Patent Application
20100241393
The present invention relates to a system for calculating axial deformation of a turbine rotor.
Generally, axial deformation or misalignment that occurs in a turbine rotor causes imbalance of the turbine rotor, which may cause shaft vibration during operation. Excessive shaft vibration causes an abnormality in a bearing part and prevents normal operation. A further progress of the excessive vibration may lead to a break of the shaft. Thus, to prevent such a break, it is important to keep axial deformation or alignment of the turbine rotor within an acceptable value.
Turbine rotors covered by the present invention include a gas turbine rotor and also a steam turbine rotor.
A gas turbine rotor will be specifically described by way of example.
Axial deformation or misalignment that occurs in the gas turbine rotor 1 having such a configuration causes shaft vibration. Also, a gap between a front end of each of the blades 11 mounted to the outer periphery of the rotor disk 50 and an outer casing (not shown) is adjusted to be constant in a circumferential direction. An increase in shaft vibration causes interference between the front end of the blades and the casing, which may disable operation. Thus, an axial deformation amount or a misalignment amount needs to be adjusted at the time of assembling the rotor to be kept within an acceptable value. Also, when the axial deformation exceeds the acceptable value, the axial deformation needs to be corrected.
The axial deformation is corrected by the following procedure. In the configuration of the gas turbine rotor 1 shown in
One factor of occurrence of the axial deformation is a nonuniform thickness of the rotor disk 50. Thus, the misalignment amount of the rotor disk 50 sometimes exceeds the acceptable value depending on the way of placing the rotor disks 50 one next to another. In this case, a rotor disk 50 to be corrected is selected from the distribution of axial deformation of the gas turbine rotor 1, joint surfaces between the rotor disks 50 (in
The radial deflection amount of the rotor disk 50 is obtained by selecting a plurality of measurement points at circumferentially regular intervals on an outer surface 50a of the rotor disk 50 while rotating the rotor, and measuring a radial displacement amount at each measurement point from a reading of a displacement gage at the measurement point. Specifically, with reference to a measurement starting point (a displacement amount at the measurement starting point is 0 (zero) for convenience), a radial displacement amount at each measurement point from the measurement starting point is regarded as a deflection amount at each measurement point. As a displacement gage, various known sensors are used. For example, a contact sensor such as a dial gage, or a noncontact sensor such as a laser sensor, a capacitance sensor, or an ultrasonic sensor can be used.
Misalignment data is calculated from a measured value of the deflection amount at each measurement point. As shown in
Patent Citation 1 discloses a method and an apparatus for calculating misalignment of a rotational body. Patent Citation 2 discloses an example of a deflection amount measurement device of a turbine rotor.
Patent Citation 1:
Japanese Unexamined Patent Application, Publication No. 2001-91244
Patent Citation 2:
Japanese Unexamined Patent Application, Publication No. Hei 11-230733
Generally, for calculating axial deformation of a turbine rotor, a method is known using a least squares method disclosed in Patent Citation 1 or the like to calculate circularity of the rotor or a misalignment amount of a rotor axial center and calculate the axial deformation.
However, the conventional method disclosed in Patent Citation 1 is a calculation method with high accuracy, but has a problem that calculation is complicated and an enormous amount of calculation is required.
The present invention is achieved to solve such a problem, and has an object to provide a system for calculating axial deformation of a turbine rotor by a simpler method than conventional methods.
The present invention provides a system for calculating axial deformation of a turbine rotor, including: an input part that sets measurement points of a rotor disk that constitutes the turbine rotor; a deflection amount detection part that derives radial displacement amounts of the turbine rotor for at least four or more measurement points along an outer surface in a circumferential direction of the turbine rotor based on measured values measured by a displacement gage; a storage part that stores the radial displacement amounts derived by the deflection amount detection part and measured angles at the measurement points; and a calculation part that calls up data stored in the storage part and calculates misalignment data of a most probable circle of the turbine rotor, wherein the calculation part includes a misalignment calculation part that selects three arbitrary points among all the measurement points stored in the storage part to calculate a calculated circle from the radial displacement amounts and the measured angles, calculates calculated circle values for all the measurement points from the calculated circle, calculates differences between the calculated circle values and the radial displacement amounts as error amounts at the measurement points, sums the error amounts to derive a total error amount value, repeats calculation for combinations of three measurement points among all the measurement points to calculate each total error amount value, selects a minimum calculated circle among obtained total error amount values for all combinations as a most probable circle, and calculates deviation between the center of the most probable circle and the center of rotation of the turbine rotor as the misalignment data of the most probable circle, a misalignment determination part that calculates a maximum misalignment amount with reference to the misalignment data of the most probable circle for all the rotor disks to determine whether the maximum misalignment amount is within a reference value or not, and a calculation part for the distribution of axial deformation that calculates the distribution of axial deformation from the misalignment data of the most probable circle.
