SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR PROVIDING A SCREED TRACK

FIELD

The present systems and methods relate to construction components and methods. More particularly, the systems and methods relate to the application and screeding of one or more surfacing materials (such as shotcrete, concrete, stucco, plaster, screed, gunite, and any other suitable material), and tracks and construction panels for use in connection therewith.

BACKGROUND

Projectile applications of concrete, also known as shotcrete, can be extremely useful for forming, repairing, reinforcing, facing, decorating, or modifying a structure, particularly where use of a mold in connection with traditionally poured concrete would be difficult or unfeasible. For example, shotcrete can be used to form a layer of concrete directly on a vertical structure, such as a wall. This is typically done through high-pressure application (e.g., pneumatically projecting concrete or another material onto a surface at a high velocity with a large amount of force).

Although shotcrete has numerous and diverse applications, it can also have several drawbacks. For example, it can be difficult to gauge the thickness of a layer of surfacing material. Layers of surfacing material can also be non-uniform in texture, thickness, consistency, or otherwise. Because of this, a wall or other surface formed with shotcrete may require a large quantity of plaster or other finishing to form a smooth and aesthetically pleasing surface.

Thus, while techniques currently exist that are used for coating surfaces, challenges still exist, including those listed above. Accordingly, it would be an improvement in the art to augment or even replace current techniques with other techniques.

SUMMARY

Systems and methods of providing a screed track (a track) are disclosed. Although the track can include any components that allow the track to make screeding a surface easier or more efficient, in some implementations, the track includes one or more guides (e.g., for guiding a screed tool along the track). In some implementations, the track includes one or more couplers configured to couple the guide to a surface. Some iterations of the screed track are integrated with or configured to be coupled to a construction panel (a panel).

While the guide can include any component configured to guide a screed tool along a surface in order to screed (e.g., smoothen to a substantially uniform texture or thickness) a surfacing material, some implementations of the guide include one or more components having a rigid (or semi-rigid) shape, along which the screed tool can be moved. In some implementations, the guide includes one or more rails, rods, guidewires, or any other structural components along which the screed tool can be moved to screed the surfacing material. In some cases, at least part of the guide is configured to become embedded or incorporated in the surfacing material.

Some implementations of the track include only one guide, whereas some implementations include a first guide and a second guide (or any number of additional guides). Where multiple guides are included, the guides can be arranged in any manner that allows each of them to act as a guide for a screed tool, but some implementations of the guides are arranged in a manner that allows two or more of the guides to be used simultaneously. For example, the first guide and the second guide of some implementations are disposed in a plane, so the screed tool can be moved along both guides simultaneously, thereby helping keep the screed tool steady and preventing the screed tool from rotating with respect to the surface. In some cases, the plane is substantially parallel to the surface, thereby allowing for the surfacing material to be screeded to a uniform thickness across the surface.

While the guide can be part of the surface or be coupled to the surface in any suitable manner, some implementations of the track include one or more couplers configured to couple the guide to the surface. The coupler can couple the guide to the surface in any suitable manner, such as through bonding, welding, interference or friction fits, mechanical engagements, clamping mechanisms, catches, adhesives, fasteners (e.g., bolts, wires, wire ties, epoxy coated ties, rebar wire ties, zip-ties, screws, bolts, threaded engagements, pins, rivets, nails, anchors, rods, staples, eyelets, magnets, hook-and-loop fasteners, tongue-and-groove connections, snaps, ties, stakes or any other suitable fastener), or any other suitable coupling mechanism. Some implementations of the coupler include one or more bases (e.g., for attaching the coupler to the surface), one or more connectors (e.g., for coupling the guide to the base), or any other components useful for coupling the guide to the surface.

Some implementations of the coupler optionally include one or more bases. The base can include any suitable component for coupling the coupler to the surface, such as one or more plates, shoulders, flanges, sheets (e.g., of mesh, lattices, or other materials), wire meshes, wire grids, frameworks, or any other suitable components configured to be secured to the surface. The base can be coupled to the surface in any suitable manner (e.g., through bonding, welding, interference or friction fits, use of an adhesive, fasteners, being integrally formed with, or any other manner to form a permanent, semi-permanent, or selective attachment). In some implementations, the base is configured to be coupled to the surface via one or more fasteners (e.g., one or more nails, rods, screws, bolts, staples, eyelets, magnets, hook-and-loop fasteners, adhesives, welds, interference fits, friction fits, tongue-and-groove connections, snaps, ties, rivets, stakes, PVC wire ties, epoxy coated wires, rebar wire ties, and any other suitable fastener for attaching the base to the surface).

In some implementations, the coupler includes one or more connectors for connecting the guide to the base or to the surface in any other suitable manner (e.g., by being embedded in or otherwise coupled to the surface). The connectors can include any suitable component configured to connect the guide to the base, such as one or more bars, rods, wires, posts, rebars, beams, planks, or any other component for coupling the guide to the base. In some implementations, the connectors are integrally formed with the base, and in some implementations, the connectors are configured to permanently, semi-permanently, or selectively attach to the base (e.g., such as through use of one or more nails, screws, bolts, staples, eyelets, magnets, hook-and-loop fasteners, adhesives, welds, interference fits, friction fits, tongue-and-groove connections, snaps, ties, rivets, stakes, PVC wire ties, epoxy coated wires, rebar wire ties, pins, or any other fasteners or components for attaching the connectors to the base). In some implementations, a single component acts as both a base and a connector (e.g., by coupling the guide directly to the surface).

In some implementations, at least a portion (and in some cases, all) of one or more of the couplers is configured to become embedded in the surfacing material. For example, in some cases, the base is configured to become embedded in the surfacing material. In some cases, the connectors are configured to become embedded in the surfacing material.

