The present disclosure generally relates to systems and methods for detecting and viewing items stored in the bottom of a customer's basket or shopping cart, which location ordinarily may not be visible to a cashier or other store employee processing checkout.
A common configuration for shopping carts, especially in the grocery store context, is to have both an upper basket, in which the customer can load most purchases, and a lower basket, in which the customer might load heavier or bulkier items. One advantage of such configuration is that customers can access the majority of their items without interference from the heavier and/or bulkier items stored in the bottom of the basket (BOB).
Because of the nature of items typically stored in BOB, it may be difficult or impossible to load such items onto a standard checkout lane. For example, such items might be too large to fit on the lane, or simply too heavy for certain customers and/or cashiers to lift and manipulate in the ways necessary to effectuate checkout. Additionally, typical checkout lane configurations often do not allow a cashier to easily assess whether items are stored in BOB. Therefore, cashiers may be forced to rely on customers to inform them that additional items are stored in BOB and need to be accounted for in such situations. Because items stored in BOB often are not in the line of sight of customers, however, customers sometimes forget about such items during checkout. Other customers may purposefully store items in BOB with the hope or expectation that they might avoid payment for those items. Thus, for a variety of reasons, customers might fail to inform the cashier that there are items stored in BOB.
Whether a customer fails to alert a cashier to items stored in BOB purposefully or otherwise, such failures can cost retailers significant amounts of money. If the cashier does not independently notice such items, the customer may leave the store without paying for the items. Therefore, it is desirable to provide systems and methods to assist a cashier or other store employee in determining whether or not there are items stored in BOB.
Various solutions have been proposed to alert employees to items in BOB, but existing solutions generally are so technically complex or cost-prohibitive as to render them unworkable for many retail establishments.
The present disclosure generally relates to systems and methods for detecting items in BOB, and more particularly, to systems and methods for providing an image of BOB to a cashier conducting retail checkout.
In one embodiment, the present disclosure provides a relatively inexpensive BOB detection system capable of displaying images of BOB to a cashier or other store employee responsible for verifying whether items are stored in BOB. This solution can optionally be implemented and contained as a single unit for ease of installation or retrofitting equipment.
In another embodiment, the present disclosure provides that the cashier or other store employee responsible for verifying whether items are stored in BOB can optionally add items to a customer's order without physically scanning or otherwise manipulating the items. Further embodiments and combinations of embodiments are described and would be apparent to those skilled in the art throughout the present disclosure.
In one embodiment, the present disclosure provides a BOB detection system capable of automatically determining whether items are stored in BOB without requiring any cashier or store employee verification.
The features and advantages of the present disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art. While numerous changes may be made by those skilled in the art, such changes are within the spirit of the disclosure.
Some specific example embodiments of the disclosure may be understood by referring, in part, to the following description and the accompanying figures.
While the present disclosure is susceptible to various modifications and alternative forms, specific example embodiments have been shown in the figures and are herein described in more detail. It should be understood, however, that the description of specific example embodiments is not intended to limit the invention to the particular forms disclosed, but on the contrary, this disclosure is to cover all modifications and equivalents as illustrated, in part, by the appended claims.
The present disclosure generally relates to systems and methods for detecting items in BOB.
More particularly, the present disclosure provides systems and methods for providing an image of at least a portion of the BOB area (and optionally, other information) to a cashier conducting retail checkout. In the methods of the present disclosure, a shopping cart passes a BOB detection unit installed in a checkout lane and trigger a sensor or other detection / triggering mechanism (e.g., a reflective photo beam sensor) at the checkout lane. The sensor is coupled with an image collection device, such as a digital camera unit, in such a way that triggering the sensor causes the image collection device to capture an image of BOB. The image is then passed to the cashier processing checkout for further consideration. The present disclosure also provides methods by which a cashier must acknowledge the presence or absence of items in BOB before continuing checkout. The present disclosure also provides systems that are configured in a variety of ways so as to provide images of BOB in a simple, cost-effective manner.
The present disclosure also provides systems and methods for providing the image to a model for automatically determining whether or not an item is located in BOB. The model may allow for automatic determination after capture of the image of BOB, without the need for visual verification by the cashier or store employee. In some embodiments, the system and method may display the image to the cashier or store employee such that the cashier or store employee may identify the object located in the BOB area based on the image displayed.
