Patent Application
20230134144
The present subject matter relates generally to laundry treatment appliances, and more particularly to optimizing operating parameters of washing machine appliances.
Conventional laundry treatment appliances perform a washing operation and/or a drying operation, typically in succession. For instance, a washing machine appliance may perform the washing operation and the laundry load may be transferred to a dryer appliance to perform the drying operation. The washing operation may incorporate a predetermined set of parameters, including one or more cycles of washing, rinsing, spinning, and the like. Similarly, the drying operation may incorporate a predetermined set of parameters, including a cycle time, an operational temperature, and a requested dryness level. Users of these laundry treatment appliances may wish to modify one or more of these parameters in order to increase a washing efficiency, a drying efficiency, or a total length of time for each of the washing operation and the drying operation
For instance, certain cycles within the washing operation may be adjusted to better prepare the laundry load for the drying operation and subsequently reduce the drying time. Currently, users typically increase a total time or a level of heat of the drying operation, which can damage certain laundry loads. Thus, further improvements are necessary to properly assess and manipulate the set of washing parameters to achieve a desirable total washing and drying time.
Accordingly, a laundry treatment appliance or assembly that obviates one or more of the above-described drawbacks would be beneficial. Particularly, a method of operating a laundry treatment appliance utilizing user feedback would be useful.
Aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the following description, or may be obvious from the description, or may be learned through practice of the invention.
In one exemplary aspect of the present disclosure, a method of operating a laundry treatment assembly is provided. The laundry treatment assembly may include a dryer appliance and a washing machine appliance. The method may include performing a drying operation in the dryer appliance; receiving user feedback regarding the drying operation upon completion of the drying operation; evaluating a spin cycle of a most recently performed washing operation via the washing machine appliance upon receiving the user feedback, the spin cycle being performed according to a first set of parameters; adjusting one or more parameters of the first set of parameters based on the user feedback to generate a second set of parameters; and incorporating the second set of parameters into a spin cycle of a subsequent washing operation within the washing machine appliance.
In another exemplary aspect of the present disclosure, a laundry treatment assembly is provided. The laundry treatment assembly may include a washing machine appliance comprising a tub, a wash basket rotatably provided within the tub, and a washing controller configured to control a washing operation within the washing machine appliance; a dryer appliance comprising a drum and a dryer controller configured to control a drying operation within the dryer appliance; and a wireless communication module provided within one of the washing machine appliance or the dryer appliance, the wireless communication module configured to allow communication between the washing machine appliance, the dryer appliance, and a mobile device. The dryer controller may be configured to perform a series of operations. The series of operations may include performing the drying operation in the dryer appliance; receiving user feedback regarding the drying operation upon completion of the drying operation; evaluating a most recently performed washing operation via the washing machine appliance upon receiving the user feedback, the most recently performed washing operation including a spin cycle performed according to a first set of parameters; adjusting one or more parameters of the first set of parameters based on the user feedback to generate a second set of parameters; and incorporating the second set of parameters into a subsequent washing operation within the washing machine appliance.
These and other features, aspects and advantages of the present invention will become better understood with reference to the following description and appended claims. The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.
A full and enabling disclosure of the present invention, including the best mode thereof, directed to one of ordinary skill in the art, is set forth in the specification, which makes reference to the appended figures.
Repeat use of reference characters in the present specification and drawings is intended to represent the same or analogous features or elements of the present invention.
Reference now will be made in detail to embodiments of the invention, one or more examples of which are illustrated in the drawings. Each example is provided by way of explanation of the invention, not limitation of the invention. In fact, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the scope of the invention. For instance, features illustrated or described as part of one embodiment can be used with another embodiment to yield a still further embodiment. Thus, it is intended that the present invention covers such modifications and variations as come within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.
Referring still to
As illustrated, each of washing machine appliance 52 and dryer appliance 54 may include a controller 62 (described in more detail below). External communication system 60 permits controllers 62 of washer appliance 52 and dryer appliance 54 to communicate with external devices either directly or through a network 64. For example, a consumer may use a consumer device 66 to communicate directly with washing machine 52 and/or dryer appliance 54. Alternatively, these appliances may include user interfaces for receiving such input (described below). For example, consumer devices 66 may be in direct or indirect communication with washing machine 52 and dryer appliance 54, e.g., directly through a local area network (LAN), Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, Zigbee, etc. or indirectly through network 64. In general, consumer device 66 may be any suitable device for providing and/or receiving communications or commands from a user. In this regard, consumer device 66 may include, for example, a personal phone, a tablet, a laptop computer, or another mobile device.