In some implementations, the track is integrally formed with, or is configured to couple to, one or more construction panels. While the construction panel can include any suitable construction component having a surface on which a surfacing material can be applied, in some cases, the construction panel includes, or is configured to form a part of, one or more walls, floors, ceilings, pillars, supports, bridges, trusses, edges, corners, ramps, doors, pools, or any other structures or portions of a structure on which it might be desirable to apply a surfacing material. In some embodiments, the panel includes one or more panel bodies (e.g., for providing structure or support) and one or more surfaces (e.g., on which the surfacing material can be applied).

In some implementations, the screed track is disposed in from a perimeter of the surface. In some implementations, all or a portion of the screed track is intended to be permanently coupled to the surface or embedded within the surfacing material on the surface.

These and other features and advantages of the described systems and methods will be set forth or will become more fully apparent in the description that follows and in the appended claims. The features and advantages may be realized and obtained by means of the instruments and combinations particularly pointed out in the appended claims. Furthermore, the features and advantages of the described systems and methods may be learned by their practice or will be obvious from the description, as set forth hereinafter.

DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The objects and features of the present systems and methods will become more fully apparent from the following description and appended claims, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Understanding that these drawings depict only typical embodiments of the disclosed systems and methods and are, therefore, not to be considered limiting of its scope, the systems and methods will be described and explained with additional specificity and detail through the use of the accompanying drawings in which:

FIG. 1 shows a side elevation view of a screed track, in accordance with some embodiments;

FIG. 2 shows a side elevation view of the screed track, in accordance with some embodiments;

FIG. 3 shows a side elevation view of the screed track, in accordance with some embodiments;

FIG. 4 shows a side elevation view of a construction panel with the screed track, in accordance with some embodiments;

FIG. 5 shows a side perspective view of a partial construction panel with the screed track, in accordance with some embodiments;

FIG. 6A shows a front elevation view of the screed track coupled to a first flat construction panel, in accordance with some embodiments;

FIG. 6B shows a front perspective view of the screed track coupled to a second flat construction panel, in accordance with some embodiments;

FIG. 6C shows a front perspective view of the screed track configured to be used in connection with a construction panel, in accordance with some embodiments;

FIG. 6D shows a side perspective view of the screed track configured to be used in connection with a construction panel, in accordance with some embodiments;

FIG. 7A shows a top perspective view of the screed track configured to be used in connection with an inside corner, in accordance with some embodiments;

FIG. 7B shows a side perspective view of the screed track configured to be used in connection with an inside corner, in accordance with some embodiments;

FIG. 8 shows a top perspective view of the screed track configured to be used in connection with an outside corner, in accordance with some embodiments;

FIG. 9 shows a top perspective view, in accordance with some embodiments, of a corner where construction panels meet, with an inside corner screed track being used in connection with an inside corner and an outside corner screed track being used in connection with an outside;

FIG. 10A shows a front perspective view of an end screed track configured to be used in connection with an edge of a construction panel, in accordance with some embodiments;

FIG. 10B shows a plan view of an end screed track as used in connection with an edge of a construction panel, in accordance with some embodiments; and

FIG. 10C shows, in accordance with some embodiments, an elevation view of the end screed track, as used in connection with an edge of a construction panel.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

A description of embodiments of the present systems and methods will now be given with reference to the FIGS. It is expected that the present systems and methods may take many other forms and shapes. Hence, the following disclosure is intended to be illustrative and not limiting, and the scope should be determined by reference to the appended claims.

In construction, it is often desirable to apply a surfacing material to a surface (such as to a surface of a wall, a floor, a ceiling, a pillar, an edge, a corner, a structure, an external surface, an internal surface, or any other surface). The surfacing material can be any suitable material configured to be applied to a surface, such as concrete, shotcrete, gunite, mortar, stucco, plaster, caulk, paint, finish, gloss, rubber, asphalt, foam, polymer material, limecrete, ashcrete, screed, or any other material configured to be applied to a surface. In some cases, the surfacing material comprises shotcrete. In some cases, the surfacing material is configured to be applied through use of a hose, a gun, a tube, a pipe, a sprayer, a trowel, a wall board, a mudder, a mud scoop, a mason tool, or any other suitable delivery device, and in some cases, the surfacing material is configured to be applied in a forceful manner (e.g., through a pressurized or projectile applicator). In some cases, the surfacing material is configured to be applied in a liquid or semi-liquid form and to later set, harden, polymerize, dry, or otherwise cure after application.

Sometimes after a surfacing material is applied to a surface, the surfacing material is non-uniform in texture, thickness (e.g., depth), composition, consistency, appearance, degree of levelness, spirit level, or in any other manner; or one or more layers of the surfacing material are too thick or otherwise are not in an ideal state. To somewhat mitigate these challenges, surfacing material is sometimes screeded using boards, trowels, blades, scrapers, or other screed tools. As used herein, the term ‘screed’ may, in some cases, refer to smoothing, truing, shaping, leveling, flattening, homogenizing, spreading, or otherwise tangibly affecting a surfacing material after such surfacing material is applied to a surface. The term ‘screed tool’ may refer to any suitable tool used to smooth, level, homogenize, spread, flatten, shape, or otherwise screed a surfacing material after its application. When used as a noun, the term ‘screed’ may also refer to the surfacing material itself.

Screeding is often a time-intensive process requiring great skill in order to obtain a surfacing material that is level and otherwise uniform in thickness and texture, and that does not contain many irregularities. Moreover, even when screeding is done with a high level of skill, it can be difficult to obtain a surface that is perfectly level (or that perfectly contours to another desired shape), particularly where the surface is vertical (like on a wall) as opposed to horizontal (like on a floor). Accordingly, it would be useful to have a screed track 20 for aiding a worker in screeding a surface quickly, efficiently, and effectively. Systems and methods of providing such a screed track are disclosed herein.

