FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates generally to a system and method of fighting fires, and more specifically, a system and method of delivering foam to a firefighting bucket.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Helicopter or aircraft-carried firefighting buckets, often called dump-buckets, that are carried to fight fires are presently used. Such a method of fighting fires is often used to fight forest fires where the use of a large amount of water is necessary and the target location is remote or difficult to access by land-based vehicles.
Firefighting buckets are generally filled by being dipped into a body of water while it is suspended beneath a hovering helicopter. Some buckets need to be fully submerged under water while other buckets may be filled from relatively shallow water sources with the use of a pump to draw water into the bucket.
Several different types of firefighting foam are made that, when added to water, increase the effectiveness of water in reducing and extinguishing fires. One such foam mixture reduces the amount of water that evaporates due to high temperatures surrounding a fire. Accordingly, a greater amount of the water dropped actually reaches the intended area.
Presently, there are limited ways to incorporate firefighting foam into aircraft-carried bucket firefighting systems. Accordingly, there remains a need for a system and method of using a firefighting bucket that addresses the shortcomings and limitations of existing firefighting systems.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
According to one aspect of the present invention, a foam delivery system to deliver firefighting foam solution to a firefighting bucket is disclosed. The foam delivery system includes a bucket suspended by at least one cable from a helicopter; a first container located in a cabin of the helicopter, the first container containing firefighting foam solution; a hose having a first segment and a second segment, a first end of the hose coupled to the first container and a second end of the hose located proximate to the bucket, wherein the first segment and the second segment are coupled using an automatic release coupling system, the automatic release coupling system including a female coupling at an end of the first segment, the female coupling including a release sleeve, an elastic cord having a first end affixed proximate to the female coupling and a second end fixed at a first position on the first segment, the first position being a predetermined distance from the female coupling, the automatic release coupling system further including a cable of fixed length having a first end connected to the release sleeve and a second end fixed at a second position on the first segment, the second position being a predetermined distance from the female coupling, wherein the elastic cord maintains at least a portion of the first segment between the first position and the female coupling in a curved position; and a male coupling releasably coupled to the female coupling.
According to another aspect of the present invention, a foam delivery system to deliver firefighting foam solution to a firefighting bucket is disclosed. The foam delivery system includes a firefighting bucket suspended by at least one cable from a helicopter; a support tray removably secured in a cabin of the helicopter; a first container located in the support tray, the first container containing firefighting foam solution, the container further including a gauge, a dispensing valve, and a vent valve; a first segment of hose having a container end and a coupling end, the container end of the first segment of hose removably coupled to the dispensing valve, the coupling end including an automatic release coupling system, the automatic release coupling system including a first coupling located at the coupling end of the first segment, the first coupling including a release mechanism, a tube fixed on the first segment a predetermined distance from the first coupling, an elastic cord having a first end affixed to the tube and a second end affixed proximate to the first coupling, a cable of fixed length having a first end affixed to the tube and a second end coupled to the release mechanism, wherein the elastic cord maintains at least a portion of the first segment between the tube and the first coupling in a curved position; a second segment of hose having a coupling end and a dispensing end, the coupling end including a second coupling releasably coupled to the first coupling of the automatic release coupling system, and the dispensing end positioned proximate to the firefighting bucket; and wherein at least part of the first segment and at least part of the second segment are located proximate to and approximately parallel to the at least one cable.
It is understood that other aspects of the present invention will become readily apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description, wherein example embodiments of the invention are shown and described by way of illustration. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the invention. Accordingly, the drawings and description are to be regarded as illustrative in nature and not restrictive.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
These and other features, aspects, and advantages of the present invention will become better understood with regard to the following description and accompanying drawings where:
FIG. 1 is a side view illustration of a helicopter carrying a firefighting bucket, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a partial enlarged view of the bucket shown in FIG. 1, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a partial enlarged view of the interior of the bucket shown in FIG. 2, in a non-suspended position, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the coupling of the hose to a cable, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5A is an enlarged view of the automatic release coupling system shown in FIG. 1, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5B is a further enlarged view of the automatic release coupling system shown in FIG. 1, showing the male coupling and the female coupling disconnected, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a container segment of the hose that is configured for connection to a foam storage container, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7A is a partial perspective interior view of the helicopter shown in FIG. 1 showing a part of a foam storage container in the foam holding area, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7B is a partial front perspective view of the foam storage container shown in FIG. 7A, removed from the helicopter and the container support tray, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7C is a side perspective view of the foam storage container shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a partial enlarged view of the foam storage container support tray shown in FIG. 7A, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a top view of a support tray stand used in conjunction with the foam storage container support tray shown in FIG. 7C, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a partial perspective interior view of an embodiment of the foam delivery system having dual foam storage containers in a foam holding area, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 11 is a perspective view of the dual foam storage container support trays shown in FIG. 10, with the foam storage containers removed, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 12 is a perspective view of a container segment of the hose configured for connection to the dual foam storage containers shown in FIG. 8, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 13 is an enlarged perspective view of the dual connection end of the container segment shown in FIG. 12, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 14 is a top view of a support tray including a foam storage container stand, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 15 is an enlarged partial perspective view of the support bracket shown in FIG. 14, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
The detailed description set forth below in connection with the appended drawings is intended as a description of example embodiments of the present invention and it is not intended to represent the only embodiments in which the present invention can be practiced. The embodiments described throughout this description are intended to serve as an example or illustration of the present invention and should not necessarily be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments. Any number of the described embodiments may be incorporated in any desired combination. The detailed description includes specific details for the purpose of providing a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without these specific details.