In addition, a remote server 68 may be in communication with washing machine 52, dryer appliance 54, and/or consumer device 66 through network 64. In this regard, for example, remote server 68 may be a cloud-based server 68, and is thus located at a distant location, such as in a separate state, country, etc. In general, communication between the remote server 68 and the client devices may be carried via a network interface using any type of wireless connection, using a variety of communication protocols (e.g. TCP/IP, HTTP, SMTP, FTP), encodings or formats (e.g. HTML, XML), and/or protection schemes (e.g. VPN, secure HTTP, SSL).
In general, network 64 can be any type of communication network. For example, network 64 can include one or more of a wireless network, a wired network, a personal area network, a local area network, a wide area network, the internet, a cellular network, etc. According to an exemplary embodiment, consumer device 66 may communicate with a remote server 68 over network 64, such as the internet, to provide user inputs, transfer operating parameters or performance characteristics, etc. In addition, consumer device 66 and remote server 68 may communicate with washing machine 52 and dryer appliance 54 to communicate similar information.
External communication system 60 is described herein according to an exemplary embodiment of the present subject matter. However, it should be appreciated that the exemplary functions and configurations of external communication system 60 provided herein are used only as examples to facilitate description of aspects of the present subject matter. System configurations may vary, other communication devices may be used to communicate directly or indirectly with one or more laundry appliances, other communication protocols and steps may be implemented, etc. These variations and modifications are contemplated as within the scope of the present subject matter.
Referring now also to
While described in the context of a specific embodiment of vertical axis washing machine appliance 52, it should be appreciated that vertical axis washing machine appliance 52 is provided by way of example only. It will be understood that aspects of the present subject matter may be used in any other suitable washing machine appliance, such as a horizontal axis washing machine appliance. Indeed, modifications and variations may be made to washing machine appliance 52, including different configurations, different appearances, and/or different features while remaining within the scope of the present subject matter.
Washing machine appliance 52 has a cabinet 102 that extends between a top portion 104 and a bottom portion 106 along the vertical direction V, between a first side (left) and a second side (right) along the lateral direction L, and between a front and a rear along the transverse direction T. As best shown in
In addition, washing machine appliance 52 includes a wash basket 114 that is positioned within wash tub 108 and generally defines an opening 116 for receipt of articles for washing. More specifically, wash basket 114 is rotatably mounted within wash tub 108 such that it is rotatable about an axis of rotation A. According to the illustrated embodiment, the axis of rotation A is substantially parallel to the vertical direction V. In this regard, washing machine appliance 52 is generally referred to as a “vertical axis” or “top load” washing machine appliance 52. However, it should be appreciated that aspects of the present subject matter may be used within the context of a horizontal axis or front load washing machine appliance as well. As used herein, terms of approximation, such as “approximately,” “substantially,” or “about,” refer to being within a ten percent margin of error.
As illustrated, cabinet 102 of washing machine appliance 52 has a top panel 118. Top panel 118 defines an opening (
As best shown in
An impeller or agitation element 132 (
As best illustrated in
More specifically, drive assembly 138 may generally include one or more of a drive motor 140 and a transmission assembly 142, e.g., such as a clutch assembly, for engaging and disengaging wash basket 114 and/or agitation element 132. According to the illustrated embodiment, drive motor 140 is a brushless DC electric motor, e.g., a pancake motor. However, according to alternative embodiments, drive motor 140 may be any other suitable type or configuration of motor. For example, drive motor 140 may be an AC motor, an induction motor, a permanent magnet synchronous motor, or any other suitable type of motor. In addition, drive assembly 138 may include any other suitable number, types, and configurations of support bearings or drive mechanisms.
Referring still to
Operation of washing machine appliance 52 is controlled by a controller or processing device 62 that is operatively coupled to control panel 150 for user manipulation to select washing machine cycles and features. In response to user manipulation of control panel 150, controller 62 operates the various components of washing machine appliance 52 to execute selected machine cycles and features. According to an exemplary embodiment, controller 62 may include a memory and microprocessor, such as a general or special purpose microprocessor operable to execute programming instructions or micro-control code associated with methods described herein. Alternatively, controller 62 may be constructed without using a microprocessor, e.g., using a combination of discrete analog and/or digital logic circuitry (such as switches, amplifiers, integrators, comparators, flip-flops, AND gates, and the like) to perform control functionality instead of relying upon software.