According to the present invention, at least four or more measurement points are set in the circumferential direction of the turbine rotor, the calculated circle is calculated from the displacement amount and the measured angle measured at each measurement point, the most probable circle is determined from the calculated circle, and the misalignment data of the most probable circle is calculated from the most probable circle, thereby allowing axial deformation to be calculated by a simpler method than conventional methods.
In the present invention, the calculation part may include a corrected disk selection part that selects a rotor disk to be corrected, and a correction amount determination part that determines a correction amount of the rotor disk to be corrected.
With this configuration, when the maximum misalignment amount exceeds the reference value, the corrected disk selection part selects the rotor disk to be corrected, and the correction amount determination part determines the correction amount of the rotor disk, thereby allowing the axial deformation of the turbine rotor to be easily corrected.
In the present invention, the corrected disk selection part may select a rotor disk having the maximum misalignment amount as a rotor disk to be corrected.
With this configuration, the rotor disk having the maximum misalignment amount is to be corrected, thereby minimizing the maximum misalignment amount after the correction of the rotor disk.
In the present invention, the correction amount determination part may select the maximum misalignment amount of the rotor disk to be corrected as a disk correction amount.
With this configuration, the disk correction amount is determined based on the maximum misalignment amount, thereby providing the simplest correction method and minimizing the axial deformation of the turbine rotor after the correction of the rotor disk.
According to the present invention, the most probable circle can be easily selected, and thus axial deformation of the rotor can be calculated accurately by a simple method without an enormous amount of calculation as disclosed in Patent Citation 1.
An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings, which merely show the embodiment by way of example, and the present invention is not limited to the embodiment. Components in the embodiment include components easily replaceable by those skilled in the art, or substantial equivalents. A gas turbine rotor will be described below by way of example.
Calculation of a misalignment amount of a rotor disk 50 forms the basis for calculation of the distribution of axial deformation of a gas turbine rotor 1. A basic idea of a calculation method of the misalignment amount will be described below.
A reference circle is not an element directly related to a configuration of the present invention, but is shown for convenience as a circle having the center of figure that matches the center of rotation O2 of the rotor disk 50. For the gas turbine rotor, the reference circle is a perfect circle, and the center of the reference circle is the center of rotation O2 of the rotor.
The calculated circle is determined from a measured value Pi (measured angle θi and radial displacement amount ai) of a deflection amount at each measurement point Xi (i=1 to m). A position and a measured angle of each measurement point Xi (i=1 to m) are determined for the number of measurement points (m) in a circumferential direction, and measured values Pi (measured angle θi and radial displacement amount ai) of three arbitrary points are selected from measured values Pi at the measurement points Xi (i=1 to m), and thus these three points can always determine one circle. The circle determined by the three points is regarded as the calculated circle. The calculated circle is determined by a combination of three arbitrary measurement points among all the measurement points (m), and there are a total of (mC3) combinations. (mC3) means a total number of combinations of all three points when three arbitrary points are selected from (m) measurement points Xi (i=1 to m). Thus, when n=(mC3), there are (n) calculated circles.
In the present invention, three arbitrary points are selected from all the measurement points Xi (i=1 to m), and one calculated circle is calculated from the three points.
Next, for each of the measurement points Xi (i=1 to m), a radial deviation between each measured value Pi (measured angle θi and radial displacement amount ai) and the calculated circle, that is, a difference between each measured value Pi and a calculated circle value (which refers to a value on the calculated circle, and the meaning of which will be described later) is calculated as an error amount Δi,j. Specifically, a calculated circle value Qi,j at each measurement point Xi (i=1 to m) is calculated from the calculated circle, and the error amount Δi,j is calculated from the measured value Pi and the calculated circle value Qi,j. Further, a total error amount value ΔSj for one calculated circle is calculated from each error amount Δi,j. Then, other calculated circles are successively calculated from the other combinations of three points among all the measurement points, and a total error amount value ΔSj is similarly calculated for each calculated circle.
