The present disclosure generally relates to systems and methods for determining road conditions, and in particular, systems and methods for determining traffic conditions.
With more and more vehicles on the street in urban areas, traffic congestion becomes part of people's daily lives. In many forms of traffic congestion, traffic overflow is undoubtedly a more serious one. Traffic overflow is a certain flow direction of a certain section, caused by the influence of the factors such as road planning or traffic signal timing. In a traffic overflow, a queue of vehicles accumulates waiting for traffic within a certain period is greater than the length of the road section, and the queue extends to the upstream section. The spillover of the queue may lead to the gridlock at the intersection. Therefore, it is desirable to develop systems or methods for determining spillover on roads.
According to a first aspect of the present disclosure, a system is provided. The system may include at least one non-transitory storage medium including a set of instructions and one or more processors in communication with the at least one non-transitory storage medium. When executing the set of instructions, the one or more processors may be directed to perform one or more of the following operations. The one or more processors may obtain a length of a road segment, an upstream intersection and a downstream intersection being linked by the road segment. The one or more processors may obtain a cycle length of a first traffic light and a cycle length of a second traffic light, the first traffic light being located at the downstream intersection, the second traffic light being located at the upstream intersection. The one or more processors may determine a free-flow speed corresponding to the road segment and a back-propagation wave speed corresponding to the road segment. The one or more processors may determine a first queue length of a queue on the road segment at a first time point and a second queue length of the queue at a second time point. The one or more processors may determine a duration of the second queue length, based on the cycle length of the first traffic light, the cycle length of the second traffic light, the free-flow speed, the back-propagation wave speed, and the first queue length. The one or more processors may determine whether the second queue length exceeds the length of the road segment. The one or more processors may cause a display to display a visual representation of a traffic condition relating to the duration of the second queue length based on a result of the determination that second queue length exceeds the length of the road segment.
In some embodiments, a cycle length of a traffic light may include a green-light cycle length and a red-light cycle length. To determine the second queue length of the queue at a second time point, the one or more processors may determine a first growth parameter of the queue related to the green-light cycle length based on the free-flow speed and the back-propagation wave speed. The one or more processors may determine a second growth parameter of the queue related to the red-light cycle length based on the free-flow speed and the back-propagation wave speed. The one or more processors may determine the second queue length of the queue based on the first growth parameter and the second growth parameter.
In some embodiments, the duration of the second queue length may include a green-light spillover duration. To determine the second queue length of the queue at a second time point, the one or more processors may determine a reference queue length of the queue based on the cycle length of the first traffic light, the cycle length of the second traffic light, the free-flow speed, and the back-propagation wave speed. The one or more processors may determine a first length difference between the second queue length of the queue and the length of the road segment. The one or more processors may determine a second length difference between the second queue length of the queue and the reference queue length. The one or more processors may determine the green-light spillover duration based on a ratio of the first length difference and the second length difference. The one or more processors may display a visual representation of a second indicator related to the green-light spillover duration.
In some embodiments, the duration of the second queue length includes a red-light spillover duration. To determine the duration of the second queue length, the one or more processors may determine the red-light spillover duration based on a ratio of a difference between the reference queue length and the length of the road segment to a difference between the second queue length of the queue and the reference queue length. The one or more processors may display a third indicator related to the red-light spillover duration.
In some embodiments, to determine the duration of the second queue length, the one or more processors may determine a sum of the green-light spillover duration and the red-light spillover duration as the duration of the second queue length.
In some embodiments, the one or more processor may further determine whether the reference queue length exceeds the length of the road segment. The one or more processor may further determine the green-light spillover duration as the duration of the second queue length based on a result of the determination that the reference queue length exceeds the length of the road segment. The one or more processor may further cause a display to display a visual representation of a fourth indicator related to the green-light spillover duration.
In some embodiments, to determine the free-flow speed corresponding to the road segment, the one or more processors may obtain traffic data related to the road segment, the traffic data related to the road segment including a vehicle flow rate of the road segment and a vehicle density of the road segment corresponding to the vehicle flow rate. The one or more processors may determine a first vector corresponding to a first status of the road segment based on the traffic data related to the road segment. The first status may be that the vehicle flow rate of the road segment is positively correlated to the vehicle density of the road segment corresponding to the vehicle flow rate. The one or more processors may determine the free-flow speed based on the first vector.
In some embodiments, to determine the back-propagation wave speed corresponding to the road segment, the one or more processors may obtain traffic data related to the road segment. The traffic data related to the road segment may include a vehicle flow rate of the road segment and a vehicle density of the road segment corresponding to the vehicle flow rate. The one or more processors may determine a second vector corresponding to a second status of the road segment based on the traffic data related to the road segment. The second status may be that the vehicle flow rate of the road segment is negatively correlated to the vehicle density of the road segment corresponding to the vehicle flow rate. The one or more processors may determine the back-propagation wave speed based on the second vector.