In the following description, reference is made to the accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof, specific embodiments of the invention being shown by way of illustration. It is to be understood that other embodiments may be used as structural and other changes may be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Generally, one embodiment of the present invention provides generally for a foam delivery system used in fighting fires. A helicopter carries a firefighting bucket below the helicopter by one or more sling cables. A firefighting foam solution is carried aboard the helicopter in one or more foam storage containers. The foam delivery system facilitates the delivery of the foam solution to the bucket and facilitates the mixture of the delivered foam solution with the water, the resultant mixture being effective in fighting fires, and in one embodiment, more effective than the use of water alone. The foam solution is delivered from the cabin to the firefighting bucket through a hose. The hose includes a container segment and a bucket segment, the two segments detachably coupled together by an automatic release coupling system.
The foam delivery system provides, for example, at least the following advantages: it is easy to handle, assemble, and manipulate; no special training is required for the flight operation of the system; electrical or additional power sources are not required; only simple preflight and post-flight inspections may be used; the system meets flight safety operation requirements; emergency, automatic disconnection of the hose is provided; reduction of helicopter fuselage corrosion is provided; the cost of making and installing the system in relatively low; and the system provides for quick installation and removal of the container(s) and associated equipment.
Referring now to the figures, FIG. 1 is a side view illustration of a helicopter carrying a bucket, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. The foam delivery system 100 includes a firefighting bucket 102 suspended by cables 104, or sling cables, from a cargo hook 106 of a helicopter 108. Generally, the bucket is suspended by three cables. However, any suitable number of cables may be used. The bucket may be hung from the helicopter, or aircraft, in any suitable way. A foam solution (not shown) is held in the cabin 110 of the helicopter 108. A hose 112 is used to deliver the foam solution from the cabin 110 to the bucket 102. The hose 112 runs down along one of the cables 104 and is coupled to the one of the cables 104. At least part of the hose 112 may be coupled to one of the cables 104 in an approximately parallel manner. The hose 112 may also be spiralled around one of the cables 104. The hose 112 includes a container segment 114 and a bucket segment 116, the two segments detachably coupled together by an automatic release coupling system. The area of the automatic release coupling system is referred to generally by reference number 118, details of which are described with reference to FIGS. 5A and 5B.
In one embodiment, the hose 112 is run down the rear, or aft cable. The drawing in FIG. 1 shows the hose being run along and attached to the rear cable. In one embodiment, the cable having the hose 112 will experience greater drag than the other cables. Therefore, the orientation with the hose 112 in the aft position will be maintained during flight of the helicopter.
The bucket may be any bucket or apparatus that is used to carry liquid substances, such as water or other firefighting substances, for fighting fires. Such buckets are known in the field. Example suitable buckets of a variety of sizes and holding capacities are available from Sim's Company Limited. However, suitable buckets for use in fighting fires are available from other manufactures. The bucket is shown in FIG. 1 is suspended by cables from the helicopter 108. However, any other suitable type and model of aircraft may be used, and any other type of suspension method may also be used. The helicopter shown is illustrative of a Eurocopter EC155. However, the helicopter shown is included for illustration purposes only and any other helicopter or aircraft may be used, depending on the needs of the situation. Different aircraft may be used depending on the amount of liquid to be carried on the particular firefighting mission. For example, a Eurocopter AS332L2, “Super Puma”, is also suitable for use with embodiments of the present invention. Some of the illustrated embodiments have been configured specifically for use with either the EC155 or the Super Puma. However, these configurations are provided for the purposes of illustration and embodiments of the present invention may be configured to operate with any helicopter or aircraft that is suitable for aerial fire fighting.