In many embodiments, retailers using or providing the methods and systems of the present disclosure may be retrofitting existing equipment in order to provide the desired functionality. As described herein, the present disclosure describes the ability to package the system in a self-contained, easily installed unit that is compatible with most existing checkout systems and configurations. Additionally, any cart can be made to work with the present disclosure by, for example, affixing or providing a reflective surface on a portion of the cart that passes a reflective photo beam sensor. The reflective photo beam sensor may be any suitable unit capable of both projecting and receiving a photoelectric beam capable of transmission to and from a reflective surface. Additionally, a person of skill in the art would understand that, if desired, separate sensors could be used for emitting and receiving the signal. Similarly, the image collection device can be any device capable of capturing an image that can then be displayed to a cashier. Although a USB camera is described below in connection with the preferred embodiment, a person of skill in the art would understand that a variety of other solutions could be utilized as well. The sensor and image collection device are configured such that when the photo sensor is triggered, an image taken with the image collection device will show whether any items are stored in BOB. That image can be displayed to the cashier or other store employee responsible for that checkout lane, and the employee can be made to acknowledge whether or not items are present in BOB before proceeding with checkout.
Among the many potential advantages to the methods and compositions of the present disclosure, only some of which are alluded to herein, the methods and systems of the present disclosure may provide a more efficient, cost-effective, and/or flexible means of detecting items stored in BOB. In some embodiments, the methods and systems of the present disclosure may provide retailers greater variety and/or choice in methods of designing or retrofitting checkout lanes and terminals in ways that minimize losses for the retailers.
The control circuit 130, which may be comprised of one or more camera drivers, may be configured such that the image collection device 120 is triggered once the cashier scans an item. For example, the image collection device may be triggered when the cashier scans the first item of a customer's shopping cart. In other embodiments, the control circuit 130 may be configured such that when the reflective photo beam sensor 110 is triggered by the detection of a reflective surface in the area in front of the BOB detection system 100, the image collection device 120 captures an image of the BOB. In other embodiments, the control circuit 130 may be configured such that the image collection device 120 is triggered based on motion detection. The control circuit 130 may use a method of automatically identifying when an object is in front of the BOB detection system 100 without the cashier scanning an item or use of any reflective surface 210 as described above. Instead, in some embodiments, the control circuit 130 may use background subtraction to detect motion in the BOB area. For example, the control circuit 210 may store or access a background image where no shopping cart or other object is in view of the image collection device 120. In some embodiments, the background image may be an image where a shopping cart is in view of the image collection device 120, but no object is in the BOB area of the shopping cart.
The control circuit 210 may compare subsequent frames of the image collection device 120 to the background image and create a mask that indicates the differences between the background image and subsequent images taken. In one embodiment, if the control circuit determines an object is located in the BOB area of a shopping cart, the control circuit 210 may then trigger the image collection device to capture an image of the BOB area. As would be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art, other methods may be used as a triggering mechanism for an image collection device.
In the preferred embodiment depicted in
The image collection device 120 is mounted such that, when triggered, the captured image includes BOB and allows for visual verification as to whether or not items are present in BOB. Depending on how the BOB detection system 100 is installed, various mounting configurations are possible in order to make sure that the captured image includes BOB, as would be understood by a person of skill in the art. In the preferred embodiment illustrated in
This capability optionally could be combined with the ability to automatically or easily acknowledge the presence of certain items that commonly are stored in BOB, such that the cashier or other employee might directly indicate the presence of such items without having to separately scan or otherwise enter identification information for such items. For example, in addition to buttons marked “y” (yes) or “n” (no) to indicate whether items are present in BOB, as described in
Additionally, as one skilled in the art will recognize with the benefit of this disclosure, a BOB detection and image capture system and methods for checking items in BOB can be configured with substitutes for or a subset of the components described herein. For example, reflective photo beam sensor 110 may be replaced with two or more separate sensors, provided that both emitter and receptor sensors are used and are configured so as to sense the presence of reflective material in the area in front of the BOB detection system 100. Additionally, the image captured by image collection device 120 can be transmitted to the employee responsible for verifying the presence of items in BOB by any number of wired or wireless means.