After the total error amount values ΔSj (j=1 to n) are calculated for all the calculated circles, a minimum one of the total error amount values ΔSj (j=1 to n) is selected as a minimum total error amount value ΔSj (j=a), and a calculated circle corresponding to the minimum total error amount value ΔSa (j=a) is determined as a most probable circle. The most probable circle is regarded as a figure closest to a sectional shape of the gas turbine rotor among all the calculated circles, and the center of the most probable circle is regarded as the center of figure. Deviation between the center of the most probable circle and the center of rotation is misalignment. Misalignment data including a misalignment amount (eccentric distance e) and a misalignment angle θa quantitatively indicates a state of the misalignment. Calculation of the misalignment amount (eccentric distance e) and the misalignment angle θa allows the level of the misalignment of the rotor disk 50 to be easily determined, and allows validity of the data to be easily determined.
For each calculated circle, one error amount Δi,j is calculated at each measurement point Xi (i=1 to m), and one total error amount value ΔSj can be calculated for each calculated circle. One most probable circle is determined for all the measurement points Xi (i=1 to m).
The above-described method will be more specifically described with reference to
From a combination of three arbitrary measurement points, one calculated circle can be determined by a method described later (Expression 4). From the other combinations of three arbitrary points among all the measurement points, other calculated circles are calculated by the same method, and a total of (n) calculated circles can be determined.
Next, the meaning of the calculated circle value Qi,j will be described with reference to
When a difference from each calculated circle value Qi,j (θi, bi,j) corresponding to each measured value Pi (θi, ai) is an error amount Δi,j at each measurement point Xi (i=1 to m), the error amount Δi,j is expressed by the following expression.
Δi,j=[Pi(θi,ai(θi,ai,j)]2 (Expression 1)
In Expression 1, a difference between the measured value Pi and the calculated circle value Qi,j is squared so that an influence of plus and minus signs of the value of the difference is eliminated, and in view of a case where the measured value includes an abnormal value, a difference between the abnormal value and a normal value is further enlarged to achieve easy selection of the abnormal value.
Then, for a target calculated circle, an error amount Δi,j is calculated for all the measurement points Xi (i=1 to m) by Expression 1.
Further, the sum of the error amounts Δi,j is a total error amount value ΔSj, which is expressed by Expression 2.
ΔSj=Σ(Δi,j) (Expression 2)
For a target calculated circle, the error amounts Δi,j at each measurement point in Expression 1 are summed from the measurement point X1 to the measurement point Xm to obtain the total error amount value ΔSj.
Then, other different calculated circles are determined from combinations of other three arbitrary points among the measurement points Xi (i=1 to m) in the same manner. Further, using Expressions 1 and 2, an error amount Δi,j and a total error amount value ΔSj are calculated for each calculated circle. Since one total error amount value ΔSj can be calculated for each calculated circle, (n) total error amount values ΔSj (j=1 to n) can be calculated for (n) calculated circles.
After the total error amount values ΔSj (j=1 to n) for the (n) calculated circles are calculated, a minimum total error amount value ΔSj (j=a) is selected among the total error amount values ΔSj (j=1 to n), and a calculated circle having the minimum total error amount value ΔSa (j=a) is determined as a most probable circle. The most probable circle is regarded as a figure (perfect circle) closest to a sectional shape of the rotor among all the calculated circles, and the center of the most probable circle is regarded as the center of figure. Deviation between the center of the most probable circle and the center of rotation O2 of the rotor disk 50 is misalignment. In
If the misalignment is determined in such a way, data can be obtained by a simpler method than a least squares method that is a conventional art disclosed in Patent Citation 1 or the like.
If the measured value includes an abnormal value, the abnormal value is reliably eliminated in the calculation process of the most probable circle. Specifically, the calculated circle is a circle determined by measured values of three arbitrary points, and there is always a calculated circle that does not include an abnormal value. Thus, from the calculated circles that do not include an abnormal value, a circle with a minimum total error amount value is naturally selected as the most probable circle. Since the abnormal value can be specified, the abnormal value can be eliminated and replaced with a measured value (remeasured value) after remeasurement. On the other hand, in the least squares method and the like that are the conventional arts disclosed in Patent Citations 1 and 2, calculation of misalignment involves an abnormal value, and there is always an influence of the abnormal value. Also, the abnormal value cannot be specified, and thus it is difficult to eliminate the abnormal value and replace the abnormal value with a remeasured value.
Next, the outline of a method of calculating a calculated circle from a measured value to determine an error amount will be described for the meaning on a plane coordinate.