The hose 112, in one embodiment, is a “spring hose,” having a coiled spring extending throughout the length of the hose. One example hose has an inner diameter of 19 millimetres and an outer diameter of 26 millimetres. However, a hose of any suitable size and strength may be used. One suitable hose is available from Hakko Corporation marketed under the name Eightron.
FIG. 2 is a partial enlarged view of the bucket shown in FIG. 1, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. The bucket 102 is suspended by the cables 104. The hose 112 is connected to one of the cables 104 by a plurality of connectors 220. The connectors 220 may be any suitable connector. One example connector is shown and described in detail with reference to FIG. 4.
FIG. 3 is a partial enlarged view of the interior of the bucket shown in FIG. 2, in a non-suspended position, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. The hose 112 is shown connected to the cable 104 by a plurality of connectors 220. In one embodiment, the first three connectors 220 closest to the bucket 102 are separated by four inches. However, any suitable number of connectors 220 separated by any suitable distances may be used. A securing plate 322 may be affixed to the bucket 102. A dispensing end of the bucket segment 116 of the hose 112 may be coupled to the securing plate 322 by “P clips”, although any other suitable coupling clip or connector or tie may be used. Foam solution will be delivered into the bucket out of the dispensing opening 324 of the bucket segment 116 of the hose 112.
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the coupling of a hose to a cable, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. The hose 112 is shown connected to the cable 104 with a connector 220. Anchor tape 426 may be attached to both the hose 112 and the cable 104. The illustrated anchor tape 426 has a two inch width. However, any suitable size and type of anchor tape may be used to assist in securing the connectors to the hose 112 and the cable 104. One function of the anchor tape is to prevent or reduce any slipping of connectors on the hose. A saddle block 423 is connected to the hose 112 by a first cable tie 420. The cable 104 is connected to the saddle block 423 by a second cable tie 421. Any suitable cable ties of any suitable size may be used. One example cable tie is available under the name “Ty-Rap”, which is a automatic locking plastic tie. However, any other suitable connectors or straps made from any suitable material may be used to position the hose 112 in location generally adjacent to the cable 104. Reference to “the connector” or “the connectors” may collectively refer to the saddle block 423, the first cable tie 420, and the second cable tie 421. In one embodiment, connectors 220 are located along substantially the entire length of the hose 112 where it comes into proximate location with the cable 104. In one embodiment, connectors are separated by approximately eight inches or twelve inches. However, any suitable number of connectors 220 separated by any suitable distances may be used.
In accordance with one embodiment, the process of installing the hose to the bucket and cable is as follows. A securing plate 322 is fabricated to the suitable shape and size and installed to the bucket 102. In one embodiment, the securing plate 322 is constructed from steel, but it may also be constructed of materials other than metal, such as polymer materials. In one embodiment, the metal plate 322 is incorporated with the one of the support struts using the mounting bolts and nuts of the bucket, however it maybe be attached in any suitable manner. A sealant may be added to the bolts and nuts after installation to protect them from damage such as corrosion. The dispensing end of the bucket segment 116 of the hose 112 is coupled to the metal plate 322 using connectors such as, for example, two “p-clips” with protective hosing, however any suitable connectors may be used. The hose 112 is routed and coupled to the cable 104 along substantially the entire length of the cable 104. In one embodiment, the hose 112 is routed along approximately 35 feet of the cable 104, except for the last twenty inches at the end configured for attachment to the cargo hook 106 of the helicopter 108. The lengths of various parts are varied according to the length of the cables 104 used, the type of aircraft used, the location of the cargo hook on the aircraft, and the position of the foam solution storage area aboard the aircraft. However, the length of the cable, the length of the various segments of hose and other elements, as well as the positioning of the cable, hose segments, container(s), and other elements, may be varied according to the needs of the specific application without diverging from the teachings of the present invention. The hose 112 may be coupled to the cable 104 using connectors 220, such as, for example, a combination of cable ties and saddle blocks. Anchor tape may be attached to the cable 104 and the hose 112 at points of coupling in order to protect both the cable 104 and the hose 112. One end of a “high line” may be attached proximate to a coupling end of the container segment 114 of the hose 112. A second end of the high line is fitted with a swivel hook, which may be hooked to the helicopter 108 at a location that may be reached by the helicopter crew. In one embodiment, the high line is included a safety design feature for use in case container segment 114 is disconnected from the bucket segment 116 of the hose. To prevent the container segment 114 of hose from dangling and being blown, possibly causing damage to the belly of the helicopter, the high line may be used to manually pull the container segment 114 of the hose into the cabin of the helicopter. During the installation process, colored tape may be used to mark the bucket cables 104 to ensure proper installation. For example, in one embodiment, the hose 112 is coupled to the middle cable and the right cable is marked with green tape and the left cable is marked with red tape. Such marking can help ensure proper orientation of the bucket 102 when assembled and connected to the helicopter.