The screed track 20 can include any suitable components that allow the track to make screeding a surface easier or more efficient. Indeed, the track can include any suitable component that allows it to couple to a surface (e.g., a wall), extend from the surface, and provide a guide upon which a screed tool can be slid or otherwise guided to shape a surfacing material that is applied to the surface. For example, as shown in FIGS. 1-10C, some embodiments of the track 20 include one or more guides 22 along which a screed tool can be moved to steadily and uniformly screed the surfacing material. In some embodiments, the track includes one or more couplers 30 configured to couple the guide to a surface (e.g., to the surface 44 of FIGS. 4-5).

Where the track 20 includes the guide 22, the guide can include any suitable component configured to guide a screed tool along the track in order to screed the surfacing material. Some embodiments of the guide include one or more components having a rigid (or semi-rigid) shape, along which the screed tool can be moved. In some implementations, the guide includes one or more rails, rods, shafts, rigid wires, guidewires, elongated portions, I-beams, beams, bars, or any other suitable structural components along which the screed tool can be moved to screed the surfacing material.

The guide 22 can interface with a screed tool in any suitable manner. In some cases, the guide is optionally configured to couple to the screed tool. In some cases, however, the guide is configured to provide a scaffold or rail for the screed tool to slide along without coupling to the guide.

Where the guide is configured to couple to the screed tool, the guide may do so in any manner. For example, some embodiments of the guide include one or more notches, grooves, slots, processes, protrusions, or other physical features extending into or from the guide (e.g., into or from an elongated portion of the guide). In some cases, a custom screed tool is provided that has features for interfacing with the physical features of the guide. For example, in some cases, the screed tool includes a slot, notch, or groove, into which the guide or a portion of the guide (e.g., a process, a protrusion, a guide, an extension, or another portion) is configured to fit, thus allowing the screed tool to slide along the guide. As another example, in some cases, the screed tool includes one or more processes, recesses, protrusions, projections, extensions, or any other suitable feature or features configured to fit or otherwise couple with into one or more corresponding slots, notches, grooves, processes, recesses, protrusions, projections, indentations, or other corresponding aspects of the guide, thus allowing the screed tool to slide along the guide. In some cases, at least one of the guide and the screed tool includes one or more magnets or ferromagnetic materials configured to help align the screed tool to a proper position or orientation, and in some cases, at least one of the guide and the screed tool (or a portion thereof) is magnetic or ferromagnetic.

The guide 22 can have any shape suitable for guiding a screed tool along the track 20. Indeed, some embodiments of the guide have shapes that are straight, curved, undulating, polygonal, simple, complex, continuous, broken, symmetrical, asymmetrical, patterned, chaotic, regular, irregular, or any other suitable shape along which a screed tool can be moved. By way of non-limiting illustration, FIG. 1 shows a guide 22 that is generally straight, FIG. 2 shows a guide 22 that is curved, and FIG. 3 shows a guide that undulates in an asymmetrical pattern. By using guides with different shapes, the surfacing material can be screeded into particular configurations (e.g., as shown in FIGS. 2-3) that might be difficult to achieve without the use of such guides (e.g., a curved guide can lead to a curved surfacing material, whether used in connection with a curved surface, a flat surface, or any other surface).

Additionally, although the guide can have any 3-dimensional shape (e.g., a triangular post, a square post, a cylindrical post, a polygonal prismatic post, a hexagonal post, or any other suitable shape), in some cases, the guide is generally cylindrical. In some embodiments, the guide is generally smooth (e.g., a surface of the guide lacks bumps, divots, protrusions, or other inconsistencies that could interfere with screeding), such that a screeding tool can slide along the guide smoothly without excessive vibrations or interruptions. In some cases, while some embodiments of the guide are smooth, in some embodiments, one or more connectors 32 extend to (or slightly past) the guide.

In some embodiments only a single track 20 is coupled to a surface to be screeded, but in some embodiments, multiple tracks (e.g., 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, or any other number of tracks) are coupled to the surface. Moreover, in some embodiments, the tracks includes only one guide 22 (e.g., as seen in FIG. 1), whereas some implementations include or are otherwise used with a first guide 22 and a second guide 24 (or any number of additional guides) (e.g., as shown in FIG. 5). Where multiple guides are included, the guides can be arranged in any suitable manner that allows each of them to guide the screed tool along one or more portions of the track. For example, some embodiments of the track include multiple guides (or multiple tracks are used) that are positioned parallel to each other, diagonal to each other, perpendicular to each other, the same distance from the surface 44, different distances from the surface, or in any other suitable configuration with respect to each other and to the surface. In some embodiments, the guides are arranged in a manner that allows two or more of the guides (on one or more tracks) to be used simultaneously (e.g., with one or more screed tools).

For example, the first guide and the second guide (or a first and second track) of some embodiments are disposed in a plane, and in some cases, they are close enough together that the screed tool can be moved along both guides simultaneously, thereby helping keep the screed tool steady and preventing the screed tool from rotating with respect to the surface. In some cases, the plane is substantially parallel to the surface, thereby allowing for the surfacing material to be screeded to a uniform thickness across the surface. In some cases, the plane is not parallel to the surface, allowing for the surfacing material to be screeded to different thicknesses on different portions of the surface (e.g., thicker near the bottom and thinner near the top, or in another non-uniform manner).

While the guides 22, 24 (where multiple guides or tracks 20 are used) can have any spacing with respect for each other that allows them to operate together or independently of each other, in some cases, two or more of the guides are spaced at intervals on the track 20. In some cases, the intervals are regular, while in some cases they are irregular. In some cases, the intervals have a distance less than a width (or a height or any other dimension) of the screed tool (although in some cases, the intervals are approximately equal to or greater than the width or another dimension of the screed tool. Some embodiments of the guides are spaced approximately between 1 cm and 6 m apart, or any subrange thereof. For example, some embodiments of the guides are spaced about 1 m apart, 2 m apart, 3 m apart, or any other suitable distance between about 1 cm and 6 m apart (or, in some cases, even greater than 6 m apart). By way of non-limiting illustration, FIG. 5 shows a track 20 with a first guide 22 and a second guide 24 spaced apart from each other, parallel to each other, and set a uniform distance away from a surface 44, such that a screed tool can travel along the guides to screed a surfacing material 60 to a uniform thickness.