Changes in deflection when the rotor having misalignment is rotated can be approximated to deflection of an eccentric disk cam.
Further, the rotary disk A rotates around a point O2 eccentric from the center of FIG. O1 by a distance e, and the center of rotation O2 is located on an axis of the shaft part D of the follower B. In such an eccentric disk cam, when the rotary disk A rotates around the eccentric point O2, the follower B moves in the vertical direction with respect to the sheet surface with changes in rotation angle β.
In
In
A difference between the maximum value (P5) and the minimum value (P1) of displacement of the contact point P is a maximum deflection width. The deflection width is twice the misalignment amount of the rotary disk A, that is, the eccentric distance e between the center of FIG. O1 and the center of rotation O2 of the rotary disk A. The rotation angle β in
When the displacement of the follower B of the eccentric disk cam, that is, the vertical displacement of the contact point P is y, the displacement y is expressed by Expression 3.
y=e(1−cos θ) (Expression 3)
Expression 3 expresses the displacement of the follower B when the rotary disk A is rotated by the measured angle θ, that is, the displacement of the contact point P, which is indicated by a sine curve passing the origin point of a y−θ coordinate. The state with the measured angle θ of 0° as described above means a state where the center of disk O1, the center of rotation O2, and the axis of the shaft part D match, and means a position with minimum displacement of the contact point P. The displacement y at this time is 0 (zero). It can be considered that the displacement y of the contact point P corresponds to a change in radial deflection of the gas turbine rotor with the misalignment in the present invention.
The radial deflection amount of the gas turbine rotor is measured in such a manner that displacement (a distance between the displacement gage 2 and the outer surface of the rotor disk 50) at the measurement starting point X1 is regarded as 0 (zero), and displacements at other measurement points are measured as changes of readings of the displacement gage with reference to the measurement starting point X1. Meanwhile, in Expression 3, when the measured angle θ is 0°, the displacement y is 0 (zero). Generally, for measurement of circularity of the gas turbine rotor having misalignment, a position with the measured angle θ of 0 (zero) (position with the minimum displacement) is unclear at the start of measurement. Thus, actual measurement is started when the measured angle θ is θa and the displacement y is ya, and this point is regarded as the measurement starting point X1. Coordinate transformation of Expression 3 is performed so that the measured angle at this time is 0° and the displacement Y is 0 (zero).
An expression of deflection after the coordinate transformation is expressed by Expression 4 on an X-Y coordinate.
Y=e[1−cos(X+θa)]−ya (Expression 4)
This expression is an expression of deflection that forms the basis for a misalignment calculation method according to the present invention. The measured angle X means a measured angle (rotation angle) from the measurement starting point. The displacement Y means a displacement amount at the measured angle X. The angle θa is referred to as an initial angle, and the displacement ya is referred to as initial displacement. The eccentric distance e between the center of rotation O2 and the center of FIG. O1 of the eccentric disk cam shown in
The measured values at the three measurement points are assigned to variables X and Y in Expression 4 to define constants e, θa and ya, and determine an expression of one calculated circle.
In
As described above, the calculated circle determined by the three arbitrary measurement points in
Further, the error amount Δi,j expressed by Expression 1 is indicated as a difference between the measured value Pi and the calculated circle value Qi,j on the calculated circle in
Then, the error amount Δi,j is calculated to determine a total error amount value ΔSj (j=1 to n). After the total error amount value ΔSj (j=1 to n) is calculated for each calculated circle, a minimum total error amount value ΔSj (j=a) is selected, and thus the calculated circle having the minimum total error amount value ΔSa (j=a) is the most probable circle.
A difference between the center of the most probable circle finally selected and the center of rotation (corresponding to the center of the reference circle) is misalignment. Specifically, the misalignment data is expressed by the misalignment amount and the misalignment angle. In
If the number of measurement points (m) in the circumferential direction of the rotor is increased, calculation accuracy of the misalignment data of the most probable circle is improved but an amount of calculation is increased. Meanwhile, if the number of measurement points is reduced, calculation accuracy of the misalignment data of the most probable circle is reduced. However, from the idea of the present invention, the number of measurement points needs to be at least four or more. With the number of measurement points of three or less, the basic idea of the present invention does not hold.
Next, a configuration of a system for calculating axial deformation of the gas turbine rotor based on the misalignment calculation method of the rotor disk will be described with reference to
This system 60 includes an input part 61, a deflection amount detection part 62, a storage part 63, a calculation part 64, and a display part 65.