According to yet another aspect of the present disclosure, a method is provided. The method may be implemented on a computing device for determining a traffic condition. The computing device may include a memory and one or more processors. The method may include one or more of the following operations. The one or more processors may obtain a length of a road segment, an upstream intersection and a downstream intersection being linked by the road segment. The one or more processors may obtain a cycle length of a first traffic light and a cycle length of a second traffic light, the first traffic light being located at the downstream intersection, the second traffic light being located at the upstream intersection. The one or more processors may determine a free-flow speed corresponding to the road segment and a back-propagation wave speed corresponding to the road segment. The one or more processors may determine a first queue length of a queue on the road segment at a first time point and a second queue length of the queue at a second time point. The one or more processors may determine a duration of the second queue length, based on the cycle length of the first traffic light, the cycle length of the second traffic light, the free-flow speed, the back-propagation wave speed, and the first queue length. The one or more processors may determine whether the second queue length exceeds the length of the road segment. The one or more processors may cause a display to display a visual representation of a traffic condition relating to the duration of the second queue length based on a result of the determination that second queue length exceeds the length of the road segment.
According to yet another aspect of the present disclosure, a non-transitory computer readable medium may embody a computer program product. The computer program product may comprise instructions may be executed by one or more processors. The one or more processors may obtain a length of a road segment, an upstream intersection and a downstream intersection being linked by the road segment. The one or more processors may obtain a cycle length of a first traffic light and a cycle length of a second traffic light, the first traffic light being located at the downstream intersection, the second traffic light being located at the upstream intersection. The one or more processors may determine a free-flow speed corresponding to the road segment and a back-propagation wave speed corresponding to the road segment. The one or more processors may determine a first queue length of a queue on the road segment at a first time point and a second queue length of the queue at a second time point. The one or more processors may determine a duration of the second queue length, based on the cycle length of the first traffic light, the cycle length of the second traffic light, the free-flow speed, the back-propagation wave speed, and the first queue length. The one or more processors may determine whether the second queue length exceeds the length of the road segment. The one or more processors may cause a display to display a visual representation of a traffic condition relating to the duration of the second queue length based on a result of the determination that second queue length exceeds the length of the road segment.
The present disclosure is further described in terms of exemplary embodiments. These exemplary embodiments are described in detail with reference to the drawings. These embodiments are non-limiting exemplary embodiments, in which like reference numerals represent similar structures throughout the several views of the drawings, and wherein:
In order to illustrate the technical solutions related to the embodiments of the present disclosure, brief introduction of the drawings referred to in the description of the embodiments is provided below.
Obviously, drawings described below are only some examples or embodiments of the present disclosure. Those having ordinary skills in the art, without further creative efforts, may apply the present disclosure to other similar scenarios according to these drawings. Unless stated otherwise or obvious from the context, the same reference numeral in the drawings refers to the same structure and operation.
As used in the disclosure and the appended claims, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” include plural referents unless the content clearly dictates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms “comprises,” “comprising,” “includes,” and/or “including” when used in the disclosure, specify the presence of stated steps and elements, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other steps and elements.
Some modules of the system may be referred to in various ways according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. However, any number of different modules may be used and operated in a client terminal and/or a server. These modules are intended to be illustrative, not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Different modules may be used in different aspects of the system and method.
According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, flowcharts are used to illustrate the operations performed by the system. It is to be expressly understood, the operations above or below may or may not be implemented in order. Conversely, the operations may be performed in inverted order, or simultaneously. Besides, one or more other operations may be added to the flowcharts, or one or more operations may be omitted from the flowchart.
Technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure are described with reference to the drawings as described below. It is obvious that the described embodiments are not exhaustive and are not limiting. Other embodiments obtained, based on the embodiments set forth in the present disclosure, by those with ordinary skill in the art without any creative works are within the scope of the present disclosure.
In an aspect, the present disclosure is directed to systems and methods for traffic condition determination. The system may determine a discharge speed of a vehicle queue from the downstream intersection reaching the upstream. The system may further determine a whole intersection spillover time (IST) based on the discharge speed and traffic data of the road. The intersection spillover time may be used to determine and analyze the traffic condition of a road.