Although the guide 22, 24 can be any length, in some cases the guide has a length (or height) between approximately 1 cm and approximately 100 m, or any subrange thereof. For example, in some cases, the guide is between 0.5 m and 10 m long (e.g., between 1 m and 4 m). In some cases, the guide is approximately the same size as (or shorter than or longer than) the height or length of the surface. Similarly, although the guide can be any suitable size, in some cases, the guide has a diameter (or width) of between approximately 1 mm and approximately 50 cm, or any subrange thereof. For example, in some cases, the guide has a diameter (or width) of between 0.2 cm and 1 cm. In some cases, the guide has a diameter of approximately the same size as a diameter of a wire of a mesh 46 (as described in greater detail below) but in some cases, the guide is thicker or thinner than the wires in the mesh 46. In some cases where multiple guides are used, the guides have the same length or size, but in some cases, the guides have different lengths or sizes.

The guides 22, 24 can also have any suitable orientation (with respect to each other, with respect to the surface 44 to be screeded, or otherwise). For example, any particular guide can be disposed vertically, horizontally, diagonally, or can otherwise be disposed at any other orientation. By way of non-limiting illustration, FIG. 5 shows a track 20 with guides 22, 24 that are substantially vertical.

Although the guide 22 can be made of any suitable material (e.g., wood, metal, glass, plastic, carbon fiber, polymer material, cardboard, paper, nylon, fabric, netting, ceramic, fiberglass, or any other material), in some cases, the guide is made of or otherwise comprises metal (e.g., steel or another metal or metal alloy). By way of non-limiting illustration, FIGS. 6A-10C show various guides 20 that are substantially in the form of wires formed as part of a wire mesh. In some embodiments, the guide comprises a material that is configured not to rust.

In some embodiments, at least part of the guide 22 is configured to become embedded or incorporated in the surfacing material. For example, some embodiments of the guide include an inner portion 26 (e.g., a portion of the guide facing toward the surface 44) and an outer portion 28 (e.g., a portion of the guide facing away from the surface). In some embodiments, during the application of the surfacing material, the guide becomes buried in the surfacing material. In some embodiments, during the screeding process, the screed tool is pressed against the outer portion of the guide (e.g., through the surfacing material) and moved along the guide, thus scraping away excess surfacing material that is farther away from the surface than the outer portion, thereby providing a smooth and uniform surface to the surfacing material. In some embodiments, this leaves the outer portion (or a tangent) of the guide minimally or partially exposed. Indeed, in some embodiments, if any portion of the guide is exposed, the exposed outer portion is minimal. By way of non-limiting illustration, if the guide includes a wire, a rod, rail, or another generally cylindrical or linear component, some embodiments allow for screeding that exposes only a point (if any) of the guide that is tangential to the circumference (e.g., so that only a thin sliver of the guide is exposed, and the rest is embedded in the surfacing material). In some embodiments, the exposed portion is not noticeable, is covered as the surfacing material cures or hardens, or it is covered with a secondary surfacing material. In some embodiments, the screeding process does not uncover even the outer portion of the guide, such that at least a thin layer of the surfacing material covers the entire guide upon completion of the screeding.

While the guide 22 can be coupled to the surface 44 in any suitable manner, some embodiments of the track 20 include one or more couplers 30 configured to couple the guide to the surface. The coupler can couple the guide to the surface in any suitable manner, such as through bonding, welding, interference or friction fits, being embedded within another component, adherence, fasteners, catches, clamps, clips, being integrally formed with, or through the use of any other suitable coupling mechanism. Some implementations of the coupler include one or more bases 34 (e.g., for interfacing with the surface), one or more connectors 32 (e.g., for coupling the guide to the base), or any other components useful for coupling the guide to the surface. By way of non-limiting illustration, FIGS. 1-4 and 6A-10 show some embodiments of tracks 20 having couplers 30 that include one or more connectors 32 configured to connect guides 22 to bases 34. Additionally, FIG. 5 shows a track 20 with a first guide 22 and a second guide 24, with the guides being coupled to couplers 30 that include connectors 32 configured to couple the track directly to the surface 44 to be screeded.

As touched on above, and although some implementations lack a base, some other implementations of the coupler 30 include one or more bases 34. The base can include any component configured to interface with the surface 44 in any manner, such as by abutting, being embedded in, connecting to, being fastened to, being integrally formed with, or otherwise interfacing with the surface. For example, some embodiments of the base include one or more plates, flat objects, shoulders, flanges, frameworks, meshes, lattices, grids, ribbons of a suitable material, meshes, wires, pieces of grid material, anchors, or any other suitable components configured to be secured to the surface. Where the surface contains one or more flat portions, the base can include one or more flat portions to correspond to the surface. Where the surface contains one or more non-flat portions, the base can include one or more non-flat portions having a complementary geometry (to a geometry of the surface) in order to better interface with the surface. In some embodiments, the base is flexible (or otherwise configured to conform with a surface). In some embodiments, the base is adjustable (e.g., it can be disposed at a variety of angles with respect to the guide 22).