The input part 61 inputs initial values such as the number of rotor disks (DM) or the number of measurement points (m) in the circumferential direction of each rotor disk. The number of measurement points (m) may be different for each rotor disk.
The deflection amount detection part 62 selects at least four or more measurement points in the circumferential direction along the outer surfaces of all the rotor disks from the input number of measurement points (m) in the circumferential direction of the rotor disk, and the displacement gage 2 is placed close to the outer surface of the rotor disk. The rotation angle of the rotor disk is measured by a rotation indicator 3 provided separately or included in the gas turbine. While the gas turbine rotor 1 is rotated, a measured value at each measurement point of the rotor disk 50 is read and stored in the storage part 63. The target measured values include a deflection amount (radial displacement amount) and a measured angle (rotation angle from the measurement starting point). As the displacement gage, various known sensors are applied. For example, a contact sensor such as a dial gage, or a noncontact sensor such as a laser sensor, a capacitance sensor, or an ultrasonic sensor can be used.
The measurement point of the rotor disk 50 is selected by previously marking off measurement positions of all the measurement points Xi (i=1 to m) on the outer surface of the rotor disk. For the measured value at each measurement point, a reading of the displacement gage is automatically captured as the measured value when the rotor disk 50 is rotated at low speed and reaches a measurement position at a predetermined measurement point. For the position of the measurement point, a previously set measurement position is confirmed by a CCD sensor or the like (not shown). In measurement of one rotor disk, the measurement starting point is determined, the rotor is rotated one turn while the position of the measurement point is confirmed, and thus measured values at all the measurement points are collected. It may be conceivable that only the measurement starting point is selected on the outer surface of the rotor disk, and other measurement points are selected by rotation angles from the measurement starting point. The position of the measurement starting point may be input from the input part 61 for each rotor disk.
After the measurement of one rotor disk 50 is finished, the rotor is moved, a position of a measurement starting point of a next adjacent rotor disk is determined, and measurement is performed by the same procedure. When measurement of all the rotor disks is finished, measurement work of the rotor disks is completed. In the measurement, the displacement gage may be moved without moving the rotor.
The calculation part 64 includes a misalignment calculation part 641, a misalignment determination part 642, a calculation part for the distribution of axial deformation 643, a corrected disk selection part 644, and a correction amount determination part 645.
The misalignment calculation part 641 calls up a measured value Pi including the actual measurement values of the measured angle and the deflection amount (radial displacement amount) stored in the storage part 63, and determines a calculated circle from the three measurement points based on Expression 4. From the determined calculated circle, a calculated circle value Qi,j for each measurement point Xi (i=1 to m) is calculated. Then, from the measured value Pi and the calculated circle value Qi,j at each measurement point Xi (i=1 to m), an error amount Δi,j is calculated by Expression 1. Further, a total error amount value ΔSj is derived from the error amount Δi,j by Expression 2. By the same process, other calculated circles are determined from other combinations of three measurement points, and a total error amount value ΔSj (j=1 to n) for each calculated circle is calculated. A minimum total error amount value ΔSa (j=a) is determined among the total error amount values ΔSj (j=1 to n), and the calculated circle for the minimum total error amount value ΔSa (j=a) is regarded as a most probable circle. Deviation between the center of the most probable circle and the center of rotation is calculated to determine misalignment data (misalignment amount and misalignment angle). This is the misalignment data of the most probable circle of a target rotor disk. Calculation is repeatedly performed for all the rotor disks, misalignment data of a most probable circle for each rotor disk is calculated and stored in the storage part 63.
The misalignment determination part 642 refers to a misalignment amount from the misalignment data of the most probable circle for all the rotor disks called up from the storage part 63, and a maximum misalignment amount and a rotor disk having the maximum misalignment amount is determined. Then, it is determined whether the maximum misalignment amount is within a reference value (reference value 2) or not. When it is determined that the maximum misalignment amount is within the reference value, the calculated misalignment data of the most probable circle is determined to be proper, and the distribution of axial deformation of the gas turbine rotor is prepared and stored in the storage part 63. For the misalignment data of the most probable circle, one piece of misalignment data of a most probable circle is determined for each rotor disk, but for the maximum misalignment amount, one maximum misalignment amount is determined for the entire assembly of the turbine rotor.
