DESCRIPCION BREVE DE LAS FIGURAS
FIG. 1. is a tridimensional view of one of the embodiments of system of brick and rod of the present invention.
FIGS. 2A. y 2B are tridimensional views of rod fragments.
FIG. 3. is a tridimensional view of one of the embodiments of the brick of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a bi-dimensional view of the superior horizontal surface of one of the embodiments of the brick of the present invention.
FIG. 5. is a bi-dimensional view of one of the vertical lateral surfaces of one of the embodiments of the brick of the present invention.
FIG. 6. is a bi-dimensional view of a sagittal plane that cuts trough the middle, in direction of the Z axis, passing by one of the holes that perforates one of the embodiments of the brick of the present invention.
FIG. 7. is a tridimensional view of one of the embodiments of the brick of the present invention.
FIG. 8. is a bi-dimensional view of the superior horizontal surface of one of the embodiments of the brick of the present invention.
FIG. 9. is a tridimensional view of one of the embodiments of the brick of the present invention.
FIG. 10. is a bi-dimensional view of the superior horizontal surface of one of the embodiments of the brick of the present invention.
FIG. 11. is a tridimensional view of one of the embodiments of the brick of the present invention.
FIG. 12. is a bi-dimensional representation from a lateral plane of a wall constructed with one of the embodiments of the brick of the present invention.
FIG. 13. is a bi-dimensional representation from a lateral plane of a wall constructed with one of the plurality of one of the embodiments of the brick and a plurality of rods of the present invention.
FIG. 14. is a tridimensional view of one of the embodiments of the brick of the present invention.
FIG. 15. is a bi-dimensional view of the superior horizontal surface of two of the embodiments of the brick of the present invention.
FIG. 16. is a bi-dimensional view of a plane that cuts in direction of the Z axis passing by one of the holes which goes from the protuberance and the vertical cavity, and which perforates vertically one of the embodiments of the brick of the present invention.
FIG. 17. is one bi-dimensional view of one of the vertical lateral surfaces of one of the embodiments of the brick of the present invention.
FIG. 18. is a tridimensional view of one of the embodiments of the brick of the present invention.
FIG. 19. is a bi-dimensional view of the superior horizontal surface of two of the embodiments of the brick of the present invention.
FIG. 20. is a tridimensional view of one of the embodiments of the brick of the present invention.
FIG. 21. is a bi-dimensional view of the superior horizontal surface of two of the embodiments of the brick of the present invention.
FIG. 22. is a tridimensional view of one of the embodiments of the brick of the present invention.
FIG. 23. is a bi-dimensional view of the superior horizontal surface of one of the embodiments of the brick of the present invention.
FIG. 24. is a bi-dimensional representation from a lateral plane of a wall constructed with one of the embodiments of the brick of the present invention.
FIG. 25. is a bi-dimensional representation from a lateral plane of a wall constructed with a plurality of one of the embodiments of the brick and a plurality of rods of the present invention.
FIG. 26. is a tridimensional view of one of the embodiments of the brick of the present invention.
FIG. 27 is a tridimensional view of one of the embodiments of the brick of the present invention.
FIG. 28. is a tridimensional view of one of the embodiments of the brick of the present invention.
FIG. 29. is a tridimensional view of one of the embodiments of the brick of the present invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
FIG. 1 shows a tridimensional view of one of the embodiments of the brick and two of the embodiments of rods (4), (5A) and (5B) inserted in the brick. FIGS. 2A and 2B show two embodiments of the rod fragment which fitted to other rod fragments form a composed rod. The brick is defined, as it is shown in FIG. 7, by the three Cartesian coordinates X, Y, Z, in which the horizontal axis X defines the length, the vertical axis Y defines the height, the horizontal axis Z defines the width.
FIGS. 5 and 6 show that the brick have a superior horizontal surface (6), and one horizontal inferior surface (13).
In FIGS. 3, 4, and 5, it is shown the vertical anterior surface (7) and the vertical anterior surface (8) of the brick.