FIG. 5A is an enlarged view of the automatic release coupling system, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. In accordance with one embodiment, the coupling end of the container segment 114 of the hose 112 and the coupling end of the bucket segment 116 of the hose 112 are shown. A female coupling 502 is provided at the coupling end of the container segment 114. The female coupling 502 may be coupled to a brass coupling 503 that is attached to the container segment 114 of the hose 112, the brass coupling 503 maintained in attached position with a first hose clamp 504. In another embodiment, the female coupling 502 may be directly attached to the container segment 114 of the hose 112. A second hose clamp 505 is attached to the female coupling release sleeve. A male coupling 506, configured for detachable coupling with the female coupling 502, is attached to the coupling end of the bucket segment 116 of the hose 112. The male coupling 506 is maintained in an attached position to the bucket segment 116 with a third hose clamp 508. Only a portion of the male coupling 506 is visible in the illustrated diagram as part of the coupling is contained within the female coupling 502 and part is contained within the bucket segment 116 of the hose 112. A first end of a release cable 510 is connected to the release sleeve of the female coupling 502, the release sleeve being generally indicated by reference number 513. A second end of the release cable 510 is connected to a first fixed hose clamp 511 of a fixed tube 512. In one embodiment, the fixed tube 512 is a Teflon or plastic tube of three inches length with sufficient diameter to substantially enclose the hose 112. The fixed tube 512 is substantially longitudinally fixed onto the hose 112 such that the fixed tube 512 will not slide in a longitudinal direction. The fixed tube 512 is maintained in place with the first fixed hose clamp 511 and a second fixed hose clamp 515. In another embodiment, any suitable fixed component, such as one or more bands, straps, hose clamps, tapes, ties, and the like, may be used. A first end of an elastic cord 514 is connected to the first hose clamp 504 and a second end of the elastic cord is connected to the second fixed hose clamp 515. In one embodiment, the elastic cord 514 is “bungee” cord. However, any suitable cord or connector may be used. In the illustrated embodiment, the elastic cord 514 is covered by a “heat shrink” tube to protect the elastic cord 514 from damage, however such protective tubing may or may not be used. In one embodiment, the fixed tube 512 is included to protect the hose 112 and help maintain the first and second fixed hose clamps 511, 513 in a relatively fixed location on the container segment 114 of the hose. In another embodiment, the fixed tube may not be necessary and one or more fixed connectors are used.
In one embodiment, the automatic release system 118 operates in urgent or emergency situations when the bucket 102 must be detached from the helicopter 108. For example, the bucket 102 may be trapped by a foreign object that may endanger the safe flight of the helicopter 108, or the helicopter may experience a power failure, necessitating detachment of the bucket 102 from the cargo hook 106 of the helicopter 108. In such situation, the weight of the released bucket will cause automatic release of the male coupling 506 from the female coupling 502, disconnecting the bucket segment 116 from the container segment 114.
The elastic cord 514 maintains a curve or arc in a portion of hose between the fixed tube 512 and the brass coupling 503, referred to as a curved or coupled position, or first position. In one embodiment, the release cable 510 is of a predetermined length and configured such that there is little or no slack in the cable 510, or that the release cable 510 is generally taut when the portion of hose between the fixed tube 512 and the brass coupling 503 is in the curved position. The cable may be relatively non-elastic such that it does not stretch significantly longer than the desired predetermined length. The release cable need not be a single piece of material and may actually be comprised of a number of cables. For example, the release cable 510 shown in the illustrated embodiments includes two lanyard cables coupled securely to each other. When sufficient tension is placed on the bucket segment 116 of the hose 112, the elastic cord 514 will stretch allowing the curved portion of the hose 112 to straighten, referred to as the straight or release position, or second position. When the curved portion of the hose 112 is straightened, the release cable 510, since fixed at one end to the fixed tube 512, will apply a pulling force on the release sleeve 513, thereby opening the female coupling 502. Prior to actuation of the release sleeve, the female coupling 502 locks or secures the male coupling 506 in coupled engagement. Upon actuation of the release sleeve, the male coupling 506 is released from the female coupling 502 and the bucket segment 116 is detached from the container segment 114. In one embodiment, the weight of the released bucket 102 and one or more cables 104, being attached to the bucket segment 116 of the hose 112, assist in separating the bucket segment 116 from the container segment 114 upon release of the male coupling 506 from the female coupling.