Local model 503 may be stored locally on point of sale server 502. For example, the local model 503 may be stored with the point of sale server 502 via a computer, tablet, mobile device, hard drive, or any other device integrated with the point of sale server. Local model 503 may be used to determine whether or not the image is of a BOB area of a shopping cart. Local model 503 may provide a full or empty response to point of sale server 502. Point of sale server 502 may then transmit a signal to point of sale terminal 501 based on the full or empty response provided by local model 503. For example, if local model 503 returns a “full” response, point of sale server 502 may transmit a signal to display the image captured by image collection device 120 to the point of sale terminal 501, for example, via point of sale terminal display 505. If local model 503 returns an “empty” response, point of sale server 502 may not transmit any signal and may otherwise continue normal system operation. In other embodiments, point of sale server 502 may transmit a signal to display a message to the point of sale terminal 501 indicating that no object is present in the BOB area.
In some embodiments, BOB system 500 may only comprise one prediction model, for example, local model 503. In other embodiments, BOB system 500 may further comprise a cloud model 504. Cloud model 504 may be stored on the cloud, separate or remote from point of sale server 502 and local model 503 stored with the point of sale server 502. Cloud model 504 may be similar to local model 503, but may comprise or be based upon a greater number of images than local model 510. Thus, cloud model 504 may comprise a more extensive database of images than local model 503, and thus, cloud model 504 may be more accurate than local model 503. Cloud model 504 may be a pre-trained model as described above. Additionally, cloud model 504 may be updated or trained more frequently than local model 503. For example, cloud model 504 may be trained based on additional images added or uploaded to cloud model 504 on a daily, weekly, monthly, or yearly basis. In some embodiments, cloud model 504 may continuously update based on new images or data received from image collection device 120. As a result, cloud model 504 may become more accurate as more images and data are collected. Similar to local model 503, cloud model 504 may determine whether or not an object is located in the BOB area of a shopping cart based on the database of images analyzed by the cloud model 504. Cloud model 504 may then provide a full or empty response to point of sale server 502. In some embodiments, local model 503 may be continuously or frequently updated similar to or in the exact same manner that cloud model 504 is updated. In some embodiments, local model 503 may comprise the same number of images in its database of images, rendering local model 503 just as accurate as cloud model 504.
Local model 503 and cloud model 504 may be models based on a software library, such as TensorFlow. The models may use machine learning and numerical computation. The software library may be developed in C, C++, Java, Go, Python, or any language as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art.
Once BOB system 500 is activated or triggered, at step 602, image collection device 120 may capture an image. The image may comprise a view of the BOB area of a shopping cart. In some embodiments, image collection device 120 may capture a single image. In other embodiments, image collection device 120 may capture more than one image. For example, the image collection device may capture 2, 5, 10, 20, or 100 images. The number of images captured by image collection device 120 may vary depending on the configuration of control circuit 130.
At step 603, the one or more images captured by image collection device 120 may be transmitted to a server, for example, the point of sale server 502 of
At step 604, point of sale server 502 utilizes a prediction model, for example local model 503 of
If local model 503 determines there is no object in the BOB area of a shopping cart, local model 503 may transmit or send an “empty” response to point of sale server 502. As a result, point of sale server 502 may not transmit a signal to point of sale terminal 501 to display an image, and instead point of sale server 502 may continue with normal operation. In some embodiments, after the cashier presses a “total” button at the point of sale terminal 501, the cashier will not see any image, and will know that no object is present in the BOB area of the shopping cart. In other embodiments, the cashier may view a message via point of sale display 505 indicating that no objects are present in the BOB area.