Control panel 150 and other components of washing machine appliance 52 may be in communication with controller 62 via one or more signal lines or shared communication busses. Additionally or alternatively, washing machine appliance 52 may include a door sensor or door switch 156. Door sensor 156 may be provided at or near opening 116 and may detect an opening or a closing of door 120. For instance, door sensor 156 may be a magnetic sensor, an optic sensor, a Hall sensor, a reed sensor, or the like. It should be noted that one or more sensors may be included, and that any combination of sensors or switches may be incorporated as door sensor 156.
During operation of washing machine appliance 52, laundry items are loaded into wash basket 114 through opening 116, and washing operation is initiated through operator manipulation of input selectors 152. Wash basket 114 is filled with water and detergent and/or other fluid additives via primary dispenser 112. One or more valves can be controlled by washing machine appliance 52 to provide for filling wash tub 108 and wash basket 114 to the appropriate level for the amount (or number) of articles being washed and/or rinsed. By way of example for a wash mode, once wash basket 114 is properly filled with fluid, the contents of wash basket 114 can be agitated (e.g., with agitation element 132 as discussed previously) for washing of laundry items in wash basket 114.
More specifically, referring again to
After wash tub 108 is filled and the agitation phase of the wash cycle is completed, wash basket 114 can be drained, e.g., by drain pump assembly 130. Laundry articles can then be rinsed by again adding fluid to wash basket 114 depending on the specifics of the cleaning cycle selected by a user. The impeller or agitation element 132 may again provide agitation within wash basket 114. One or more spin cycles may also be used as part of the cleaning process. In particular, a spin cycle may be applied after the wash cycle and/or after the rinse cycle in order to wring wash fluid from the articles being washed. During a spin cycle, wash basket 114 is rotated at relatively high speeds to help wring fluid from the laundry articles through perforations 126. After articles disposed in wash basket 114 are cleaned and/or washed, the user can remove the articles from wash basket 114, e.g., by reaching into wash basket 114 through opening 116.
Referring now to
Cabinet 202 includes a front panel 204, a rear panel 206, a pair of side panels 208 spaced apart from each other by front and rear panels 204 and 206, a bottom panel 210, and a top cover 212. Within cabinet 202 is a drum or container 216 mounted for rotation about a substantially horizontal axis, e.g., that is parallel or substantially parallel to the lateral direction L. Drum 216 defines a chamber 214 for receipt of articles, e.g., clothing, linen, etc., for drying. Drum 216 extends between a front portion and a back portion, e.g., along the lateral direction L.
A motor 220 is configured for rotating drum 216 about the horizontal axis, e.g., via a pulley and a belt (not shown). Drum 216 is generally cylindrical in shape, having an outer cylindrical wall or cylinder and a front flange or wall that defines an entry 222 of drum 216, e.g., at the front portion of drum 216, for loading and unloading of articles into and out of chamber 214 of drum 216. A plurality of tumbling ribs 224 are provided within chamber 214 of drum 216 to lift articles therein and then allow such articles to tumble back to a bottom of drum 216 as drum 216 rotates. Drum 216 also includes a back or rear wall, e.g., such that drum 216 is rotatable on its rear wall as will be understood by those skilled in the art. A duct 226 is mounted to the rear wall of drum 216 and receives heated air that has been heated by a heating assembly or system 240.
Motor 220 is also in mechanical communication with an air handler 230 such that motor 220 rotates air handler 230, e.g., a centrifugal fan. Air handler 230 is configured for drawing air through chamber 214 of drum 216, e.g., in order to dry articles located therein as discussed in greater detail below. In alternative exemplary embodiments, dryer appliance 54 may include an additional motor (not shown) for rotating air handler 230 independently of drum 216.