In FIGS. 4 and 6 it can be observed the two lateral vertical surfaces (14) of the brick.
In FIGS. 3 and 4 it is shown an embodiment of the brick which comprises a rounded, convex geometry, symmetrical protuberance (1), which is originated on the middle of the vertical anterior surface (7) of the brick, wherein said protuberance (1) interlocks precisely with an horizontally adjacent brick with a concave geometry, symmetrical cavity (2) which is originated on the middle of the vertical posterior surface (8) of the brick. In FIG. 4, it is shown that the longitude of the protuberance's base (9), on the vertical anterior surface (7) of the brick, is of less longitude than the protuberance convex geometry maximum diameter (10). FIG. 4 also shows that the longitude of the cavity's aperture (11) on the vertical posterior surface of the brick is less than the maximum diameter (12) of the cavity's concave geometry.
FIGS. 3, 4, 5 and 6 show two protuberances (3) of cylindrical-convex geometry located symmetrically on the middle of the brick's superior horizontal surface. Said protuberances (3) interlock precisely with vertically adjacent blocks with cavities of cylindrical-concave geometry (16) (FIG. 5) located symmetrically on the middle of the inferior horizontal surface (13). In FIG. 6 it can be observed that the base diameter (18) of each protuberance on the brick's superior horizontal surface is more than or equal to the diameter of the cylindrical part (17) of the protuberance (3). Likewise, in FIG. 5 it can be observed that the aperture's diameter (19) of each cavity on the inferior horizontal surface (13) of the brick is more than or equal to the diameter of the cylindrical part (20) of the cavity (16).
In FIGS. 1 to 8 two vertical cylindrical holes are shown (15) which perforate entirely the brick, wherein the longitude of said holes is defined from the convex geometry apex (21) (FIGURE 5) of the protuberances (3) to the concave geometry apex (22) (FIG. 5) of the cavities (16).
In FIG. 12 it can be observed that the holes (15) and the identical holes (15) of the vertically adjacent bricks on a wall are aligned in direction of the vertical axis of the wall, to form continuous vertical holes that go throughout the height of the wall.
In FIGS. 3 to 12, a cylindrical vertical hole is shown (23) that perforates entirely the brick, wherein the longitude of said hole is defined from the superior horizontal surface (6) of the brick to the inferior horizontal surface (13) of the brick. The hole (23) is located in parallel between the two holes (15).
In FIGS. 3-5, 7, 8 and 12, a vertical cylindrical hole is shown (24) that perforates entirely the protuberance (1). The longitude of said hole (24) is defined from the center of the superior horizontal surface of said protuberance (1) to the center of the inferior horizontal surface of said protuberance (1).
In FIG. 12 it can be observed that the hole (23) and the hole (24) of equal diameter of the vertically adjacent bricks, are aligned in direction of the vertical axis of a wall, to form a continuous vertical hole which goes throughout the height of the wall. In FIG. 13 it can be observed that the diameter of the holes (23) and (24) fits the diameter of a rod (4), or (5), or (26), or (27) (FIGS. 1 and 2) in such a way that the rod can be introduced through the continuous hole that goes throughout the height of the wall.
In FIG. 13 it can also be observed that the longitude of the rod is equal or exceeds the longitude of wall's height Besides, it can be observed that the rod is vertically introduced through the continuous vertical holes which resulted from the alignment of the holes (23) and (24) (FIGS. 12 and 13).
FIGS. 7 and 8 show another embodiment of the brick of the present invention. In this embodiment, the brick does not have the cavity (2), resulting in a brick with a flat vertical posterior surface (8). This brick would be the leader brick on an horizontal lane of bricks.
FIGS. 9 and 10 show another embodiment of the brick of the present invention. In this embodiment, the brick does not have the protuberance (1), resulting in a brick with a flat anterior vertical surface (7). This brick would be the last brick in a horizontal lane of bricks.
