Patent Application
20120159612
The present invention relates generally to the use of a secure digital password key ring, and more particularly to a system for securely storing a digital password key ring in a secure element on a portable communication device.
Wireless transactions using RFID-based proximity cards are fairly common place. For instance, many workers use RFID keycards to gain access to their workplace and drivers use RFID passes to pay tolls at highway speeds. RFID, which stands for radio-frequency identification, uses electromagnetic waves to exchange data between a terminal and some object for the purpose of identification. More recently, companies have been trying to use RFIDs with cellular telephones to implement a mobile electronic payment product (i.e. credit and/or debit card). However, basic RFID technology raises a number of security concerns that have
Near Field Communication (NFC) is another technology that uses electromagnetic waves to exchange data. NFC waves are only transmitted over a short-range (on the order of a few inches) and at high-frequencies. NFC devices are already being used to make payments at point of sale devices. NFC is an open standard (see, e.g. ISO/IEC 18092) specifying modulation schemes, coding, transfer speeds and RF interface. There has been wider adoption of NFC as a communication platform because it provides better security for financial transactions and access control. Other short distance communication protocols are known and may gain acceptance for use in supporting financial transactions and access control.
Many applications have been developed for use in association with portable communications devices. Some of these applications would benefit from having access to electronic funds to facilitate the consumer's consummation of electronic transactions via those applications, such as the purchase of goods over the Internet. Other applications have no purpose if they cannot access the secure data subsystem of the portable communication device. Still other applications used in association with portable communication devices may have no need or means for accessing electronic funds or the secure data subsystem, but would benefit from robust security protocols—for example, password manager application for storing passwords and PIN codes (generically referred to as “passwords”), or a mobile database application that stores personally identifiable information or other confidential information. In the case of a password manager, such password managers are well known to allow users to manage one or more passwords in a single location or database (referred to as a “password key ring”). Current applications provide some security, but are vulnerable to hacking or leakage of data or information.
Card issuers are interested in facilitating the option to pay for application usage and ecommerce using their credit/debit card products. Notwithstanding their self-interest in enabling third party applications to access their financial products, the card issuers may have serious security concerns about broad distribution of security protocols. Similarly, the third party developers may not be interested in developing financial product subroutines. Accordingly, there is a need in the industry for an electronic wallet that is accessible by third party programs to facilitate the payment of charges associated with the use of those programs. The application accessible electronic wallet may also be used via direct access by the consumer to the mobile application. Moreover, secure elements are designed to self-destruct if someone tries to improperly access the data stored within or physically tamper with the card. Thus, there is a need for an intermediary to provide safe access for third-party applications to the secure element to minimize the occurrence of inadvertent self-destruction of secure elements.
Accordingly, the present invention seeks to provide one or more solutions to the foregoing problems and related problems as would be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art having the present specification before them. These and other objects and advantages of the present disclosure will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art having the present drawings, specifications, and claims before them. It is intended that all such additional systems, methods, features, and advantages be included within this description, be within the scope of the disclosure, and be protected by the accompanying claims.
The present invention involves, in one embodiment, a system for storing one or more passwords on a portable communication device having a secured element and a user interface, the system comprising memory associated with the secure element; a card management module operably associated with the portable communication device and with the secure element capable of controlling the secured element to facilitate writing to and reading from the memory; a graphical user interface operably connected via the user interface of the portable communication device with the card management module, the graphical user interface providing for input of the one or more passwords into the memory via the card management module and for viewing the one or more passwords so stored in the memory.
In one embodiment, the memory associated with the secure element may be within the secure element. Alternatively, the memory associated with the secure element is outside the secure element and an encryption key is used to encrypt contents of the memory. In one embodiment, the encryption key is stored within the secured element. The memory may be located within the portable communication device.
In another embodiment, the secure element may include a pseudo-random number generator, the graphical user interface further comprising an interface for creating passwords with portions generated by the pseudo-random number generator.
In still another embodiment, the operable connection between the card management module and the graphical user interface is a trusted connection.
For a better understanding of the present disclosure, non-limiting and non-exhaustive embodiments are described in reference to the following drawings. In the drawings, like reference numerals refer to like parts through all the various figures unless otherwise specified.
The present invention now will be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof, and which show, by way of illustration, specific exemplary embodiments by which the invention may be practiced. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art. Among other things, the present invention may be embodied as methods or devices. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. The following detailed description is, therefore, not to be taken in a limiting sense.