When the maximum misalignment amount exceeds the reference value (reference value 2), it is determined that correction of axial deformation of the turbine rotor is required. The outline of the basic idea of correcting the axial deformation of the turbine rotor has been described in Background Art (
The calculation part for the distribution of axial deformation 643 plots a misalignment amount and a misalignment angle for each rotor disk based on the misalignment data of the most probable circle determined to be proper to prepare the distribution of axial deformation of the gas turbine rotor. One example of the distribution of axial deformation is shown in
The display part 65 displays the measured values (measured angle and radial displacement amount) of the deflection amount of each rotor disk called up from the storage part 63, the misalignment data of the most probable circle (misalignment amount and misalignment angle), and the distribution of axial deformation of the gas turbine rotor. Further, when the maximum misalignment amount includes an abnormal value, the measurement point concerned and a measured value and an error amount at the measurement point are displayed.
The axial deformation is corrected by the corrected disk selection part 644 and the correction amount determination part 645. The corrected disk selection part 644 and the correction amount determination part 645 will be described below.
As described above, the corrected disk selection part 644 corrects only one rotor disk, and selects the rotor disk 50 having the maximum misalignment amount as a disk to be corrected. This is because a maximum misalignment amount after the correction of the disk can be minimized as compared with the case where the other rotor disks are selected as a disk to be corrected.
The correction amount determination part 645 will be described with reference to
The axial deformation is corrected by selecting the disk to be corrected and correcting thickness distribution of the rotor disk. Specifically, in
In
A specific calculation method of a cutting amount of the disk to be corrected will be described below. Herein, a distance between the bearing S1 and the joint surface 50b of the rotor disk 50 on the rotor rotation center line RC is LL1, and an angle formed by a rotor axial center CC1 and the rotor rotation center line RC is the inclination angle of a rotor axial center (α1). Similarly, a distance between the bearing S2 and the joint surface 51b on the rotor rotation center line RC is LL2, and an angle formed by a rotor axial center CC2 of the adjacent rotor disk 51 and the rotor rotation center line RC is the inclination angle of a rotor axial center (a2). A diameter of the rotor disks 50 and 51 is DD.
In the sectional shape FGHI, a triangle FGR of the rotor disk 50 to be cut is similar to a triangle O1O2S1 formed by the bearing S1, the rotor axial center CC1, and the rotor rotation center line RC. Thus, the length L1 of a side FR is expressed by Expression 5.
L1=Z×(DD/LL1) (Expression 5)
Similarly, the length L2 of a side FT of the adjacent rotor disk 51 is expressed by Expression 6.
L2=Z×(DD/LL2) (Expression 6)
Thus, with reference to the outer surface of the rotor disk 50, the section FGR corresponding to the length L1 from the joint surface 50b toward the bearing S1 is cut in the longitudinal direction of the rotor, and with reference to the outer surface of the adjacent rotor disk 51, the section FGT corresponding to the length L2 from the joint surface 51b toward the bearing S2 is cut, thereby allowing axial deformation of the gas turbine rotor 1 to be eliminated. The section FGR and the section FGT corresponding to the side FR (length L1) and the side FT (length L2) thus determined are correction amounts provided to the rotor disk to be corrected. The contact surface angle (α) is the sum of the inclination angles of the rotor axial center (α1) and (α2).
In the above-described correction method, the rotor disks 50 and 51 on both sides are cut with the joint surfaces 50b and 51b of the rotor disks 50 and 51 adjacent to each other therebetween, but only the rotor disk 50 having the maximum misalignment amount may be cut. In this case, with reference to the outer surface of the rotor disk 50, a section corresponding to the sum of the length L1 of the side FR and the length L2 of the side FT is cut and corrected from the joint surface 50b toward the bearing S1. Specifically, only one rotor disk 50 may be cut and corrected using the sum of the lengths L1 and L2 with reference to the outer surface corresponding to a cutting amount of the rotor disks 50 and 51 on both sides with the joint surfaces 50b and 51b therebetween. A distance LL1 between the bearing S1 and the rotor disk 50 is sufficiently larger than the diameter DD of the rotor disk, which does not cause a large error.
The above-described simple method may be applied to the adjacent rotor disk 51 instead of the rotor disk 50, but is desirably applied to the rotor disk 50 having the maximum misalignment amount. This is because the maximum misalignment amount after correction becomes minimum.
With the configuration of the system for calculating axial deformation of the gas turbine rotor described above, the axial deformation of the gas turbine rotor can be calculated by a simpler method than conventional methods.