During one emergency situation, the pilot will release the cargo hook, thereby causing the bucket 102 to be released and jettisoned away from the helicopter. The force of the gravity pulling down on the bucket will also pull the bucket segment 116 of the hose downward, straightening the curved portion of the hose. Due to this straightening, the pulling force of the release cable will actuate the release sleeve on the female coupling, thereby releasing the male coupling. Therefore, the bucket and the bucket segment 116 of the hose will be completely detached and free to drop away from the helicopter.
In one embodiment, the elastic cord 514 has approximately a 10 millimetre diameter and is approximately 8.5 inches (approximately 21.6 centimetres) long and the fixed tube 512 is fixed at a position approximately 10 inches from the coupling end of the container segment 114 of the hose 112. However, any suitable size, length and type of cord may be used. In one embodiment, the elastic cord 514 has sufficient tension such that approximately 10 pounds of force, as measured by a pull-load gauge, is required to translate the hose to the release position thereby actuating the release sleeve. However, other tensions may be used that will also ensure that release by the female coupling 502 occurs when necessary and not when ordinary tension, such as tension created in the hose 112 during normal use and assembly of the foam delivery system, is applied. For example, in another embodiment, approximately 5 pounds of force may be required to cause actuation of the release coupling. Other embodiments may be used without departing from the scope of the invention. For example, other size, shape, length, location and other configuration of the elastic cord 514 and release cable 510 may be used. In one embodiment, variation of the length and resilience of the elastic cord, or the amount of curve in the curved portion of the hose, can be varied to adjust the amount of force required for actuating the release coupling. Also, while certain coupling configurations have been described, other releasable couplings may be used having other types of release mechanisms. For example, while the illustrated coupling has a release sleeve, other couplings may be released by the actuation of a latch, switch, rotation, or other release mechanism.
FIG. 5B is a further enlarged view of the automatic release coupling system shown in FIG. 1, showing the male coupling and the female coupling disconnected, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. The coupling system shown in the illustrated embodiments is a sleeve style, or ball lock type, coupling. The female coupling 502 has a cylindrical release sleeve 513 that slides in a longitudinal direction along part of the female coupling. The release sleeve may be spring loaded to keep the sleeve in a locked position, toward the coupling end, or the end that receives the male coupling 506. When the release sleeve 513 is actuated, the release sleeve 513 is slid longitudinally away from the coupling end, thereby releasing the male coupling 506. Accordingly, when the release cable 510 is pulled, the release sleeve is actuated and the male coupling 506 is released from the female coupling 502. In the illustrated embodiment, the release cable 510 is coupled to the release sleeve 513 by a band 518 secured to the release sleeve 513 by the second hose clamp 505. Other suitable methods of coupling the release cable 510 to the release sleeve 513 may be used. Additionally, other suitable coupling devices and release mechanisms may be used to accomplish the desired result without departing for the scope of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a container segment of the hose that is configured for connection to a container, in accordance with an embodiment of the invention. The container segment 114 of the hose 112 illustrated is approximately 95 inches long, not including the end couplings. The illustrated container segment 114 of the hose 112 is configured for used in a EC155 helicopter with the container positioned as illustrated similar to the position shown in FIG. 7A. While the illustration shows the container positioned on the right hand side, the container may be located in any suitable side or position, such as on either the right or left hand side of the helicopter. The length of the container segment 114 may be varied as necessary for the specific aircraft, location of the container, and configuration being used. The container end of the container segment 114 may include a male coupling 602 held in place with one or more hose clamps. The male coupling 602 is configured for removable coupling with a foam storage container that is stored aboard the helicopter 108. A plurality of anchor tape pieces 604 may be applied to the container segment 114 for protection and support to the hose when removably attaching the container segment 114 to the helicopter for use. One or more snap hooks 606 or other connectors may also be used. A plastic hose 608 added to the container segment 114 and held in place with cable ties. Plastic hose and anchor tape may be added to provide additional protection to the hose 112 in areas where the hose 112 is likely to have greater contact with other parts of the system or parts of the helicopter 108. The position and sizes of the various applications of anchor tape, plastic protective hose, snap hooks, cable ties, and other various components that may be necessary in assembling the foam delivery system. In one embodiment, the automatic release coupling system 118 is configured at the coupling end of the container segment 114.
