber-optic cable, and locating a corresponding port signature at a second end of the multi-strand fiber-optic cable, thereby allowing an end-user to certify a new fiber installation, as well as audit and troubleshoot an existing fiber optic cable plant. The disclosed system and/or method may allow the end-user to be able to perform qualification testing of a new fiber installation, as well as mapping and troubleshooting an existing installation. The disclosed system and/or method may allow the end-user to provide certification as well, which may require more in-depth testing with multiple wavelengths and bidirectional testing.
In select embodiments of the disclosed system and/or method for qualification, testing and/or mapping multi-strand fiber-optic cables, the first end transmit device may further include a housing. The housing may have a face with the fiber ports. As such, the fiber ports of the first end transmit device may be face ports disposed on the face. Each of the face ports may be configured to engage the connector for the individual optical fiber or a connector including multiple, individual optical fibers. In select embodiments of the disclosed system and/or method for qualification, testing and/or mapping multi-strand fiber-optic cables, the first end transmit device may include LED lights mounted on the face. These LED lights mounted on the face may be configured to flash according to the corresponding laser port to assure that the first end transmit device is functioning properly as well as providing a means to calibrate the second end receive device.
In select embodiments of the disclosed system and/or method for qualification, testing and/or mapping multi-strand fiber-optic cables, the first end transmit device may further include individual optical tap ports. The individual optical tap ports may correspond to each of the face ports. The individual optical tap ports may be configured for use with external optical components including, but not limited to, an optical power source used together with an optical power meter at a second end. In select embodiments, the optical light sources of the first end transmit device may be coupled to the individual optical tap ports and the face ports. In select embodiments, the first end transmit device may include fiber-optic splitters and/or WDM couplers that will direct the optical light sources to or from each of the face ports and the individual optical tap ports. Wherein, once a fiber has been identified, mapped, or repaired, an infrared power source may be transmitted by the first end transmit device that can be configured to change to steady-on mode and, in conjunction with an optional second end power meter to determine an acceptable pass or fail dB loss of the fiber.
One feature of the disclosed system and/or method for qualification, testing and/or mapping multi-strand fiber-optic cables may be that the optical light sources emitted from the first end transmit device through each of the fiber ports may be configured to emit light in both the visible and infrared light spectrum. In select embodiments, the optical light sources may be LED optical light sources or laser type optical light sources.
Another feature of the disclosed system and/or method for qualification, testing and/or mapping multi-strand fiber-optic cables may be that the first end transmit device may further include an input power port connected to an internal rechargeable battery system. The internal rechargeable battery system may allow the disclosed system and/or method to be used in areas with or without accessible power.
Another feature of the disclosed system and/or method for qualification, testing and/or mapping multi-strand fiber-optic cables may be that the controller of the first end transmit device may include a DMX512 lighting controller and decoder. This DMX512 lighting controller and decoder of the first end transmit device may use the DMX512 protocol. The DMX512 lighting controller and decoder of the first end transmit device may operate in a pre-programmed standalone mode or an active user-controlled input mode. In select embodiments, the controller of the first end transmit device may have built-in electrical contacts configured for wired connectivity and manual control of lighting sequences via push button style switches located on the first end transmit device for standalone control.
Another feature of the disclosed system and/or method for qualification, testing and/or mapping multi-strand fiber-optic cables may be that the controller of the first end transmit device may be programmed with Morse code signaling, or the like. The Morse code signaling used by the first end transmit device may be basic and/or encrypted Morse code. The Morse code signaling used by the first end transmit device may be capable of using alternative characters in order to speed up transmission. Wherein, the coded light patterns emitted from the optical light sources may be coded in Morse code, the like, or a variation thereof. The controller may be configured to substitute a Morse code character with a preset value via a drop-down menu, including, but not limited to, Bld #, Cable #, Buffer tube, strand numbers, the like, etc. In other embodiments, the controller can be configured to convert voice to text. The controller may have, but is not limited to, 3 or 4 buttons that will allow a technician to substitute a predetermined character with another word or phrase. By holding down the voice input button the end-user can speak into the device and record the desired message to be decoded at the far end. In other select embodiments, the controller may substitute a predetermined character with a spoken word or phrase.