Next, a calculation procedure of the axial deformation of the gas turbine rotor according to the present invention will be described with reference to
First, at the input part 61, the number of rotor disks (DM), specifications of the rotor disk (disk diameter DD, disk thickness, distances LL1 and LL2 from the bearing, or the like), and the number of measurement points (m) in the circumferential direction of the rotor disk are input. Based on these input data, the deflection amount detection part 62 performs measurement to derive a deflection amount (radial displacement amount and measured angle) of each rotor disk (Step S1).
Then, from the input number of measurement points (m) in the circumferential direction of the rotor disk, the number of combinations (n) of three measurement points is determined (Step S2). The number of combinations (n) can be determined by n=(mC3).
Then, three arbitrary measurement points are selected (Step S3). One calculated circle is determined from the selected three points.
Measured values of the selected three points are assigned to Expression 4 to determine the calculated circle (Step S4).
For the determined calculated circle, calculated circle values Qi,j (θi, bi,d j) for all the measurement points Xi (i=1 to m) are calculated. From each measured value Pi (θi, ai) and each calculated circle value Qi,j (θi, bi,j), Expression 1 calculates an error amount Δi,j for each measurement point Xi (i=1 to m) (Step S5).
After error amounts Δi,j for all the measurement points Xi (i=1 to m) are calculated, a total error amount value ΔSj is calculated for a target calculated circle by an expression (Step S6). When this step finishes, calculation of one total error amount value ΔSj for one calculated circle is finished.
For all the number of combinations (n) of three measurement points among the number of measurement points (m), the calculation from Steps S3 to S6 is repeated (Step S7). The calculation is repeated for all the number of combinations (n), and thus one total error amount value ΔSj can be calculated for each calculated circle among (n) calculated circles.
Then, a minimum total error amount value ΔSa is selected from (n) total error amount values ΔSj (j=1 to n) to determine a most probable circle (Step S8). When the most probable circle is determined, a calculated circle value corresponding to each measured value for the most probable circle, that is, a most probable circle calculated circle value can be calculated. From the most probable circle calculated circle value and each measured value Pi, an error amount between the most probable circle and the measured value, that is, a most probable circle error amount Δi,a (i=1 to m, j=a) is determined.
Then, it is determined whether abnormal value determination for each measured value Pi is necessary or not (Step S9).
This procedure is taken for the following reason. Even if the measured value includes an abnormal value, the proper most probable circle is selected and determined. Specifically, a miniscule number of abnormal values generally appear at the number of all measurement points (m) of the measurement point Xi (i=1 to m). Thus, even if the measured value Pi includes an abnormal value, there is always a combination of three points with the measured value Pi that does not include an abnormal value in the process of calculating the calculated circle by the combination of three arbitrary points. Specifically, there is always a calculated circle that does not include an abnormal value, and thus even if the measured value Pi includes an abnormal value, the most probable circle finally determined is a proper most probable circle that does not include an abnormal measured value Pi. Therefore, even if the most probable circle is determined with the measured value Pi including an abnormal value, no problem occurs in determination of the most probable circle. As a result, for simply advancing misalignment calculation work, calculation of misalignment without determination of an abnormal value of each measured value can obtain proper misalignment data of a most probable circle, and the misalignment calculation work can be finished directly.
When abnormal value determination is unnecessary in the process to determine whether abnormal value determination is necessary or not, the misalignment data of the most probable circle (misalignment) is calculated (Step S10) to finish the misalignment calculation work. The misalignment data of the most probable circle is deviation between the center of the most probable circle and the center of rotation O2, and includes a misalignment amount (eccentric distance e) and a misalignment angle. Specifically, the misalignment amount corresponds to the amplitude of a sine curve of the most probable circle, and the misalignment angle corresponds to an initial angle θa. A case where, without determining whether the abnormal value determination is necessary or not, the most probable circle is determined, and the misalignment data of the most probable circle is calculated to finish the work is regarded as substantially the same invention as the present invention. The procedure from calculation of the number of combinations (n) (Step S2) to calculation of the misalignment (Step S10) is performed by the misalignment calculation part 641.
When it is determined that abnormal value determination is necessary, the presence of the abnormal value is checked and the abnormal value is recognized in Steps S11 and S12 below.