FIG. 11 shows another embodiment of the brick of the present invention. This embodiment shows a brick that is characterized by a symmetrical protuberance (28) with rounded convex geometry that is originated in one of the lateral surfaces (14) of the brick. Said protuberance interlocks precisely with the cavity (2) of a horizontally adjacent brick.
In FIG. 23, it can be observed that the protuberance's base (29) on the lateral surface is of less longitude than the maximum diameter (30) of the convex geometry of the protuberance (28).
The described system of brick and rod allows for the formation of resistant interlocks between horizontally and vertically adjacent bricks to build a wall which permits the introduction of a skeleton constituted by a plurality of rods thus resulting in a structure with great lateral rigidity and great resistance to extreme uniform, cyclic and gravitational forces.
Besides, the system of brick and rod with horizontal protuberances (1) rounded convex, horizontal cavities (2) rounded concave, vertical protuberances (3) rounded cylindrical convex, and rounded cylindrical concave vertical cavities (16), of the present invention, permits the formation of flexible interlocks for the construction of walls less susceptible to fracture formation in case of seismic movements or earthquakes.
FIGS. 14-21 show other embodiments of the present invention wherein the brick comprises:
- a. a protuberance (1) symmetrical of rounded convex geometry that is originated on the middle of the vertical anterior surface (7) of the brick, wherein the longitude (31) (FIGS. 15 and 19) of the protuberance defined from the apex (33) of the convex geometry of the protuberance (1) to the base (32) in the vertical anterior surface (7) of the brick, is between 26% and 65% of the width Z of the brick;
- b. a cavity (2) symmetrical of concave geometry that is originated on the middle of the vertical posterior surface (8) of the brick, wherein the longitude (34) (FIGS. 15 and 21) of the cavity defined from the apex (35) of the concave geometry of the cavity to the aperture (36) on the brick's vertical posterior surface, is between 26% and 65% of the width Z of the brick;
- c. two protuberances (3) of geometry cylindrical-convex located symmetrically on the middle of the superior horizontal surface (6) of the brick, wherein the longitude (37) (FIG. 16) of the protuberance defined from the apex (21) of the convex geometry of the protuberance to the base (38) on the superior horizontal surface (6) of the brick, is between 26% and 65% of the width Z of the brick.
- d. two cavities (16) of cylindrical-concave geometry located symmetrically on the middle of the inferior horizontal surface (13), wherein the longitude (39) (FIG. 16) of the cavity defined from the apex (22) of the concave geometry of the cavity to the aperture (40) of the cavity on the inferior horizontal surface (13) of the brick, is between 26% and 65% of the width Z of the brick.
FIGS. 22 and 23 show another embodiment of the brick which has a protuberance (28) symmetrical of rounded convex geometry that is originated on one of the lateral surfaces (14) of the brick, wherein the longitude (41) (FIG. 22) of the protuberance defined from the apex (42) of the convex geometry of the protuberance to the base (29) on the lateral surface (14) of the brick, is between 26% and 65% of the width Z of the brick.
FIGS. 24 and 25 show an embodiment of the present invention that is characterized by a brick with two vertical cylindrical holes (15) that perforate the brick entirely, wherein these holes (15) and identical holes (15) of the vertically adjacent bricks in a wall, are aligned in direction of the vertical axis of the wall, to form continuous vertical holes that go throughout the height of the wall; and wherein the diameter of the holes fit to the diameter of a rod. In FIG. 25, it is shown that the longitude of the rod is equal or exceeds the longitude of the height of the wall. In the same FIG. 25 it can be observed that the rod can be introduced through the continuous hole that goes throughout the height of the wall.
The continuous holes of the wall which are shown in FIG. 24 can also be used to vertically introduce through the wall, cable lines for electricity, tubes for gas, cable lines for telephones, etc.
FIG. 26 shows another embodiment of the brick of the present invention. In this embodiment, the brick is characterized by a 90 degree right angle channel on the two edges (44), in direction of the Y axis, of the vertical anterior surface (7); a 90 degree right angle on the two edges (45), in direction of the Y axis, of the vertical posterior surface; a 90 degree right angle on the two edges (46), in direction of the X axis, of the superior horizontal surface; and a 90 degree right angle on the two edges (43), in direction of the X axis, of the inferior horizontal surface.