Another feature of the disclosed system and/or method for qualification, testing and/or mapping multi-strand fiber-optic cables may be the camera of the second end receive device may be configured to serve as a visual aid for viewing the visible light of the coded light patterns and may detect the unique port signature being sent in the form of Morse code, or other encrypted code, from the first end transmit device. The camera and the second end receive device may be configured to then decode the unique port signature of each of the fiber ports that was sent into as unencrypted, original text and display such unencrypted, original text on the second end receive device. In select embodiments, the second end receive device may be configured to convert the decrypted text message into an audibly announced word or phrase that duplicates the displayed message as sent from the first end transmit device. The second end receive device may include a display configured to visually display the unique port signature of each of the individual optical fibers of the multi-strand fiber-optic cable, and/or a speaker configured to audibly announce the unique port signature of each of the individual optical fibers of the multi-strand fiber-optic cable. In select embodiments, the second end receive device may include a touch-screen tablet or a smartphone with an external USB or WiFi otoscope or endoscope style camera attached as the camera. In select embodiments, the second end receive device may include a modified tablet configured to allow a feed from the external USB or WiFi otoscope or endoscope style camera to be recognized by the second end receive device as a native internal camera, where the display of the tablet may use built-in front or rear cameras. Wherein, the modified tablet of the second end receive device may be configured to allow the external USB or WiFi otoscope or endoscope style camera to display in the same manner as the built-in cameras. In select embodiments, the second end receive device may include a passive fiber connection and an infrared sensor card as a reflective component that can be configured to be viewed in visible or infrared by the camera.
In another aspect, the instant disclosure embraces the system and/or method for qualification, testing and/or mapping multi-strand fiber-optic cables in any of the embodiments and/or combination of embodiments shown and/or described herein.
In another aspect, the instant disclosure embraces a method for qualification, testing and/or mapping multi-strand fiber-optic cables that may generally include the steps of: providing the first end transmit device in any of the various embodiments and/or combination of embodiments shown and/or described herein; and providing the second end receive device in any of the various embodiments and/or combination of embodiments shown and/or described herein. With the provided first end transmit device and the provided second end receive device, in select embodiments, the disclosed method for qualification, testing and/or mapping multi-strand fiber-optic cables may include using the provided first end transmit device in combination with the second end receive device to provide non-contact identification, qualification, testing, mapping and/or troubleshooting of the multi-strand fiber-optic cable via coded light patterns emitted into each of the fiber ports corresponding to a unique port signature of each of the fiber ports.
The foregoing illustrative summary, as well as other exemplary objectives and/or advantages of the disclosure, and the manner in which the same are accomplished, are further explained within the following detailed description and its accompanying drawings.
The present disclosure will be better understood by reading the Detailed Description with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are not necessarily drawn to scale, and in which like reference numerals denote similar structure and refer to like elements throughout, and in which:
It is to be noted that the drawings presented are intended solely for the purpose of illustration and that they are, therefore, neither desired nor intended to limit the disclosure to any or all of the exact details of construction shown, except insofar as they may be deemed essential to the claimed disclosure.
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The present disclosure may solve the aforementioned limitations of the currently available systems and/or means for qualification, testing and/or mapping multi-strand fiber-optic cables by providing system 1 and/or method 10 for qualification, testing and/or mapping multi-strand fiber-optic cables. In general, system 1 and/or method 10 for qualification, testing and/or mapping multi-strand fiber-optic cables may include first end transmit device 2 and second end receive device 3. First end transmit device 2 may include at least one fiber port 4. Each of the fiber ports 4 may be configured to engage a connector for an individual optical fiber of a multi-strand fiber-optic cable. At least one optical light source 5 may be included with the first end transmit device 3. Each of the optical light sources 5 may be configured to emit an optical light in one of the fiber ports 4. Controller 6 may also be included with the first end transmit device 2. Controller 6 may be configured to control the optical light sources 5. Controller 6 may be configured to emit coded light patterns through each of the fiber ports 4 via the optical light emitted from each of the optical light sources 5. Wherein, the first end transmit device 2 may be configured to emit coded light patterns into each of the fiber ports 4 corresponding to a unique port signature of each of the fiber ports 4. The second end receive device 3 may include camera 7. Camera 7 of the second end receive device 3 may be configured to view and decode the coded light patterns from each of the individual optical fibers of the multi-strand fiber-optic cable to identify the unique port signature from each of the fiber ports 4.
