Patent Application
20220001624
According to a first aspect the present disclosure relates to a system comprising an apparatus for producing an object by means of additive manufacturing.
According to a second aspect the present disclosure relates to a method for producing an object by means of additive manufacturing using an apparatus.
3D printing or additive manufacturing refers to any of various processes for manufacturing a three-dimensional object. Traditional techniques like injection molding can be less expensive for manufacturing, for example, polymer products in high quantities, but 3D printing or additive manufacturing can be faster, more flexible and less expensive when producing relatively small quantities of three-dimensional objects.
It is anticipated that additive manufacturing becomes more and more important in the future, as the increasing competitive pressure forces companies to not only manufacture more economically with a constant high product quality but also to save time and costs in the area of product development. The life span of products is continuously shortened. In addition to product quality and product costs, the moment of market introduction is becoming increasingly important for the success of a product.
The three-dimensional object may be produced by selectively solidifying, in a layer-like fashion, a powder, paper or sheet material to produce a three-dimensional, 3D, object. In particular, a computer controlled additive manufacturing apparatus may be used which sequentially sinters a plurality of layers to build the desired object in a layer-by-layer fashion. Primarily additive processes are used, in which successive layers of material are laid down under computer control. These objects can be of almost any shape or geometry, and are produced from a 3D model or other electronic data source.
In order to print a three-dimensional object, a printable model is to be created with a computer design package or via a 3D scanner, for example. Usually, the input is a 3D CAD file such as an STL file, a STEP file or a IGS file. Before printing the object from a CAD file, the file is to be processed by a piece of software, which converts the model into a series of thin subsequent layers. Further, apparatus settings and vectors are generated for controlling the creation of each of the subsequent layers.
A laser comprised in the computer controlled additive manufacturing apparatus follows these settings and vectors to solidify successive layers of material to build the 3D object from a series of cross sections. These layers, which correspond to the virtual cross sections from the CAD model, are during this process joined or fused at the same time to create the final 3D object.
Known systems to print a three-dimensional object comprise:
One of the challenges of the known systems, in particular for known systems for producing a metal object by additive manufacturing, is how to further improve the quality of the manufactured object while realising a relative large manufacturing output.
It is an object of the present disclosure to provide a system and a method for producing an object, by additive manufacturing, that allows to improve the quality of the manufactured object while realising a relative large manufacturing output.
This objective is achieved by the system according to claim 1, wherein the system comprises:
By providing a status acquisition device, information, preferably information directly related to operating conditions of said apparatus which define an output performance of said apparatus, may be acquired. The acquired information, after receiving by the control unit, may be used by the control unit to control the apparatus as regards allocation of production of the object and/or the further object to said apparatus. The production of the object may for instance be delayed or interrupted and thereby realise a relative large manufacturing output if the acquired information for instance indicates that the object will not meet a required quality level or if from the acquired information it may be derived that the object will not meet a required quality level.
Preferably, said status of said apparatus is directly related to operating conditions of said apparatus which define an output performance of said apparatus.
Preferably, said control unit is further arranged for controlling production, by means of additive manufacturing, of said object and/or a further object taking into account said acquired information.
It is beneficial if said status acquisition device is arranged for acquiring said information during manufacturing of said object.
In this regard it is beneficial if said system is arranged for acquiring said information, by said status acquisition device, at a rate of at least once per hour, preferably at a rate at once per second.
Preferably, said system is arranged for said controlling of production, by said control unit, at a rate corresponding to said rate of said acquiring of said information.
By providing a status acquisition device, information, preferably information directly related to operating conditions of said apparatus which define an output performance of said apparatus, may be acquired. The acquired information, after receiving by the control unit, may be used by the control unit to control the apparatus as regards the production running thereon, thereby allowing to control the production of the object during production thereof. The production of the object may for instance be interrupted after taking into account said acquired information and thereby realise a relative large manufacturing output if the acquired information for instance indicates that the object will not meet a required quality level.
The object and/or the further object may be part of a print job including several objects that are to be printed in one single production run of the apparatus.
Alternatively, the acquired information may be used to control the production of a further object to be produced by additive manufacturing. If for instance the further object is part of the print job including several objects, the print job may be changed taking into account the acquired information. The print job may for instance be changed by allocating the production of the further object to a further print job, wherein the further print job is to executed in the future. Allocation of the further object to a further print job may for instance be implemented after taking into account said acquired information and thereby realise a relative large manufacturing output if the acquired information for instance indicates that the further object will not meet a required quality level if the further object remains part of the print job.