FIG. 7A is a partial perspective interior view of the helicopter shown in FIG. 1 showing a part of a foam holding area, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. The foam storage container (“container”) 702 is held in a foam storage container support tray (“support tray”) 704 within the cabin of the helicopter 108. One example support tray is available from Star Industrial Co. Ltd. (Hong Kong), although any suitable support tray may be used. The container illustrated is a five-gallon container available from Fire-Trol and is one of the containers that the firefighting foam solution may be sold in. Foam storage containers from other suppliers may also be used. In one embodiment, the container is modified to serve as part of the foam delivery system, these modifications described with reference to FIGS. 7B and 7C. In the illustrated embodiment, the support tray 704 is held in a position where a seat may also be located, the seat being temporarily removed. However, the support tray may occupy any other suitable position in or on the helicopter. The male coupling of the container segment 114 is configured for removable coupling to a female coupling 706 that is coupled to the container 702.
FIG. 7B is a partial front perspective view of the foam storage container shown in FIG. 7A, removed from the helicopter and the container support tray, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. The container 702 includes the female coupling 706 coupled to a first ball valve 708 by a threaded connector 709. The first ball valve 708 and the female coupling 706, and other components that may be used to dispense the foam solution from the container, may be generally referred to as the dispensing coupling. In one embodiment, a threaded connector (not shown) may be attached to the container 702 and the first ball valve 708 may be removably coupled to the threaded connector. In one embodiment, the dispensing coupling may be a single component that includes a valve and a coupling for detachable connection to the hose 112. A lever 710 may be included on the first ball valve 708 to selectively open and close the first ball valve 708 to control the flow of foam through the valve and the hose 112 to be dispensed into the bucket 102. The container 702 maybe be fitted with a gauge 712 in order to assess the remaining level of foam solution in the container 702. In one embodiment, the gauge 712 is a sight gauge formed from an at least partially transparent plastic hose connected to the container 702. The plastic hose is sealably connected at holes made at or near the top 714 and bottom 716 of the container such that the foam solution may flow through the plastic hose and show the level of the foam solution. Other suitable gauges may also be used to monitor the level of foam solution in the container 702 and ascertain the amount that is dispensed from the container 702. In one embodiment, a flow meter may be included to measure and monitor the amount of foam solution dispensed.
FIG. 7C is a side perspective view of the foam storage container shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B, in accordance with an embodiment of the invention. Nylon straps 718 may be secured to the container and provided with a handle 720, which may be covered with a plastic tube for easier carrying, and to make transportation of the container 702 easier when assembling and disassembling the foam delivery system. A container stand 722 is shown below the support tray 704, which may be configured as necessary for securing the support tray 704 and container 702 in the cabin of the helicopter. Vent valves 724 may be provided proximate to the top of the container 702. In one embodiment, the vent valves are ball valves that can be opened to allow for air to enter and exit the container to facilitate the flow of the foam solution from the container 702 and to assist in delivering the foam solution to the bucket 102. In another embodiment, the one or more vent valves 724 may be configured to receive additional foam solution so that the container 702 may be refilled without having to remove the container 702 from the support tray 704 or the helicopter.
FIG. 8 is a partial enlarged view of the foam storage container support tray shown in FIG. 7A, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. In one embodiment, the illustrated configuration is suitable for use in the EC155helicopter. Two forks 802 may be attached to the support tray 704 with any suitable connectors, such as rivets screws, bolts, adhesives and the like. In one embodiment, the forks 802 fit over a bar or support in the cabin of the helicopter, such as a passenger seat frame, and are secured in place with the locking pins 804. The forks 802 and locking pins 804 may be made of any suitable material such as, for example, polymers and metal materials. Cables 806 may also be included to connect the locking pins 804 to the support tray 704.
FIG. 9 is a top view of a support tray stand used in conjunction with the support tray shown in FIG. 7C, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. In one embodiment, the container stand 900 is made from an aluminium sheet. However, the stand 900 may be made from two or more pieces of any suitable material of sufficient strength that are assembled together. The stand 900 may include two side stands 902 formed by downward bends in the aluminium sheet, which may be of a height sufficient to raise the support tray 704 into the necessary position for securing in the cabin of the helicopter. Securing stops 904 are located at the front and back of the stand 900 to reduce sliding movement of the support tray 704 on the stand 900. In one embodiment, the stops 904 are formed by bending two metal tabs upwards at approximately 90 degree angles. The illustrated stand is intended to serve as an example of a stand that may be incorporated into the present invention to facilitate appropriate placement and securing of the container 702 in the cabin of the helicopter.