One feature of system 1 and/or method 10 for qualification, testing and/or mapping multi-strand fiber-optic cables may be that it can be designed and configured to be used for non-contact identification, qualification, testing, mapping and/or troubleshooting of multi-strand fiber-optic cables. System 1 and/or method 10 may be designed and/or configured to apply the unique port signature to each of the fiber ports 4 at a first end of the multi-strand fiber-optic cable, and locating a corresponding port signature at a second end of the multi-strand fiber-optic cable, thereby allowing an end-user to certify a new fiber installation, as well as audit and troubleshoot an existing fiber optic cable plant. System 1 and/or method 10 may allow the end-user to be able to perform qualification testing of a new fiber installation, as well as mapping and troubleshooting an existing installation. System 1 and/or method 10 may allow the end-user to provide certification as well, which may require more in-depth testing with multiple wavelengths and bidirectional testing.
In select embodiments of system 1 and/or method 10 for qualification, testing and/or mapping multi-strand fiber-optic cables, the first end transmit device 2 may further include housing 8. Housing 8 may have face 9 with the fiber ports 4. As such, the fiber ports 4 of the first end transmit device 2 may be face ports disposed on face 9. Each of the face ports may be configured to engage the connector for the individual optical fiber or a connector including multiple, individual optical fibers. In select embodiments of system 1 and/or method 10 for qualification, testing and/or mapping multi-strand fiber-optic cables, the first end transmit device 2 may include LED lights mounted on face 9. These LED lights mounted on the face may be configured to flash according to the corresponding laser port to assure that the first end transmit device 2 is functioning properly as well as providing a means to calibrate the second end receive device.
In select embodiments of system 1 and/or method 10 for qualification, testing and/or mapping multi-strand fiber-optic cables, the first end transmit device may further include individual optical tap ports 1313. The individual optical tap ports 1313 may correspond to each of the face ports. The individual optical tap ports 1313 may be configured for use with external optical components including, but not limited to, an optical power source used together with an optical power meter at a second end. In select embodiments, the optical light sources of the first end transmit device 2 may be coupled to the individual optical tap ports 1313 and the face ports. In select embodiments, the first end transmit device 2 may include fiber-optic splitters 184 and/or WDM couplers 153, 163 that will direct the optical light sources to or from each of the face ports and the individual optical tap ports 1313. Wherein, once a fiber has been identified, mapped, or repaired, an infrared power source may be transmitted by the first end transmit device 2 that can be configured to change to steady-on mode and, in conjunction with an optional second end power meter to determine an acceptable pass or fail dB loss of the fiber.
One feature of system 1 and/or method 10 for qualification, testing and/or mapping multi-strand fiber-optic cables may be that the optical light sources emitted from the first end transmit device 2 through each of the fiber ports 4 may be configured to emit light in both the visible and infrared light spectrum. In select embodiments, the optical light sources may be LED optical light sources or laser type optical light sources.
Another feature of system 1 and/or method 10 for qualification, testing and/or mapping multi-strand fiber-optic cables may be that the first end transmit device may further include an input power port 314 connected to an internal rechargeable battery system 313. The internal rechargeable battery system 313 may allow the disclosed system and/or method to be used in areas with or without accessible power.
Another feature of system 1 and/or method 10 for qualification, testing and/or mapping multi-strand fiber-optic cables may be that controller 6 of the first end transmit device 2 may include a DMX512 lighting controller 312 and decoder 311. This DMX512 lighting controller 312 and decoder 311 of the first end transmit device 2 may use the DMX512 protocol. The DMX512 lighting controller 312 and decoder 311 of the first end transmit device 2 may operate in a pre-programmed standalone mode or an active user-controlled input mode. In select embodiments, controller 6 of the first end transmit device 2 may have built-in electrical contacts configured for wired connectivity and manual control of lighting sequences via push button style switches located on the first end transmit device 2 for standalone control.
