1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a system and method for standards and governance evaluation framework, and more particularly to a system and method for establishing an inventory of standards and policies, evaluating the level of compliance with the standards, and resolving identified exceptions to the standards.
2. Discussion of the Related Art
Standards, policies, and best practices (collectively referred to as “standards”) are used by organizations to guide and influence the behavior of its employees. However, inventory and evaluation systems for standards and policies include disparate and incongruent collections of standards. While existing systems attempt to organize the inventory of standards under broad categories and evaluate a level of compliance to the standards, the standards are disjointed and unconnected to the objects to which the standards apply. Further, these systems do not identify the groups or individuals responsible for meeting the standards. Because of these deficiencies, a comprehensive understanding of the true level of compliance with the standards and risk to the organization from non-compliance are not readily available.
Thus, there remains a need for a system, method, and software for establishing an inventory of standards and policies, evaluating the level of compliance with the standards, and resolving identified exceptions to the standards.
Accordingly, the present invention is directed to a system and method for standards and governance evaluation framework that substantially obviates one or more problems due to limitations and disadvantages of the related art.
An object of the present invention is to provide a systems and methods to consolidate and maintain the standards of an organization.
Another object of the present invention is to provide systems and methods to tie the standards to the objects to which they apply (e.g., people, divisions, departments, buildings, equipment, etc.—collectively referred to as “assets”).
Another object of the present invention is to provide systems and methods to evaluate the operational risk to an organization by determining the level of compliance with the standards. Yet another object of the present invention is to provide systems and methods to view exceptions to the standards and to track trends of performance metrics for remediation.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be apparent from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.
To achieve these and other advantages and in accordance with the purpose of the present invention, as embodied and broadly described, a system includes a standards inventory database to store at least one control model, the at least one control model including at least one control objective and one or more controls, wherein each of the one or more controls is related to at least one asset of an organization, a tests datastore to store one or more control tests to be applied to the at least one asset of the organization, each of the one or more controls being associated with at least one of the one or more control tests, and a server including a testing tool to evaluate each of the one or more controls using the at least one of the one or more control tests associated with each of the one or more controls and to assign a status to the one or more control tests, and a metrics engine to track performance metrics of each of the one or more controls based on the status of the one or more control tests to provide trends in compliance with the one or more controls.
In another aspect, a method includes establishing a control structure, the control structure including at least one control model, the at least one control model including at least one control objective and one or more controls, wherein each of the one or more controls is related to at least one asset of an organization, associating one or more control tests to be applied to the at least one asset of the organization with each of the one or more controls, evaluating each of the one or more controls using at least one of the one or more control tests associated with each of the one or more controls, assigning a status to the one or more control tests, and tracking performance metrics of each of the one more controls based on the status of the one or more control tests to provide trends in compliance with the one or more controls.
In still yet another aspect, a computer program product includes a computer readable medium having stored thereon computer executable instructions that, when executed on a computer, configure the computer to perform a method including the steps of establishing a control structure, the control structure including at least one control model, the at least one control model including at least one control objective and one or more controls, wherein each of the one or more controls is related to at least one asset of an organization, associating one or more control tests to be applied to the at least one asset of the organization with each of the one or more controls, evaluating each of the one or more controls using at least one of the one or more control tests associated with each of the one or more controls, assigning a status to the one or more control tests, and tracking performance metrics of each of the one more controls based on the status of the one or more control tests to provide trends in compliance with the one or more controls.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory and are intended to provide further explanation of the invention as claimed.
The specific examples provided herein are meant to be examples only and are not to be construed as limiting. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the system and method for standards and governance evaluation framework of the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention.
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. In the drawings:
Reference will now be made in detail to the embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
The systems and methods for standards and governance evaluation (“SAGE”) is designed to inventory standards and policies of an entity, to rate the risk of each of the standards or policies, to relate them to the entities to which they apply, and to plug into an evaluation mechanism to identify exceptions and track the exceptions through to resolution. The systems and methods of the present invention allow organizations to manage their standards. The systems and methods of the present invention also provide for the identification of the groups or individuals responsible for meeting these standards and for the tracking of compliance and remediation of exceptions to the standards.