In some embodiments, the server 110 may perform a plurality of operations to determine the light-cycle patterns of traffic lights. The light-cycle pattern of a traffic light refers to a periodical rule of a plurality of repeated cycles of a traffic light being lit. A cycle of a traffic light may include a green-light duration and a red-light duration. The green-light duration may be a consistent value, and the red-light duration may be a consistent value. The server 110 may control the traffic lights according to the determined light-cycle patterns. In some embodiments, the server 110 may obtain the track data of a plurality of vehicles. The server 110 may determine the traffic condition based on the collected traffic data. In some embodiments, the server 110 may be a single server or a server group. The server group may be centralized, or distributed (e.g., the server 110 may be a distributed system). In some embodiments, the server 110 may be local or remote. For example, the server 110 may access information and/or data stored in the driver terminal 120, the information source 150, and/or the storage device 130 via the network 140. As another example, the server 110 may be directly connected to the driver terminal 120 and/or the storage device 130 to access stored information and/or data. In some embodiments, the server 110 may be implemented on a cloud platform. Merely by way of example, the cloud platform may include a private cloud, a public cloud, a hybrid cloud, a community cloud, a distributed cloud, an inter-cloud, a multi-cloud, or the like, or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, the server 110 may be implemented on a computing device having one or more components illustrated in
In some embodiments, the server 110 may include a processing engine 112. The processing engine 112 may determine a light-cycle pattern for determining traffic conditions. In some embodiments, the processing engine 112 may include one or more processing engines (e.g., single-core processing engine(s) or multi-core processor(s)). Merely by way of example, the processing engine 112 may include a central processing unit (CPU), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), an application-specific instruction-set processor (ASIP), a graphics processing unit (GPU), a physics processing unit (PPU), a digital signal processor (DSP), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), a programmable logic device (PLD), a controller, a microcontroller unit, a reduced instruction-set computer (RISC), a microprocessor, or the like, or any combination thereof.
In some embodiments, the driver terminal 120 may transmit positioning information associated with a vehicle to the server 110. For example, the driver terminal 120 may be a smartphone equipped with a global positioning system (GPS) chipset capable of determining the position of the smartphone. The driver terminal 120 may determine its positions over time and transmit the position data (also referred as the track data) to the server 110. The server 110 may treat the position data as the track data of a vehicle associated with the user of the driver terminal 120 since the positions of the driver terminal 120 may be the same (or almost the same) as the positions of the vehicle. As another example, the driver terminal 120 may be a computing device installed in a vehicle and equipped with a GPS chipset. The driver terminal 120 may determine its positions over time and transmit the position data to the server 110. The server 110 may further obtain track data corresponding to the positioning information. For example, the track data may include a plurality of positions of the driver terminal 120 and/or the vehicles.
In some embodiments, the driver terminal 120 may include a mobile device, a tablet computer, a laptop computer, and a built-in device in a motor vehicle, or the like, or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, the mobile device may include a smart home device, a wearable device, a smart mobile device, a virtual reality device, an augmented reality device, or the like, or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, the smart home device may include a smart lighting device, a control device of an intelligent electrical apparatus, a smart monitoring device, a smart television, a smart video camera, an interphone, or the like, or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, the wearable device may include a smart bracelet, a smart footgear, a smart glass, a smart helmet, a smartwatch, a smart clothing, a smart backpack, a smart accessory, or the like, or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, the smart mobile device may include a smartphone, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a gaming device, a navigation device, or the like, or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, the built-in device in the motor vehicle may include an onboard computer, an onboard television, etc. In some embodiments, the driver terminal 120 may include a device with positioning technology for locating the position of the vehicle (e.g., a device equipped with a GPS chipset).
The storage device 130 may store data and/or instructions. In some embodiments, the storage device 130 may store data obtained/acquired from the driver terminal 120. In some embodiments, the storage device 130 may store data and/or instructions that the server 110 may execute or use to perform exemplary methods described in the present disclosure. In some embodiments, the storage device 130 may include a mass storage, removable storage, a volatile read-and-write memory, a read-only memory (ROM), or the like, or any combination thereof. Exemplary mass storage may include a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a solid-state drive, etc. Exemplary removable storage may include a flash drive, a floppy disk, an optical disk, a memory card, a zip disk, a magnetic tape, etc. Exemplary volatile read-and-write memory may include random-access memory (RAM). Exemplary RAM may include a dynamic RAM (DRAM), a double date rate synchronous dynamic RAM (DDR SDRAM), a static RAM (SRAM), a thyristor RAM (T-RAM), and a zero-capacitor RAM (Z-RAM), etc. Exemplary ROM may include a mask ROM (MROM), a programmable ROM (PROM), an erasable programmable ROM (PEROM), an electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), a compact disk ROM (CD-ROM), and a digital versatile disk ROM, etc. In some embodiments, the storage device 130 may be implemented on a cloud platform. Merely by way of example, the cloud platform may include a private cloud, a public cloud, a hybrid cloud, a community cloud, a distributed cloud, an inter-cloud, a multi-cloud, or the like, or any combination thereof.
In some embodiments, the storage device 130 may be connected to the network 140 to communicate with one or more components in the system 100 (e.g., the server 110, the driver terminal 120). One or more components in the system 100 may access the data or instructions stored in the storage device 130 via the network 140. In some embodiments, the storage device 130 may be directly connected to or communicate with one or more components in the system 100 (e.g., the server 110, the driver terminal 120). In some embodiments, the storage device 130 may be part of the server 110.