Another feature of system 1 and/or method 10 for qualification, testing and/or mapping multi-strand fiber-optic cables may be that controller 6 of the first end transmit device 2 may be programmed with Morse code signaling, or the like. The Morse code signaling used by the first end transmit device 2 may be basic and/or encrypted Morse code. The Morse code signaling used by the first end transmit device 2 may be capable of using alternative characters in order to speed up transmission. Wherein, the coded light patterns emitted from the optical light sources 5 may be coded in Morse code, the like, or a variation thereof. In select embodiments, controller 6 may be configured to substitute a Morse code character with a preset value via a drop-down menu, including, but not limited to, Bld #, Cable #, Buffer tube, strand numbers, the like, etc. In other embodiments, controller 6 can be configured to convert voice to text. Controller 6 may have, but is not limited to, 3 or 4 buttons that will allow a technician to substitute a predetermined character with another word or phrase. By holding down the voice input button the end-user can speak into the device and record the desired message to be decoded at the far end. In other select embodiments, controller 6 may substitute a predetermined character with a spoken word or phrase.
Another feature of system 1 and/or method 10 for qualification, testing and/or mapping multi-strand fiber-optic cables may be that camera 7 of second end receive device 3 may be configured to serve as a visual aid for viewing the visible light of the coded light patterns and may detect the unique port signature being sent in the form of Morse code, or other encrypted code, from the first end transmit device 2. Camera 7 and second end receive device 3 may be configured to then decode the unique port signature of each of the fiber ports 4 that was sent into as unencrypted, original text and display such unencrypted, original text on second end receive device 3. In select embodiments, second end receive device 3 may be configured to convert the decrypted text message into an audibly announced word or phrase that duplicates the displayed message as sent from the first end transmit device 2. Second end receive device 3 may include display 43 configured to visually display the unique port signature of each of the individual optical fibers of the multi-strand fiber-optic cable, and/or a speaker configured to audibly announce the unique port signature of each of the individual optical fibers of the multi-strand fiber-optic cable. In select embodiments, second end receive device 3 may include a touch-screen tablet or smartphone 42 with an external USB or WiFi otoscope or endoscope style camera attached as camera 7. In select embodiments, second end receive device 3 may include a modified tablet 42 configured to allow a feed from the external USB or WiFi otoscope or endoscope style camera to be recognized by second end receive device 3 as a native internal camera, where the display of the tablet may use built-in front or rear cameras. Wherein, the modified tablet 42 of second end receive device 3 may be configured to allow the external USB or WiFi otoscope or endoscope style camera to display in the same manner as the built-in cameras. In select embodiments, second end receive device 3 may include a passive fiber connection and an infrared sensor card as a reflective component that can be configured to be viewed in visible or infrared by camera 7.
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As shown in the Figures and discussed above, the present disclosure may be directed to an apparatus and method used for the identification, mapping and troubleshooting of multi-fiber cables. Applying a unique port signature at one end of a multi-fiber cable and locating the corresponding port signature at the 2nd end of a multi-fiber cable is a critical part of being able to certify a new fiber installation, as well as audit, map, qualification testing of a new fiber installation, troubleshooting an existing fiber optic cable plant, and/or certification, which may require more in depth testing, like with multiple wavelengths and/or bidirectional testing.
In many communication systems, bundles of optical fibers extend significant distances between two points. In many buildings, these bundles of fibers terminate in a wiring closet. In a typical wiring closet, there may be hundreds of optical fibers. Upon leaving the wiring closet, these fibers diverge along different paths, extending through ceilings and walls to various other termination points in different parts of the building. In some cases, fibers that begin in a wiring closet extend to neighboring buildings. In many cases, the fibers appear identical to each other. Accordingly, it is often difficult for maintenance personnel to determine which of the many in a closet is the one that extends to a particular location. To address this difficulty, one typically shines a light through individual fibers and visually inspects the other ends of the fibers. Occasionally, a few optical fibers will break, or otherwise lose continuity. Proper maintenance of such communication systems typically includes identifying broken fibers. One way to identify broken fibers is to shine a light at a first end and look at a second end to see if a light exits out the other end. However, this procedure is carried out one fiber at a time and is therefore time consuming.
U.S. Pat. Nos. 8,823,925 and 8,467,041 disclose the transmission of a combination of visible colors and unique port signatures and the inspection of light, condition of said optical fibers, identifying a discontinuity, and mapping each of said second ends to a corresponding first end. The instant disclosure of a system and method for qualification, testing and/or mapping multi-strand fiber optic cables may be an improvement over U.S. Pat. Nos. 8,823,925 and 8,467,041. The additional features that the instant disclosure may improve upon may be discussed below.