Specifically, for the determined most probable circle, an error amount corresponding to the most probable circle is selected among the error amounts Δi,j at the measurement points Xi (i=1 to m) calculated in Step 7 as most probable circle error amounts Δi,a (i=1 to m, j=a), and it is determined whether each of the most probable circle error amounts Δi,a (i=1 to m, j=a) is within a reference value (reference value 1) or not for all the measurement points Xi (i=1 to m) (Step S11).
When the most probable circle error amount Δi,a (for example, i=f, j=a) exceeds the reference value, the measured value Pf (θf, af) for the measurement point Xf is recognized as an abnormal value (Step S12).
When all the most probable circle error amounts Δi,a (i=1 to m, j=a) are within the reference value, it is determined that normal measurement has been performed before the misalignment data of the most probable circle is calculated, and the misalignment calculation work is finished (Step S10). The misalignment data of the most probable circle is a deviation length between the center of the most probable circle and the center of rotation, and includes a misalignment amount (eccentric distance e) and a misalignment angle. Specifically, the misalignment amount corresponds to the amplitude of the sine curve of the most probable circle, and the misalignment angle corresponds to the initial angle θa.
When the measured value Pf is recognized as an abnormal value, the deflection amount detection part 62 remeasures the deflection amounts (radial displacement amount and measured angle) for all the measurement points Xi (i=1 to m), and a remeasured value is obtained from the storage part 63 to replace the measured value Pi (i=1 to m) with the remeasured value (Step S13).
When replacement of each measured value at the measurement points Xi (i=1 to m) is finished, the process returns to Step S2, and recalculation is performed. The calculation procedure in Steps S2 to S9 in
When a simpler axial deformation calculation method is selected, it may be conceivable that the procedure in Steps S11, S12 and S13 is omitted, the misalignment amount and the misalignment angle are calculated irrespective of the presence of the abnormal value (Step S10), and misalignment calculation work of the next rotor disk is performed (Step S14). Such a case has the same basic idea as the present invention and falls within the scope of the present invention.
Subsequently, calculation is repeated to obtain misalignment data of a most probable circle for each of the other rotor disks (Step S14).
With reference to the misalignment data of the most probable circle for all the rotor disks, a misalignment amount having a maximum value is selected as a maximum misalignment amount (Step S15).
The misalignment determination part 642 further determines whether the maximum misalignment amount is within a reference value (reference value 2) or not (Step S16). When the maximum misalignment amount is within the reference value, it is determined that axial deformation of the rotor is within a proper range, and the distribution of axial deformation is calculated (Step S17) to finish axial deformation calculation work.
When the maximum misalignment amount exceeds the reference value, the axial deformation needs to be corrected. A correction method of the axial deformation is determined by the corrected disk selection part 644 and the correction amount determination part 645.
The corrected disk selection part 644 selects a rotor disk having a maximum misalignment amount among the rotor disks as a disk to be corrected (Step S18). The rotor disk having the maximum misalignment amount is the disk to be corrected because axial deformation of the turbine rotor after correction is minimum.
The correction amount determination part 645 determines a disk correction amount provided to the rotor disk to be corrected from the calculated misalignment amount and misalignment angle of the rotor disk. Specifically, the maximum misalignment amount Z calculated in Step S15 is selected as a misalignment correction amount, and a cutting amount of the sectional shape (sections FGR and FGT in
The disk to be corrected is cut to correct the rotor disk 50 (Step S20). Then, the corrected rotor disk is integrated, and then the deflection amount detection part 62 remeasures the deflection amount of the rotor disk 50. The remeasured value is stored in the storage part 63, and for the deflection amount measured value, the initial measured value is replaced with the remeasured value (Step S21). Then, the process returns to the start, and calculation is restarted from the calculation of the number of combinations of three measurement points (Step S2).
This calculation work is repeated by the misalignment determination part 642 until the maximum misalignment amount falls within the reference value (reference value 2) (Step S16). When the maximum misalignment amount falls within the reference value, the distribution of axial deformation is calculated (Step S17) to finish the axial deformation calculation work.
If the axial deformation calculation system of the present invention is applied, axial deformation of the rotor can be calculated by a simpler method than conventional methods. When the measurement including an abnormal value is performed, the abnormal value can be easily eliminated, and a worker can immediately judge whether remeasurement is necessary or not, thereby increasing reliability of the axial deformation calculation work. Also, in the correction work of the rotor disk, the disk to be corrected can be easily specified and the correction amount can be easily determined, and the axial deformation can be easily performed.
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind | 371c Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2008/061865 | 6/30/2008 | WO | 00 | 3/19/2010 |