The network 140 may facilitate exchange of information and/or data. In some embodiments, one or more components in the system 100 (e.g., the server 110, the driver terminal 120, the storage device 130) may send and/or receive information and/or data to/from another component (s) in the system 100 via the network 140. For example, the server 110 may obtain/acquire the trajectory data of the vehicles from a terminal via the network 140. In some embodiments, the network 140 may be any type of wired or wireless network, or combination thereof. Merely by way of example, the network 140 may include a cable network, a wireline network, an optical fiber network, a tele communications network, an intranet, an Internet, a local area network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN), a wireless local area network (WLAN), a metropolitan area network (MAN), a wide area network (WAN), a public telephone switched network (PSTN), a Bluetooth™ network, a ZigBee™ network, a near field communication (NFC) network, a global system for mobile communications (GSM) network, a code-division multiple access (CDMA) network, a time-division multiple access (TDMA) network, a general packet radio service (GPRS) network, an enhanced data rate for GSM evolution (EDGE) network, a wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA) network, a high speed downlink packet access (HSDPA) network, a long term evolution (LTE) network, a user datagram protocol (UDP) network, a transmission control protocol/Internet protocol (TCP/IP) network, a short message service (SMS) network, a wireless application protocol (WAP) network, a ultra wide band (UWB) network, an infrared ray, or the like, or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, the system 100 may include one or more network access points. For example, the system 100 may include wired or wireless network access points such as base stations and/or wireless access points 140-1, 140-2, . . . , through which one or more components of the system 100 may be connected to the network 140 to exchange data and/or information.
The information source 150 may be a source configured to provide other information for the system 100. The information source 150 may provide the system 100 with service information, such as weather conditions, traffic information, information of laws and regulations, news events, or the like. In some embodiments, the information source 150 may include an official traffic database, which provides historical and/or current traffic data (e.g., a congestion period, traffic light pattern). The server 110 may obtain the cycle length of a traffic light from the information source 150. The cycle length of a traffic light refers to a periodical duration of the traffic light including a green light duration, a red light duration, and/or a yellow light duration. In the present disclosure, the red-light duration and the green-light duration are discussed while the yellow-light duration is not discussed, but a person having ordinary skill in the art would understand how to include the yellow-light duration in view of the present disclosure without undue experimentation. In some embodiments, the yellow-light duration may be considered to be included in the green-light duration or the red light duration. The information source 150 may be implemented in a single central server, multiple servers connected via a communication link, or multiple personal devices. When the information source 150 is implemented in multiple personal devices, the personal devices can generate content (e.g., as referred to as the “user-generated content”), for example, by uploading text, voice, image, and video to a cloud server. An information source may be generated by the multiple personal devices and the cloud server.
The computing device 200, for example, may include COM ports 250 connected to and from a network connected thereto to facilitate data communications. The computing device 200 may also include a processor (e.g., the processor 220), in the form of one or more processors (e.g., logic circuits), for executing program instructions. For example, the processor 220 may include interface circuits and processing circuits therein. The interface circuits may be configured to receive electronic signals from a bus 210, wherein the electronic signals encode structured data and/or instructions for the processing circuits to process. The processing circuits may conduct logic calculations, and then determine a conclusion, a result, and/or an instruction encoded as electronic signals. Then the interface circuits may send out the electronic signals from the processing circuits via the bus 210.
The exemplary computing device may include the internal communication bus 210, program storage and data storage of different forms including, for example, a disk 270, and a read-only memory (ROM) 230, or a random access memory (RAM) 240, for various data files to be processed and/or transmitted by the computing device. The exemplary computing device may also include program instructions stored in the ROM 230, RAM 240, and/or another type of non-transitory storage medium to be executed by the processor 220. The methods and/or processes of the present disclosure may be implemented as the program instructions. The computing device 200 also includes an I/O component 260, supporting input/output between the computer and other components. The computing device 200 may also receive programming and data via network communications.
Merely for illustration, only one CPU and/or processor is illustrated in
In order to implement various modules, units and their functions described above, a computer hardware platform may be used as hardware platforms of one or more elements (e.g., a component of the server 110 described in
The acquisition module 410 may obtain a length of a road segment. An upstream intersection and a downstream intersection may be linked by the road segment. The length of the road segment may include a length of the upstream intersection.
The acquisition module 410 may obtain a cycle length of a first traffic light and a cycle length of a second traffic light. The first traffic light may be located at the downstream intersection. The second traffic light may be located at the upstream intersection. The cycle length of the traffic light may include a green-light cycle length and a red-light cycle length. For example, the cycle length may include a red light of 50 seconds and a green light time of 50 seconds.
The acquisition module 410 may obtain traffic data related to the road segment. The traffic data may include a vehicle flow rate of the road segment and a vehicle density of the road segment corresponding to the vehicle flow rate. In some embodiments, the acquisition module 410 may obtain historical data associated with a plurality of vehicles. The historical data may include GPS information associated with the plurality of vehicles and time information associated with the plurality of vehicles. The determining module 420 may determine a free-flow speed corresponding to the road segment and a back-propagation wave speed corresponding to the road segment.