The standards inventory database 102 stores the control models, control objectives, and controls. The asset database 103 stores information related to assets of an organization. For example, the information may relate to people, divisions, departments, buildings, equipment, and software applications. Assets or “auditable entities” represent activities or entities to which a control test applies. The control models, control objectives, and controls stored in the standards inventory database 102 are related to the assets (i.e., the entity to which they apply) stored in the asset database 103 through the use of relational database tables. Risk data, test frequency data, and other information related to the set up of a control are stored with the control in the standards inventory database 103. Examples of such data include notification to/cc/bcc information, notification templates, and whether to store key performance indicator metrics on exceptions.
In the exemplary embodiment shown in
Exceptions data is generated when non-compliance of a standard is detected or identified. The exceptions data is stored in exceptions database 105. In some embodiments, the data in databases 102, 103, and 105 may be integrated into one or more databases.
In the exemplary embodiment of
As shown in
Client devices 107-109 may include a web browser or other graphical user interface as well as other computer applications. Examples of various interfaces are shown in
As shown in
In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the control model is the broadest grouping and identifies a risk, cost, or benefit goal in general terms. The goal represents a general requirement that is easily understood by business users. For example, an organization may be required to maintain proper information barriers to control the flow of material, non-public information. This may be catalogued as a goal.
Since goals are general, by definition, they must be subdivided into a set of discrete objectives which, if achieved, meet the established goal. Control objectives may be applied to any area of an organization that conducts a specified activity. In some embodiments, control objectives are not specific to a particular business area.
The pursuit of an objective may require one or more specific steps to be taken by one or more groups, sometimes with interdependencies. In an exemplary embodiment, a control, also referred to as a standard, is a policy or requirement that satisfies a control objective for a business area or application. Controls may be defined by employees of an organization.
Controls are expressed in terms that can be tested. For example, the maintenance of a particular information barrier requires the identification of key data that can be used to distinguish those on one side of the barrier from those on the other. This data must then be used by a number of systems and processed to control the flow of information. Changes to the data must be properly communicated, and the overall process must be periodically reviewed for effectiveness. To determine the effectiveness of the process, various tests associated with defined standards may be performed.
Controls or standards also may be grouped into domains to allow for categorization. A domain is the group who owns, audits, and is responsible for tracking compliance with a set of standards. Examples of typical domains include Finance, Corporate Security, IT Security, Human Resources, Business Continuity Planning (BCP), and Audit.
Once a standard is defined, tools are provided to evaluate the standard by testing whether the standard is being met. The methods and systems of the present invention are used to influence the behavior of a diverse population where direct authority may not be a completely effective method for ensuring compliance with a strict set of standards. Testing is intended to demonstrate that the standard is effective over time and to adequately highlight the risk exposure if a standard is not met.
A control is tested using a control test. Since a control may apply to multiple business areas, a test may be conducted for each combination of control and business area. To develop a consistent metrics framework, each test is assigned a value during the period in which it is tested. For example, a test may be assigned one of the following four values: Tested, Tested—Issues, Exempt, or Not Tested. A status of Tested indicates that the business area meets the documented control standards with no significant issues detected. A status of Tested-Issues means that the asset or auditable entity, such as a business area, software application, or legal entity, was tested during the control period, but issues were raised and documented. Each test having this status is entered into a remediation tool and tracked using the remediation tool to resolve the issues. A status of Exempt means that an attribute of the asset or auditable entity obviates the need for testing during this period. A status of Not Tested means that a determination needs to be performed as to whether the status is Tested or Tested—Issues.
Tests may be executed in a number of ways, depending on the nature of the activity, the inherent risk, available resources, and other factors. The test method may also vary from period to period. Tests do not have to be conducted by a particular individual or in a specific way.
Examples of various testing methods include Manager Attestation, Evaluation, Business Rules, and Sampling or Cycling. For Manager Attestation, the manager of the business area is provided with documentation and resources to help him understand the control requirements and is asked to assert his group's compliance with those standards. This is the least invasive test and scales very well across a large organization. However, for Manager Attestation, standards need to be articulated such that untrained managers can conduct a self-assessment with minimal support. The manager sets the test status, and the audit manager is informed of the test status.