FIG. 10 is a partial perspective interior view of an embodiment of the foam delivery system having dual foam storage containers in a foam holding are, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. In one embodiment, the illustrated configuration is suitable for use in the Super Puma helicopter. A first container 1002 and a second container 1004 are held in a first support tray 1006 and a second support tray 1008 in the cabin of a helicopter. A dual connector container segment 1010 is coupled to both the first container 1002 and the second container 1004. While two containers are illustrated in FIG. 10, any desired number of containers may be similarly configured deliver foam solution to the bucket 102. A container segment of hose can be configured, in accordance with an embodiment of the invention, to operate with any desired number of foam storage containers. In one embodiment, foam solution from both containers may be delivered simultaneously. Such simultaneous delivery may increase the amount of pressure in the hose 112 and thereby deliver the foam solution at a greater rate of flow. In another embodiment, foam solution may be selectively delivered from only one of the two containers. In embodiments having two or more containers, foam may be delivered from any number of containers simultaneously as required by the surrounding circumstances.
FIG. 11 is a perspective view of the dual foam storage container support trays shown in FIG. 10, with the foam storage containers removed, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. The first support tray 1006 and the second support tray 1008 in FIG. 10 are shown. A cut-out portion in the front of each tray allows for access to and/or protrusion of the dispensing valves of the containers, when located in the support trays. Stabilizing supports 1102 may be included to reduce movement of the containers in the support trays. These supports 1102 may be made from any suitable material, such as foam or plastic, and may be of the size necessary for the particular size container and support tray being used. The first and second support trays 1006, 1008 may be secured together.
FIG. 12 is a perspective view of a container segment of the hose configured for connection to the dual foam storage containers shown in FIG. 8, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. The dual connector container segment 1010 includes the automatic release coupling system 118 and a first male coupling 1202 and a second male coupling 1204. The first male coupling 1202 is configured for removable coupling with the first container 1002 and the second male coupling 1204 is configured for removable coupling with the second container 1004.
Referring now to FIG. 13, an enlarged perspective view of the dual connection end of the container segment shown in FIG. 12, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, is shown. The first male coupling 1202 is connected to a bridging hose section 1300 by an elbow connector 1302. The second male coupling 1204 is connected to the bridging hose section 1300 and the coupling end of the container segment 1010 by a ‘T’ connector 1304. A small first section of connecting tube 1306 may be used to connect the first male coupling 1202 to the elbow connector 1302. A small second section of connecting tube 1308 may be used to connect the second male coupling 1204 to the ‘T’ connector 1304. Additional couplings, tubes, and hose clamps may also be used to secure the above-describe components in position. Other configurations of the dual connector may be used with different combinations and positioning of the various tubes and couplings.
FIG. 14 is a top view of a support tray including a foam storage container stand, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. The container stand 1400 may be located at the floor of the support tray, contained within the walls 1402 of the support tray 704. In the illustrated container stand 1400, elongated side stands 1404 and a support bracket 1406 form part of the container stand 1400. The side stands 1404 are configured to raise and support the container 702 when located within the support tray 704. The side stands 1404 may be configured to locate the container 702 in a suitable dispensing position. In one embodiment, the side stands 1404 are substantially level. In another embodiment, the side stands -1404, or other parts of the container stand 1400, maybe be downward inclined toward the front of the support tray, where the support bracket 1406, the female coupling 706, and valve 708 of the container are located when placed in the support tray 704, to assist in delivering the foam solution to the valve 708 and the hose 112 for dispensing.
FIG. 15 is an enlarged partial perspective view of the support bracket shown in FIG. 14, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. The support bracket 1406 includes a first support plate 1502 and a second support plate 1504. In one embodiment, the first support plate 1502 is formed from aluminium or other sheet metal and the second support plate 1504 is formed from polymer or plastic materials. Each of the first support plate 1502 and the second support plate 1504 are configured for receiving the valve and couplings attached to the container 702, or the dispensing valve. In one embodiment, each of the first support plate 1502 and the second support plate 1504 includes a curved, partial circular section 1506 for receiving the generally cylindrical components of the dispensing valve. However, these support plates may be configured as needed to accommodate the dispensing valve components of the container 702. The first support plate 1502 and the second support plate 1504 may be coupled to the support bracket 1406 using bolts 1508 or other suitable connectors, such as screws, rivets, welds, or other suitable connectors.