The determining module 420 may determine a free-flow speed corresponding to the road segment and a back-propagation wave speed corresponding to the road segment.
The determining module 420 may determine a first queue length of a queue on the road segment at a first time point and a second queue length of the queue at a second time point. The first queue length may be the same as the initial queue length l0 which is described in
The determining module 420 may determine a duration of the second queue length, based on the cycle length of the first traffic light, the cycle length of the second traffic light, the free-flow speed, the back-propagation wave speed, and the first queue length. Specifically, the determining module 420 may determine a first growth parameter of a queue related to a green-light cycle length based on a free-flow speed and a back-propagation wave speed. The first growth parameter may be the same as the parameter lg which is described in
The determining module 420 may determine whether the second queue length exceeds the length of the road segment.
The determining module 420 may determine a reference queue length of a queue based on a cycle length of a first traffic light, a cycle length of a second traffic light, a free-flow speed, and a back-propagation wave speed. The reference queue length may be the same as the parameter lx which is described in
The determining module 420 may determine whether the reference queue length is larger than the length of the road segment. If the determining module 420 determine that the reference queue length is not larger than the length of the road segment, the determining module 420 may determine a first length difference between the second queue length of the queue and the length of the road segment. The determining module 420 may determine a second length difference between the second queue length of the queue and the reference queue length. The determining module 420 may determine the green-light spillover duration based on a ratio of the first length difference and the second length difference. The determining module 420 may determine a red-light spillover duration based on a ratio of a difference between the reference queue length and the length of the road segment to a difference between the second queue length of the queue and the reference queue length.
If the determining module 420 determines that the reference queue length is larger than the length of the road segment, the determining module 420 may determine a green-light spillover duration.
It should be noted that the descriptions above in relation to the processing engine 112 are provided for the purposes of illustration, and not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. For persons having ordinary skills in the art, various variations and modifications may be conducted under the guidance of the present disclosure. However, those variations and modifications do not depart the scope of the present disclosure. For example, the processing engine 112 may further include a storage module (not shown in
It should be noted that the above description is merely provided for the purposes of illustration, and not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. For persons having ordinary skills in the art, multiple variations and modifications may be made under the teachings of the present disclosure. For example, the one-way road network 500 may include but not limited that two intersections, such as three intersections.
As shown in
where qc and ρc denote a traffic flow rate and a traffic density for the capacity status, respectively; and qj and ρj denote a traffic flow rate and a traffic density for the saturated status, respectively.
The queue length trajectory may increase if vehicles from the upstream join the queue (e.g., Stage (4) as shown in
l
r
+l
g
<l
0
+l
g≤2(lr+lg) (2),
where lg denotes a first growth parameter of the queue related to a green-light duration, and lr denotes a second growth parameter of the queue related to a red-light duration. The first growth parameter may correspond to the growth of the queue length in one green light period, and the second growth parameter may correspond to the growth of the queue length in one red light period. As illustrated in
where g0 denotes a green-light duration, and lr may be given by Equation (4) as follows:
where c denotes a cycle of a traffic light including a green-light duration and a red-light duration.
The queue length trajectory may finally converge to a cyclic recurrent pattern shown by a combination of stages (7) to (10) in
l
max
=l
0+2lg (5).
In this case, Tmax denotes the duration that the maximum queue length lmax lasts. Equation (6) may be determined based on the similarity of triangles, as follows:
Then, the value of Tmax may be determined by Equation (7) as follows:
In some embodiments, given different initial values of l0, the processing engine 112 may determine a general expression of lmax and Tmax as follows:
where function ceil(x) rounds x to the nearest integer towards infinity, function floor(x) rounds x to a nearest integer towards minus infinity, and function mod(x,y) refers to a reminder after dividing x by y.
An actual queue length trajectory on the road segment is bold black lines that consist of many stages in
A whole intersection spillover time (IST) refers to a duration that the queue length trajectory blocks the upstream intersection. In some embodiments, the whole intersection spillover time (IST) may be divided into two distinct parts, namely, a backward intersection spillover time (BIST) and a perpendicular intersection spillover time (PIST). The BIST may also be referred to as a green-light spillover duration in the present disclosure. The PIST may also be referred to as a red-light spillover duration in the present disclosure. It should be understood that once spillover takes place on the road segment, on one hand, the spillover may spread backward along the road segment, which means vehicles from the upstream cannot enter the road near the end of the green light duration. Thus, a backward intersection spillover time (BIST) that the queue length trajectory impedes upstream traffic entering the link may arise in this situation. On the other hand, the spillover may spread perpendicular to the road, which means vehicles from the cross street cannot pass the intersection at the beginning of their green-light duration (which is red-light duration for the described road). Thus a perpendicular intersection spillover time (PIST) that the queue length trajectory blocks traffic from the cross street may arise in this situation. The spillover part of the time-space diagram may be denoted by a dashed box 702. In some embodiments, the whole intersection spillover time may be described as:
IST=BIST+PIST (10).