In some embodiments, the base 34 includes one or more components configured to fit over an edge, a corner, a process, a recess, decorative feature, or any other feature of the surface in order to allow the base to be more easily or securely coupled to the surface. For example, some embodiments of the base are configured to be used in connection with an inside corner, such as by being bent or otherwise shaped to an angle of less than 180 degrees with respect to a portion of the surface (e.g., between 5 and 170 degrees), with the guides 22, 24 extending toward an interior of the angle. Some embodiments of the base are configured to be used in connection with an outside corner, such as by being bent or otherwise shaped to an angle of less than 359 degrees (e.g., less than 180 degrees, at an acute angle, at a right angle, or at an obtuse angle), with the guides extending toward an exterior of the angle. Some embodiments are configured to be used in connection with an edge, such as by being bent or otherwise shaped in a general U-shape (e.g., a U-shape, a V-shape, a horseshoe shape, a semi-circle shape, a cap shape, or any other shape configured to fit over an edge or other suitable portion of a wall, a panel, or other structure). In some such cases, guides are included on one or both sides of the edge piece such that guides are provided on one or both sides of the wall or panel, as desired.

By way of non-limiting illustration, FIGS. 1 and 2 show, in accordance with some embodiments, tracks 20 having bases 34 configured to couple to a generally flat surface. FIG. 3 shows, according to some embodiments, a track 20 with a plurality of bases 34 that can individually couple to one or more surfaces (e.g., at various angles or depths or otherwise independently of one another). FIG. 4 shows, according to some embodiments, a track 20 with a base 34 coupled to a surface 44 of a panel body 42. FIG. 5 shows, according to some embodiments, a track 20 that does not necessarily have a separate component to act as a base per-se, but it has connectors 32 configured to operate as a base by coupling the guides 22, 24 to the surface 44. FIGS. 6A-10C show some embodiments of tracks 20 having guides 22 coupled to bases 34, with the bases being substantially in the form of a wire mesh or grid. Further, the embodiments of the bases 34 of FIGS. 6A-6D are relatively planar (e.g., configured to be coupled to a relatively flat surface, or to bend in order to conform to a contoured or otherwise not flat surface), the embodiments of the bases 34 of FIGS. 7A-7B are bent or otherwise shaped such that the track 20 is configured to be coupled to an inside corner, the embodiment of the base 34 of FIG. 8 is bent or otherwise shaped such that the track 20 is configured to be coupled to an outside corner, FIG. 9 shows embodiments of bases 34 as used in connection with both inside and outside corners, and FIGS. 10A-10C show tracks 20 with generally U-shaped bases 34 such that the tracks are configured to be used in connection with an edge of a panel or wall (or any other suitable structure).

The base 34 can be coupled to the surface 44 in any suitable manner (e.g., through bonding, welding, soldering, wire-tying, stapling, nailing, bolting, bonding, interference or friction fits, use of an adhesive, use of fasteners, being integrally formed with, or any other manner to form a permanent, semi-permanent, or selective attachment). By way of non-limiting illustration, some embodiments of the base are configured to be coupled to the surface via a fastener (e.g., one or more nails, rods, screws, bolts, threaded engagements, staples, eyelets, magnets, hook-and-loop fasteners, adhesives, welds, interference fits, friction fits, tongue-and-groove connections, mechanical engagements, anchors, snaps, ties, rivets, clips, stakes, PVC wire ties, epoxy coated wires, rebar wire ties, zip-ties, and any other suitable fastener for attaching the base to the surface). In some embodiments, a wire grid, scaffold, or other structure is coupled to the surface, and the base is part of or is coupled to such structure. In some embodiments, the base comprises such structure.

Where the track 20 comprises one or more bases, the base 34 can have any dimensions suitable for allowing the base to be attached to a surface (and to support the guide 22). In some embodiments, the base has a length of between 1 mm and 100 m, or within any subrange thereof. By way of example, FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a track 20 with a length L, and both the base 34 and the guide 22 have a length that is approximately the same as the length of the track. FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of a base 34 with a length that is less than the length of the guide 22. In some embodiments, however, the length of the base is greater than the length of the guide. The base can also have any suitable width (e.g., providing more surface area with which the base can contact the surface), such as between 1 mm and 100 m, or any subrange thereof. The base can also have any suitable depth (e.g., if the base includes a plate or another similar component, the plate or other component can have any suitable thickness), such as between 0.01 mm and 1 m, or any subrange thereof.

Some embodiments of the track 20 include only a single base 34, but as shown in FIG. 3, some embodiments of the track include multiple bases 34. Indeed, the track can include any suitable number of bases, and the bases can be disposed in any suitable manner in relation to each other. For example, in some cases, the bases are approximately even with each other or aligned with each other, whereas in some cases, the bases are offset from one another (e.g., the bases can be disposed at different x, y, or z positions to allow for coupling to an uneven surface, to obtain more lateral support, or to otherwise vary how the guide 22 couples to the surface). In some cases, the base (or any other component, such as the connectors 32 and the guides 22, 24) are formed of one or more pieces of mesh (e.g., wire mesh or any other suitable mesh). By way of non-limiting illustration, FIGS. 6A-10C show some embodiments of tracks 20 formed of pieces of wire mesh, in each case having a base 34 formed of the wire mesh, connectors 32 formed of a bent piece of the wire mesh, and one or more guides 22, 24 formed of an edge of the wire mesh. Where a mesh is used, the mesh can have any suitable feature, including any feature of the mesh 46 used in connection with a construction panel.

According to some embodiments where the track 20 includes one or more couplers 30, the coupler includes one or more connectors 32 for connecting the guide 22 to the base 34 (or directly to the surface 44 to be screeded or to anything else). The connectors can include any component configured to extend from the base and connect the guide to the base (in some embodiments, this creates a gap between the surface 44 and the guide, which gap can be filled with surfacing material). By way of non-limiting illustration, the connectors can include one or more bars, rods, wires, posts, rebars, beams, planks, boards, anchors, clips, pins, portions of wire mesh, or any other components for coupling the guide to the base. In some embodiments, the connectors are part of an integral part of a wire mesh (e.g., wires that couple to the guide 22, with the guide itself being another wire of the wire mesh).

