Patent Application
20070129984
The present invention relates generally to the field of data processing and to systems and methods for managing products within one or more electronic or e-business systems. More particularly, and without limitation, the invention relates to systems and methods for optimizing a delivery process of ordered products within a supply chain management system.
The success of a business company depends essentially on the requirement that customer demands on goods and services be fulfilled precisely, cost-efficiently, and on time. Therefore, many companies make use of a supply chain management system to control and optimize their production and delivery processes.
Supply chain management may include the process of coordinating the flow of goods, services, information and finances between the involved parties, such as manufactures, suppliers, wholesalers, retailers, and consumers. This process may include, among others, order processing, information feedback, and timely delivery of ordered goods and services.
Processes within supply chain management may include checking whether a quantity of products ordered by a customer is available at some location, for example, warehouses and production plants, at a given time. This check is denoted as an Available-to-Promise (ATP) check. Various ways of selecting particular locations and checking the availability of products at these locations can be defined in a number of rules. These rules are denoted as ATP rules. The rules to be applied may be determined based on the particular order which is to be ATP checked.
Sometimes the quantity of products ordered is met only by combining availabilities at multiple locations together. In such cases, the products may be shipped from these multiple locations directly to the customer.
In some cases, however, the products from one or more locations may be shipped to a particular location where the products are processed before they are shipped to the customer. This process is denoted as a consolidation process. One reason for using a consolidation process may be, for example, to send the ordered products together in one delivery to the customer. Another reason may be in cases of foreign trade or export business, for example, if only a particular location has the capability to prepare export licenses.
If an external supplier is involved in the supply chain, then the products of the external supplier may be delivered directly from the external supplier to the customer.
Embodiments consistent with the present invention provide methods and systems for optimizing the delivery process of ordered products from a supplier to a customer through a consolidation location within a supply chain management system.
Consistent with an embodiment of the present invention, a computer-implemented method is provided for processing, within a supply chain management system, a product order received from a customer. The method comprises the steps of determining, based on the received product order, a consolidation location for the products, performing a third party order processing (TPOP) check for at least a part of the products at a location which is external with respect to the supply chain management system, shipping the products found to be available at the external location to the consolidation location, and processing the products at the consolidation location.
In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, the consolidation location may be an internal location with respect to the supply chain management system.
Consistent with another embodiment, methods consistent with an aspect of the invention may include the steps of performing, based on the determined consolidation location, an availability-to-promise check for a part of the products at a location which is internal with respect to the supply chain management system, and processing the products found to be available at the internal location at the consolidation location.
In accordance with a further embodiment of the present invention, the internal location may belong to a supplier of the products.
In accordance with yet another embodiment, the above-described method may comprise a step of shipping the processed products from the consolidation location to the customer.
In accordance with one embodiment, the above-described method may comprise a step of shipping the processed products in one delivery from the consolidation location to the customer.
In accordance with further embodiments of the present invention, the step of determining a consolidation location may comprise evaluating at least one rule which specifies a number of consolidation locations, whereby the rule further specifies a substitution requirement which initiates third-party order processing.
In accordance with one embodiment, the consolidation location may be specified by a system which is external with respect to the supply chain management system.
Consistent with another embodiment of the present invention, an apparatus comprises a data storage device within a supply chain management system for storing data about a plurality of products, means for receiving and processing a customer order, means for determining at least one consolidation location, means for performing a TPOP check for products at a location which is external with respect to the supply chain management system, means for shipping products from the external location to the consolidation location, and means for processing the products at the consolidation location.
Consistent with yet another embodiment of the present invention, a computer-readable medium comprises computer-executable instructions, which when loaded into a computer system, perform methods consistent with the present invention, such as that noted above.
Consistent with embodiments of the present invention, consolidation may allow processing of deliveries at a special location before shipping to the customer. Accordingly, deliveries from external suppliers are first shipped to the special location, e.g., the consolidation location, in order to process the delivery before being delivered to the customer.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the invention, as claimed.