In this case, the length of AB indicates BIST, and the length of BC indicates PIST. According to the similarity of triangles EAB, XCB and XDE, BIST and PIST may be determined according to Equation (12) and Equation (13), respectively, as follows:
where X is the nearest crossover point to the upstream intersection that is on both the upstream red wave and downstream green wave simultaneously. A value of lmax and a vale of Tmax are given in Equations (8) and (9), and the position of X may be determined according to Equation (14) as follows:
In some embodiments, the BIST may be equal to zero, and the IST may equal to the PIST. For instance, the dashed circle 703 as shown in
Nevertheless, the case as illustrated in
The case as illustrated in
BIST=Tmax (15),
PIST=0 (16).
It should be noted that Equations (15) and (16) still hold for the case as illustrated in
Afterward, the queue is discharged and re-formed cyclically similar to that in
A long-term impact of PIST may be significant. According to
where condition 1 is if downstream discharge wave on road segment (i) reaches upstream stop line during a green light, and condition 2 is if downstream discharge wave on road segment (i) reaches upstream stop line during a red light.
In 910, the processor (e.g., the acquisition module 410 of the processing engine 112) may obtain a length of a road segment. In some embodiments, the processor may obtain the length of a road segment via the information source 150. An upstream intersection and a downstream intersection may be linked by the road segment. The length of the road segment may be a distance from the upstream intersection to downstream intersection.
In 920, the processor (e.g., the acquisition module 410 of the processing engine 112) may obtain the cycle length of a first traffic light and the cycle length of a second traffic light. In some embodiments, the processor may obtain the cycle length of a traffic light via the information source 150. The first traffic light may be located at the downstream intersection. The second traffic light may be located at the upstream intersection. The cycle length of a traffic light refers to a periodical duration of the traffic light including a green-light duration, a red-light duration, and/or a yellow-light duration. In the present disclosure, the red-light duration and the green-light duration are discussed while the yellow-light duration is not discussed, but a person having ordinary skill in the art would understand how to include the yellow-light duration in view of the present disclosure without undue experimentation. In some embodiments, the yellow-light duration may be considered to be included in the green-light duration or the red-light duration.
In 930, the processor (e.g., the determination module 420 of the processing engine 112) may determine a free-flow speed corresponding to the road segment and a back-propagation wave speed corresponding to the road segment. In some embodiments, the processor may determine the free-flow speed and back-propagation wave speed based on traffic data.
The processor (e.g., the determination module 420 of the processing engine 112) may obtain traffic data related to the road segment via the information source 150. In some embodiments, the traffic data related to the road segment may include traffic flow rate and traffic density of the road segment. The processor (e.g., the determination module 420 of the processing engine 112) may determine the free-flow speed corresponding to the road segment and a back-propagation wave speed corresponding to the road segment based on the traffic flow rate and traffic density.
For example, the processor (e.g., the determination module 420 of the processing engine 112) may determine a first vector corresponding to a first status of the road segment based on the traffic data related to the road segment, where the first status is that the vehicle flow rate of the road segment is positively correlated to the vehicle density of the road segment corresponding to the vehicle flow rate. The processor (e.g., the determination module 420 of the processing engine 112) may determine the free-flow speed based on the first vector. For instance, as illustrated in
The processor (e.g., the determination module 420 of the processing engine 112) may also determine a second vector corresponding to a second status of the road segment based on the traffic data related to the road segment, where the second status is that the vehicle flow rate of the road segment is negatively correlated to the vehicle density of the road segment corresponding to the vehicle flow rate. The processor (e.g., the determination module 420 of the processing engine 112) may determine the back-propagation wave speed based on the second vector. For instance, as illustrated in
In 940, the processor (e.g., the determination module 420 of the processing engine 112) may determine a first queue length of a queue on the road segment at a first time point and a second queue length of the queue at a second time point. The first queue length may be the initial queue length l0 as illustrated in
The second queue length of the queue may be the maximum queue length lmax as illustrated in
In 950, the processor (e.g., the determination module 420 of the processing engine 112) may determine the duration of the second queue length, based on the cycle length of the first traffic light, the cycle length of the second traffic light, the free-flow speed, the back-propagation wave speed, and the first queue length. The duration of the second queue length may be a duration that the second queue length (e.g., the maximum queue length) lasts. For instance, as illustrated in
The processor (e.g., the determination module 420 of the processing engine 112) may determine the duration of the second queue length based on Equation (9). In some embodiments, the duration of the second queue length may include only a green-light spillover duration. In some embodiments, the duration of the second queue length may include only a red-light spillover duration. In some embodiments, the duration of the second queue length may include a green-light spillover duration and a red-light spillover duration. Detailed description related to the determination of the duration of the second queue length may be found elsewhere in this disclosure (e.g., in
In 960, the processor may determine (e.g., the determination module 420 of the processing engine 112) whether the second queue length exceeds the length of the road segment. If the processor determines that the second queue length exceeds the length of the road segment, the processor may determine that there is a spillover on the road segment; that is, there may be congestion on the road segment.