Evaluation includes an audit manager conducting an evaluation of the control for each business area in his domain. With this method, the audit manager sets the test status, and the business manager is informed of the test status.
The testing method Business Rules may be used in cases where compliance with a control is automatically detected by querying applications for the data that provides evidence of behavior. Many variations of this type of test may be used, including queries and automated tests. For example, if the control requires that a business area have documented business continuity procedures, a query that finds documents in the document repository that are appropriately tagged may be sufficient to prove compliance. Another example is if a control requires that application change events be processed by an organization's change management system, the existence of change tickets for the application may be used to demonstrate compliance with the control.
Some tests may be complicated, onerous, and critical, and therefore cannot be satisfied by the other methods of testing. The Sampling or Cycling testing method may be used. By randomly selecting a sample and conducting a comprehensive audit of the sample, the area of an organization responsible for controls may detect whether a complete evaluation is required. Alternatively, by evaluating a portion of an organization's business areas each period, ultimately evaluating all business areas over a number of periods, more onerous tests can be conducted more efficiently.
The systems and methods for SAGE framework in accordance with the present invention include a remediation component. This component is used for exception management and remediation and is focused on fixing the root cause of a problem, which manifests itself through non-compliance with a standard.
Various mechanisms may be used for remediation. For example, notification tools, a metrics engine, or a tool for exception management may be used. A notification may be sent to any or all of the following in the event of non-compliance with a control standard: control owner, entity owner (i.e., to which the standard applies), or any interested party. Non-compliance information may be fed to an external metrics engine based on testing frequency to determine metrics. Exception Management includes feeding exception data into an issue tracking tool for follow up. Any combination of the above can be used for any control standard.
In some embodiments, the control models, control objectives, and the controls are defined by a user. The user accesses an application, which is sent by application server 111 over communication network 110, using client devices 107-109.
An interface is provided by application server 111 for creating a control model. For example, a user, such as a domain owner, inputs information about the control model, such as the control model name and the domain of the control model, into the interface. The business owner, manager, and entitlement group information may also be inputted for a control model. After a user enters information into the interface regarding the control model, this information is transmitted over communication network 110 and stored in the standards inventory database 102.
At step 302 of
Once the control test is applied to a specific asset, a status of the control test, such as Tested, Tested-Issues, Exempt, and Not Tested, is assigned. The status may be assigned automatically by database server 101 or application server 111, or any other processor performing the test. The status of the control test is stored in the tests datastore 104 with the associated test. In other embodiments, the status of the control test may be stored in the standards inventory database 102 with the associated control.
In some embodiments, the status may also be assigned by a system user. For example, if the control test is satisfied by performing a manager attestation, evaluation, or a sampling/cycling, a user interface is accessed through client devices 107-109. As shown in
At step 303 of
At step 303 of
At step 304 of
Database server 101, application server 111, or another processor may identify the exceptions based on the status of the control test. Database server 101 or application server 111 may retrieve information, such as the name of the control and the status, from the standards inventory database 102 for storage in the exceptions database 105.
At step 305 of
The systems and methods for SAGE framework in accordance with the present invention may provide many benefits to organizations. First, all of the standards of an organization may be consolidated into a central system. This consolidation prevents the standards and associated information from being stored in disparate systems or formats. Second, the standards of an organization can be related to the people, divisions, assets or entities that are required to comply with the standards. Third, risk ratings and metrics provide a view into the operational risk to an organization when a standard falls into exception (i.e., the standard is not complied with). For example, the lack of compliance with certain standards by an organization may put the organization or its employees at great risk and identifying these risks is important to the organization. Last, open exceptions and metric trends can be tracked and accessed by system users to determine if compliance is increasing or decreasing over time. Further, trends and statistics related to compliance may be used to determine if the standards are appropriate for a given population and to identify repeated violators of the standards.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the system and method for standards and governance evaluation framework of the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, it is intended that the present invention cover the modifications and variations of this invention provided they come within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.
This application claims the benefit of the U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/924,099 filed on Apr. 30, 2007, which is hereby incorporated by reference.
Number | Date | Country | |
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60924099 | Apr 2007 | US |