In some embodiments, the connectors 32 are integrally formed with the base 34, and in some embodiments, the connectors are configured to permanently, semi-permanently, or selectively attach to the base (e.g., such as through use of one or more nails, screws, bolts, staples, eyelets, magnets, hook-and-loop fasteners, adhesives, welds, interference fits, friction fits, tongue-and-groove connections, snaps, ties, rivets, stakes, PVC wire ties, epoxy coated wires, rebar wire ties, wires, or any other fasteners or components for attaching the connectors to the base). In some embodiments, the connectors are integrally formed with the guide 22, and in some embodiments, the connectors are configured to permanently, semi-permanently, or selectively attach to the guide (e.g., such as through any of the foregoing components, or any other components for attaching the connectors to the guide).

The connectors 32 can have any suitable configuration for attaching the guide 22 to the base 34. In some embodiments, the connectors are substantially straight, whereas in some embodiments they are curved, bent, contoured, twisted or otherwise shaped to hold surfacing material, or otherwise shaped. Additionally, the connectors can be any length, such as between 0.5 cm and 1 m, or any subrange thereof (e.g., between about 1 cm and about 12 cm). Indeed, in some embodiments, the connectors are about 6 cm±4 cm in length. In some embodiments, the length of the connectors 32 is adjustable. The connectors can also have any suitable orientation. For example, in some cases the connectors are perpendicular to the surface or the guide, but in some cases, the connectors are disposed at a non-perpendicular angle with respect to the surface (or longitudinal axis) of the guide. In some embodiments (as discussed above) the connectors are part of a mesh (or otherwise integrally formed with the base 34 or the guides 22, 24). In some cases, the mesh is bent (or otherwise shaped) to form the connectors and place the guides in an appropriate position.

Furthermore, the coupler 30 can include any number of connectors 32, such as between 1 and 1,000 (or even more, for larger walls), or any suitable subrange. In some cases, the coupler couples the guide to the surface at multiple points disposed at intervals along the surface. By way of non-limiting illustration, FIG. 6D shows an embodiment of a track 20 with a guide 22 coupled to a base 34 via a number of connectors 32, in accordance with some embodiments, that are formed from a bent piece of wire mesh that forms the base, with such connectors ensuring that the guide 22 is a certain distance away from the base 34 so that the thickness of the surfacing material will be proper.

In some embodiments, at least a portion (and in some cases, all) of the coupler 30 or the track 20 are configured to become embedded in the surfacing material. For example, in some cases, the base 34 is configured to become embedded in the surfacing material. In some cases, the connectors 32 are configured to become embedded in the surfacing material.

While the track 20 can be used with any surface configured to receive a layer of surfacing material, some embodiments of the track are integrated with or configured to be coupled to a construction panel (e.g., such as a construction panel 40 as shown in FIGS. 4-5). The construction panel can be any structural or aesthetic component that is configured to be used as part or all of any structure and that has a surface configured to receive a surfacing material. For example, the construction panel of some embodiments includes, or is configured to form a part of, one or more walls, floors, ceilings, columns, pillars, supports, bridges, dividers, barriers, trusses, dams, pools, overpasses, sculptures, edges, corners, ramps, doors, or any other suitable structures or portions of a structure on which it might be desirable to apply a surfacing material. In some embodiments, the panel includes one or more panel bodies 42 (e.g., for providing structure or support) and one or more surfaces 44 (e.g., on which the surfacing material can be applied).

The panel body 42 can be made of any suitable material or materials, including one or more of concrete, ashcrete, wood, metal, glass, plastic, carbon fiber, polymer material, cardboard, paper, foam, nylon, fabric, netting, foam, polystyrene, fiberglass, or any other suitable construction material. By way of non-limiting illustration, some embodiments of the panel body include expanded polystyrene (EPS) or any other suitable insulating material or other material.

The surface 44 of the panel 40 can have any shape or configuration capable of receiving a surfacing material. For example, some embodiments of the surface include one or more straight portions, curved portions, contoured portions, uneven portions, sound breaks, aesthetic features, or any other suitable surface features. In some embodiments, the surface 44 includes irregularities or other features to help the shotcrete adhere to the surface 44. In some cases, a panel has multiple surfaces (e.g., a first surface on a first side and a second surface on a second (opposing) side, each configured to receive the surfacing material).

The panel 40 can have any suitable dimensions. In this regard, FIG. 5 shows a panel 40 with a height H, a width W, and a thickness T. Although the thickness is often less than the height or the width, any of the height, width, and thickness can be anywhere between 1 mm and 1,000 m, or any subrange thereof. In some embodiments, the height is the same as the length L of the track 20, whereas in some embodiments the height is less than or greater than the length of the track. Similarly, in some embodiments, the width is the same as, greater than, or less than the length of the track. In some embodiments, the height is the same as, greater than, or less than the width.

The panel 40 can have any suitable orientation with respect to the track 20 that allows the track to perform its intended purpose. Indeed, according to some embodiments, the orientation of the length L of the track substantially aligns with the orientation of the height H of the panel (e.g., when used in connection with a wall panel, the track extends substantially vertically from a lower portion to an upper portion of the panel). In some embodiments, the orientation of the length of the track substantially aligns with the orientation of the width W of the panel (e.g., when used in connection with a wall panel, the track extends between two lateral edges of the panel). In some embodiments, the track is placed at a diagonal orientation with respect to the height and the width of the panel, or at any other orientation with respect to the panel.

