This application is related to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/721,117, entitled “Database Structure and Front End,” naming Dominic Bennett and Dan Hu as inventors, filed on Nov. 25, 2003 (the “Bennett Disclosure”). That application is concurrently owned by the assignee hereof.
The present invention relates to database employment and management. In particular, it relates to report generation and use in a client-server OLAP environment.
A problem with current database reporting systems is the inability of large-scale database systems to accommodate multiple reports on a client system. Reports in OLAP systems can be large and cumbersome, requiring considerable time to run, even on speedy systems, and considerable data storage resources when they are completed. Storage of multiple datasets used in the reporting process is generally not possible.
Further, as a corollary of that fact, users cannot run multiple reports simultaneously. That limitation poses particular problems to analysts who need to look at data from a number of viewpoints, requiring multiple reports.
The art has not approached these issues, creating a need that has remained unmet until the event of the invention claimed herein.
An aspect of the invention is a method of creating user-generated reports. The method begins with the step of receiving information related to consumer internet behavior. That information is then assembled into a database having facts and dimensions, in which the database resides on a server, the server being connected to a communications network. The method then provides a report generation system, including a report generation module resident on the server. The module generates a report, beginning with accepting user criteria for generating a report from a front end system resident on a client computer. It then generates from the database a dataset corresponding to the first report and forwards the same to the client computer, and it displays the report generated from the first dataset. The module then reiterates the report generation steps to generate a second report, the first report remaining resident on the client computer.
a illustrates a dataset model employed in an embodiment of the invention claimed herein.
b depicts report control windows as employed in an embodiment of the invention claimed herein.
a-6c depict report control windows as employed in an embodiment of the invention claimed herein.
The following detailed description is made with reference to the figures. Preferred embodiments are described to illustrate the present invention, not to limit its scope, which is defined by the claims. Those of ordinary skill in the art will recognize a variety of equivalent variations on the description that follows.
A client-server system for managing an OLAP database, including preparing reports based on the same, was presented in the Bennett Disclosure, cited above. The architecture taught there is summarized in
It will be understood that both the client and server computers operate a variety of software applications, such as operating systems, net browsers and various other programs. The present disclosure focuses on specific applications programs, and those are the only programs illustrated below.
The server 110 includes an OLAP database 12, with a database management program 14 in operative communication with the same. The client system 100 includes a front end program 24, devoted to interacting with the database manager 14, as explained in the Bennett disclosure. One subsystem of the front end program is a reporter 26, which accepts user commands and specifications related to report generation; receives a dataset 32 associated with the report; generates the report 34, based on the dataset, user specific inputs, and preset user preferences; and displays the report to the user.
One embodiment of the OLAP database 112 may comprise a set of hierarchy tables 120 (denoted here as 120-1, 120-2, . . . 120-n), a dimension control table 122, and a hierarchy control table 124. Hierarchy tables 120 may comprise a database table configured to have dimensions and facts, with each fact being associated with a single dimension or combination of dimensions. Hierarchy tables 120 are arranged in a hierarchical topology, with the lowest level hierarchy table 120 having the most number of dimensions, the next higher level hierarchy table 120 having less dimensions than the lowest hierarchy table 120, the next higher level hierarchy table 120 having less dimensions than the next hierarchy table 120, and so on. That is, the hierarchy tables 120 may be configured as follows:
First Level (Lowest Level) Hierarchy Table:
Second Level Hierarchy Table:
Third Level Hierarchy Table:
The hierarchical levels allow for faster data access in a level “n” compared to a level “n−1”. That is, data can be accessed faster in the higher levels. The idea is to minimize the number of rows by eliminating dimensions successively. The elimination of dimensions results in smaller tables, which results in faster data access.
In one embodiment, the dimensions and facts in hierarchy tables 120 relate to online advertising. The dimensions may include advertisements, campaigns, contracts, and other advertising data, and facts relate to specific exposures of advertising to consumers (“impressions”). As a further example, each advertisement may belong to one or more advertising campaigns, with each advertising campaign being associated with one or more contracts, and so on. The facts may include impressions (i.e., displaying of an advertisement) and clicks on impressions. Thus, for each particular value of advertisement, campaigns, contracts, or combinations thereof there may be a corresponding impressions value and clicks value. For example, a particular advertisement for a particular advertising campaign may have 2,000 impressions. As another example, a particular advertising campaign with an associated contract may have resulted in 4,000 impressions and 1,000 clicks on the impressions. Of course, the number and type of dimensions and facts, and their corresponding values, may vary to meet the needs of specific applications.
Each hierarchy table 120 may be structured with facts for a particular combination of dimensions. As a particular example, assume that an exhaustive list of dimensions consists of advertisement, advertising campaign, and contract, a first (lowest) level hierarchy table 120 will include facts (e.g., impressions, clicks, or both) for the dimensions advertisement, advertising campaign, contract, or combinations thereof. Then, a second level hierarchy table 120 will include facts for the dimensions advertisement, advertising campaign, or combinations thereof, and so on. That is, for a particular number of dimensions, a hierarchy table 120 exists, containing the corresponding facts. In one embodiment, hierarchy tables 120 are manually populated using data from a data warehouse (not shown). Hierarchy tables 120 may also be populated using a script, for example. As can be appreciated, extracting data from a hierarchy table is generally faster than extracting data from an entire database. Hierarchy tables 120 thus provide a database structure that advantageously allows for relatively fast data access.
