This application is a national stage of PCT International Application No. PCT/SG2010/000463, filed on Dec. 13, 2010, and published in English on Jun. 30, 2011, as WO 2011/078792 A1, which claims priority from Singapore patent application No. SG 200908619-0, filed on Dec. 23, 2009, the entire disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference.
The invention relates to spreaders and head frames, or head blocks, used for the transportation of shipping containers. In particular, the invention relates to systems and methods for coupling a head frame and spreader prior to engaging a container.
Head blocks or head frames are mechanical devices having sheaves on an upper side and engagement devices, such as twist locks or connecting pins, on a lower side. The engagement devices are intended to come into contact with a spreader so as to couple the head frame and spreader. This is typically used for swapping spreaders for maintenance purposes. Other purposes include switching between a twin spreader arrangement to a single spreader arrangement such as for a system disclosed in WO2006/083230, WO2008/136766 and WO2008/136767, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. The pin or twist lock connections allow a spreader to be attached to the head frame or removed from it for maintenance or other purposes.
Unlike the twist lock arrangements used for a spreader to engage a container, the twist lock and pin connection of a head frame are normally engaged manually. This manual engagement, as compared to a powered arrangement, is a reflection of the frequency with which a spreader is removed from a head frame. Whilst a spreader will engage many containers in a single day, maintenance may occur only once every several months. Consequently, there is no pressing need to include a powered system in order to engage and disengage the twist locks or other engagement devices coupling a head frame to a spreader.
In any event, even if the engagement device was automated at some point, it would be necessary for a manual operation as the electrical connection between the head frame and the spreader also needs to be disconnected and reconnected on engagement which again must be manually perform.
In general terms, the present invention provides for an automated system and method for the coupling and connection of a head frame to a spreader.
In a first aspect, the invention provides a system for mounting a head frame to a spreader comprising: a sheave assembly connecting the head frame to a crane so as to permit the lowering of said head frame; mutually cooperating engagement devices for coupling the head frame and the spreader; an actuator arranged to connect mutually engageable transmission connectors on the head frame and spreader; and; a registration device for registering the coupling of the head frame and the spreader; wherein the registration device is arranged to prevent engagement of the transmission connector until said head frame and spreader are coupled.
In a second aspect, the invention provides a method for mounting a head frame to a spreader comprising the steps of: lowering the head frame into contact with the spreader; operating engagement devices and so coupling the head frame to the spreader; activating an actuator to connect mutually engageable power supply connectors on the head frame and spreader so as to provide a power communication between said head frame and spreader.
In a third aspect, accordingly, the invention provides for registering the coupling of the head frame and spreader so as to permit the connection of a power supply data transmission or telecommunication.
In a fourth aspect, the invention provides a spreader assembly comprising a head frame comprising a main frame and a sub frame; a spreader mounted to said sub frame; said main frame and sub frame having mutually engageable connecting members in sliding engagement; wherein said mutually engageable connecting members provide relative longitudinal movement between said head frame and spreader.
Whilst maintenance may be infrequent, the growing use of twin spreaders for a single head frame is a significant segment of the industry and therefore the need to switch between single spreaders and twin spreaders is a pressing need. Providing an automated or semi-automated process to this increasingly more common procedure has economic advantage through reduced downtime on the capital equipment.
The connectors may provide electrical, hydraulic, data or telecommunication transmission. In operation, they may include a plug, actuated by a cylinder to project linearly to engage a socket. The plug and bell mouth socket may be properly engaged and guided before the 2 halves of the multi-pin connectors in the two parts start to engage. There may be sufficient clearance for the socket to move laterally (up-and-down and left-and-right) and aligned with the plug when engaged. The close tolerance between the inner diameter of the socket sleeve and plug may ensure good angular tolerance and the key and keyway on the plug and socket respectively ensure the rotational alignment of the connectors.
Other design features may include:
It will be convenient to further describe the present invention with respect to the accompanying drawings that illustrate possible arrangements of the invention. Other arrangements of the invention are possible and consequently the particularity of the accompanying drawings is not to be understood as superceding the generality of the preceding description of the invention.
Considering the single spreader arrangement shown in
The spreader 10 may be resting on the ground or on a frame ready for coupling with the head frame 5. Characteristic of the head frame 5 are engagement devices 15, in this case twist locks 15, which are engageable with apertures 20 in the spreader 10. The spreader 10 further has engagement devices 45 for subsequent engagement of a shipping container.
The present invention further provides for mutually engageable connectors 25, 30 mounted on the head frame 5 and spreader 10. One such mutually engageable electrical connector may include 3-phase 415V power supply, signal and communication plug and socket. Alternatively, the connectors may be inter-engageable hydraulic connection for a hydraulic power pack.
In this case
The key 250 of the male plug 230 is arranged to fit within a recess 275 within the spigot 265 and so prevent rotational misalignment of the plug so as to ensure the individual plugs 235 correspond to the receiving recesses 261. To this end the key recess 275 is flared outwards to receive the key 250 and gradually align the key into the recess 275.
Returning to the application of the transmission connector to the head frame/spreader,
The head frame connector 25 comprises an actuator 50 arranged to linearly project and retract a plug 60 mounted within a housing 55. The actuator 50 is further arranged to retract and extend the plug 60 along an axis 56 representing the centerline of the plug 60. Corresponding to the head frame connector 25 is a spreader connector 30 having a socket 65 with a centerline 64 which is intended to align with the centerline 56 of the head frame connector 25. The spreader connector 30 further includes a bell mouth spigot or sleeve 70 which increases the diameter of the socket to receive the plug 60 so that misalignment of the male and female connectors is accommodated.
Thus, whilst the invention involves the transmission connection of a spreader to a head frame, in the case of
The head frame 300 coupling arrangement has the advantage of precisely positioning the relative positions of the head frame and spreader whilst still providing relative movement between the head frame and spreader should it be required.
By way of example of the sliding engagement, FIGS. 22A/B and 23A/B show sequential views of the twin spreader assemblies 301, 302 of
To achieve the relative offset between the adjacent spreaders 305, 335 and actuator 340 is position having one end 350 connected to the sub frame 313 of the master spreader assembly 301. The other end of 345 of the actuator 340 is connected to the master head block main frame 303. The actuator 340 is arranged to move the head block sub frame 313 and consequently the attached spreader 305 relative to head block main frame 303 using the sliding coupling 310, 315 between the two elements. The relative position of the head block and spreader is shown in
Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind | 371c Date |
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PCT/SG2010/000463 | 12/13/2010 | WO | 00 | 6/25/2012 |
Publishing Document | Publishing Date | Country | Kind |
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WO2011/078792 | 6/30/2011 | WO | A |
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PCT/IPEA/416 Notification of Transmittal of International Preliminary Report on Patentability, with PCT/IPEA/409 International Preliminary Report on Patentability, for corresponding PCT International Application No. PCT/SG2010/000463, completed on May 1, 2012 and mailed on May 3, 2012. |
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Number | Date | Country | |
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20120267452 A1 | Oct 2012 | US |