Drum 216 is configured to receive heated air that has been heated by a heating assembly 240, e.g., in order to dry damp articles disposed within chamber 214 of drum 216. Heating assembly 240 includes a heating element (not shown), such as a gas burner or an electrical resistance heating element, for heating air. As discussed above, during operation of dryer appliance 54, motor 220 rotates drum 216 and air handler 230 such that air handler 230 draws air through chamber 214 of drum 216 when motor 220 rotates. In particular, ambient air (identified herein generally by reference numeral 242) enters heating assembly 240 via an entrance 244 due to air handler 230 urging such ambient air into entrance 244. Such ambient air is heated within heating assembly 240 and exits heating assembly 240 as heated air 242. Air handler 230 draws such heated air through duct 226 to drum 216. The heated air enters drum 216 through an outlet 246 of duct 226 positioned at the rear wall of drum 216.
Within chamber 214, the heated air can accumulate moisture, e.g., from damp articles disposed within chamber 214. In turn, air handler 230 draws humid air through a trap duct 248 which contains a screen filter (not shown) which traps lint particles. Such humid air then passes through trap duct 248 and air handler 230 before entering an exhaust conduit 250. From exhaust conduit 250, such humid air passes out of dryer appliance 54 through a vent 252 defined by cabinet 202. After the clothing articles have been dried, they are removed from the drum 216 via entry 222. A door 260 provides for closing or accessing drum 216 through entry 222.
A user interface panel 270 is positioned on a cabinet backsplash and includes a cycle selector knob 272 that is in communication with a processing device or controller (such as a controller 62). Signals generated in controller 62 operate motor 220, air hander, 230, and heating assembly 240 in response to the position of selector knobs 272. User interface panel 270 may further conclude additional indicators, a display screen, a touch screen interface 174, etc. for providing information to a user of the dryer appliance 54 and receiving suitable operational feedback. Alternatively, a touch screen type interface, knobs, sliders, buttons, speech recognition, etc., mounted to cabinet backsplash or at any other suitable location to permit a user to input control commands for dryer appliance 54 and/or controller 62.
Controller 62 may include memory and one or more processing devices such as microprocessors, CPUs or the like, such as general or special purpose microprocessors operable to execute programming instructions or micro-control code associated with operation of dryer appliance 54. The memory can represent random access memory such as DRAM, or read only memory such as ROM or FLASH. The processor executes programming instructions stored in the memory. The memory may be a separate component from the processor or may be included onboard within the processor. Alternatively, controller 62 may be constructed without using a microprocessor, e.g., using a combination of discrete analog and/or digital logic circuitry (such as switches, amplifiers, integrators, comparators, flip-flops, AND gates, and the like) to perform control functionality instead of relying upon software.
In general, controller 62 is in operative communication with various components of dryer appliance 54. In particular, controller 62 is in operative communication with motor 220 and heating assembly 240. Thus, upon receiving an activation signal from cycle selector knob 272, controller 62 can activate motor 220 to rotate drum 216 and air handler 230. Controller 62 can also activate heating assembly 240 in order to generate heated air for drum 216, e.g., in the manner described above.
Controller 62 is also in communication with a thermal or temperature sensor 280, e.g., a thermocouple or thermistor. Temperature sensor 280 is configured for measuring a temperature of heated air within duct 226. Temperature sensor 280 can be positioned at any suitable location within dryer appliance 54. For example, temperature sensor 280 may be positioned within or on duct 226. Controller 62 can receive a signal from temperature sensor 280 that corresponds to a temperature measurement of heated air within duct 226, e.g., a temperature measurement of heated air exiting duct 226 at outlet 246.
Now that the construction of system 50, washing machine appliance 52, dryer appliance 54, and external communication system 60 have been presented according to exemplary embodiments, an exemplary method 300 of operating a system of laundry appliances will be described. Although the discussion below refers to the exemplary method 300 of operating system 50 to adjust the operation of washing machine appliance 52, one skilled in the art will appreciate that the exemplary method 300 is applicable to the monitoring and control of any suitable system of laundry appliances. In exemplary embodiments, the various method steps as disclosed herein may be performed by controllers 62, remote server 68, and/or a separate, dedicated controller.
Referring generally to
At step 302, method 300 may include performing a drying operation within the dryer appliance. In detail, a drying operation may be performed on a laundry load within a dryer appliance (e.g., dryer appliance 54). As discussed above, the dryer appliance may be part of a laundry treatment assembly or system, or may be part of a combination washing machine/dryer appliance. The drying operation may be performed according to a set of drying parameters. For instance, the user may insert the laundry load into a drum (e.g., drum 216) of the dryer appliance to be dried. The user may then select one or more options, e.g., from a user interface panel (e.g., user interface panel 270). Additionally or alternatively, the user may select one or more options for the drying operation from a mobile device in wireless communication with the dryer appliance.