Visual Fault Locators, or VFLs, are still the most common method to trace, identify, map, troubleshoot and document fiber optic infrastructure. While these VFLs are supposed to comply with laser safety standards, many of them are not very well regulated and often exceed max safety standards. It is common practice to look into the far end of the fiber with the naked eye to see which strand has the 650 nm red VFL on it. This practice presents a significant risk for eye damage as technicians will often times purchase VFLs that are rated as class 1 safe, but when tested, are many times the legal limit. Many technicians will purchase high-powered VFLs from 3rd party suppliers because they are able to see damaged fibers in splice trays at a longer distance, etc. Other fiber identifiers on the market require a mated connection in order to receive the identifier. Excessive mating cycles can degrade the quality of the end-user's connectors and increase the possibility of contaminating the end face of the connector with debris. This method eliminates these risks due to the non-contact capabilities. However, as mentioned above, this is also a time-consuming process often requiring more than one person and multiple VFLs: one on continuous red and the other on flashing red. If you get the wrong buffer tube or a faulty fiber you can spend a lot of personnel time, and potentially costly downtime trying to identify the correct strands between point A and point B. This could be between data centers, racks, utility poles, manholes, dark and cluttered MDF & IDF closets, etc. With the disclosed multi-fiber and multi-colored approach, this problem may be solved and time reduced spent by personnel on these tasks, as well as downtime for the traffic on the link. The disclosed system and method may allow one to augment their eyesight and speed up the transmission of information. The speed and the amount of information that can be transmitted is 3-4 times higher using the encrypted Morse code. When activated, the voice translation of the visible text feature of this device, a technician will not have to rely on looking at a lighted display. Once the encrypted text is received and confirmed by the receiving unit, the receiving unit audibly speaks that information, which can include building, wiring closet, cable number, buffer tube, strand number, the like, etc. A predetermined character may be substituted with a spoken word or phrase. In other embodiments, the controller can be configured to substitute a Morse code character with a preset value via a drop-down menu, e.g., Bldg #, Cable #, Buffer tube and strand numbers. In other embodiments, the controller can be configured to convert voice to text. The controller may have 3 or 4 buttons that will allow a technician to substitute a predetermined character with another word or phrase. By holding down the voice input button the end-user can speak into the device and record the desired message to be decoded at the far end.
Installation practices, procedures and methods have changed drastically as more and more fiber optic cables are installed and the cost has gone down drastically over the past decades. Many end-users are installing extra capacity due to the high cost of adding new cables and conduits in the future or leasing additional conduit infrastructure. It is common practice to pull 144 or 288 strands and leave many of them dark for future use. It is also common practice to fusion splice multiple strands in campus-type environments from one building to another or through multiple MDF and IDF closets for critical services, e.g., fire, security, A/V, police, etc. Fusion splices also eliminate most of the signal loss that you would get from using standard connectors and couplings. The disclosed system and method may eliminate the guess work associated with pulling X number of strands from cable Y in building Z and splicing or patching through multiple locations. One color can be used on each buffer tube or strand of fiber and a single technician can set up at a central location and quickly identify the multiple strands to be used in each location. If a fiber to be spliced does not have a connector on it, a mechanical connector with a cam lock can temporarily be installed on the cleaved strand in a minute or two, which will allow the 2-way communications and control link to be established and functions such as changing an identification signal on a strand to a solid or flashing VFL red on any given port, switching from VIS to NIR wavelengths, and turning the controller output off with the ability to re-enable the controller at any time can be achieved. Once the fiber has been identified, the technician can move to the next location and be certain they are maintaining continuity with the correct fibers along the path using the disclosed non-contact method. In situations where multiple cables and strands have been severed, the disclosed visible and audible method may speed up the restoration of service.
