Technical Field
Embodiments of the invention relate generally to power generation systems and, more particularly, to a system and method for supporting a boiler load.
Discussion of Art
Steam boiler plants generally have large furnaces which are commonly constructed of a number of water-cooled tubes welded in side-by-side arrangement to form gas tight tube banks forming the walls of the furnace. Boilers may be supported from the bottom, middle, or top depending on, for example, the particular application and the size of the boiler. Typically, package boilers, pre-engineered oil- and gas-fired boilers, and solid fuel-fired boilers up to about 60 tph can be bottom-supported. In a bottom-support design, a supporting structure is utilized to support the weight of the boiler from below, and expansion of the boiler pressure parts and hot structural parts occurs upward.
Beyond a certain size, however, top-support designs are typically employed. In particular, as boiler size is increased, differential expansion of the pressure parts and hot structural parts and the weight of the boiler increases, making it cheaper to adopt top support. Top-support designs can be likened to a church bell, whereby all pressure parts and other components are suspended from structural members (e.g., girders) of the steam generating plant. In top-support designs, as the furnace approaches operating temperature, the furnace walls expand vertically downward.
In all boilers, pressure excursions within the furnace (i.e., either an increase or a decrease in pressure within the furnace) cause a resultant additional flexing of the tube walls either inwardly or outwardly in a horizontal direction. It has therefore become customary and necessary to provide an arrangement of flanged girder beams, typically referred to as buckstays, that extend around the furnace to provide additional support to the furnace walls and prevent substantial movement of the furnace walls in a horizontal direction as affected by pressure differential.
Typically, these buckstays are disposed in bands around the perimeter of the furnace walls at vertically spaced intervals throughout the height of the furnace. Horizontally, the buckstays on opposite walls of the furnace are interconnected through buckstay ties so that the reactions of one buckstay are resisted by the reactions of the buckstay on the opposing wall so as to counteract the pressure forces acting on the furnace walls. Vertically, it has been customary to provide vertical support members to interconnect each buckstay to its upper and lower neighbors with a connection that permits a sliding action which is required due to relative movement between the furnace tube walls to which each buckstay is connected and the buckstays themselves.
Certain boiler applications require that the bottom of the furnace serve as a storage hopper for bottom ash accumulation. As will be readily appreciated, such accumulation and storage of bottom ash at the bottom of the furnace creates a large live load on the boiler, which contributes to additional difficulties in the design and construction of buckstays and pressure parts.
Existing solutions to account for the weight of accumulated bottom ash have been to beef up the furnace buckstay system and top supporting members (e.g., building framework, pressure part hangers, pressure part support straps, etc.). These methods, however, can costly, difficult to implement, especially where the capacity for substantial bottom ash accumulation is desired. For example, existing methods for providing additional support for top-supported boilers may no longer be adequate for large boilers in which a large amount of bottom ash storage capacity is desired.
In an embodiment, a support system for a boiler is provided. The system includes a plurality of support assemblies arranged intermediate a ground surface and the boiler. Each of the support assemblies include a first support leg having a lower end operatively connected to the ground surface and an upper end operatively connected to the boiler, a second support leg having a lower end operatively connected to the ground surface and an upper end operatively connected to the boiler, and at least one spring operatively connected to the first support leg and the second support leg and extending horizontally between the first support leg and the second support leg.
In another embodiment, a support assembly for a boiler is provided. The support assembly includes a first support member extending vertically between a ground surface and the boiler, a second support member extending vertically between the ground surface and the boiler and spaced from the first support member, and at least one spring extending intermediate the first support member and the second support member.
In yet another embodiment of the invention, a method for supporting a boiler load is provided. The method includes the steps of arranging a first support leg between a ground surface and the boiler, arranging a second support leg between the ground surface and the boiler, and interconnecting the first and second support leg with a variable spring.
The present invention will be better understood from reading the following description of non-limiting embodiments, with reference to the attached drawings, wherein below:
Reference will be made below in detail to exemplary embodiments of the invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Wherever possible, the same reference characters used throughout the drawings refer to the same or like parts. While embodiments of the invention are suitable for use in connection with top-supported boilers, embodiments of the invention may be utilized to provide redundant or auxiliary support for middle- or girdle-supported, or bottom supported boilers. Moreover, embodiments of the invention may also be utilized to provide bolstering support for other apparatuses, components and devices, in addition to boilers and, indeed, in any application where loads may vary.