Preferably, said acquired information, acquired by said status acquisition device, is at least one of:
Acquiring a calibration status of said apparatus is beneficial for allowing the control unit to control production such that allocation to the apparatus for manufacturing of an object and/or a further object may be limited to objects that correspond to the calibration status and thereby realise a relative large manufacturing output while meeting a required quality level. It is beneficial if said system is arranged for acquiring said calibration status of said apparatus, by said status acquisition device, at a rate of at least once per hour, preferably at a rate at once per 30 minutes.
Acquiring an expected time to service of said apparatus is beneficial for allowing the control unit to control production such that allocation to the apparatus for manufacturing of an object may be limited to objects that may be completed before service of said apparatus is expected and thereby realise a relative large manufacturing output while meeting a required quality level. It is beneficial if said system is arranged for acquiring said expected time to service of said apparatus, by said status acquisition device, at a rate of at least 4 times per minute, preferably at a rate at once per second.
Acquiring an actual expected remaining processing time for manufacturing said object is beneficial for allowing the control unit to control production such that a start of production of an object may be determined relatively accurately. It is beneficial if said system is arranged for acquiring said actual expected remaining processing time, by said status acquisition device, at a rate of at least 4 times per minute, preferably at a rate at once per second.
Acquiring both an expected time to service of said apparatus and an expected remaining processing time is beneficial for allowing the control unit to stop production of the object if the expected remaining processing time is longer than the expected time to service thereby realising a relative large manufacturing output while meeting a required quality level.
Acquiring a measure of a quality and/or a quantity of said powdered material is beneficial for allowing the control unit to control production such that allocation to the apparatus for manufacturing of an object may be limited to objects that correspond to the quality and/or a quantity of said powdered material and thereby realise a relative large manufacturing output while meeting a required quality level.
It is beneficial if said system is arranged for acquiring said measure of said quality of said powdered material, by said status acquisition device, at a rate of at least once per hour, preferably at a rate at once per 30 minutes.
Preferably, said quality and/or said quantity of said powdered material is during manufacturing of said object. This is beneficial for allowing the control unit to stop production of the object if the quality and/or the quantity of the powdered material does not meet a predetermined value.
Within the context of the present disclosure a system event is to be understood as an event that may be triggered by an interrupt. The interrupt is an activation signal generated by said apparatus. The system event may be related to an error causing the apparatus to stop production of said object and/or said further object. An error is to be understood as a disruptive system event that may be notified as a system fault, for instance an error message. Alternatively, the system event may be related to a non-disruptive event such as a warning. A warning is to be understood as a non-disruptive system event that may be notified as a faulty system state, for instance a warning message. A warning may be an indication that an error may occur or a notification relating to an event such as removing powder from said process chamber. Acquiring a system event is beneficial for allowing the control unit to control production such that allocation to the apparatus of an object, or the production of the object and/or further object may be controlled.
In this regard it is beneficial if said calibration status, acquired by said status acquisition device, is determined taking into account a measure of an actual, historical and/or expected calibration status. By taking into account a measure of an actual, historical and/or expected calibration status a measure of an accuracy of said object being manufactured may be determined for predicting whether the object will meet a predetermined quality level. This is beneficial for realising a relative large manufacturing output while meeting a required quality level.
It is beneficial if said expected time to service, acquired by said status acquisition device, is determined taking into account a measure of an actual, historical and/or expected time to service. By taking into account a measure of an actual, historical and/or expected time to service it may be determined whether manufacturing of the object will be completed before a required service of the apparatus. This is beneficial for realising a relative large manufacturing output while meeting a required quality level.
Preferably, said actual expected remaining processing time, acquired by said status acquisition device, is determined taking into account a measure of an actual processing speed, historical processing speed and/or expected processing speed for manufacturing said object. This is beneficial for realising a relative large manufacturing output while meeting a required quality level.
It is advantageous if said measure of said quality of said powdered material, acquired by said status acquisition device, is determined taking into account a measure of an actual, historical and/or expected powder material quality. By taking into account a measure of an actual, historical and/or expected powder material quality it may be determined whether the object will meet a predetermined quality level. This is beneficial for realising a relative large manufacturing output while meeting a required quality level.
In a very practical embodiment of the system according to the present disclosure, said system comprises a plurality of said apparatuses. This allows the control unit to control production of an object and/or a further object on said plurality of said apparatuses taking into account said acquired information. This is beneficial for allocating production to said plurality of said apparatuses and thereby realise a relative large manufacturing output while meeting a required quality level.