While the panel 40 is not limited to any particular configuration, in some cases, the panel is configured to be used in connection with one or more other panels in a modular fashion to form a larger structure. In some cases, the panel 40 is substantially in the form of a tilt-up or pre-cast construction panel, such as a panel as disclosed in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 17/827,967, entitled IMPROVED TILT-UP AND PRECAST CONSTRUCTION PANELS, and filed on May 30, 2022, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

In some embodiments, after the track 20 is coupled to the panel 40, the panel is configured to receive one or more layers of surfacing material 60. The layer of surfacing material can include any surfacing material (as discussed above). The layer of surfacing material can also have any thickness or any configuration. For example, in some embodiments, the layer of surfacing material is anywhere between 0.01 mm and 1 m thick, or any subrange thereof. As a non-limiting example, some embodiments include a layer of surfacing material that includes shotcrete, and which is between 5 m and 20 cm thick.

In some embodiments, the thickness of the layer of surfacing material is approximately equal to (or slightly less than, or slightly greater than) a distance between the guide 22 and the surface 44. Stated another way, in some cases the outer portion 28 of the guide 22 is separated from the surface 44 by a distance that is greater than the desired thickness of the layer of surfacing material 60 (e.g., so that at least a portion of the track extends past the layer of surfacing material, and the track is not completely covered by the layer of surfacing material). In some embodiments, the inner portion 26 of the guide is separated from the surface by a distance that is less than the desired thickness of the layer of surfacing material (e.g., so that at least a portion of the guide is configured to be covered by, and later embedded in, the layer of surfacing material). Thus, in some cases, the guide is partially, but not completely, covered by and embedded in the layer of surfacing material. In some embodiments, the thickness of the surfacing material is non-uniform or variable (such as where the guide is contoured). In some embodiments, more surfacing material is initially applied than is needed to form the layer of surfacing material having the desired thickness, and the excess is screeded away to achieve the desired thickness.

In some embodiments, the panel 40 includes a mesh 46 disposed proximate to the surface 44. While the mesh can include any component configured to help a surfacing material stick to the surface, some embodiments of the mesh include one or more grids, nets, lattices, fabrics, weaves, textures, wires, rods, or any other suitable components that could aid a surfacing material in sticking to a surface. In some cases, the mesh assists the surfacing material in adhering to the surface (e.g., by giving the surfacing material increased surface area, processes, or structural irregularities to adhere to). In some embodiments, the mesh is configured to become embedded within the surfacing material. In some embodiments, the mesh is configured to be partially embedded within, or disposed on the surface, but in some cases the mesh is spaced apart from the surface such that there is a gap between the surface and the mesh. In some cases, the coupler 30 (e.g., the base 34 of the coupler) is configured to couple to the mesh (in addition to or instead of coupling directly to the surface). In some embodiments, the mesh is disposed between the guide 22 and the surface, and in some cases, there is a gap between the mesh and the guide.

According to some embodiments, the track 20 (or any component thereof, such as the base 34, the connectors 32, the guides 22, 24, or any other portion) is part of the mesh 46 (e.g., incorporated with the mesh or integrally formed with the mesh). In some cases, the track includes a separate piece of mesh (e.g., that is similar to the mesh of the panel 40, or that shares any characteristics therewith). In some cases, one or more guides 22, 24 is formed of one or more parts of a mesh (e.g., the mesh of the panel, or a separate piece of mesh), such as by having a wire or strand of the mesh (e.g., on the end, in the middle, or otherwise) protrude more prominently than other parts of the mesh (e.g., by being bent outward).

Although the mesh 46 can be formed of any suitable material (such as wires, rods, bars. metal, wood, glass, plastic, carbon fiber, polymer material, cardboard, paper, nylon, fabric, netting, or any other suitable material to which a surfacing material can adhere), in some embodiments, the mesh is formed of the same material as the track 20 (or a portion thereof). In some cases, the mesh is part of the track (or vice versa). In some cases, the mesh is formed of a material that includes wires having a uniform thickness and composition. In some cases, the wires are made of metal (e.g., pure metal or metal alloys). By way of non-limiting illustration, in some cases, the mesh is formed of a plane grid including at least two sets of longitudinal and transverse wires crossing each other and coupled (e.g., bonded, glued, welded, tied, wrapped, or otherwise coupled) together at points of cross.

Although the mesh 46 can be coupled to the panel body 42 in any suitable manner (e.g., through one or more nails, screws, bolts, staples, eyelets, magnets, hook-and-loop fasteners, adhesives, welds, interference fits, friction fits, tongue-and-groove connections, snaps, ties, rivets, stakes, PVC wire ties, epoxy coated wires, rebar wire ties, or through any other suitable coupling mechanism), in some embodiments, the mesh is coupled to the panel body by one or more spacer wires 50 that are at least partially embedded within panel body (and in some cases, extending all the way through the panel body). In some embodiments, the spacer wires are integrally formed with or configured to couple to the coupler 30.

As discussed above, the base 34 can have any feature or configuration that allows it to fulfill its designated functions, but for the avoidance of doubt, some embodiments of the base include a mesh that is similar or substantially identical to the mesh 46 of the construction panel 40.

According to some embodiments, the panel 40 includes one or more insulating cores 48. The insulating core can include any component for providing insulation (e.g., of temperature, sound, electricity, or anything else) to the panel. For example, some embodiments of the insulating core include foam, fiberglass, mineral wool, cellulose, natural fibers, polystyrene, polyisocyanurate, polyurethane, perlite, cementitious foam, phenolic foam, materials with air pockets, or any other type of insulation. By way of non-limiting illustration, some embodiments include EPS or another suitable insulating foam. While the insulating core 48 can be any shape, (e.g., to match or complement the shape of any panel) in some cases, the insulating core has a general rectangular prism (cuboid) shape.