The present invention provides a system and method that can be utilized with a variety of different portable communication devices, including but not limited to PDA's, cellular phones, smart phones, laptops, tablet computers, and other mobile devices that include cellular voice and data service as well as preferable access to consumer downloadable applications. One such portable communication device could be an iPhone, Motorola RAZR or DROID; however, the present invention is preferably platform and device independent. For example, the portable communication device technology platform may be Microsoft Windows Mobile, Microsoft Windows Phone 7, Palm OS, RIM Blackberry OS, Apple OS, Android OS, Symbian, Java or any other technology platform. For purposes of this disclosure, the present invention has been generally described in accordance with features and interfaces that are optimized for a smart phone utilizing a generalized platform, although one skilled in the art would understand that all such features and interfaces may also be used and adapted for any other platform and/or device.
The portable communication device would likely include one or more short proximity electromagnetic communication devices, such as an NFC, RFID, or Bluetooth transceiver. It is presently preferred to use an NFC baseband that is Compliant with NFC IP 1 standards (www.nfcforum.org), which provides standard functions like peer-to-peer data exchange, reader-writer mode (i.e. harvesting of information from RFID tags), and contactless card emulation (per the NFC IP 1 and ISO 14443 standards) when paired with a secure element on the portable communication device and presented in front of a “contactless payment reader” (see below at point of sale). As would be understood in the art by those having the present specification, figures, and claims before them, the NFC IP 1 standards are simply the presently preferred example, which could be exported—in whole or in part—for use in association with any other proximity communication standard. It is further preferred that the portable communication device include an NFC/RFID antenna (conformed to NFC IP 1 and ISO 14443 standards) to enable near field communications. However, as would be understood in the art NFC/RFID communications may be accomplished albeit over even shorter ranges and potential read problems.
The portable communication device also preferably includes a mobile network interface to establish and manage wireless communications with a mobile network operator. The mobile network interface uses one or more communication protocols and technologies including, but not limited to, global system for mobile communication (GSM), 3G, 4G, code division multiple access (CDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), user datagram protocol (UDP), transmission control protocol/Internet protocol (TCP/IP), SMS, general packet radio service (GPRS), WAP, ultra wide band (UWB), IEEE 802.16 Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMax), SIP/RTP, or any of a variety of other wireless communication protocols to communicate with the mobile network of a mobile network operator. Accordingly, the mobile network interface may include as a transceiver, transceiving device, or network interface card (NIC). It is contemplated that the mobile network interface and short proximity electromagnetic communication device could share a transceiver or transceiving device, as would be understood in the art by those having the present specification, figures, and claims before them.
The portable communication device further includes a user interface that provides some means for the consumer to receive information as well as to input information or otherwise respond to the received information. As is presently understood (without intending to limit the present disclosure thereto) this user interface may include a microphone, an audio speaker, a haptic interface, a graphical display, and a keypad, keyboard, pointing device and/or touch screen. As would be understood in the art by those having the present specification, figures, and claims before them, the portable communication device may further include a location transceiver that can determine the physical coordinates of device on the surface of the Earth typically as a function of its latitude, longitude and altitude. This location transceiver preferably uses GPS technology, so it may be referred to herein as a GPS transceiver; however, it should be understood that the location transceiver can additionally (or alternatively) employ other geo-positioning mechanisms, including, but not limited to, triangulation, assisted GPS (AGPS), E-OTD, CI, SAI, ETA, BSS or the like, to determine the physical location of the portable communication device on the surface of the Earth.
The portable communication device will also include a microprocessor and mass memory. The mass memory may include ROM, RAM as well as one or more removable memory cards. The mass memory provides storage for computer readable instructions and other data, including a basic input/output system (“BIOS”) and an operating system for controlling the operation of the portable communication device. The portable communication device will also include a device identification memory dedicated to identify the device, such as a SIM card. As is generally understood, SIM cards contain the unique serial number of the device (ESN), an internationally unique number of the mobile user (IMSI), security authentication and ciphering information, temporary information related to the local network, a list of the services the user has access to and two passwords (PIN for usual use and PUK for unlocking). As would be understood in the art by those having the present specification, figures, and claims before them, other information may be maintained in the device identification memory depending upon the type of device, its primary network type, home mobile network operator, etc.
In the present invention each portable communication device may be thought to have two subsystems: (1) a “wireless subsystem” that enables communication and other data applications as has become commonplace with users of cellular telephones today, and (2) the “secure transactional subsystem” which may also be known as the “payment subsystem”. It is contemplated that this secure transactional subsystem will preferably include a secure element, as further described below. In one embodiment of the present invention, the portable device may not need or even have a wireless subsystem. The present invention is directed to securely storing a digital password key ring in the secure element, so there is no need for the ability to communicate with a network, only the need to communication with an end user who may input passwords, keys, secrets, and other certifying credentials and, in turn, manually retrieve those passwords, keys, secrets, and other certifying credentials.