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention. In the drawings:
a illustrates an exemplary delivery process using a consolidation location;
b illustrates an exemplary delivery process from an external supplier to the customer;
c illustrates an exemplary delivery process integrating the external supplier into the consolidation process;
Reference will now be made in detail to the embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Wherever possible, the same reference numbers will be used throughout the drawings to refer to the same or like parts.
Consolidation of deliveries means that the deliveries are processed at a special location before the products are shipped to the customer. The location where consolidation occurs is denoted as consolidation location. A reason for performing the consolidation may be to satisfy the need to send the ordered products in just one delivery to the customer. Another reason may be in cases of foreign trade or export business, for example, if only the consolidation location has the capability to prepare export licenses. Furthermore, at the consolidation location, it is possible to merge several deliveries coming from different locations, including external supplier locations, into one delivery.
The products of the internal locations may be shipped using stock transfer orders to the consolidation location, i.e., the consolidation location is the target location of a stock transfer order. A stock transfer order is a purchase order used to request or instruct a plant or a location to transport products from one plant or location to another plant or location within the same enterprise. A consolidation location is defined in one or more ATP rules or may be overridden by an external software system, for example, by a CRM sales order.
Which consolidation location is used for a delivery may be defined by a plurality of ATP rules, whereby the determination of the corresponding ATP rules to be applied is performed based on a plurality of parameters, which are included in the corresponding order, for example, customer or order fields. The ATP rules may also define alternatives for products which are temporarily not available, or for products for which successor products are available. Furthermore, the ATP rules may define alternative product locations, for example, if a product is not available during an availability check with a first product location. In this way, the consolidation locations may be freely defined according to different business requirements, the delivery of products may be better optimized, and the customers demand to deliver the ordered products in a single delivery may be considered during the delivery process even if a part of the ordered products is provided by an external supplier.
a illustrates an exemplary delivery process in which a consolidation is performed at a consolidation location 30. A customer 10 sends an order 60 to a supplier 20. The order 60 may be in the form of an electronic order transmitted by email or a traditional order transmitted by mail. The order 60 comprises at least information about the ordered product and the ordered quantity. The supplier 20 feeds the data about the order 60 into the supply chain management system which processes the order 60.
Within the supply chain management system, an availability check with respect to the ordered products may be performed. Thereby, product locations 40 and 50, which are internal locations with respect to the supply chain management system, are identified as product locations that can provide the ordered quantity of products, whereby each of the product locations 40 and 50 may provide a part of the ordered quantity of products according to the customer order 60. These parts are delivered as two partial deliveries 71 and 72 from the product locations 40 and 50 to the consolidation location 30.
At the consolidation location 30, the two partial deliveries 71 and 72 are processed according to several requirements. The requirements may be, for example, preparing export licenses or transport documents. After that process, the products can be delivered 70 as one single delivery or multiple shipments from the consolidation location 30 to the customer 10.
b shows an example of a delivery process from an external supplier to the customer. As in
If the supplier 80 can fulfill the third-party order 61, then the supplier 80 delivers 70 the ordered products, or a part of them, to the customer 10. If the supplier 80 is an external supplier, then the delivery process shown in
c illustrates an exemplary delivery process integrating the external supplier into the consolidation process. In this exemplary embodiment, a delivery of an external supplier is first shipped to a consolidation location before being delivered to the customer. Internal supplier locations 40 and 50 and a consolidation location 30 belong to a supplier 20. An external supplier 80 represents a third-party supplier and does not belong to the supplier 20.
Accordingly, a customer 10 sends an order 60 to the supplier 20. The order 60 may be again in the form of an electronic order transmitted by email or a traditional order transmitted by mail. The order 60 comprises at least information about the ordered product and the ordered quantity. The order 60 may additionally comprise the customer requirement that the ordered products should be delivered as one single delivery to the customer 10. The supplier 20 feeds the data about the order 60 into the supply chain management system which processes this order 60. The supply chain management system holds miscellaneous information about a plurality of products. Such information may comprise the location and quantity of the products available. The ordered products may be provided by the internal locations 40 and 50 and the consolidation location 30.