Fiber documentation is critical to a stable and secure network, and it is often the most challenging part of a cable plant to map out and maintain accurate records. The process of repeatedly plugging and unplugging a test fiber into the fiber optic ports to track down a fiber can introduce debris at that connection and possibly damage the connectors over time as required by other fiber identifier eliminates that concern as only the transmit end must be plugged in. In many cases, where a clear or light-colored dust cap has been installed, and the light being received is bright enough, the fiber optic strand may be identified without removing the dust cap. This would apply to the VIS spectrum. In select embodiments, system 1 and/or method 10 may allow the end-user to visibly detect and decode NIR light by using custom dust caps that have a built-in narrow bandpass filter (<4 mm). This would eliminate any debris contamination risks. This dust cap feature may be a highly desirable feature, especially in data center environments where there are high-density patch panels, large amount of air cooling being circulated and stirring up dust. It is also difficult or impossible to get your eyes in a position to see a VFL shining through a fiber connector in a high-density environment, which is not advisable for safety reasons. There is also a risk of disconnecting or damaging existing fiber connections. It may now be possible to fit 144 or 288 fiber terminations in one rack unit of space, which is roughly 19″w×1.75″H. It is much more feasible to get a 3.9 mm scope camera (or two) into that space to identify a fiber strand and verify continuity and polarity. Other identifiers rely on a clamp on transmitter and a second clamp-on receive unit. These can help identify a live fiber, provided you can find locations where the duplex circuit has an opening somewhere that will allow you to clamp onto a single strand, which would often require internal access to the patch panel due to the high-density duplex fiber environment. This increases the risk of accidental disconnects and costly downtime.
System 1 and/or method 10 may be configured to transmit visible and infrared information individually and/or simultaneously. This capability increases the distance limitations that are inherent to the capabilities of the shorter, visible wavelengths. The colors may be red, green, and blue and using laser diodes the light will travel to the useful limits of high-speed multimode fiber @550 meters. The colors will travel further than that over single mode fiber. Once you have reached the limit of the visible colors a band pass filter can be added to the tip of the camera to block all non-infrared wavelengths and the infrared will still audibly report as blue fiber 1, when wired to the same contacts as the color, blue fiber 1. This may allow a technician to disregard distance limitations to the legal limit of infrared lasers. If the camera that is used does not filter out the infrared spectrum, then a bandpass filter blocking the infrared spectrum can be used as needed. It may also allow the end-user to number the fiber strands sequentially up to the desired number, e.g., 1-48, etc., and shorten transmission/decoding time.
The disclosed transmit device may be controlled by using the DMX512 protocol typically used in lighting shows and can handle 512 individual lights per universe in standalone or active programming mode. In standalone mode, the lasers may be programmed in multiple configurations using momentary contact switches on the face of the transmitting device one at a time. This may allow for sequential, random, alternating, and other combinations such as speed in letters per minute. The end-user can operate this at speeds slow enough to visually recognize the color and count with the simplicity of Morse code numbering. This may allow the use of only the transmitting device should the receiving device fail to operate due to a low battery or other condition. Since this device can be configured to transmit both visible and infrared light simultaneously, the infrared wavelength can also be used as a power source by entering “steady-on” mode for the port(s) and obtaining a reference point of the signal level with a power meter. The power meter can be end-user supplied or built into the second end device as an optional feature. This may provide the end-user with the ability to set a customizable pass/fail alarm based on distance and other signal loss due to mated connectors and splices. This feature may allow the end-user the ability to see any high-loss anomalies in a multi-fiber bundle by comparing them to other along the same path.
DMX512 decoders also work with 2-way Ethernet protocols such as ART-net and RDM (remote device management) and others. This can be used to control the transmit device once one operational fiber strand has been identified by using a fiber to twisted-pair media converter attached to the DMX512 compatible controller.
In other embodiments the transmitting device can be modular in design. A 12-port version can simply be daisy-chained to one or more DMX512 decoders using a single controller. This may allow the end-user to start off with a low-cost, entry-level unit and grow incrementally to the quantity and desired feature set that they desire. Other receive unit capabilities may use large core non-contact patch cords to extend the light from the end-user's cable plant to a handheld device that may allow the incoming signal to be decoded, as mentioned in other embodiments. This may significantly speed up the auditing process of dark fibers in a cable plant. Accurate documentation is a critical piece of a reliable and cost-effective cable plant.
A feature of the present disclosure may be its ability to utilize the functionality as described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 8,823,925 and 8,467,041, which detail the transmission of a combination of visible colors and unique port signatures and the inspection of light, condition of said optical fibers (plastic or glass fibers), identifying a discontinuity, and mapping each of said second ends to a corresponding first end. The use of the disclosed scope-style camera may enhance the visual capabilities by being able to extend the “vision” to include locations where the human eye would have difficulty accessing due to limited space, as well as eliminate any potential hazard of being exposed to lasers that may exceed safe limits due to poor quality control during the manufacturing process or defective power limiting controls built into the laser's circuitry.