While not shown in the above-referenced figures, other wires, hoses, cables, or control lines may be run down one or more of the cables 104 in addition to the hose. Generally, a control mechanism may be provided to open and close an opening in the bucket 102 to facilitate the filling and emptying of water into and out of the bucket 102. While such control may be done using wireless devices, it is possible to include these and other lines in conjunction with embodiments of the present invention.
In one embodiment, the bucket 102 is positioned to facilitate and improve the mixing of the foam solution with the water as the bucket 102 is carried in flight by the helicopter 108. As the bucket 102 travels through the air, generating ramp air pressure, an interaction of the passing air and the surface area of the water in the bucket 102 occurs. This interaction produces an agitation of the water, mixing the foam solution with the water to produce a more effective firefighting solution. In one embodiment, hanging the bucket 102 at a generally horizontal position, when the helicopter is substantially still and hovering, produces agitation of the water during flight. According to another embodiment, the bucket may be positioned such that the angle of attack of the moving air against the surface of the water increases and/or maximizes the agitation of the water. In one embodiment, the length of the cables is adjusted to achieve the desired angle of the bucket 102. If the bucket 102 is suspended substantially level when still, as the bucket 102 travels through the air, drag causes the bucket to travel slightly behind the cargo hook 106 of the helicopter, and as a result, the bucket 102 travels at a inherent angle of orientation. The bucket 102, therefore, may be adjusted such that effective angle, which is the combined angle of the inherent angle and the angle of adjustment, is within a predetermined range. In one embodiment, the length of all cables are of equal or approximately equal length. In another embodiment, one of the cables, such as the rear or middle cable, may be shortened or lengthened relative to the two side cables to achieve the desired effective angle. In another embodiment, the relative air speed of the helicopter may be increased or decreased in order to adjust the degree of the inherent angle created during flight. The effective angle may be measured as the angle formed between the direction of flight and the plane created by the surface of the bucket 102. Therefore, the effective angle may be measured relative to the direction of flight. According to one embodiment, it is not necessary to provide any mixing pumps or motors or other devices to mix the water once foam is delivered to the bucket 102. Accordingly, a low-cost system of agitating the foam and water solution is provided.
The automatic release coupling system 118 provides the advantage that the bucket segment 116 of the hose 112 will automatically detach when the bucket 102 is released from the helicopter 108. Should the bucket 102 become caught or force is applied to the bucket 102 in anyway where the safety of the helicopter 108 or the crew aboard the helicopter is at risk, the bucket 102 is released or detached from the helicopter, the automatic release coupling system 118 is activated, and the bucket segment 116 of the hose 112 is detached from the container segment 114. The automatic release coupling system 118 provides a controlled decoupling of the bucket segment 116 of the hose 112, thereby reducing risk of damage and harm to the helicopter, the crew, and/or the foam delivery system.
In another embodiment, decoupling of the bucket segment 116 may be manually controlled by a crew member in the helicopter. For example, the actuation of the female coupling 502, thereby releasing the male coupling 506, may be done by a cable or wire or by wireless remote controlled devices. The coupling system 118 also provides for easy assembly and disassembly of the foam delivery system. The release sleeve of the female coupling 102 may also be manually actuated when, for example, connecting the male coupling when the helicopter is on the ground.
The above-described foam delivery system provides a relatively simple, low-cost system for delivering foam solution to a firefighting bucket. The foam delivery system uses the forces of gravity to assist in delivering the foam solution to the bucket 102. According to one embodiment, an additional electrical supply is not necessary, and electrical pumps, which may possibly break down during use and hinder the delivery of foam, are also not required. Another advantage provided by the invention is the ability to retrofit commercially available foam containers to be used with the foam delivery system.
In one embodiment, the coupling of the hose 112 to the cable 104, as describe above, adds stability to the bucket 102. The rigidity of the hose 112 may reduce the amount of movement and rotation of the bucket 102 during flight and also during use of the bucket 102 to fight fires.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the above-described system may be implemented in a variety of configurations. For example, while certain types of hose, coupling devices, and connectors have been described, other types of suitable hoses, coupling devices, and connectors may be used. Welding and adhesives may also be used where appropriate. Also, while the various above-describe components have be described as being made from certain materials, other suitable materials may be used.
The previous description of the exemplary embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make and/or use the present invention. While the invention has been described with respect to particular illustrated embodiments, various modifications to these embodiments will readily be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. It is therefore desired that the present embodiments be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive. Accordingly, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments described above but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Patent Application
20070267101