Local model 503 may be unable to determine to whether or not an object is present in the BOB of a shopping cart at step 604. If local model 503 is unable to make a determination, point of sale server 502 may transmit the image to cloud model 504, as shown in step 609. At step 610, cloud model 504 may then determine whether or not an object is present in the BOB area. If cloud model 504 determines an object is present in the BOB area of the shopping cart, cloud model 504 may transmit or send a “full” response to point of sale server 502. Point of sale server 502 may then transmit a signal to point of sale terminal 501 to display the image via point of sale terminal display 505, as shown in step 612. In some embodiments, a message may be displayed via point of sale terminal display 505 indicating to the cashier that an object is present in BOB, and the image may only be displayed via point of sale terminal display 505 after the message is first displayed to the cashier. In some embodiments, the cashier may be required to take action to view the image, for example, by selecting or pressing a button via point of sale terminal 501 before the image is displayed in step 607. In some embodiments, the image may be displayed after the cashier has scanned the last item of a customer's order visible to the cashier, for example, once the cashier presses a “total” button at the point of sale terminal, so as to not interrupt the flow of scanning the customer's items. After the image is displayed to the cashier, the cashier may be required to take additional action, such as scanning the item, entering an item code into point of sale terminal 501, or any other action to identify the item in the BOB area of the shopping cart.
If cloud model 504 determines there is no object in the BOB area of the shopping cart, cloud model 504 may send an “empty” response to point of sale server 502. As a result, point of sale server 502 may not transmit a signal to point of sale terminal 501 to display an image and point of sale server 502 may continue normal operation. In some embodiments, after the cashier presses a “total” button at the point of sale terminal 501, the cashier will not see any image, and will know that no object is present in the BOB area of the shopping cart. In other embodiments, the cashier may see a message via point of sale display 505 indicating that no objects are present in the BOB area.
In some embodiments, local model 503, cloud model 504, or both may be configured to provide a “full” or “empty” response along with a probability number to point of sale server 502. The probability number may be indicative of the certainty or confidence of local model 503, cloud model 504, or both in determining the “full” or “empty” response. The probability number may be relative to a scale, for example, a scale of 0 to 100. In some embodiments, point of sale server 502 may evaluate the probability number provided by local model 503, cloud model 504, or both before transmitting a signal to point of sale terminal 501. For example, point of sale server 502 may compare the probability number to a certain threshold number, and only transmit a signal to point of sale terminal 501 to display the image if the probability number meets or exceeds the threshold number. For example, in some embodiments, the threshold number may be 50, 51, 70, 75, or any other number on a specified scale. If the probability number is below the threshold number, point of sale server 502 may transmit a signal to point of sale terminal 501 to not display the image, and instead transmit a signal that returns the BOB system to step 601 or step 602.
Therefore, the present disclosure is well adapted to attain the ends and advantages mentioned, as well as those that are inherent therein. The particular embodiments disclosed above are illustrative only, as the present disclosure may be modified and practiced in different but equivalent manners apparent to those skilled in the art having the benefit of the teachings herein. Furthermore, no limitations are intended to the details of construction or design herein shown, other than as described in the claims below. It is therefore evident that the particular illustrative embodiments disclosed above may be altered or modified and all such variations are considered within the scope and spirit of the present disclosure. While compositions and methods are described in terms of “comprising,” “containing,” or “including” various components or steps, the compositions and methods can also “consist essentially of” or “consist of” the various components and steps. All numbers and ranges disclosed above may vary by some amount. Whenever a numerical range with a lower limit and an upper limit is disclosed, any number and any included range falling within the range is specifically disclosed. In particular, every range of values (of the form, “from about a to about b,” or, equivalently, “from approximately a to b,” or, equivalently, “from approximately a-b”) disclosed herein is to be understood to set forth every number and range encompassed within the broader range of values. Also, the terms in the claims have their plain, ordinary meaning unless otherwise explicitly and clearly defined by the patentee. Moreover, the indefinite articles “a” or “an,” as used in the claims, are defined herein to mean one or more than one of the element that it introduces. If there is any conflict in the usages of a word or term in this specification and one or more patent or other documents that may be incorporated herein by reference, the definitions that are consistent with this specification should be adopted.
This Application is a Continuation-in-part of U.S. application Ser. No. 14/681,918 entitled “Systems and Methods for Detecting Retail Items Stored in the Bottom of the Basket (BOB),” filed on Apr. 8, 2015, which is hereby incorporated by reference herein for all purposes.
Number | Date | Country | |
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Parent | 14681918 | Apr 2015 | US |
Child | 15941571 | US |