It is important to understand that the front end 114 is “thought” about the exhaustive list of all dimensions and facts, the relationship between each dimension (i.e. the hierarchy), the table names of each level of aggregation and the dimensions available in each aggregate table, the type of each dimension i.e. free form, tree or list box by using control tables. Thus, the front end can be thought of in the nature of metadata concerning the contents of the OLAP database.
In one embodiment, a dimension in an OLAP database 112 may be one of three kinds of dimensions namely, “pull-down,” “tree,” or “free-form.” A pull-down dimension may have a value that is selectable from a pull-down menu. For example, assuming “advertisement” is a pull-down dimension, the values “Ad1” for a first advertisement or “Ad2” for a second advertisement may be selected in a pull-down menu for “advertisement.” A tree dimension may have a value that is selectable from a hierarchical tree structure. For example, assuming “category” is a tree dimension, the values “automotive” for web pages relating to automotives or “travel” for travel-related web pages may be selected in a tree structure for “category.” In the tree structure, the value “hotel” may be included as branching off the value “travel.” A free-form dimension may have a value that may be entered without choosing from available selections. For example, assuming “revenue” is a free-form dimension, allowing a user to enter any revenue amount for “revenue.”
As further shown in
An OLAP database 112 may also include a hierarchy control table 124. A hierarchy control table 124 may comprise information indicative of the data structure of the OLAP database 112. In one embodiment, a hierarchy control table 124 identifies each hierarchy table 120, the hierarchical order of the hierarchy tables 120, and the dimensions included in each hierarchy table 120. A hierarchy control table 124 may thus be consulted to identify the highest level hierarchy table 120 containing a particular set of dimensions and filters. Note that the highest level hierarchy table containing a particular set of dimensions and filters would advantageously have the least number of rows among hierarchy tables that also contain the set of dimensions and filters.
The general role of the front end is to optimally obtain that slice of the OLAP cube that contains all the data that the user is interested in viewing and displaying that slice of the OLAP cube in exactly the format that the user wishes to view. The filter page allows the user to slice the OLAP cube using criteria on the dimensions. The layout page allows the user to specify the format of the report.
Still referring to
A layout screen 132 allows a user to select dimensions and facts of interest. The selected dimensions and facts will be the basis of a subsequently run report. Generally speaking, a layout screen 132 allows the user to specify the format of the report.
A filter screen 134 accepts dimensions that will be used as filters to the dimensions and facts selected in a layout screen 132. The general role of a front end program 114 is to optimally obtain that slice of an OLAP cube that contains all the data that the user is interested in viewing, and displaying that slice of the OLAP cube in exactly the format that the user wishes to view. In that regard, a filter screen 134 allows the user to slice the OLAP cube using filters on the dimensions.
In one embodiment, a front end program 114 has minimal processing load to allow it to adapt to a changing OLAP database 112 and to allow it to be more portable to other databases. Accordingly, in one embodiment, a front end program 114 works in a client-server relationship with an OLAP database 112 and is driven by tables in the OLAP database 112. This advantageously obviates the need for hard coding of available dimensions in the front end program 114 and offloads the processing burden to the OLAP database 112 (which may be running in a relatively fast server computer). For example, the front end program 114 may receive a dimensions control table 122 and display the exhaustive list of dimensions and facts in the dimensions control table 122 in a separate window.
A front end program that offloads the majority of processing to a server computer is especially important in online advertising. Unlike in mail order or catalog advertising applications, advertisement delivery over the Internet is essentially free in that an advertiser can send additional advertisements without incurring substantial additional cost. This results in a relatively large volume of impression data. A front end program 114 advantageously allows a client computer to access large amounts of data by using a back end server to do the “heavy lifting.” This will have the desirable effect of scalability by essentially scaling the back end as opposed to being reliant on client computer resources (which in many ways are outside the control of the programmer). This also allows for robust programming and the ability to retrieve data even with relatively old or low capacity client computers.
A reporter 136 provides a report based on the dimensions and facts selected by a user in a layout screen 132 as filtered by the dimensions the user selected in a filter screen 134. The result may be viewed in a reporter 136. The dimensions for the report may be further configured by specifying new dimensions. An OLAP database 112 may have to be re-queried if the saved view does not include the data for the new dimensions, or if the user elects to rerun the view.
In the reporting system of the prior art, shown in
Datasets 162 and 164 are preferably structured as shown in the data diagram
Alternatively, it may be advantageous to run a report on the server rather than on the client computer. To provide for that eventuality, there is provided a remote report manager module 138, a component of reporter 136, shown in
Generation and display of reports can be controlled as shown in the screenshots of
A basic report control window 602 is shown in
b shows the same window in a different view, showing the Background tab. This button facilitates production of a single report, as shown. Management of all reports submitted can be accomplished in a separate window, shown in
While the present invention is disclosed by reference to the preferred embodiments and examples detailed above, it is understood that these examples are intended in an illustrative rather than in a limiting sense. It is contemplated that modifications and combinations will readily occur to those skilled in the art, which modifications and combinations will be within the spirit of the invention and the scope of the following claims.
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Number | Date | Country | |
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20080162562 A1 | Jul 2008 | US |