In this regard it is beneficial if at least two of the apparatuses of the plurality of apparatuses differ by at least one of:
In this regard it is beneficial if said object and said further object are allocated, by said control unit, to different apparatuses of said plurality of said apparatuses taking into account said acquired information. Allocation of said object and said further object to said apparatuses in this manner contributes to scheduling the production of said object and said further object in a way such that the available production time is used relatively efficient. This is beneficial for realising a relative large manufacturing output while meeting a required quality level.
Preferably, said system comprises a plurality of said status acquisition devices and a plurality of said control units, wherein each of said apparatuses comprises one of said status acquisition devices. This is beneficial for realising a relative large manufacturing output while meeting a required quality level.
Preferably, said system comprises a plurality of said status acquisition devices and a plurality of said control units, wherein each of said apparatuses comprises one of said status acquisition devices and one of said control units. This is beneficial for realising a relative large manufacturing output while meeting a required quality level.
In an embodiment of the system according to the first aspect of the present disclosure, said system is arranged for scheduling a calibration stop and/or a calibration downtime taking into account said determined calibration status. This is beneficial for realising a relative large manufacturing output while meeting a required quality level. Scheduling a calibration stop and/or a calibration downtime is beneficial for avoiding, or at least significantly reducing, the risk of a need to halt a build process during production of the object and/or the further object.
It is advantageous if said system is arranged for scheduling a service stop and/or a service downtime taking into account said determined expected time to service. This is beneficial for realising a relative large manufacturing output while meeting a required quality level. Scheduling a service stop and/or a service downtime is beneficial for avoiding, or at least significantly reducing, the risk of a need to halt a build process during production of the object and/or the further object.
Preferably, said control unit is further arranged for at least one of:
In this regard it is beneficial if said control unit is further arranged for controlling production, by means of additive manufacturing, of said object and/or said further object taking into account said at least one of:
In this regard it is beneficial if said object and said further object are allocated, by said control unit, to different apparatuses of said plurality of said apparatuses taking into account said at least one of:
Allocation of said object and said further object to said apparatuses in this manner contributes to scheduling the production of said object and said further object in a way such that the available production time is used relatively efficient. This is beneficial for realising a relative large manufacturing output while meeting a required quality level.
It is beneficial if said system comprises a register unit comprising historical information related to at least one of said calibration status of said apparatus, said expected time to service of said apparatus, said actual expected remaining processing time for manufacturing said object and said measure of a quality of said powdered material.
Preferably, said register unit comprises historical information related to an output quality of manufactured objects, wherein said historical information related to said output quality is coupled with at least one of said calibration status of said apparatus, said expected time to service of said apparatus, said actual expected remaining processing time for manufacturing said object and said measure of a quality of said powdered material.
In this regard, it is beneficial if said control unit is communicatively coupled to said register unit and arranged for controlling production taking into account said acquired information and said historical information comprised by said register unit.
In a practical embodiment, the system according to the first aspect of the present disclosure further comprises:
Preferably, said system is arranged for determining a duration of said calibration downtime taking into account a measure of an actual, historical and/or expected calibration downtime and/or arranged for determining a duration of said service downtime taking into account a measure of an actual, historical and/or expected time to service downtime.
According to the second aspect the present disclosure relates to a method for producing an object by means of additive manufacturing using an apparatus, the apparatus comprising:
Preferably, said method comprises the step of:
Preferably, said status of said apparatus is directly related to operating conditions of said apparatus which define an output performance of said apparatus.
Preferably, said control unit is further arranged for controlling production, by means of additive manufacturing, of said object and/or a further object taking into account said acquired information
In this regard, it is beneficial if said provided status acquisition device is arranged for acquiring said information during manufacturing of said object, wherein said acquiring of said information is performed during said manufacturing of said object.
Embodiments of the method according to the second aspect correspond to embodiments of the system according to the first aspect of the present disclosure. The advantages of the method according to the second aspect correspond to advantages of the system according to first aspect of the present disclosure presented previously.
Preferably, said control unit is arranged for acquiring information comprising at least one of:
It is advantageous if said control unit is arranged for at least one of:
It is beneficial if said method further comprises the step of:
scheduling, by said control unit, at least one of:
Preferably, said provided status acquisition device is arranged for acquiring said information during manufacturing of said object, wherein said acquiring of said information is performed during said manufacturing of said object.
It is beneficial if said system is arranged for acquiring, by said status acquisition device, said information related to said status of said apparatus at a rate of in the range of once per second to once per hour, wherein said acquiring of said information is performed at a rate in the range of once per second to once per hour during said manufacturing of said object.