Each of the portable communications devices may be connected to at least one mobile network operator. The mobile network operator generally provides physical infrastructure that supports the wireless communication services, data applications and the secure transactional subsystem via a plurality of cell towers that communicate with a plurality of portable communication devices within each cell tower's associated cell. In turn, the cell towers may be in operable communication with the logical network of the mobile network operator, POTS, and the Internet to convey the communications and data within the mobile network operator's own logical network as well as to external networks including those of other mobile network operators. The mobile network operators generally provide support for one or more communication protocols and technologies including, but not limited to, global system for mobile communication (GSM), 3G, 4G, code division multiple access (CDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), user datagram protocol (UDP), transmission control protocol/Internet protocol (TCP/IP), SMS, general packet radio service (GPRS), WAP, ultra wide band (UWB), IEEE 802.16 Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMax), SIP/RTP, or any of a variety of other wireless communication protocols to communicate with the portable communication devices.
Standard at merchants today is an Internet Protocol connected payment system that allows for transaction processing of debit, credit, prepay and gift products of banks and merchant service providers. By swiping a magnetic stripe enabled card at the magnetic reader of a Point of Sale Terminal, the card data is transferred to the point of sale equipment and used to confirm funds by the issuing bank. This point of sale equipment has begun to include contactless card readers as accessories that allow for the payment card data to be presented over an RF interface, in lieu of the magnetic reader. The data is transferred to the reader through the RF interface by the ISO 14443 standard and proprietary payment applications like PayPass and Paywave, which transmit the contactless card data from a card and in the future a mobile device that includes a Payment Subsystem.
A retailer's point of sale device 75 may be connected to a network via a wireless or wired connection. This point of sale network may include the Internet in addition to local area networks (LANs), wide area networks (WANs), direct connections, such as through a universal serial bus (USB) port, other forms of computer-readable media, or any combination thereof On an interconnected set of LANs, including those based on differing architectures and protocols, a router acts as a link between LANs, enabling messages to be sent from one to another. In addition, communication links within LANs typically include twisted wire pair or coaxial cable, while communication links between networks may utilize analog telephone lines, full or fractional dedicated digital lines including T1, T2, T3, and T4, Integrated Services Digital
Networks (ISDNs), Digital Subscriber Lines (DSLs), wireless links including satellite links, or other communications links known to those skilled in the art. Furthermore, remote computers and other related electronic devices could be remotely connected to either LANs or WANs via a modem and temporary telephone link. In essence, the point of sale network may utilize any communication method that allows information to travel between the point of sale devices and financial services providers for the purpose of validating, authorizing and ultimately capturing financial transactions at the point of sale for payment via the same financial service providers.
The system includes a secure transactional subsystem 150, as shown in
In one embodiment, the secure element is a separate physical memory chip, such as one similar (if not identical) to that described as part of the Global Platform 2.1.X, 2.2, or 2.2.X (www.globalplatform.org). Alternatively, or in addition, a “virtual” secure element (also referred to as a secure data store 115) may be implemented, such as that disclosed in co-pending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/279,147, which is fully incorporated into this application by reference. Preferably the secure transactional subsystem will conform, where appropriate, to an international standard, such as the standard defined in Global Platform 2.1.X or 2.2.
The system may include a system management back end. As shown in
The server may comprise one or more general-purpose computers that implement the procedures and functions needed to run the system back office in serial or in parallel on the same computer or across a local or wide area network distributed on a plurality of computers and may even be located “in the cloud” (preferably subject to the provision of sufficient security). The computer(s) comprising the server may be controlled by Linux, Windows®, Windows CE, Unix, or a Java® based operating system, to name a few. The system management back end server is operably associated with mass memory that stores program code and data. Data may include one or more databases, text, spreadsheet, folder, file, or the like, that may be configured to maintain and store a knowledge base, user identifiers (ESN, IMSI, PIN, telephone number, email/IM address, billing information, or the like).
