Patent Application
20130131546
The present invention generally relates to a method and system for facilitating the collection and processing of biological material from a patient. More particularly, the present invention relates to systems and methods for collecting and processing bone marrow.
In general, bone marrow is aspirated using a bone marrow aspiration needle. Such needles include a hollow body member, in which a stylet is inserted and used to puncture the outer cortical bone of a patient. Once the cortical bone has been penetrated, the stylet is removed and a needle is inserted in its place. Then the desired bone marrow is aspirated via the needle. Typically, prior art methods of bone marrow collection involve the use of a syringe functionally attached to a bone marrow aspiration needle. Bone marrow is withdrawn into the syringe and the syringe is then disconnected from the aspiration needle and either used in a procedure directly, or connected to an external device for concentration or storage. For many procedures, the amount of bone marrow collected cannot be extracted in a single syringe draw.
Many prior art bone marrow collection systems are open systems, which allow the bone marrow to be exposed to the environment, and thus subject to contamination. Generally, such systems require multiple connections or disconnections between collection and processing components, including the aspiration needle, in order to collect enough bone marrow to be useful for a particular application or to collect enough bone marrow for concentration and later use. Each connection or disconnection is an opportunity for contamination and loss of valuable bone marrow aspirate. Also, undesired tissue can sometimes clog or otherwise obstruct parts of the collection system.
Thus, a need exists for a bone marrow collection system that minimizes potential for exposure of the bone marrow aspirate to the outside environment and contamination, and allows for the collection of relatively large significant amounts of bone marrow.
In a first aspect, the invention includes a system for collecting and processing bone marrow. The system includes a first syringe, a bone marrow aspirate collection container, a tube assembly in fluid flow communication with the bone marrow aspiration needle, the first syringe and the collection container. The bone marrow aspiration needle includes a guide configured to puncture cortical bone and may be hollow to allow for the aspiration of bone marrow therethrough. The tube assembly allows the bone marrow aspirate to flow from the bone marrow aspiration needle to the first syringe and from the first syringe to the collection container. A second syringe is connected to the collection container to allow the bone marrow aspirate to be removed from the collection container. A bone marrow aspirate filter is located between the bone marrow aspiration needle and the second syringe to filter bone marrow aspirate. One or more flow controllers, such as clamps, are located in the system direct the flow of bone marrow aspirate between the aspiration needle, the first syringe and the collection container.
The present invention also includes a method for facilitating the collection and processing of bone marrow. The method includes providing a bone marrow aspiration needle and connecting a tube assembly in fluid flow communication with the bone marrow aspiration needle. A first syringe is connected in fluid flow communication with the tube assembly and the bone marrow aspiration needle to allow bone marrow aspirate to flow from the bone marrow aspiration needle tube into the first syringe. A bone marrow aspirate collection container is connected in fluid flow communication with the first syringe and the tube assembly to allow the bone marrow aspirate to flow from the first syringe into the collection container. A second syringe is connected to the collection container to allow the bone marrow aspirate to be removed from the collection container into the second syringe. A bone marrow aspirate filter is located between the bone marrow aspiration needle and the second syringe to filter bone marrow aspirate from the bone marrow aspiration needle into the second syringe. One or more flow controllers, such as clamps, configured to direct the flow of bone marrow aspirate.
The invention further includes a method for collecting and processing bone marrow. The method includes using a bone marrow aspiration needle and guide to puncture cortical bone, and aspirating bone marrow through a hollow portion of the bone marrow aspiration needle, needle, flowing the bone marrow aspirate from the bone marrow aspiration needle through the tube assembly and into a first syringe, flowing the bone marrow aspirate from the first syringe into a collection container removing the bone marrow aspirate from the collection container into a second syringe connected to the collection container, filtering the bone marrow aspirate from the first syringe using a bone marrow aspirate filter and controlling the flow of bone marrow aspirate between the aspiration needle, the first syringe and the collection container using one or more flow controllers.
These, and other objects, features and advantages of this invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of the various aspects of the invention taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
The invention includes a system for collecting and processing bone marrow including a bone marrow aspiration needle and guide configured to puncture cortical bone, the needle being hollow to allow for the aspiration of bone marrow therethrough. The system also includes a first syringe, a bone marrow aspirate collection container, a tube assembly, to allow bone marrow aspirate to flow from the bone marrow aspiration needle to the first syringe and from the first syringe to the collection container. A second syringe is connected to the collection container to allow the bone marrow aspirate to be removed from the collection container into the second syringe. A bone marrow aspirate filters bone marrow from the bone marrow aspiration needle prior to transfer into the second syringe. One or more flow controllers, such as clamps, are used to direct the flow of bone marrow aspirate between the aspiration needle, the first syringe and the collection container.
The system is a closed system wherein bone marrow aspirate from the bone marrow aspiration needle is isolated from the environment when processed through the system including the tube assembly, collection container, syringes and filter. Contaminants are prevented from entering the system from the air or environment after the duct assembly is connected to the aspiration needle. Also, connections of various components of the system such as, for example, the second syringe to the bone marrow aspirate filter are sterile connections, as are well known in the art.
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The bone marrow aspiration needle (100) may be of any suitable form to extract bone marrow from the patient's bone. An example of a bone marrow aspiration needle that is suitable for use in the present invention is found in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/303,345 filed on Nov. 23, 2011 by Azimpoor et al. entitled Bone Aspiration Device and Needle, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.
