This section is intended to provide a background or context to the invention that is recited in the claims. The description herein may include concepts that could be pursued but are not necessarily ones that have been previously conceived or pursued. Therefore, unless otherwise indicated herein, what is described in this section is not prior art to the description and claims in this application and is not admitted to be prior art by inclusion in this section.
This patent application relates to certain types of commercial trucks classified as class 6 (GVWR 19501→26000 lbs.) or class 7 (GVWR 26001→33000 lbs.) vehicles configured as roadway or street sweepers. While commercial trucks include the usual foot-actuated throttle pedal for use in driving the truck from one location to another (including at highway speeds), street or roadway sweepers move relatively slowly while sweeping along a curb. While class 6/7 trucks are specified as optimum, trucks of a higher or lower class rating are not excluded.
Roadway or street sweepers (generally referred to herein as roadway sweepers, sweeper vehicles, or roadway sweeper vehicles) have evolved into two general sweeper-vehicle configurations.
In a first sweeper-vehicle configuration, better-suited for parking lot/garage sweeping, the vehicle engine (viz., the “prime mover”) connects through a vehicle transmission via conventional drivetrain components (e.g., drive shaft(s), “U” joints, etc.) to the rear axle for vehicle movement in a forward or rearward direction. In this first sweeper-vehicle configuration, a hydraulic pump is connected to and driven by the prime mover to provide a supply of pressurized hydraulic fluid in a hydraulic system for rotating one or more side brooms and various bidirectional cylinders and related components. Since air flow streams are useful in many debris sweeping/removal contexts, a hydraulic motor, connected to the pressurized hydraulic system, is used to drive a fan (typically, centrifugal) to provide a recirculating air-flow sufficient to move debris from the surface being swept into a debris-receiving inlet or a below-atmospheric-pressure air-flow to provide a suction effect at a suction-inlet for removing debris from the swept surface.
In a second sweeper-vehicle configuration better-suited for the removal of “packed together” debris contiguous to or adjacent to a curb, an auxiliary engine is provided and coupled to the fan to provide the desired air-flow. Typically, the second engine (the auxiliary engine) is in the horsepower range. In this second sweeper-vehicle configuration, the prime mover is normally not used to power the fan. The second engine requires fuel, lubricating oil, a cooling system, maintenance and repair, etc., resulting in an additional associated cost for the desired air-flow.
Commercial truck chassis are often sold as a “chassis cab” combination with spaced parallel, longitudinally-aligned, and rearwardly extending frame rails upon which the customer installs numerous components for a specific function, such as a street or roadway sweeper. The “chassis cab” combinations typically include an operator cab, engine/transmission and related drive-line components (e.g., drive shaft(s), “U” joints, rear axle, etc.) along with steering, braking, and lighting systems.
In the case where the final configuration is a street or roadway sweeper, various sub-assemblies specific to the street sweeping function are mounted on the truck frame rails. These sub-assemblies can include, in the case of a recirculating air-flow sweeper, a fan for producing a recirculating air-flow at one or more debris pick-up openings or, in the case of a suction type sweeper, a sub-atmospheric-pressure air-inflow at one or more suction-inlet(s) for entraining debris from the swept surface for transport via ducting to a debris-receiving hopper. Other commonly used sub-assemblies include one or more hydraulic systems for creating and delivering pressurized hydraulic fluid to various hydraulic cylinders, hydraulic motors (for driving sweeping brooms), and hydraulic actuators, etc., one or more pneumatic systems for creating and delivering pressurized air to various pneumatic cylinders, pneumatic motors, and pneumatic actuators, etc., and a program-controlled network for controlling most or all aspects of the sweeping functions via an in-cab control console.
Certain types of power-handling devices, generally referred to as hydrostatic variable power dividers (VPD), are known for connection to and for accepting the output of the vehicle engine and supplying a portion of the engine output through the drivetrain to the rear axle and another portion of the engine output to at least one auxiliary device, such as a fan input shaft and/or the various pumps of the hydraulic and pneumatic systems. In general, hydrostatic variable power dividers can save the cost of the second engine and its related on-going fuel and maintenance costs. The use of hydrostatic variable power dividers can be viewed as a third sweeper-vehicle configuration.