As used herein, “operatively coupled” refers to a connection, which may be direct or indirect. The connection is not necessarily a mechanical attachment. As used herein, “top-supported” refers to a component(s), assembly or apparatus that is supported from the top (e.g., suspended from a support located above). As used herein, “middle- or girdle-supported” refers to such component(s), assembly or apparatus that is supported at some mid point of such component(s), assembly or apparatus. As used herein, “bottom-supported” refers to such component(s), assembly or apparatus that is supported from below.
Embodiments of the invention relate to a system and method for supporting a boiler load from below. Referring to
As shown in
With reference to
As best illustrated in
Referring to
As also shown in
Turning now to
Referring back to
Turning now to
In connection with the above, during boiler operation, temperatures within the boiler may increase significantly, leading to downward thermal expansion of the boiler and components thereof in the direction of arrow A. This thermal expansion has heretofore ruled out the possibility of providing bolstering support to top-supported boilers from below, as free downward thermal expansion must be permitted. The support system 10 of the invention, however, does permit downward thermal expansion while at the time maintains bolstering load support from below. In particular, as thermal expansion causes the boiler (or various components thereof) to expand downwardly in the direction of arrow A, the first and second support assemblies 14, 16 compress and move from the respective positions shown in the solid lines, to the positions represented by the dashed lines. As illustrated in
In an embodiment, the support assembly 10 may also include a plurality of horizontal ties between each support assembly 14, 16 and the main boiler support structure (not shown). These ties are configured to ensure that the buckling length of each strut is equal to the length of the strut, rather than the full distance from the ground surface 18 to the buckstay 60. The ties are configured to provide horizontal, out of plane stability for each of the support assemblies 14, 16. As used herein, “out of plane” means at an angle to a plane extending through the first and second support legs 20, 22 of each support assembly 14, 16 (e.g., perpendicular to the spring axis). As illustrated in
Referring finally to
The support system 10, 100 of the present invention therefore provides bottom bolstering support for a top-supported boiler, which maintains allowance for downward thermal expansion of the boiler and/or components thereof. This may be particularly desirable where a significant amount of bottom ash storage capacity is desired in top-supported boilers. The support system 10 of the invention may therefore serve to reduce the cost of buckstay systems, pressure part support straps, pressure part hangers, and building steel (which heretofore had to be redesigned to accommodate additional load due to bottom ash storage). In connection with this, a reduction in pressure part hanging straps provides more flexibility for installing observation ports, burners, over-fire wind boxes, sootblowers and the like.
In an embodiment, a support system for a boiler is provided. The system includes a plurality of support assemblies arranged intermediate a ground surface and the boiler. Each of the support assemblies include a first support leg having a lower end operatively connected to the ground surface and an upper end operatively connected to the boiler, a second support leg having a lower end operatively connected to the ground surface and an upper end operatively connected to the boiler, and at least one spring operatively connected to the first support leg and the second support leg and extending generally horizontally between the first support leg and the second support leg. In an embodiment, the first and second support legs each include a lower strut having the lower end and an upper strut having the upper end. The upper and lower struts of each support leg are pivotally connected to one another. In an embodiment, each support assembly further includes a first mounting block connecting the lower strut of the first leg to the upper strut of the first leg, and a second mounting block connecting the lower strut of the second leg to the upper strut of the second leg. The spring extends between the first mounting block and the second mounting block. In an embodiment, the spring is a pair of springs. In an embodiment, the springs are laterally offset from a plane extending through the first and second support legs. In an embodiment, the spring is a variable spring. In an embodiment, at least one of the plurality of support assemblies is nested with at least another of the plurality of support assemblies. In an embodiment, the upper ends of the first and second support legs are connected to a buckstay of the boiler. In an embodiment, the boiler is a top-supported boiler having a plurality of pressure parts suspended from a structural member located above the pressure parts. In an embodiment, the support system may include at least one tie operatively connected to the spring and to a support, the at least one tie providing horizontal, out-of-plane stability for the support assemblies.