The tube assembly (130) may be made of a variety of materials such as a flexible plastic or rubber tubing. Many embodiments of this aspect of the present invention will employ flexible tubing may be used for the tube assembly.
The collection container (120) may vary according to aspects of the present invention. Exemplary bone marrow aspirate collection containers (120) include, for example, flexible bags such as blood bags as are well known in the art. Such bags are sterilizable prior to use. In certain embodiments, the collection container may have patient identifying information on it. Additionally, the collection container may be of a variety of sizes and capacities, depending upon the amount of bone marrow aspirate required and/or the amount or nature of any additives that may be present for a particular procedure. Preferably, the second syringe is connected to the bone marrow aspirate collection container opposite the end where the first syringe is operably connected. This facilitates the transfer of aspirate from the container to the second syringe without turning the container upside down. With this configuration the container may be hung so that gravity may assist the flow of aspirate from connection (190) to second syringe (140).
Syringes suitable for use according to this aspect of the invention may be any variety of syringes capable of being connected to the systems of the present invention in a closed, or sterile, manner. The specific size and storage capacity of each syringe may vary in an application dependent manner, depending upon how much bone marrow is required for a particular application of the present invention.
The connections between the syringes, container, filter, tube assembly and aspiration needle are preferably sterile connections, but various connections may be used including spikable, luer lock and luer slip connections. The sterile connections maintain a sterile environment for the bone marrow aspirate as it flows through the various aspects of the present invention, without exposing the aspirate to the outside environment. Also each of these components may be sterilized prior to connection with other components of this aspect of the invention, or the entire system may be sterilized after assembly is complete, so long as the assembled systems are sterile or otherwise suitable to collect and store medically usable bone marrow.
The present invention also includes a method for facilitating the collection and processing of bone marrow.
The invention includes a method for collecting and processing bone marrow, the method including the steps of using a bone marrow aspiration needle and guide configured to puncture cortical bone. Bone marrow is aspirated through a hollow portion of the bone marrow aspiration needle (100). Typically, a stylet is inserted into the bone marrow aspiration needle (100), and a hammer is used to drive the bone marrow aspiration needle through the cortical bone. The tube assembly (130) is connected in fluid flow communication with the bone marrow aspiration needle (100). Bone marrow aspirate is flowed from the bone marrow aspiration needle (100) through the tube assembly (130) and into a first syringe (110), which in fluid flow communication with the tube assembly (130) and the bone marrow aspiration needle (100). The first syringe (110) may include anticoagulant therein to prevent coagulation of the bone marrow therein. The bone marrow aspirate is then flowed from the first syringe (110) into a collection container (120), which is in fluid flow communication with the first syringe and the tube assembly (130). The collection container may also contain anticoagulant therein, if desired. The bone marrow aspirate is removed from the collection container (120) into a second syringe (140), which is connected to the collection container. The bone marrow aspirate is filtered using a bone marrow aspirate filter (150), within the tube assembly and located between the collection container (120) and the second syringe (140). The flow control clamps (160 and 161) are manipulated to allow bone marrow to flow from the bone marrow aspiration needle (100) through the tube assembly (130) and into the first syringe (110) without also flowing toward bone marrow collection container (120).
Certain steps may vary according to where the bone marrow aspirate filter is physically located within the system used to practice the present method. According to the alternative method, after the bone marrow aspirate is made to flow into a first syringe (110), the bone marrow aspirate may be made to flow into the bone marrow collection container (120), then be filtered by the bone marrow aspirate filter (150), and finally caused to flow into a second syringe (140). Alternatively, the bone marrow aspirate may be filtered through the bone marrow aspirate filter, then transferred into the bone marrow aspirate collection container, and finally into the second syringe. In this case, the flow control clamps are manipulated so that bone marrow aspirate flows from the first syringe through tube assembly, through bone marrow aspirate filter and into the bone marrow collection container without also flowing through the tube assembly into the bone marrow aspiration needle. Transfer of the bone marrow aspirate collection container to the second syringe may be provided by a user drawing back the plunger of second syringe.
The system of the present invention is operable as a closed system wherein the bone marrow aspirate is not exposed to the environment after it flows from the aspirate needle or once the duct assembly is corrected to the aspiration needle. The duct assembly, first syringe, flow controllers, bone marrow aspirate collection container, bone marrow aspirate filter, and second syringe may be pre-connected prior to use of the system. In this regard, only the connection of the duct assembly to the aspirate needle need be performed by the user. And, this connection may be facilitated using sterile or closed connection devices or techniques. Alternatively, some components of the system may not be pre-connected, such as for example, the second syringe and the bone marrow aspirate collection container and/or for example, the bone marrow aspirate collection container and the duct assembly. If such components are not pre-connected, they may be connected by the user of the system during the collection process. In such a situation, sterile or closed connection techniques should be utilized to prevent contamination of the bone marrow and its exposure to the environment.
Aspects of the invention are suitable for use in a variety of bone marrow processing applications, including use in removal and processing of vertebral bone marrow.
While several aspects of the present invention have been described and depicted herein, alternative aspects may be affected by those skilled in the art to accomplish the same objectives. Accordingly, it is intended by the appended claims to cover all such alternative aspects as fall within the true spirit and scope of the invention.