The power demands (viz., the “load”) placed on a sweeper vehicle engine are, in part, a function of the type of debris being swept and changes in that debris as the sweeper vehicle moves, for example, along a curb. A sweeper vehicle having side brooms and a vacuuming system in which the debris is principally dried leaves will have power demands substantially less than a sweeper vacuuming water-saturated leaves. In a similar manner, the power demands placed on the vehicle engine are increased when the vehicle moves up an inclined roadway and decreased when the vehicle moves along a declining roadway.
The issue of varying power demands on the vehicle engine is addressed by one manufacturer by installing a manually operated potentiometer mounted on the vehicle dashboard. The potentiometer is connected directly or indirectly to the engine electronic control unit (ECU). The vehicle operator can manually increase or decrease the engine RPM output as needed by adjusting the potentiometer. Thus, the vehicle operator, in response to a perceived increase in power demands (“load”), can manually rotate the potentiometer in a first direction to increase engine power RPM output, and, conversely, rotate the potentiometer in the opposite direction to decrease engine power RPM output. One issue with this arrangement is that the vehicle operator can forget to return to the decreased engine speed and thus waste fuel after the extra power is no longer needed or desired.
There are various descriptive metrics for characterizing the output power of a truck engine, including the horsepower (HP) metric and the revolutions-per-minute (RPM) metric. As used herein, the RPM metric is associated with the engine power output with increased or increasing RPM corresponding to increased or increasing power output.
In some embodiments, a roadway sweeper vehicle includes an engine, under the control of an electronic control unit (ECU), which provides its output power to a hydrostatic variable power divider which, in turn, provides power along a first pathway through the vehicle transmission (typically, a multi-speed automatic transmission) and related drivetrain components (drive shaft(s), “U” joints, etc.) to the vehicle rear axle for powering the forward and reverse motion of the vehicle. A second power pathway is provided from the hydrostatic variable power divider to a shaft connected to the vehicle fan to provide sufficient power (e.g., approximately 100 HP or more) for creating the desired debris removal airflow. If desired, the second power pathway can provide power to other devices, including one or more hydraulic pumps and/or air compressor(s) and related distribution manifold(s) for powering various motors, bi-directional cylinders, actuators, etc.
In some embodiments, the sweeper vehicle roadway-speed is controlled in one of two roadway-speed regimes. In the first roadway-speed regime (sometimes referred to herein as a travel mode), the vehicle operator uses the vehicle accelerator pedal, as provided by the vehicle manufacturer, in a conventional manner to control the vehicle speed between zero and some maximum speed (e.g., a maximum highway speed), often with the use of a speed governing device. In this configuration, the hydrostatic variable power divider is controlled to pass the engine power through the variable power divider into the vehicle automatic transmission. The automatic transmission gear ratios can then be controlled by selecting one of the transmission gear ratios, typically including LO (1st) gear, second gear (S), and drive (D).
In some embodiments, the second roadway-speed regime (sometimes referred to herein as a sweeping mode) is between zero and a maximum sweeping speed, e.g., about 20 mph, which range includes the typical 3-4 mph (approximately 5-6 km/hr) roadway speed for a sweeper vehicle when sweeping along a curb. One of the plurality of available fixed engine speeds is made available to the vehicle operator and is selected by the vehicle operator from the control console in the vehicle cab. The selected engine speed output is passed through the hydrostatic variable power divider that can also be controlled to output an RPM value most suitable for input to the vehicle automatic transmission. Since the vehicle automatic transmission has plural user-selectable gearing, typically, a LO (1st) gear, a second gear (S), and a drive gear (D), the output of the hydrostatic variable power divider can be optimized for input to the vehicle automatic transmission. Thereafter, the output of the automatic transmission is provided to the rear axle. A pairing of the hydrostatic variable power divider RPM output to the vehicle automatic transmission in LO (1st) gear could be considered an acceptable, if not an optimal or near-optimal, choice for moving the sweeper vehicle at the typical 3-4 mph (approximately 5-6 km/hr) speed for a sweeper vehicle when sweeping in its sweeping mode, e.g. along a curb.