Consistent with an embodiment of the present invention, the supply chain management system, after receiving the customer order 60, performs an availability check process. In order to optimize the route of transportation and reduce transportation costs, the availability check process first checks the consolidation location 30 for availability of the ordered products. If the consolidation location cannot meet the required quantity of products, then the internal locations 40 and 50 are available to provide the required quantity of products by creating stock transfer orders in the supply management system for the corresponding internal locations 40 and 50.
If there remains a quantity of products which is not confirmed by these availability checks, the availability check process attempts to determine more locations which are able to provide the remaining quantity of products. In this example, such a location may be the external supplier location 80.
The supply chain management system, which includes the supplier 20 and has information about products with the internal locations 40 and 50 and with the consolidation location 30, holds information about external suppliers, especially about the products to be provided by the external suppliers. Therefore, the supply chain management system is able to determine external suppliers that can provide the remaining quantity of products.
If such an external supplier 80 exists, then the supply chain management system creates a purchase order 61 and forwards this order 61 to the external supplier 80. The external supplier 80 may send a purchase order confirmation whereby it confirms the purchase order data.
As shown in
At the consolidation location 30, the partial deliveries from the internal locations 40 and 50 and the external location 80 can be merged and then shipped 70 as one single delivery. Alternatively, the partial deliveries may not be merged and shipped as multiple deliveries from the consolidation location 30 to the customer 10.
Consistent with another embodiment of the present invention, several products may be provided only by external suppliers. If the customer order 60 comprises a product to be provided only by external suppliers, then the supply chain management system, which includes the supplier 20, does not perform an availability check regarding the consolidation location 30 or the internal locations 40 and 50. The information whether a product is provided only by external suppliers may be also part of the information about the external suppliers and their products within the supply chain management system. Therefore, it may be possible that the whole customer order 60 is provided only by one or more external suppliers.
In the second step 302, comprising sub-steps 302.1 and 302.2, sourcing locations are determined and checked for availability of the products. The sourcing locations are the locations where the requested products, according to the customer order, are located. The product data comprises a TPOP indicator having one of the following values: “Always from supplier”, “Non-TPOP”, and “Mixed”. The value “Always from supplier” indicates that the product is always provided by an external supplier. The value “Non-TPOP” indicates that the product is provided by an internal location. And the value “Mixed” indicates that the product is provided by an internal location or an external supplier.
Within step 302, the sub-step 302.1 is performed first. In sub-step 302.1, an availability check is performed. The availability check may be a rules-based availability check or a non-rules-based availability check. The rules-based availability check determines and finds at least one ATP rule comprising a consolidation location and substitution requirements, for example, other internal locations or product alternatives. TPOP is switched on for at least one requirement. The consolidation location may also be provided by the online transaction processing system (OLTP) which sent the order to the supply chain management system, for example, a customer relationship management system (CRM). If a non-rules-based availability check is switched on but a consolidation location is given as override from the order and the check instruction defines that TPOP is switched on, then this results in the same processing and result structures as if ATP rules would have been switched on.
Check instructions are settings in the supply chain management system specifying the methods or processes to be executed, as well as the execution of the rules-based availability check. The check instruction comprises two indicators for TPOP: “SOS_EXECUTE” (Start Source Determination) and “SOS_EXECUTE_METH” (Source Determination Method). These indicators define how the source determination is executed in order to find a supplier.
Valid values for the field SOS_EXECUTE are: “First availability check, then TPOP check”, “TPOP immediately”, or “Only availability check”. In the first case, the basic methods for performing an availability check at internal locations are combined with the methods for performing a TPOP check for the external supplier. In the second case, TPOP is performed immediately. The basic methods for performing an availability check at internal locations are not performed. In the third case, only the basic methods for performing an availability check at internal locations are executed and TPOP is turned off.