In detail, the user may select a dryness level. The dryness level may be selected from a plurality of options, such as very dry, more dry, normal, less dry, way less dry, or the like. Additionally or alternatively, the user may select a length of time for which the drying operation is to perform. The length of time may be presented in predetermined increments. The user may also select a temperature level for the air to be supplied to the drum for the drying operation. For instance, the temperature (or heat level) may be selected from one of no heat, low heat, medium heat, high heat, or the like. Finally, the user may select a predetermined drying operation having preselected parameters. In some embodiments, the dryer appliance may include one or more sensors therein (e.g., humidity sensors, temperature sensors, etc.) which may provide information for the controller to determine when the laundry load has reached an appropriate or desired dryness level. These drying operations may be referred to as “smart drying operations.”
At step 304, method 300 may include receiving user feedback regarding the drying operation. In detail, the controller (e.g., of the laundry system) may register one or more pieces of data indicating user feedback of the drying operation. The data may be regarded as active feedback or passive feedback. For instance, according to at least one embodiment, the controller may transmit a feedback request to the user. The feedback request may be displayed to the user on the user interface panel. Additionally or alternatively, the feedback request may be transmitted to one or more mobile devices of the user (e.g., a mobile phone, a smartwatch, a tablet, etc.). According to at least one embodiment, the user receives a push notification from a mobile application registered to the dryer appliance.
The feedback request may include a prompt to provide a rating of the drying operation. For instance, the prompt may include a scale of dryness observed by the user upon completion of the drying operation. The scale may include, for example, choices such as way too dry, too dry, acceptable, too damp, way too damp, or the like. The user may thus input the level of dryness experienced. This may be considered active user feedback regarding the drying operation.
In some embodiments, the controller may collect passive user feedback. In detail, the passive user feedback may be determined from inputs (e.g., physical inputs) from the user to the dryer appliance during the drying operation. In at least one example, the controller may monitor an opening and a closing of the door to the dryer appliance during the drying operation. The controller may detect (e.g., via a door sensor such as door sensor 156) that the user opens and closes the door one or more times during the drying operation. From this information, the controller may conclude that the user is checking the dampness or dryness level of the laundry load within the dryer appliance. Accordingly, the controller may interpret this feedback as dissatisfaction of the drying operation. This may be referred to as passive user feedback.
According to another example, the controller may monitor the user's inputs to the user interface (e.g., on the dryer appliance or through a mobile application). The inputs may be associated particularly with the drying operation. For instance, the controller may determine that the user regularly presses a button requesting a “more dry” level for the laundry load. Additionally or alternatively, the controller may register inputs such as temperature increases, time increases or decreases, or the like. In another example, during the smart drying operation, the user may press a button for “less time.” Since the smart drying operation has predefined inputs, this time selection may have no effect (e.g., may not reduce the actual run time of the drying operation). Thus, the controller may infer that the user in dissatisfied with the length of time of the drying operation. It should be understood that the user feedback described herein (active and passive) is not exhaustive, and that additional types or methods of receiving user feedback or feedback input would be understood.
At step 306, method 300 may include evaluating a most recently performed spin cycle upon receiving the user feedback. The most recently performed spin cycle may be defined by a first set of parameters (e.g., as described above). In detail, the most recently performed spin cycle may be the final spin cycle performed in a most recent washing operation. As described above, the washing machine appliance may perform the washing operation prior to the dryer appliance performing the drying operation. Accordingly, the controller may store the first set of parameters incorporated into the spin cycle.
In at least one embodiment, the evaluating of the most recently performed spin cycle may include determining a rotational speed of the drum during the spin cycle. The washing machine appliance may be capable of rotating (or spinning) the drum (e.g., wash basket 114) at various speeds as certain operations dictate. Accordingly, the controller may determine the speed at which the drum was rotated in the most recently performed spin cycle and compare the determined speed to a maximum allowable rotational speed.