In response to an increased load condition, the vehicle operator can request a transient or temporary increase in the power output of the engine by depressing the vehicle throttle pedal to provide the desired short-term or transient increase in engine RPM to the hydrostatic variable power divider, the vehicle transmission, and to the rear axle and thereby address the need for a temporary increase in power. Thus, the accelerator pedal provides a convenient control for a temporary boost in engine RPM output as identified by the vehicle operator while in the second roadway-speed regime. The ability of the vehicle operator to request a transient or momentary increase in the power output of the engine decreases the need for the operator to switch operating power ranges.
In some implementations of the above-described system, the various components are interconnected by an industry-standard controller area network (CAN) that includes, for example, a twisted-pair bus (CANHI and CANLO) terminated at each end by a resistor to minimize signal reflection.
Each bus-interface node (BIN) includes a transceiver connected to the twisted-pair bus, a controller, and a microprocessor for handling any computations required for that bus-interface node including digital signal processing. If desired, the CAN network can provide for data processing for one bus-interface node by another bus-interface node.
A plurality of bus-interface nodes (BINs) connect the CAN bus to various components including, for example, the electronic control unit (ECU) for the vehicle prime mover (i.e, engine), the controller for the hydrostatic variable power divider, the automatic transmission, the power takeoff (PTO) driving the vehicle fan, the hydraulically driven devices, the pneumatically driven devices, and various other components.
One benefit of the controller area network (CAN) is that an almost unlimited number of bus-interface nodes (BIN) can be connected to communicate with one another and with the various sensors and controlled devices.
Although some preferred embodiments utilize a variable power divider, the improvement can be used with sweeper vehicles that do not use a variable power divider, including configurations that use an auxiliary engine or that take power from the vehicle prime mover.
In the fabrication and assembly of certain types of purpose-specific trucks, such as roadway sweepers, it is a common practice to purchase a commercially available truck as a “cab chassis” combination including a cab for the vehicle operator, an engine, lighting and braking systems, drivetrain components, and spaced-apart frame rails extending rearwardly from the cab. Various assemblies are then mounted to the frame rails and interconnected to achieve the desired functionality (e.g., roadway sweeper or other vehicle type). In general, the truck is provided by the manufacturer with an engine and related drivetrain components sufficient for highway use from one location to another.
In the case of a roadway sweeper, the various assemblies and sub-assemblies that are mounted to the frame include a debris-receiving hopper, a fan for establishing an air-flow at one or more debris-receiving inlets, one or more hydraulic pumps for providing pressurized hydraulic fluid via a controllable fluid manifold for distribution of the pressurized hydraulic fluid to various motors, bi-directional cylinders, actuators, etc. and (if desired) at least one pneumatic air compressor for providing pressurized air to various motors, bi-directional cylinders, and actuators for driving and controlling side brooms and/or tube brooms and the like.
In general, the vehicles provided by the manufacturer include a conventional foot-operated pedal for controlling the vehicle speed (including highway speeds) of the “as delivered” cab-chassis vehicle. The pedal assemblage includes a pedal position sensor, which preferably can take the form of a digital encoder or, alternatively, an analog device that outputs to an analog-to-digital converter to provide a digital signal that indicates the pedal position with acceptable accuracy. In general, the pedal position sensor is connected to a vehicle network to provide the pedal position information to any device that requires the information.
Because roadway sweepers usually operate at comparatively low forward speeds between zero and 20 mph, which speed range includes the 3-4 mph (approximately 5-6 km/hr) vehicle speed while sweeping along a curb with varying “load” demands, a control console is provided that presents the vehicle operator with plural operator-selectable speeds. The manufacturer supplied vehicle still controls vehicle ground speed in concert with the inputs to the hydrostatic variable power divider and any RPM “assist” or “boost,” as explained below.