Another feature of the present disclosure may be, in addition to the ability to visibly count the port signatures, as permitted by U.S. Pat. Nos. 8,823,925 and 8,467,041, when set on a low speed transmission setting, the new features built into the disclosed DMX512 controller may enable the end-user to speed up the transmission from the first end transmit device and the camera and associated software at the second end receive device will be able to decode the Morse code message faster than the human eye is capable of doing. With the addition of encryption and substituting a long pre-defined phrase programmed into both ends with a single character, e.g., the letter ‘E’ is s simple dot in Morse code, this non-contact method of applying a specific color and port signature at the first end may allow for a much faster method of decoding. The disclosed system and method may not require physical contact (“physical contact” as defined by the Fiber Optic Association) with the end-user's cable plant and is capable of deciphering the code at the fiber optic connector adapter in a patch panel may protect the existing fiber optic connector from being contaminated by foreign debris, which can cause errors or permanent damage of the connector. Non-contact applies to mating with the end-user's fiber optic connectors, not the fiber optic connector mating adapter. Repeated connecting and disconnecting of mated fibers can also result in permanent damage of the connector. The addition of a tap port at the first end transmit device will allow the end-used to connect their preferred power source into the device that is already connected on the first end and once the fiber optic strand has been identified and/or repaired, the end-user can use this port to measure the total loss in the circuit without having to disconnect the first end and reconnect the power source. In a similar manner, the end-user can plug in their preferred OTDR to the tap port at the first end transmit device and produce a trace and loss on that circuit without having to disconnect and reconnect. This method may allow the end-user to perform multiple tasks with a single connection to their installed fiber optic infrastructure. This method would be used to identify and document new or existing infrastructure, disaster recovery applications where a fiber optic strand, or multiple strands in a multi-fiber cable were severed at a splice point or mid-span on a utility pole or in a manhole, handhole or other situations. A connector would not be needed to identify a strand of fiber as this is a non-contact identifier/visual fault locator (VFL).
Another feature of the disclosed system and method may be its ability to audibly announce the text information that it received from the first end transmit device and to identify the individual fiber optic strand in a multi-fiber cable. Most installers or troubleshooters use a single red VFL or one that is flashing and the other is in non-flashing mode. This exposes them to potential laser hazards and relies on the ability to get your eyes in position to see those lights. The disclosed system and method may use colors and port signature, and with the addition of a small USB otoscope connected to the 7″ tablet the end-user can avoid potential eye damage.
In another embodiment of the present disclosure, the disclosed system and method may allow use of the DM512 protocol and the ability to enable 2-way communications. Once a single fiber strand has been identified, the end-user can connect a twisted-pair to fiber media converter and take control of the first end transmit device. This may allow a single technician the ability to change the transmit signal from port signature mode on a specific fiber optic strand to VFL mode to troubleshoot a defective strand, and once it has been repaired, the technician will be able to measure the received power level for pass/fail compliance. When connected to and programmed by other DMX512 compatible protocols such as ART-net (Art-Net is a royalty-free communications protocol for transmitting the DMX512-A lighting control protocol and Remote Device management (RDM) protocol over the User Datagram Protocol (UDP) of the Internet protocol suite—https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Art-Net#:˜:text=Art%2DNet%20is% 20a%20royalty,of%20the%20Internet%20protocol%20suite); and/or RDM (RDM or Remote Device Management is a protocol that sits on top of the DMX512 and allows bi-directional communication between a lighting or system controller and attached RDM compliant fixtures over a standard DMX data cable. DMX is an one direction protocol—from the controller to the lighting fixture—see https://ovationlights.com/industry/what-is-rdm-protocol/#:˜:text=RDM (Remote%20Device%20Management)%20is,controller%20to%20the%20lighting%20fixture).