The system management back end server supports a case management system to provide call traffic connectivity and distribution across the client computers in the customer care center. In a preferred approach using VoIP voice channel connectivity, the case management system is a contact/case management system distributed by Contactual, Inc. of Redwood City, Calif. The Contactual system is a standard CRM system for a VoIP-based customer care call center that also provides flexibility to handle care issues with simultaneous payments and cellular-related care concerns. As would be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art having the present specification, drawings and claims before them other case management systems may be utilized within the present invention such as Salesforce (Salesforce.com, inc. of San Francisco, Calif.) and Novo (Novo Solutions, Inc. of Virginia Beach, Va.).
Each client computer associated with the system management back end server has a network interface device, graphical user interface, and voice communication capabilities that match the voice channel(s) supported by the client care center server, such as VoIP. Each client computer can request status of both the cellular and secure transactional subsystems of a portable communication device. This status may include the contents of the soft memory and core performance of portable communication device, the NFC components: baseband, NFC antenna, secure element status and identification.
As shown in
The payment libraries 110 would be used by OpenWallet 100 to manage (and perform housekeeping tasks on) the secure element 120, interface with the system management back end 300, and perform over-the-air (OTA) provisioning via data communication transceiver (including its SMS channel), on the device 50. It is contemplated that the OTA data communications will be encrypted in some manner and an encryption key will be deployed in card service module 420 (see
The secure data store 115, which may act as a “virtual” secure element, provides secured storage on the portable communication device 50. Various levels of security may be provided depending upon the nature of the data intended for storage in secure data store 115. For instance, secure data store 115 may simply be password-protected at the operating system level of device 50. As is known in these operating systems, the password may be a simple alphanumeric or hexadecimal code that is stored somewhere on the device 50. Alternatively, the data in secure data store 115 is preferably encrypted. Preferably, however, the secure data store 115 is set up as a virtual secure element in the manner disclosed in the co-pending patent U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/279,147 (owned by the assignee of the present application) entitled “System and Method for Providing A Virtual Secure Element on a Portable Communication Device”, which is hereby incorporated by reference.
OpenWallet 100 preferably removes the complexity involved in the storage, maintenance and use of credentials such as card, coupon, ticket, access control data from one or multiple sources or issuers in association with the payment subsystem 150. OpenWallet 100 also preferably enforces access control to the data stored in the payment subsystem 150 and the functions allowed by each application. In one approach, OpenWallet 100 verifies the author/issuer of each third party application stored on the portable communication device 50. This verification may be accomplished by accessing a local authorization database of permitted (i.e., trusted) applications (see
In other words, when an application 200 or wallet user interface 410 needs to interact with the payment subsystem 150 the application does so by passing a digital identifier (such as its Issuer ID or App ID), a digital token (i.e., Compile ID or Secret Token ID), the desired action, and any associated arguments needed for the action to the card services module 420. Card
In other words, when an application 200 or wallet user interface 410 needs to interact with the payment subsystem 150 the application does so by passing a digital identifier (such as its Issuer ID or App ID), a digital token (i.e., Compile ID or Secret Token ID), the desired action, and any associated arguments needed for the action to the card services module 420. Card services module 420 verifies the digital identifier-digital token pair matches trusted application data in the secure data table (
Various screen shots of one exemplary wallet user interface 410 that may be deployed on a smart phone are shown in
Returning to
In one embodiment, once the user selects “Tap to Generate,” a request to generate a random (or pseudo-random) password is sent to a random/pseudo-random PIN generator. Preferably, such random/pseudo-random PIN generator is local to the device (preferably to the secure element 120), and is the same generator used to generate the Compile token, as discussed further below. Once generated, the PIN is then sent back to the password manager application 320 for use in generating the password as requested by the user.
Returning to
Various approaches to the direct key exchange may be facilitated by a variety of off-the-shelf solutions provided by entities including, but not limited to, Gemalto N.V. (Amsterdam, The Netherlands), Giesecke & Devrient (Munich, Germany), SK C&C (Korea)(Corefire), or VIVOtech Inc. of Santa Clara, Calif. (ViVoTech Issuer Server). The Issuer Server authenticates the user, executes issuer rules and then initiate the personalization process. The Issuer Server is preferably a server operated by the issuer of the credentials that the user is seeking to provision. The issuer server may verify the user, for example by providing a series of verification questions based on user information previously provided to the issuer (see
As noted above, OpenWallet 100 verifies the trusted status of any third party application 200 before that application is allowed access to the secure element 120 (or secure data store 115 and even preferably the meta data repository 125) on the portable communication device 50 to view, select and/or change secure data stored in the payment subsystem 150. In one approach noted above, this verification may be accomplished by accessing a local authorization database of permitted or trusted applications. In a preferred approach, the local authorization database in cooperates with a remote authorization database associated with one or more servers associated with system management back end 300.