FIG. 27 shows another embodiment of the brick of the present invention. In this embodiment, the brick is characterized by a 90 degree right angle on the two edges (47), in direction of the Y axis, of the vertical anterior surface; and a 90 degree right angle on the two edges (48), in direction of the X axis, of the inferior horizontal surface.
FIGS. 28 and 29 show other embodiments of the brick of the present invention in which the bricks are half in longitude, in direction of the X axis, with respect to other adjacent bricks, in such a way that these bricks are located horizontally at the beginning or at the end of the horizontal lanes of bricks, creating even ends with other vertically adjacent horizontal lanes of bricks, resulting in a wall with a continuous vertical edge.
The rod of the present invention can be a rod (5) made of a single part, or a composed rod comprising rod fragments joined successively.
The rod fragments can be seen in FIG. 1 that shows a tube (5A) which longitude is equal to the brick's height; wherein the tube functions as a female screw; and wherein the tube has an internal thread to screw down a male screw (5B) with external thread. The male screw (5B) is of equal or less longitude than the longitude of the tube (5A). The male screw interlocks internally by its superior half with a tube (5A), and by its inferior half to another tube (5A), forming an interlock of two tubes which would be introduced in two of the vertically adjacent bricks. The composed continuous rod is constituted by successive interlocks formed by a plurality of tubes (5A) and a plurality of male screws (5B).
In another embodiment of the present invention, the composed rod is constituted by rod fragments (26) and (27) (FIGS. 2A and 2B) which longitude is equal to one and a half times (1.5×) the longitude of the brick's height. Each one of these rod fragments, (26) and (27), is formed by three parts defined as first part (49), second part (50) and a third part (51); wherein the three parts have exactly the same longitude in such a way that each part has a longitude equal to one third of the longitude of the rod fragment; wherein the first part (49) is at one end of the rod fragment; and wherein the first part (49) is hollow with internal thread constituting the part that functions as female screw of the rod fragment; and wherein the second part (50) is on the middle of the rod fragment between the first part (49) and the third part (51); and wherein the second part (50) is solid; and wherein the third part (51) is solid with external thread; and wherein the third part (51) is located at the opposed end which constitutes the first part (49); and wherein the third part (51) is the part that functions as male screw of the rod fragment; and wherein the first part (49) of the rod fragment interlocks with a third part (51) of another identical rod fragment, and thus successively a plurality of rod fragments get interlocked to form the composed rod.
One of the advantages of the present invention is the elimination of the use of mortar or adhesives between the horizontally and vertically adjacent bricks in the construction of a wall. This is achieved by interlocks between the protuberances (1) symmetrical of convex geometry which are perfectly complementary to cavities (2) symmetrical of concave geometry of horizontally adjacent bricks, and between protuberances (3) cylindrical-convex that are perfectly complementary to cavities (16) cylindrical-concaves of vertically adjacent bricks.
However, another embodiment of the present invention comprises a brick with a protuberance (3) cylindrical convex that is originated on the superior horizontal surface (6) in such a way that the cylindrical portion forms an angle (52) (FIG. 16) with a slight curved transition with the superior horizontal surface (6); while the cavity (16) cylindrical-concave is originated on the inferior horizontal surface (13) in such a way that the cylindrical portion forms an right angle (53) (FIG. 16) of 90 degrees with the inferior horizontal surface (13). The disparity in the angle (52) formed by the protuberance (1), and the angle (53) formed by the cavity (16) creates an imperfect interlock between vertically adjacent bricks, thus creating a gap of millimeters between vertically adjacent bricks. Said gap can be required by anti-seismic regulations. In case necessary said gap can be filled with mortar.
While the description presents the preferred embodiments of the present invention, additional changes can be made in the form and disposition of the parts without distancing from the basic ideas and principles comprised in the following claims:
Patent Application
20070271868