In sum, the disclosed system and method for qualification, testing and/or mapping multi-strand fiber-optic cables is an improvement over U.S. Pat. Nos. 8,823,925 and 8,467,041. The disclosed system and method for qualification, testing and/or mapping multi-strand fiber-optic cables improves the safety of the technician who currently relies on looking for a laser at the far end of a fiber optic cable. In many instances VFL laser light cannot be seen in certain types of fiber optic patch panels, e.g., densely populated panels that make it impossible to see all terminations, and wall-mount patch panels that have fiber terminations parallel to the wall, etc. The disclosed system and method for qualification, testing and/or mapping multi-strand fiber-optic cables provides a non-contact method that eliminates the possibility of contaminating the end face of the connectors in the end-user's fiber optic cable plant. Dirty connectors account for many of the connectivity problems encountered due to the small size of the core (9 um-50 um)
The disclosed system and method for qualification, testing and/or mapping multi-strand fiber-optic cables may use existing DMX512 protocol (DMX512 is a standard for digital communication networks that are commonly used to control lighting and effects), or various other methods that could possibly achieve the same outcome by transmitting at a rate of between 1 & 10 Hz.
The disclosed system and method for qualification, testing and/or mapping multi-strand fiber-optic cables may use Morse code, including, but not limited to, encrypted Morse code which substitutes Morse code symbols for words, e.g., it can transmit the letter “A”, which can translate to the word “Fiber” at the far end. So, in a sense, it may not really be Morse code. Morse code specifications rely on a dot being a certain length (say 5 ms) and a dash being three times the duration of a dot (15 ms) and spacing between letters or words being 7 times the length of a dot (35 ms). The disclosed system and method could easily transmit some other variation of this and with the proper software at the receiving end, the disclosed system and method could use a new form of Morse code, or another form of binary data transmission, as it could transmit any desired encoded messages at a rate of between 1 & 10 Hz. The disclosed system and method for qualification, testing and/or mapping multi-strand fiber-optic cables may utilize already developed Morse code Apps or software configured for decoding Morse code with a smart phone, like those found on the Google Play Store. The Morse code App may include features, like: Encryption, alarm on certain strings and announce the alarm with a verbal, audible response. In other select embodiments, the disclosed system and method for qualification, testing and/or mapping multi-strand fiber-optic cables may develop their own software or App.
System 1 and/or method 10 for qualification, testing and/or mapping multi-strand fiber-optic cables may use cameras at the receive side to detect infrared light. In addition to using smartphone cameras, the disclosed system and method may use otoscope cameras connected to a custom display as one method. In select embodiments, the disclosed system and method may extend the light from the fiber optic patch panel over a non-contact large diameter fiber cable and extend the light from the patch panel into the disclosed cradle-style smartphone enclosure that is designed to adapt to the camera location on multiple smartphones, or another similar device could be manufactured that accomplishes the same thing.
As described and shown herein, system 1 and/or method 10 for qualification, testing and/or mapping multi-strand fiber-optic cables may provide improvements over the prior art, including, but not limited to: improvements in eye safety; providing a non-contact system and method for qualification, testing and/or mapping multi-strand fiber-optic cables; providing far end receive units—multiple types; providing 2-way communications and control; providing audible output (customizable input); providing DMX control; providing the use of Morse code; the like, and/or combinations thereof.
In the specification and/or figures, typical embodiments of the disclosure have been disclosed. The present disclosure is not limited to such exemplary embodiments. The use of the term “and/or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. The figures are schematic representations and so are not necessarily drawn to scale. Unless otherwise noted, specific terms have been used in a generic and descriptive sense and not for purposes of limitation.
The foregoing description and drawings comprise illustrative embodiments. Having thus described exemplary embodiments, it should be noted by those skilled in the art that the within disclosures are exemplary only, and that various other alternatives, adaptations, and modifications may be made within the scope of the present disclosure. Merely listing or numbering the steps of a method in a certain order does not constitute any limitation on the order of the steps of that method. Many modifications and other embodiments will come to mind to one skilled in the art to which this disclosure pertains having the benefit of the teachings presented in the foregoing descriptions and the associated drawings. Although specific terms may be employed herein, they are used in a generic and descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation. Accordingly, the present disclosure is not limited to the specific embodiments illustrated herein but is limited only by the following claims.
This application claims benefit to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63/544,367, filed on Oct. 16, 2023, which is incorporated by reference in its entirety.
Number | Date | Country | |
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63544367 | Oct 2023 | US |