The “Issuer Registry” database is a database of approved Issuers. The Issuer ID is unique for each type of credential. In other words, if a bank has multiple types of credentials (e.g. debit cards, credit cards, affinity cards, etc.) each credential type would have its own Issuer ID (e.g. I-BofA-II). In a preferred approach, the Issuer ID as between multiple types of credentials would have some common elements, so as to indicated that the credentials are at least related (e.g. I-BofA-I). In this way applications from same issuer can share data with the other application of the same “extended” issuer. In a preferred approach, card services module 420 can be simplified by requiring even the wallet user interface 410 (which “ships with the system”) to have an Issuer ID (and as well as an Application ID and Compile token).
The “Application Registry” is a database of applications (mostly third party) that have pre-approved by an operating system provider. Like the User A/C Registry, the “Application Registry” and “Issuer Registry” database are maintained on the server side (or otherwise in the cloud) in operable association with Open Wallet (see
As shown in
When the user seeks to qualify a third party application with the card services module 420 on a device 50, the Compile ID (a digital token) and Application ID (a digital identifier) associated with the third party application may be matched against the Compile ID and Application ID pairs stored in the Card Services Registry stored on the device 50 (see
After the application has been loaded into the Card Services Registry (and the secret token embedded in the application), the third party may launch and may prompt the user to opt-in to provide access to the issuer-specific credential needed for the validated (or trusted) application. In each subsequent launch of the third party trusted application, the embedded Secret Token and/or Application ID are compared to the data in the Card Services Registry on the device. If there is match, the application is trusted and can access the payment subsystem 150 via card service module 420. In this manner, it can be seen that applications 200 or wallet user interface 410 may also be removed from the Card Services Registry and thus would be disabled from accessing the payment subsystem and possibly the application, altogether.
Card services module 420 also preferably uses the trusted application verification step to determine the appropriate level of subsystem access allowed for each application 200. For example, in one embodiment, one application 200a may be authorized to access and display all of the data contained in the payment subsystem 150, where another third party application 200x may be only authorized to access and display a subset of the data contained in the payment subsystem 150. In yet another embodiment, an application may be permitted only to send a payment or transaction requests to OpenWallet 100, but may not itself be permitted to access any of the data contained in the payment subsystem 150. In one approach, assignment of permissions to the application can be thought of as follows:
These permission can be used to form 4 hexadecimal number in the order shown above from most to least significant figure. As shown in the example Card Services Registry of
In an embodiment where the password keeper 320 is configure as one of the third party applications it would have to be registered in order to access OpenWallet 100 (or even card services module 420). Because the password keeper is not an issuer, does not manipulate true NFC credentials and should not be allowed access to other credentials it should be given permission level 11100, which can be thought to expand to 0001 0001 0001 0000 0000. In other words, the password keeper application would be allowed to read, write, and delete its own “credentials” but not activate/deactivate or download credentials.
The foregoing description and drawings merely explain and illustrate the invention and the invention is not limited thereto. While the specification is described in relation to certain implementation or embodiments, many details are set forth for the purpose of illustration. Thus, the foregoing merely illustrates the principles of the invention. For example, the invention may have other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristic. The described arrangements are illustrative and not restrictive. To those skilled in the art, the invention is susceptible to additional implementations or embodiments and certain of these details described in this application may be varied considerably without departing from the basic principles of the invention. It will thus be appreciated that those skilled in the art will be able to devise various arrangements which, although not explicitly described or shown herein, embody the principles of the invention and, thus, within its scope and spirit.
This application claims is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/279,184, filed on Oct. 21, 2011, entitled “System and Method for Providing Secure Data Communication Functionality to a Variety of Applications on a Portable Communication Device,” which claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/414,847, filed on Nov. 17, 2010, entitled “System and Method for Providing Secure Data Communication Functionality to a Variety of Applications on a Portable Communication Device.” This application is also a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/279,147, filed on Oct. 21, 2011, entitled “System and Method for Providing a Virtual Secure Element on a Portable Communication Device,” which claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/414,845, filed on Nov. 17, 2010, entitled “System and Method for Providing a Virtual Secure Element on a Portable Communication Device.” Each of these applications is incorporated by reference in their entirety.
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 61414847 | Nov 2010 | US | |
| 61414845 | Nov 2010 | US |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | 13279184 | Oct 2011 | US |
| Child | 13406216 | US | |
| Parent | 13279147 | Oct 2011 | US |
| Child | 13279184 | US |