In another embodiment, the evaluating of the most recently performed spin cycle may include determining a total length of time of the spin cycle. For instance, the controller may measure or detect (e.g., via one or more sensors and or timers) a total length of time for which the spin cycle was performed in the most recently performed washing operation. The detected length of time may be compared to, for instance, a table of time lengths appropriate for certain laundry loads. In some embodiments, the controller may consider one or more of a laundry load size, a laundry load type, a wash level selection, a time of day, or the like when comparing the detected length of time.
At step 308, method 300 may include adjusting one or more parameters of the first set of parameters based on the feedback input to generate a second set of parameters. In detail, the controller may create, develop, or otherwise store an adjusted set of parameters resulting from the user feedback and the evaluation of the most recently performed spin cycle (or washing operation in total). As described above, the one or more parameters may be associated with the spin cycle. In particular, the one or more parameters may be associated with a final spin cycle performed at the conclusion of the washing operation. It should be understood that the one or more parameters may be associated with one or more other cycles involved in the washing operation, as certain embodiments see fit.
The controller may thus adjust the rotational speed of the drum. For instance, the controller may register a user feedback that a lower drying time is desired, a total dryness level of the laundry load is desired, or the like. In evaluating the most recently performed spin cycle, the controller may determine that the rotational speed of the drum was below the maximum rotational speed of the drum. Accordingly, the controller may adjust the first set of parameters to increase the rotational speed of the drum during the spin cycle to the maximum rotational speed. It should be understood that the disclosure is not limited to the examples given herein. For instance, in some embodiments, the user feedback may result in a shorter spin cycle time and/or a lower rotational speed of the drum during the spin cycle.
According to another embodiment, the controller may adjust the length of time of the spin cycle. For instance, the controller may register the user feedback that a lower drying time is desired, a total dryness level of the laundry load is desired, or the like. In evaluating the most recently performed spin cycle, the controller may determine that a length of time of the spin cycle was inadequate (e.g., in the most recently performed spin cycle). Thus, the controller may adjust the total length of time of the spin cycle in the adjusted set of parameters. It should be noted that additional changes to the operating parameters of the washing operation may be incorporated in addition to or in place of those described herein. Moreover, it should be understood that the adjusted set of parameters may include adjustments to each of the rotational speed and the length of time of the spin cycle. Moreover still, it should be understood that additional cycles or steps within the washing cycle may be adjusted as a result of the user feedback. For one example, the controller may increase a length of time for which a drain pump of the washing machine appliance is left in an open state so as to ensure a complete drainage of the rinse water.
At step 310, method 300 may include incorporating the second set (or adjusted set) of parameters into a spin cycle of a subsequent washing operation. The controller may save the second, or adjusted, set of parameters within a memory thereof. Accordingly, upon the next laundry load inserted for a washing operation, the controller may incorporate the second set of parameters. Advantageously, the laundry load may be in a better condition for drying at the commencement of the drying operation, thus reducing the overall laundry operation time and improving a quality of the laundry load upon completion.
It should be noted that the controller receiving the feedback, evaluating the spin cycle, the washing operation, and the drying operation, adjusting the one or more parameters, and incorporating the adjusted set of parameters may be provided within the washing machine appliance, the dryer appliance, a combination of each, or neither. Indeed, the controller may be provided within a connected network or remote server (e.g., network 64, server 68). Thus, it should be understood that the performance of method 300 may be carried out by one or more of the appliances described herein.
According to the embodiments described herein, a controller of a laundry treatment assembly may monitor one or more parameters of a washing operation and a drying operation. The controller may receive user feedback upon the completion of a drying operation regarding the performance and satisfaction of the drying operation. The controller may then evaluate a most recently performed washing operation, specifically a spin cycle thereof. The spin cycle may include a first set of operating parameters, including a rotational speed of a drum and a total cycle time of the spin cycle. The controller may then adjust one or more of the parameters to generate a second set of parameters, adjusted from the first set. The second set of parameters may be incorporated into a subsequent washing operation in order to more adequately and efficiently perform the drying operation.
This written description uses examples to disclose the invention, including the best mode, and also to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the invention, including making and using any devices or systems and performing any incorporated methods. The patentable scope of the invention is defined by the claims, and may include other examples that occur to those skilled in the art. Such other examples are intended to be within the scope of the claims if they include structural elements that do not differ from the literal language of the claims, or if they include equivalent structural elements with insubstantial differences from the literal languages of the claims.