In 970, the processor may cause a display device to display a visual representation of a traffic condition relating to the duration of the second queue length based on a result of the determination that the second queue length exceeds the length of the road segment (which may mean that there may be congestion on the road segment). For example, the processor may cause a display device to display the duration of the second queue length if the processor determines that the second length exceeds the length of the road segment and a warning relating to the road segment (e.g., there is a spillover on the road segment). The processor may send information of the duration of the second queue length and the warning to a passenger terminal and/or a driver terminal.
The passenger terminal and/or the driver terminal may display traffic status relating to the road segment, and display whether there is a spillover on the road segment on a map. In some embodiments, the passenger terminal and/or the driver terminal may display traffic status relating to a plurality of road segments and display whether there is a spillover on the plurality of road segments on the map, respectively. In some embodiments, the passenger terminal and/or the driver terminal may plan a rational route based on the traffic status relating to the plurality of road segments for a passenger associated with the passenger terminal and/or a driver associated with the driver terminal to avoid congestion. For example, a road segment with congestion may be avoided in a planned route.
It should be noted that the above descriptions of process 900 are provided for the purposes of illustration, and not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. For persons having ordinary skills in the art, various modifications and changes in the forms and details of the application of the above method and system may occur without departing from the principles in the present disclosure. However, those variations and modifications also fall within the scope of the present disclosure. In some embodiments, one or more steps may be added or omitted. For example, steps 901 and 902 may be merged into one step.
In 1010, the processor (e.g., the determination module 420 of the processing engine 112) may determine a first growth parameter of a queue related to a green-light cycle length based on a free-flow speed and a back-propagation wave speed. The first growth parameter may correspond to the growth of the queue length in one green light period. As illustrated in
In 1020, the processor (e.g., the determination module 420 of the processing engine 112) may determine a second growth parameter of a queue related to a red-light cycle length based on a free-flow speed and a back-propagation wave speed. The second growth parameter may correspond to the growth of the queue length in one red light period. As illustrated in
In 1030, the processor (e.g., the determination module 420 of the processing engine 112) may determine the second queue length of the queue based on the first growth parameter and the second growth parameter. In some embodiments, the processor (e.g., the determination module 420 of the processing engine 112) may determine the second queue length of the queue based on Equation (9).
It should be noted that the above description of the process for determining a second queue length of a queue is provided for the purpose of illustration, and not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. For persons having ordinary skills in the art, modules may be combined in various ways, or connected with other modules as sub-systems. Various variations and modifications may be conducted under the teaching of the present disclosure. However, those variations and modifications may not depart from the spirit and scope of this disclosure.
In 1110, the processor (e.g., the determination module 420 of the processing engine 112) may determine a reference queue length of a queue based on a cycle length of a first traffic light, a cycle length of a second traffic light, a free-flow speed, and a back-propagation wave speed. The reference queue length may be the position of the crossover point X in a time-space diagram as illustrated
In 1120, the processor (e.g., the determination module 420 of the processing engine 112) may determine whether the reference queue length is larger than the length of a road segment. If the processor determines that the reference queue length is larger than the length of the road segment, the duration of the second queue length may only include a green-light spillover and the process 1100 may proceed to 1170. If the processor determines that the reference queue length is equal to or less than the length of the road segment, the duration of the second queue length may include a green-light spillover and/or a red-light spillover and the process 1100 may proceed to 1130.
In 1130, the processor (e.g., the determination module 420 of the processing engine 112) may determine a first length difference between the second queue length of the queue and the length of the road segment. The processor (e.g., the determination module 420 of the processing engine 112) may determine the first length difference based on (lmax−L).
In 1140, the processor (e.g., the determination module 420 of the processing engine 112) may determine a second length difference between the second queue length of the queue and the reference queue length. The processor (e.g., the determination module 420 of the processing engine 112) may determine the second length difference based on (lmax−lx).
In 1150, the processor (e.g., the determination module 420 of the processing engine 112) may determine a green-light spillover duration based on the ratio of the first length difference to the second length difference. The processor (e.g., the determination module 420 of the processing engine 112) may determine the green-light spillover duration based on Equation (13) described above. In this case, the method for determining a traffic condition in
In 1160, the processor (e.g., the determination module 420 of the processing engine 112) may determine the red-light spillover duration based on the ratio of the difference between the reference queue length and the length of the road segment to the difference between the second queue length of the queue and the reference queue length. The processor (e.g., the determination module 420 of the processing engine 112) may determine the green-light spillover duration based on Equation (14) described above. In this case, the method for determining a traffic condition in
In some embodiments, the processor may also determine a sum of the green-light spillover duration and the red-light spillover duration as the duration of the second queue length.