Shown in
As explained below, the RPM assist feature is actuated by the vehicle operator by depressing the vehicle accelerator pedal P to and/or beyond a “threshold assist” position, typically about 50% or so of the available pedal travel range, to initially provide the computed engine assist value. Further pedal depression beyond the threshold assist position will increase the RPM assist until a maximum assist value is attained.
In
An RPM value, when selected, will maintain a desired forward vehicle speed for a particular sweeping “load.” For example, if dry leaves are being swept, the vehicle operator may select the 1400+ RPM speed; if damp leaves are being swept, the operator may select the 1500+ RPM speed; and, if water-saturated leaves are being swept, the operator may select the 1600+ RPM speed.
In addition to variations in sweeping “load” consequent to changes in the material being swept, changes in the inclination or declination of the roadway being swept can likewise affect the sweeping “load.”
Because of the variations in load, it is considered beneficial for the vehicle operator to have the ability to temporarily or momentarily increase engine RPM (i.e., power) output on an as-needed basis. As explained in more detail below, for any selected RPM value that has the associated RPM “assist” or “boost” feature (as indicated by the “+” symbol), the system determines the available “assist” power for the selected RPM speed as a percentage of the selected RPM value. The “assist” feature can be invoked by depressing the vehicle throttle pedal a selected threshold distance (e.g., about 50% of the available pedal travel distance), with further depression of the pedal increasing the available boost power until the boost power achieves its maximum value. As can be appreciated, different pedal depression percentages (e.g., 40%, 60%) can be used to invoke the assist feature.
As shown in
Each bus-interface node BIN includes a microprocessor pp for addressing computational needs for that bus interface-node BIN. On occasion, a need may arise for a separate, more capable, microprocessor for more complex or more extensive processing, including more extensive digital signal processing. A more capable bus-interface node BIN can be provided, represented at 50 in
A standard manufacturer-supplied foot-actuated pedal 100 (
The manufacturer-supplied foot-actuated pedal 100 typically includes a digital sensor 102, whose output is representative of the pedal position. Thus, when the vehicle operator senses a temporary need for more power in the curb-sweeping mode (often necessitated by an increased density of the debris being swept or a change in the roadway inclination/declination), the vehicle operator can press on the pedal P to or beyond some assist threshold to signal the electronic control unit 10 to temporarily increase engine RPM and associated power output within selected limits for each selected power range in a manner consistent with the representative flow chart of
As can be appreciated, the 1800 RPM value is arbitrary and other values may be selected.
Thereafter, at execution step 202, the accelerator pedal position is determined from the chassis engine data bus (optionally) or the pedal position sensor 102 (
At step 210, the current available additive speed is calculated arithmetically as follows:
The above-described system allows the vehicle operator to initially establish a selected one of a plurality of possible engine RPM values; thereafter, as the vehicle encounters changes in the “load,” the vehicle operator can request a temporary or transient additive “boost” or “assist” by merely depressing the vehicle accelerator pedal P and thereafter (when the need for a boost or assist is no longer required) releasing the vehicle pedal P back to a desired level.
The arrangement of
In practice, each operator-selectable RPM value (via column 300) has an associated memory cell for providing the corresponding command to the engine ECU 10 (
While the illustrated embodiments, disclosed above, utilize a hydrostatic variable power divider, the power assist or boost feature can be used in the context of a dual engine sweeper vehicle. More specifically, a roadway or street sweeper vehicle can include a manufacturer-provided engine that transmits power to the rear wheels for forward and reverse motion and include a secondary engine for driving the suction-creating fan and, if desired, one or more auxiliary devices including, e.g., hydraulic pump(s) and/or air compressors for providing pressurized fluids/air for various fluidic motors and actuators.
The electronic processing herein is disclosed as a mix of analog devices and digital devices; both processing regimes are equally suitable.
As will be apparent to those skilled in the art, various changes and modifications may be made to the illustrated embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as determined by the appended claims and their legal equivalents.
This application claims priority from and the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application 63/234,690 filed Aug. 18, 2021 entitled “System and Method for Providing a Power Assist Feature in a Motor Vehicle,” by the inventor herein and in common ownership herewith, which is incorporated herein by reference.
Number | Date | Country | |
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63234690 | Aug 2021 | US |