The field value SOS_EXECUTE_METH specifies how the TPOP check has to be done. Valid values for the field SOS_EXECUTE_METH are:
A valid combination of the two indicator values may be as follows:
Assuming the check instruction leads to a TPOP check, the system continues with the next sub-step 302.2: a TPOP check is performed according to the check instruction of the determined substitution requirement in step 302.1. Checking against scheduling agreements may be performed only in combination with the redirection of the corresponding scheduling agreements. A scheduling agreement may exist between external suppliers and internal suppliers (internal locations) which control quantities and dates of products to be delivered from the external supplier to the internal supplier. In the case that the deliveries from the external suppliers has to be consolidated in the consolidation location the scheduling agreements between the external suppliers and the consolidation location has to be checked. Therefore, the scheduling agreements have to be redirected to the consolidation location. The TPOP check determines one or more suppliers which can provide the required products. If TPOP determines more than one supplier, then the first one is used.
The result of the second step 302 is a plurality of products confirmed by internal locations (in sub-step 302.1) and external locations (in sub-step 302.2).
These confirmations from all sourcing locations (internal and external) are merged and consolidated in the next step 303. In step 303, a controller structure is formed, whereby for confirmations from external sourcing locations a separate consolidation requirement within the consolidation requirement group is created in order to distinguish between internal and external locations. This is necessary since the supply chain management system has to trigger several special processes, for example, creation of orders or creation of vendor invoices, for the products from external suppliers. How the controller structure is formed in one embodiment consistent with the present invention is described in detail in reference to
In the next step 304 after saving the customer order, planned purchase orders, also called purchase requisition, are created. A planned purchase order has the supplier location as delivering location and the consolidation location as receiving location. These planned purchase orders are converted in step 305 to real purchase orders. A real purchase order represents a request to a vendor, an external supplier, or a plant to deliver a certain quantity of a product or to perform a service at a specific time. Afterwards, the planned purchase orders are deleted.
The method continues with step 306 wherein the real purchase orders are sent to the external supplier. The external supplier checks the received real purchase orders and may send back a confirmation. If the confirmation from the supplier is different from the real purchase order, then the real purchase order may be updated with the confirmation dates in step 307. For example, the confirmation can have different quantities and/or different delivery dates. A new availability check has to be performed. The availability check is triggered during the update of the real purchase order. The availability check performs a standard availability check against the updated real purchase order.
If a purchase order update was made, then the sales order items are updated according to the updated purchase orders in step 308. If the external supplier cancels the purchase order completely, this external supplier is stored with the respective sales order item. When triggering a further availability check for this sales order item, the system hands over this supplier as external exclusion, assuring that the availability check does not select the same supplier again.
The controller structure consists of an anchor item 100 which is linked with a consolidation requirement group 101. The consolidation requirement group 101 comprises the consolidation requirements 103 and 105. In this example, each consolidation requirement 103 and 105 is linked 107 and 108 with the substitution requirement group 102. The consolidation requirement 103 represents the consolidation requirement for the internal locations L1, L2, L3, and CL. The consolidation requirement 105 represents the consolidation requirement for the supplier location 104. The substitution requirement group 102 comprises the substitution requirements 109 according to the result of the location determination. Furthermore, the substitution requirement group 102 comprises the TPOP substitution requirement 104. Each of the substitution requirements 109 is linked 110 with the consolidation requirement 103. The substitution requirement 104 is linked 106 with the consolidation requirement 105.
Forming the controller structure, as shown in
In the next step 202, the new substitution requirement 104 for the external location, i.e., supplier location, is inserted into the substitution requirement group 102. In order to distinguish between internal and external locations in the next step 203, a new consolidation requirement 105 with respect to the new substitution requirement 104 is inserted into the consolidation requirement group 101.
In the following step 204, the consolidation requirement 105 is inserted, as a successor 106, into the substitution requirement 104.
In step 205, a flag is set within the consolidation requirement 105, which indicates that the consolidation requirement 105 is representing a requirement containing external product locations.