It is advantageous if said method further comprises the steps of:
It is beneficial if said method further comprises the step of:
such that said at least one of:
Preferably, during said step of scheduling, said at least one of:
The system and method to the present disclosure will next be explained by means of the accompanying figures. In the figures:
System 101 further comprises a status acquisition device 23 and a control unit 25. The status acquisition device 23 is arranged for acquiring a calibration status of said apparatus 1, an expected time to service of said apparatus 1, an actual expected remaining processing time for manufacturing said object 2, by said apparatus 1, a measure of a quality and/or a quantity of said powdered material 4 and a system event such as an error or a warning. The status acquisition device 23 is communicatively coupled to the control unit 25 such that said control unit 25 may receive said calibration status of said apparatus 1, said expected time to service of said apparatus 1, said actual expected remaining processing time for manufacturing said object 2, by said apparatus 1 and said measure of said quality of said powdered material 4.
The control unit 25 is further communicatively coupled to said apparatus 1 for controlling production of said object 2 and/or a further object (not shown) taking into account said acquired information. Taking into account said acquired information, the control unit 25 may for instance control the production of said object 2 and/or the further object such that a current print job comprising said object 2 and/or the further object running on said apparatus 1 may be altered. The current print job may for instance be altered in that the further object is allocated to another print job. Moreover, the production may be controlled in a way, taking into account said acquired information, wherein a further print job may be allocated to the apparatus 1, which further print job may be initiated after the current print job is completed.
The control unit 25 is further arranged for scheduling at least one of a calibration stop and/or a calibration downtime and/or a service stop and/or a service downtime taking into account said acquired information. In addition, the control unit 25 may be further arranged for controlling production, by means of additive manufacturing, of said object 2 and/or said further object taking into account said at least one of:
System 201 differs mainly from system 101 in that a plurality of apparatuses 1 are connected to the status acquisition device 23 and the control unit 25. Elements of system 201 that are similar to elements of system 101 are provided with a reference number equal to the reference number of the element in system 101. System 201 allows the current print job to be altered in that the further object is allocated to another print job and/or another apparatus 1 connected to the control unit 25. Moreover, the production may be controlled in a way, taking into account said acquired information, wherein a further print job may be allocated to the apparatus 1 or alternatively allocated to another apparatus 1 connected to the control unit 25. Allocation of a further print job or the further object to another apparatus may for instance be based on an acquired calibration status or expected time to service of the apparatus 1 such that a quality requirement and/or completion time of the further object or further print job is met while realising a relative large manufacturing output.
System 301 differs mainly from system 201 in that the system comprises a plurality of status acquisition devices 23, wherein each of the status acquisition devices is connected to an accompanying apparatus 1. Elements of system 301 that are similar to elements of system 201 are provided with a reference number equal to the reference number of the element in system 201.
Systems 101, 201, 301 may be used as follows for producing an object 2, by means of additive manufacturing, during a step of producing 40. The status acquisition device 23 acquires, during an acquisition step 50, information, preferably information that is directly related to operating conditions of said apparatus 1 which define an output performance of said apparatus 1. The acquired information is received, during a receiving step 60, by said control unit 25. The control unit 25, taking into account said acquired information, during a step of controlling 70, schedules at least one of a calibration stop and/or a calibration downtime and/or a service stop and/or a service and preferably controls production of said object 2 and/or said further object. The acquisition step 50 may take place before or after said step of producing 40.
System 401 differs mainly from system 201 in that the system comprises a determination unit 27. Elements of system 401 that are similar to elements of system 201 are provided with a reference number equal to the reference number of the element in system 201. The determination unit 27 is communicatively coupled to said status acquisition device 23. The determination unit 27 is arranged for determining a measure of a quality of said object and/or said further object taking into account said information acquired by said status acquisition device 23.
System 501 differs mainly from system 301 in that the system comprises the determination unit 27. Elements of system 501 that are similar to elements of system 301 and 401 are provided with a reference number equal to the reference number of the element in system 301 and 401.
Systems 401 and 501 may be used as follows for producing an object 2, by means of additive manufacturing, during a step of producing 140. The status acquisition device 23 acquires, during an acquisition step 150, information, preferably information that is directly related to operating conditions of said apparatus 1 which define an output performance of said apparatus 1. The acquired information is received, during a receiving step 160, by said control unit 25 and by said determination unit 27. The control unit 25, taking into account said acquired information, during a step of controlling 170, schedules at least one of a calibration stop and/or a calibration downtime and/or a service stop and/or a service and preferably controls production of said object and/or said further object. The acquisition step 150 may take place before or after said step of producing 140. The determination unit, taking into account said acquired information, during a step of determining 180, determines a measure of a quality of said object and/or said further object.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2022029 | Nov 2018 | NL | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/NL2019/050753 | 11/19/2019 | WO | 00 |
