Patent Application
20230415119
The present invention relates to systems for backmix the reagent mass. In particular, the present invention relates to a system for backmix the reagent mass in rotating cylindrical reactors.
Among the most common applications of rotary cylindrical reactors are the drying of organic matter and food, the roasting of biomass and food, the pyrolysis of biomass, and the heat treatment of mineral coals. In general, these processes seek to develop characteristics of the rotary cylindrical reactors that give the highest possible productivity associated with solid product quality.
The pyrolysis process of biomass involves the preliminary endothermic reactions of drying (up to typically 180° C.) and then roasting (up to typically 340° C.). This is followed by very intense, exothermic chemical reactions around 350° C., characterized by significant mass loss of the reagent system and a profound transformation in the chemical structure of the solid product, the biochar.
In pyrolysis, the organic matter in biomass is thermochemically decomposed by heating in the absence of oxygen, generating products with high carbon content. The characteristics of the products, their relative proportions in the gaseous, liquid, and solid phases, and the energy required for the process depend on several factors such as the natures of the precursor biomass and the reagent atmosphere, the pressure, the draw rate of the reagent gases, the temperature, the heating rate, and the particle size.
The pressure and the draught rate of the reagent gases have an influence on the process of recombination of the reagent gases with the solid matrix product, the biochar, a process called chemical vapor deposition.
Temperature, heating rate and particle size have an influence on the overall rate of heat transfer from the external medium to the interior of the biomass particle and hence on the productivity of the process.
Considering the thermodynamic evolution of the biomass pyrolysis process with an endothermic initial phase followed by an exothermic final phase and also the goal of achieving high throughput rotary reactors, a major goal sought by designers of rotary cylindrical reactors is a way to mix a portion of the final stage reagent mass with the reagent mass introduced into the reactor at the initial processing stage.
In a rotating cylindrical reactor, one way to perform such mixing would be through a screw conveyor external to the reactor. The solid product at the discharge of the rotating cylindrical reactor would be split and a portion would be returned via a closed screw conveyor and reinjected into the feed of the rotating cylindrical reactor. However, this is a complex system, because the reaction mass has a temperature of around 400° C. or higher, and there can be no contact of this product with atmospheric air.
The present invention aims at solving the above problems in a practical and efficient way.
The present invention has as a first objective to provide a system of internal backmix of the reagent mass in a rotating cylindrical reactor that allows the mixing of a portion of the reagent mass in a more advanced stage of the reactor with another in a previous stage of processing, homogenizing the temperatures of the reagent mass and increasing the productivity of the reactor.
The present invention has as a second objective to provide a system of internal backmix of the reagent mass in a rotating cylindrical reactor that dispenses with the need for an external system for moving the said mass, considerably simplifying the design of the reactor.
In order to achieve the above described objectives, the present invention provides a system of internal backmix of the reagent mass in a rotating cylindrical reactor, the system comprising (i) a first set of drag fins adapted for dragging the reagent mass in a first direction and (ii) a second set of drag fins adapted for dragging the reagent mass in a second direction opposite to the first direction, wherein the first and the second set of drag fins are positioned internally along the length of the cylindrical rotating reactor.
The detailed description presented below makes reference to the attached figures and their respective reference numbers.
Preliminarily, it is emphasized that the description that follows will start from preferred embodiments of the invention. As will be evident to anyone skilled in the subject, however, the invention is not limited to these particular embodiments.
The present invention solves the technical problem described above by providing a system for internal backmix of the reagent mass in a rotating cylindrical reactor 2. For the purposes of this description, a rotating cylindrical reactor 2 is defined as a cylindrical rotating body with openings at its ends.
The system of the present invention, according to a preferred embodiment illustrated in
As shown in the cross-sectional side view of
Preferably, the drag fins of the first 27 and second 28 sets of drag fins are attached to the inner side of the rotating cylindrical reactor 2 by welding. However, the fins may be attached to the inner side of the rotating cylindrical reactor 2 by means of any attachment methods known in the state of the art.
In the present example, the length and diameter of the rotating cylindrical reactor 2 are respectively L and D; the number of imaginary lines along the length and width of the planar side are respectively n and m; and the fins are mounted plates inclined with respect to the longitudinal lines a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h. The inclination of the propeller fins describes an angle α with respect to these longitudinal lines such that
where x and y are the dimensions of each of the sectors, as illustrated in
the inclination of the fins can be written as:
The plan view in
In the realization where there are a greater number of fins in the first set first set of drag fins 27, the number of fins carrying the reagent mass forward (from the feed inlet to the outlet) is always greater than the number of fins carrying the reagent mass backward. For example, for every eight (8) fins in rotary cylindrical reactor 2, six (6) may belong to the first set of drag fins 27 and two (2) to the second set of drag fins 28. In this case, effectively, there are 6 (six) fins doing the work of carrying the material forward while the other 2 (two) perform the service of backmix the reagent mass, causing a portion of the reagent mass in a more advanced stage of reaction (hotter) to mix with a portion of the reagent mass in a previous stage of reaction (colder).
The distribution of fins in the
vertical bands is repeated along the entire inner length of the rotating cylindrical reactor 2, generating a forward drag string of reagent mass, with regular sectors of fins bringing the hottest mass to the rear. This arrangement consists of a way to promote the thermal exchange of the reagent mass, conferring an increase in productivity to the rotating cylindrical reactor 2.
Therefore, as exposed above, the present invention provides a system of internal backmix of the reagent mass in a rotating cylindrical reactor that allows the mixing of a portion of the reagent mass in a more advanced stage of the reactor with another in a previous stage of processing, homogenizing the temperatures of the reagent mass and increasing the productivity of the reactor. Thus, the present system dispenses with the need for an external system for moving the said mass, considerably simplifying the reactor's design.
Numerous variations affecting the scope of protection of the present request are permissible. Thus, it is reinforced that the present invention is not limited to the particular configurations/concretizations described above.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| BR102020022740-8 | Nov 2020 | BR | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/BR2021/050486 | 11/8/2021 | WO |