In another embodiment, a support assembly for a boiler is provided. The support assembly includes a first support member extending generally vertically between a ground surface and the boiler, a second support member extending generally vertically between the ground surface and the boiler and spaced from the first support member, and at least one spring extending intermediate the first support member and the second support member. In an embodiment, the boiler is a top-supported boiler. In an embodiment, the first and second support members each include a lower strut having a lower end connected to the ground surface and an upper strut having an upper end connected to the boiler, wherein the upper and lower struts of each support member are pivotally connected to one another. In an embodiment, the support assembly may also include a first mounting block connecting the lower strut of the first member to the upper strut of the first member, and a second mounting block connecting the lower strut of the second member to the upper strut of the second member, wherein spring extends between the first mounting block and the second mounting block. In an embodiment, the spring is a pair of springs, and the springs may be variable springs. In an embodiment, the upper ends of the upper struts are connected to a buckstay of the boiler.
In yet another embodiment of the invention, a method for supporting a boiler load is provided. The method includes the steps of arranging a first support leg between a ground surface and the boiler, arranging a second support leg between the ground surface and the boiler, and interconnecting the first and second support leg with a variable spring. In an embodiment, the first and second support legs each include a lower strut having a lower end connected to the ground surface and an upper strut having an upper end connected to the boiler, wherein the upper and lower struts of each support leg are pivotally connected to one another. In an embodiment, the method may further include the step of placing the variable spring in compression. In an embodiment, the variable spring is a pair of variable springs. In an embodiment, the boiler is a top-supported boiler, and the boiler load results from at least one of bottom ash accumulation in the boiler and downward thermal expansion of the boiler.
It is to be understood that the above description is intended to be illustrative, and not restrictive. For example, the above-described embodiments (and/or aspects thereof) may be used in combination with each other. In addition, many modifications may be made to adapt a particular situation or material to the teachings of the invention without departing from its scope. While the dimensions and types of materials described herein are intended to define the parameters of the invention, they are by no means limiting and are exemplary embodiments. Many other embodiments will be apparent to those of skill in the art upon reviewing the above description. The scope of the invention should, therefore, be determined with reference to the appended claims, along with the full scope of equivalents to which such claims are entitled. In the appended claims, the terms “including” and “in which” are used as the plain-English equivalents of the respective terms “comprising” and “wherein.” Moreover, in the following claims, terms such as “first,” “second,” “third,” “upper,” “lower,” “bottom,” “top,” etc. are used merely as labels, and are not intended to impose numerical or positional requirements on their objects. Further, the limitations of the following claims are not written in means-plus-function format and are not intended to be interpreted based on 35 U.S.C. § 122, sixth paragraph, unless and until such claim limitations expressly use the phrase “means for” followed by a statement of function void of further structure.
This written description uses examples to disclose several embodiments of the invention, including the best mode, and also to enable one of ordinary skill in the art to practice the embodiments of invention, including making and using any devices or systems and performing any incorporated methods. The patentable scope of the invention is defined by the claims, and may include other examples that occur to one of ordinary skill in the art. Such other examples are intended to be within the scope of the claims if they have structural elements that do not differ from the literal language of the claims, or if they include equivalent structural elements with insubstantial differences from the literal languages of the claims.
As used herein, an element or step recited in the singular and proceeded with the word “a” or “an” should be understood as not excluding plural of said elements or steps, unless such exclusion is explicitly stated. Furthermore, references to “one embodiment” of the present invention are not intended to be interpreted as excluding the existence of additional embodiments that also incorporate the recited features. Moreover, unless explicitly stated to the contrary, embodiments “comprising,” “including,” or “having” an element or a plurality of elements having a particular property may include additional such elements not having that property.
Since certain changes may be made in the above-described system and method without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention herein involved, it is intended that all of the subject matter of the above description or shown in the accompanying drawings shall be interpreted merely as examples illustrating the inventive concept herein and shall not be construed as limiting the invention.
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Entry |
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Number | Date | Country | |
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20170268767 A1 | Sep 2017 | US |