The present disclosure relates to a wheeled vehicle, and more particularly, to a system and method for providing torque assist in a wheeled vehicle.
Many wheeled vehicles such as off-highway trucks may be used for commercial, work, or other similar applications. In some cases, a layout of a prime mover and a transmission included in these wheeled vehicles may be characteristic of a front-wheel drive (FWD) setup in which the prime mover e.g., an engine or an electric motor and the transmission are configured to provide torque to a set of front wheels alone. In other cases, these vehicles may be characteristic of a rear-wheel drive (RWD) vehicle in which the prime mover and the transmission are configured to provide torque to a set of rear wheels alone. In a vehicle having a FWD or a RWD setup, the vehicle may rely on torque provided to either of the front wheels or the rear wheels alone to propel the vehicle.
When poor traction conditions are present or when such vehicles encounter gradients in their path of travel, it may become difficult to propel these vehicles considering that the torque is available only at the front wheels or the rear wheels alone. Some previously known strategies have been developed to overcome the aforementioned shortcoming by providing an all-wheel drive system to the vehicle. For instance, U.S. Pat. No. 6,508,328 (hereinafter referred to as “the '328 patent”) relates to a hydrostatic transmission that is used as part of an all-wheel drive (AWD) system of a motor grader. The '328 patent discloses that each front wheel of the motor grader includes its own drive system comprising a pump, a hydraulic motor, and a bypass valve that is provided to protect the hydraulic motor from cavitation conditions. The bypass valve also facilitates the hydrostatic transmission to avoid occurrences of “hydrostatic braking” and therefore, avoid wastage of otherwise usable power.
The hydrostatic transmission of the '328 patent has been disclosed in conjunction with a motor grader for rendering the motor grader as an AWD vehicle. Although the hydrostatic transmission of the '328 patent, when operational, can render a motor grade as an AWD vehicle, it will be acknowledged that a motor grader would typically encounter working conditions different from those that are likely to be experienced by other types of FWD or RWD vehicles, such as off-highway trucks. Therefore, it may be helpful to provide a system to such other types of FWD or RWD vehicles so that such other types of FWD or RWD vehicles can operatively mimic an AWD vehicle when poor traction conditions are present or when such other types of FWD or RWD vehicles encounter gradients in their path of travel.
In one aspect of the present disclosure, a system for providing torque assist in a vehicle having a first set of wheels and a second set of wheels includes a hydrostatic transmission, multiple speed sensors, and a controller. The hydrostatic transmission includes a pair of pumps in which each of the pumps is configured to output pressurized fluid therefrom. The hydrostatic transmission also includes a pair of hydraulic motors that are fluidly coupled to the pair of pumps and the first set of wheels such that each hydraulic motor is configured to be driven by pressurized fluid output from a corresponding one of the pumps.
The speed sensors are associated with the first and second sets of wheels. Each speed sensor is configured to output a wheel speed associated with a corresponding one of the first and second sets of wheels. The controller is disposed in communication with each speed sensor and each pump from the pair of pumps. The controller is configured to compute an aggression factor for the first set of wheels from a ratio between an average of the wheel speeds for the second set of wheels and an average of the wheel speeds for the first set of wheels, determine if the aggression factor is greater than a first predefined limit, and selectively actuate operation of the pair of pumps to drive the pair of hydraulic motors so that corresponding ones of the planetary gear sets are rotatively driven to provide torque to corresponding ones of the first set of wheels.
In an additional aspect of the present disclosure, these pumps are variable displacement bi-directional pumps. Also, in a further aspect of the present disclosure, the controller is configured to independently operate each pump from the pair of pumps until the aggression factor is less than the first predefined limit.
In yet an additional aspect of the present disclosure, the hydrostatic transmission further includes a pair of planetary gear sets that are disposed between and coupled to corresponding ones of the pair of hydraulic motors and the first set of wheels. Each planetary gear set includes a sun gear that is configured to remain stationary, multiple planet gears that are disposed in mesh with the sun gear, and a planet carrier that is rigidly coupled to the plurality of planet gears and an output shaft of a corresponding one of the hydraulic motors. Additionally, each planetary gear set further comprises a ring gear that is disposed in mesh with the planet gears and coupled to a corresponding one of the first set of wheels.
In yet an additional aspect of this disclosure, each of the hydraulic motors is a radial piston motor having a casing, a cam ring that is defined on an inner surface of the casing, and a block that is rotatably disposed within the casing. The block is configured to define multiple cylinders radially arranged therein. Also, this block would be coupled to the planet carrier of a corresponding planetary gear set. The radial piston motor further includes pistons that are slidably disposed in corresponding ones of the cylinders defined in the block. These pistons are biased against the cam ring and rotatively drive the block in response to a receipt of pressurized fluid serially in the cylinders of the block from a corresponding one of the pumps via a distribution valve.
In another aspect of this disclosure, the hydrostatic transmission includes at least one electronically controlled valve disposed in communication with the controller. The at least one electronically controlled valve is configured to selectively allow flow from each of the pumps to corresponding ones of the hydraulic motors.
In a further aspect of the present disclosure, the system also includes a pair of pressure sensors that are disposed in communication with the controller. Each pressure sensor would be configured to output a value that is indicative of pressure between each pump and a corresponding one of the hydraulic motors. In response to a receipt of pressure values from the pair of pressure sensors, the controller could be configured to determine a difference in pressure values between the pair of pressure sensors, determine whether a difference in torque between the first set of wheels, obtained from a correlation of the difference in pressure values, is larger than a second predefined limit, and selectively vary an amount of displacement associated with at least one of the pumps until the wheel speed associated with each wheel from the first set of wheels is equal.