In 1170, the processor (e.g., the determination module 420 of the processing engine 112) may determine a green-light spillover duration as the duration of the second queue length based on a result of the determination that the reference queue length exceeds the length of the road segment.
In some embodiments, the method for determining a traffic condition in
It should be noted that the above description of the process for determining a green-light spillover duration and/or a red-light spillover duration is provided for the purpose of illustration, and not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. For persons having ordinary skills in the art, modules may be combined in various ways, or connected with other modules as sub-systems. Various variations and modifications may be conducted under the teaching of the present disclosure. However, those variations and modifications may not depart from the spirit and scope of this disclosure.
To implement various modules, units, and their functionalities described in the present disclosure, computer hardware platforms may be used as the hardware platform(s) for one or more of the elements described herein. A computer with user interface elements may be used to implement a personal computer (PC) or any other type of work station or terminal device. A computer may also act as a server if appropriately programmed.
Having thus described the basic concepts, it may be rather apparent to those skilled in the art after reading this detailed disclosure that the foregoing detailed disclosure is intended to be presented by way of example only and is not limiting. Various alterations, improvements, and modifications may occur and are intended to those skilled in the art, though not expressly stated herein. These alterations, improvements, and modifications are intended to be suggested by this disclosure, and are within the spirit and scope of the exemplary embodiments of this disclosure.
Moreover, certain terminology has been used to describe embodiments of the present disclosure. For example, the terms “one embodiment,” “an embodiment,” and/or “some embodiments” mean that a particular feature, structure or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. Therefore, it is emphasized and should be appreciated that two or more references to “an embodiment” or “one embodiment” or “an alternative embodiment” in various portions of this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment. Furthermore, the particular features, structures or characteristics may be combined as suitable in one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
Further, it will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, aspects of the present disclosure may be illustrated and described herein in any of a number of patentable classes or context including any new and useful process, machine, manufacture, or composition of matter, or any new and useful improvement thereof. Accordingly, aspects of the present disclosure may be implemented entirely hardware, entirely software (including firmware, resident software, micro-code, etc.) or combining software and hardware implementation that may all generally be referred to herein as a “unit,” “module,” or “system.” Furthermore, aspects of the present disclosure may take the form of a computer program product embodied in one or more computer-readable media having computer readable program code embodied thereon.
A computer readable signal medium may include a propagated data signal with computer readable program code embodied therein, for example, in baseband or as part of a carrier wave. Such a propagated signal may take any of a variety of forms, including electromagnetic, optical, or the like, or any suitable combination thereof. A computer readable signal medium may be any computer readable medium that is not a computer readable storage medium and that may communicate, propagate, or transport a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. Program code embodied on a computer readable signal medium may be transmitted using any appropriate medium, including wireless, wireline, optical fiber cable, RF, or the like, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
Computer program code for carrying out operations for aspects of the present disclosure may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including an object-oriented programming language such as Java, Scala, Smalltalk, Eiffel, JADE, Emerald, C++, C#, VB. NET, Python or the like, conventional procedural programming languages, such as the “C” programming language, Visual Basic, Fortran 2003, Perl, COBOL 2002, PHP, ABAP, dynamic programming languages such as Python, Ruby and Groovy, or other programming languages. The program code may execute entirely on the user's computer, partly on the user's computer, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the user's computer and partly on a remote computer or entirely on the remote computer or server. In the latter scenario, the remote computer may be connected to the user's computer through any type of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or the connection may be made to an external computer (e.g., through the Internet using an Internet Service Provider) or in a cloud computing environment or offered as a service such as a Software as a Service (SaaS).
Furthermore, the recited order of processing elements or sequences, or the use of numbers, letters, or other designations, therefore, is not intended to limit the claimed processes and methods to any order except as may be specified in the claims. Although the above disclosure discusses through various examples what is currently considered to be a variety of useful embodiments of the disclosure, it is to be understood that such detail is solely for that purpose, and that the appended claims are not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but, on the contrary, are intended to cover modifications and equivalent arrangements that are within the spirit and scope of the disclosed embodiments. For example, although the implementation of various components described above may be embodied in a hardware device, it may also be implemented as a software-only solution, e.g., an installation on an existing server or mobile device.
Similarly, it should be appreciated that in the foregoing description of embodiments of the present disclosure, various features are sometimes grouped together in a single embodiment, figure, or description thereof for the purpose of streamlining the disclosure aiding in the understanding of one or more of the various embodiments. This method of disclosure, however, is not to be interpreted as reflecting an intention that the claimed subject matter requires more features than are expressly recited in each claim. Rather, claimed subject matter may lie in less than all features of a single foregoing disclosed embodiment.
Number | Date | Country | |
---|---|---|---|
Parent | PCT/CN2018/098970 | Aug 2018 | US |
Child | 16220275 | US |