The present invention relates generally to the incorporation of a unique stator to be utilized in a rotor-stator assembly for the dispersion of agglomerate particles in agglomerate mixing systems.
High speed rotor-stator mixer assemblies are capable of producing finer dispersions of solids into liquids than typical saw tooth impellors. This is a result of the trapping of agglomerated particles suspended in a liquid between the high-speed rotating rotor and the stationary stator and then tearing them apart, so they can be separated, in many cases, down to the original particle size.
These rotor-stator mixer assemblies are designed to deliver higher shear rates than open saw tooth blades, commonly used in the manufacture of paints, inks, cosmetics, lotions, and similar applications. Their purpose is to produce a finer dispersion with smaller and fewer agglomerates than can be achieved with typical dispersion blades. Such rotor-stator assemblies accomplish this objective, but with significant limitations. Heat generation is one of the primary problems normally associated with rotor-stator assemblies.
Disperser blades create both shear and turbulence. The shear is less intense than a rotor-stator because the dispersion itself is the backstop for the rotating blade, absorbing energy and creating turbulence as it exits the face of the impellor. In this case, turbulence is beneficial since it provides aggressive circumferential flow as the streamlines of laminar flow (shear) deteriorate into turbulent flow, promoting mixing and more temperature uniformity in the tank. Viscosity and density of the feedstock influence flow. Characteristics of the flow such as levels of thixotropy, dilatancy and pseudo plasticity, all affect the flow.
Rotor-stator mixers assemblies create higher shear rates, but less turbulence than disperser blades. The shear is generated by the rotor as it passes closely to the stator and exits through escape openings in the stator. These openings are uniform and unique to the individual stator and are dependent on the task at hand. Regardless of the shape or size openings the agglomerate is sheared by the rotor, impacted, wiped and torn against the inner wall of the stator and forced through its openings. The resulting flow is momentarily laminar, immediately followed by turbulence. Again, flow characteristics come into play and affect performance.
As flow is inhibited by the constrictive openings in the stator, so too is mixing. The radial discharge, when confronted with increasing viscosity from increasing particle surface area vehicle demand, rapidly deteriorates mixing. This results in hot spots around the rotor-stator assembly and batch temperatures become segmented. One solution to this problem is to add supplementary agitation to aid in mixing. This becomes more apparent as flow (mixing) becomes more and more lethargic. The cost of the equipment for the process tends to increase as a function of the difficulties.
There is an area where supplementary agitation can be avoided if the shear intensity can be complimented by the level of mixing intensity of a typical disperser blade. However, this is for applications within the range of a disperser.
The present invention comprises a rotor-stator mixer assembly which combines a high efficiency rotor with unique stator designs to address the limitations of prior rotor-stator mixer assemblies, including the dispersal of large agglomerate and the problem of heat build-up. The stator has a variety of slot openings in different sizes and shapes. These slot configurations enable rapid large agglomerate reduction into smaller and smaller agglomerates and ultimately down to particle size without the need to change stator configuration, which it is already built into the device.
The walls of the stator bodies are thick enough to have the openings cut in at an attack angle (typically 45°) that will generate circumferential, rather than radial, exit flow. This promotes rapid slicing and dicing of larger materials such as rubber pellets. Clearance between the tips of the rotor and the inside diameter of the stator affects both the discharge rate and the shear rate/stress calculated in reciprocal seconds. The tighter the tolerances and exit slot openings, the higher the shear and the lower the discharge rate. Increasing the open area of the slot openings can be accomplished by increasing their number and positioning. However, this is also a function of the internal pressure generated within the device and flow characteristics of the agglomerate. Peripheral speed of the rotor influences these factors. As pellet size is reduced, the efficiency of the larger slot opening is also reduced. This occurs when the smaller size slot openings pick up efficiency to continue size reduction of the solids until even the smallest slot openings lose efficiency.
The solubilization of rubber crumbs is best done on this device. In the event the rotor-stator is used to disperse solids instead of solubilizing, media milling can finish the dispersion.
As these improvements enhance the shear and flow, they affect the temperature of the agglomerate, both in uniformity and acceleration. There is a further enhancement that can help control temperature, if necessary. Attaching an appropriate sized jacket to the rotor-stator assembly further controls the heat exchange and “fine tunes” the agglomerate to maintain the desired temperature equilibrium. These aspects are true for both the lift-out immersive and the in-line vacuum designs.
The novel features which are considered as characteristic of the invention are set forth in particular in the appended claims. The invention, itself, however, both as to its design, construction and use, together with additional features and advantages thereof, are best understood upon review of the following detailed description with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The rotor-stator system for agglomerate mixers, shown in
With specific reference to
In summation, by increasing the available exit slot openings in subsequent size variation and changing their angle of discharge, enhanced rotor-stator agglomerate dispersal performance and reduced process temperatures are achieved. Improved temperature control through the use of strategically placed jackets adds yet another level of performance improvement.
Certain novel features and components of this invention are disclosed in detail in order to make the invention clear in at least one form thereof. However, it is to be clearly understood that the invention as disclosed is not necessarily limited to the exact form and details as disclosed, since it is apparent that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention.
Number | Name | Date | Kind |
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3194540 | Hager | Jul 1965 | A |
3195867 | Mould, Jr. | Jul 1965 | A |
6000840 | Paterson | Dec 1999 | A |
6783271 | Makarenko | Aug 2004 | B1 |
20030107948 | Jacob | Jun 2003 | A1 |
Number | Date | Country |
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1022904 | Oct 2016 | BE |
359346 | Dec 1961 | CH |
115301101 | Nov 2022 | CN |
967436 | Nov 1957 | DE |
1036818 | Aug 1958 | DE |
1040513 | Oct 1958 | DE |
1101918 | Mar 1961 | DE |
1140440 | Nov 1962 | DE |
290033 | Nov 1988 | EP |
1787958 | May 2007 | EP |
888287 | Dec 1943 | FR |
2233089 | Jan 1975 | FR |
2970879 | Aug 2012 | FR |
52001756 | Jan 1977 | JP |
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20160016004 | Feb 2016 | KR |
WO-2020091640 | May 2020 | WO |
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WO-2021034252 | Feb 2021 | WO |
Entry |
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Machine translation of DE1040513 obtained Dec. 2023. |