Further, aspects of this disclosure are also directed to a vehicle having a first set of wheels, a second set of wheels, and employing the system disclosed herein to provide torque assist to the first set of wheels. Furthermore, aspects of this disclosure have also been directed to a method for providing torque assist in a vehicle.
Other features and aspects of this disclosure will be apparent from the following description and the accompanying drawings.
Reference will now be made in detail to specific aspects or features, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Wherever possible, corresponding or similar reference numbers will be used throughout the drawings to refer to the same or corresponding parts.
Although the vehicle 100 shown in
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The present disclosure relates to a system 200 for providing torque assist in the vehicle 100. For sake of the present disclosure, the pair of steering wheels 104e and 104f will hereinafter be referred to as “the first set of wheels” and denoted by identical alpha-numerals “104e” and “104f”. Moreover, when references are made to the first set of wheels 104e. 104f in the singular, the first set of wheels 104e, 104f may be regarded as having a front right (FR) wheel and a front left (FL) wheel each of which are denoted with identical alpha-numerals “104e” and “104f” respectively.
Similarly, the set of powered wheels 104a-104d will hereinafter be referred to as “the second set of wheels” and denoted by identical alpha-numerals “104a-104d”. Moreover, the second set of wheels 104a-104d may be regarded as being inclusive of a right set of second wheels 104a-104b, and a left set of second wheels 104c-104d.
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The hydrostatic transmission 202 also includes a pair of hydraulic motors 210 that are associated with the first set of wheels 104e-104f and each hydraulic motor 210e-210f is configured to be driven by pressurized fluid output from a corresponding one of the pumps 208e-208f. As shown, these hydraulic motors 210e-210f are fluidly coupled to the pair of pumps 208e-208f in a closed loop fashion using a first fluid line 212e and a second fluid line 212f respectively.
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During operation of the vehicle 100, the controller 206 is configured to compute an aggression factor for the first set of wheels 104e-104f from a ratio between an average of the wheel speeds for the second set of wheels 104a-104d and an average of the wheel speeds for the first set of wheels 104e-104f. The controller 206 then determines if the aggression factor is greater than a first predefined limit, and selectively actuates operation of the pair of pumps 208e-208f to drive the pair of hydraulic motors 210e-210f so that corresponding ones of the planetary gear sets 214e-214f are rotatively driven to provide torque to corresponding ones of the first set of wheels 104e-104f. Also, the controller 206 disclosed herein would be configured to independently and selectively operate each pump 208e-208f from the pair of pumps 208 until the aggression factor is less than the first predefined limit.
In yet another aspect of this disclosure as shown in
In a further aspect of the present disclosure as shown in
It may be noted that in embodiments of the present disclosure, the controller 206 is configured with suitable algorithms, programs, circuitry such as, but not limited to, power supply circuitry, signal conditioning circuitry, solenoid driver circuitry, alarm driving circuitry, and the like for executing functionality consistent with the present disclosure. Moreover, algorithms and programs associated with the controller 206 can reside on one or more devices known to persons skilled in the art. Some examples of such devices may include, but is not limited to, read only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), floppy disks, compact disks, portable hard disks, and the like. Such devices may be contemplated and suitably implemented by one skilled in the art, in conjunction with the controller 206 to execute functions that are consistent with the present disclosure.
The method 400 then proceeds from step 406 to step 408 in which the method 400 includes determining if the aggression factor is greater than a first predefined limit. If so, then the method 400 proceeds from step 408 to step 410 in which the method 400 includes actuating operation of the pair of pumps 208e-208f, by means of the controller 206, for driving the pair of hydraulic motors 210e-210f so that corresponding ones of the planetary gear sets 214c-214f are rotatively driven to provide torque to corresponding ones of the first set of wheels 104e-104f.
However, if at step 408, the controller 206 determines that the aggression factor is less than the first predefined limit, then the method 400 may be configured to loop from step 408 to step 404 in which the wheel speeds of the first and second sets of wheels 104a-104f are measured for subsequently performing steps 406-408 disclosed herein for realizing functions that are consistent with the present disclosure.
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Embodiments of the present disclosure have applicability for use in providing torque assist in a wheeled vehicle. The system 200 of the present disclosure, when implemented in a vehicle having a conventionally known RWD or FWD setup can help such wheeled vehicles to mimic an all-wheel drive (AWD) setup and help improve use of an overall tractive effort for the wheeled vehicle when poor traction conditions exist in the path of travel for such wheeled vehicles or when such wheeled vehicles are required to travel uphill in which such wheeled vehicles would otherwise typically rely on torque that was previously provided to either of the front wheels or the rear wheels alone.
Implementation of the system 200 disclosed herein may also serve as a cost-effective alternative to installation of an otherwise expensive mechanical transmission setup such as a transmission and a differential system. Also, with use of a “hystat” radial base piston motor for each of the hydraulic motors 210 disclosed herein, it is envisioned that the hydraulic motors 210 are imparted with adequate robustness. As known to persons skilled in the art, these “hydrostat” radial base piston motors are generally capable of withstanding high loads and subsequently high fluid pressure to counteract the high amounts of load, typically experienced by wheeled vehicles including, but not limited to, off-highway trucks, dump trucks, and the like. Therefore, the hydraulic motors 210 disclosed herein may exhibit improved reliability in operation and require little to no maintenance even when subject to severe loading conditions or with use for a prolonged period of time.
While aspects of the present disclosure have been particularly shown and described with reference to the embodiments above, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various additional embodiments may be contemplated by the modification of the disclosed vehicles, systems and methods without departing from the spirit and scope of what is disclosed. Such embodiments should be understood to fall within the scope of the present disclosure as determined based upon the claims and any equivalents thereof.