Finally, in step 206, the consolidation requirement 105 is linked 108 to the substitution requirement group 102.
In an embodiment consistent with the present invention, the tree representation is formed within the main memory. This means, that the tree representation is not stored in a data storage. First, a root node 110, i.e., the anchor item, is created. The root node represents the location L1 and product A. Next, a node 111, representing the consolidation in consolidation location CL, is created and linked as a child node of the root node 110.
Then, two nodes 112 are created, representing the product A consolidated in the consolidation location. These two nodes 112 are inserted as child nodes of the consolidation node 111 in the tree representation. For the first location node 112, a child node 113 is created which summarizes the internal locations. Below the child node 113, nodes 115 for each internal location are created. For the second location node 112, a child node 114 is created which summarizes the external locations. Below the child node 114, nodes 116 for each external location are created.
In an embodiment consistent with the present invention, only one product node 112 may be created, whereby both location nodes 113 and 114 may be created as child nodes of one product node 112.
This example of a tree representation represents the fact that the confirmations coming from internal locations and the confirmations coming from external locations are separated.
The present techniques can be implemented in digital electronic circuitry or in computer hardware, firmware, software, or in combinations thereof. An apparatus consistent with the present invention can be implemented in a computer program product tangibly embodied in a machine-readable storage device for execution by a programmable processor. Method steps consistent with the invention can be performed by a programmable processor executing a program of instructions to perform functions of the invention by operating on the basis of input data and by generating output data. Embodiments of the invention may be implemented in one or several computer programs that are executable in a programmable system, which includes at least one programmable processor coupled to receive data from at least one input device and transmit data to at least one output device in a storage system. Computer programs may be implemented in a high-level or object-oriented programming language, and/or in assembly or machine code. The language or code can be a compiled or interpreted language or code. Processors may include general and special purpose microprocessors. A processor receives instructions and data from memory, in particular from read-only memory and/or random access memory. A computer may include one or more mass storage devices for storing data. Such devices may include magnetic disks, for example, internal hard disks, removable disks; magneto-optical disks; and optical disks. Storage devices suitable for tangibly embodying computer program instructions and data include all forms of non-volatile memory, including, by way of example, semiconductor memory devices, such as EPROM, EEPROM, and flash memory devices; magnetic disks, such as internal hard disks and removable disks; magneto-optical disks; and CD-ROM disks. Any of the foregoing can be supplemented by or incorporated in ASICs (application-specific integrated circuits).
The computer systems or distributed computer networks, as mentioned above, may be used, for example, for producing goods, delivering parts for assembling products, controlling technical or economical processes, or implementing telecommunication activities.
To provide interaction with a user, the methods and systems of the present invention can be implemented on a computer system having a display device, such as a monitor or LCD screen, for displaying information to the user and a keyboard and a pointing device, such as a mouse or a trackball, by which the user can provide input to the computer system. The computer system can be programmed to provide a graphical or text user interface through which computer programs interact with users.
A computer may include a processor, memory coupled to the processor, a hard drive controller, a video controller and an input/output controller coupled to the processor by a processor bus. The hard drive controller is coupled to a hard disk drive suitable for storing executable computer programs, including programs embodying the present technique. The I/O controller is coupled by means of an I/O bus to an I/O interface. The I/O interface receives and transmits in analogue or digital form over at least one communication link. Such a communication link may be a serial link, a parallel link, local area network, or wireless link (e.g., RF communication link). A display is coupled to an interface, which is coupled to an I/O bus. A keyboard and pointing device are also coupled to the I/O bus. Alternatively, separate buses may be used for the keyboard pointing device and I/O interface.
In the foregoing specification, the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments thereof. It will, however, be evident that various modifications and changes can be made thereto without departing from the broader spirit and scope of the invention as set forth in the appended claims. The specification and drawings are, accordingly, to be regarded in an illustrative rather than a restrictive sense.
Other embodiments of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the invention being indicated by the following claims.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 05 111 707.5 | Dec 2005 | EP | regional |