In some embodiments, the panel body 42 includes one or more features on an opposite side of the panel 40 (e.g., one or more features on a surface positioned opposite from the surface 44). In some cases, one or more second meshes are disposed on the opposite surface. In some cases, the opposite surface is configured to receive one or more opposite layers of surfacing material. In some embodiments, one or more spacer wires 50 extend all the way through the panel body 42 (noting that, in some embodiments, one or more spacer wires 50 do not extend all the way through the panel body 42, but rather terminate inside the panel body 42). In some embodiments, one or more spacer wires 50 couples to one or more features on either side of the panel (e.g., a mesh 46 on one side, and an opposing mesh on the other side). In some embodiments, the spacer wires 50 are disposed at an angle (e.g., not perpendicular to the mesh 46 or the surface 44 of the panel body 42). In some cases, the spacer wires 50 include wires disposed at different angles, such that the spacer wires 50 would resist movement of the mesh with respect to the surface 44 or another portion of the panel body 42.

In some embodiments, the screed tool is provided. The screed tool can include any component configured to slide across the guide 22 to smooth, flatten, level, homogenize, scrape away, redistribute, texturize, or otherwise affect a layer of surfacing material, or to otherwise aid in the screeding process. In some embodiments, the screed tool includes one or more blades, edges, trowels, boards, surfaces, handles, or other components suitable for screeding or assisting a person or machine with screeding. By way of non-limiting example, in some cases, the screed tool includes a board (such as a 2×4 board cut to an acceptable length).

Although some embodiments of the screed tool are substantially straight (e.g., linear, or rather formed of a generally linear 3D component, such as a cuboid, a cylinder, a polyhedron, or another rod-like component), the screed tool can have any other shape. In some cases, the screed tool has a corner (or other portion) configured to correspond with at least one of an inside corner and an outside corner of a construct (e.g., generally L-shaped, shaped like a square, having a right angle, or any other suitable angle (e.g., an angle of less than 359 degrees, an angle of less than 180 degrees, an angle of less than 90 degrees, etc.), or is otherwise configured to be used with a track 20 such as one shown in FIGS. 7A-9. In some embodiments, an angle (or other shape) of the screed tool is adjustable (e.g., such that it can be used as a straight screed tool, a corner screed tool, or any other suitable screed tool).

Some embodiments include a method for screeding a surfacing material. While the method can include any action, step, process, or other portion of a method useful for screeding a surfacing material, and while any such portions can be omitted, reordered, substituted, repeated, formed at least partially in parallel, performed at least partially in series, or otherwise modified in any suitable manner, some embodiments include forming or using one or more of the components discussed herein in any suitable manner. In some embodiments, the method includes one or more of: obtaining a track 20; coupling the track to a surface; disposing a surfacing material on the surface such that the track becomes at least partially covered by the surfacing material; and running a screed tool along the track to screed the surfacing material. In some embodiments, the method includes forming a construction panel 40 having the track.

In some cases, the method includes forming a panel 40 that has a layer of surfacing material 60 integrated therein, whereas in some cases, the panel 40 is provided without the surfacing material, and is configured to be later installed by applying the layer of surfacing material 60 and screeding the surfacing material, using the features of the panel 40 (e.g., the track 20) to more effectively and efficiently screed the surfacing material.

In some embodiments, the method includes obtaining (e.g., manufacturing, purchasing, acquiring, modifying other components to form, or otherwise obtaining) one or more components of a construction panel 40 as discussed herein. For example, without limitation, some iterations of the method include obtaining one or more: panel bodies 42 (in some cases, having one or more surfaces 44, meshes 46, insulating cores 48, or spacer wires 50); tracks 20 (in some cases, having one or more guides 22, 24); and couplers 30 (in some cases, having one or more coupling elements 32). In some embodiments, the method includes obtaining surfacing material or one or more screed tools.

In some embodiments, the method includes applying one or more layers of surfacing material 60 to the surface 44. In some cases, this includes applying the surfacing material (e.g., of shotcrete) such that the surfacing material substantially covers the surface 44. In some cases, the surfacing material fully or partially envelopes the coupler 30 (or coupling elements 32). In some cases, the layer of surfacing material 60 fully or partially envelopes the mesh 46.

In some embodiments, the method includes aligning the screed tool with the track 20. In some cases, the track 20 includes a first guide 22 and a second guide 24 disposed substantially parallel to the first guide 22. In some cases, the method includes disposing the first guide 22 apart from the second guide 24 in a distance less than the length of the screed tool (e.g., so that the screed tool can interface with multiple guides at a time, to help keep the screed tool level). In some cases, the method includes placing one or more tracks within or in between two opposing perimeters of the surface. In some cases, the track helps hold the screed tool in a particular orientation or position with respect to one or more axes of the construction panel 40 while the screed tool is used to screed the surfacing material. Thus, in some cases, the guides have sufficient resiliency and tension to avoid bending substantially when pressure is applied to them by the screed tool.

In some embodiments, the method includes running the screed tool along the track 20 or tracks to flatten, smooth, or otherwise screed the layer of surfacing material 60 to a substantially uniform or desired texture and thickness. In some cases, the thickness is less than a distance between the surface 44 and the outer portion 28 of the track 20. In some cases, the thickness is more than a distance between the surface 44 and the inner portion 26 of the track 20. In some iterations, the applying the layer of surfacing material 60 to the surface includes applying an amount of surfacing material such that the thickness of the layer of surfacing material 60 is sufficient for the layer of surfacing material 60 to substantially fill a space between the track 20 and the surface 44 (in some cases, encasing the mesh 46).

In some embodiments, the panel body 42 includes an insulating core 48 and a mesh 46 coupled to the insulating core 48, and the coupling the track 20 to the panel body 42 with the coupler 30 includes embedding a portion of the coupler 30 within the insulating core 48 (or within another portion of the panel body).

In some embodiments, the method includes coupling the mesh 46 to the insulating core 48 (in some cases, using a plurality of spacer wires 50 at least partially embedded in the insulating core 48). In some iterations, the method includes coupling a plurality of guides 50 to the insulating core 48 (e.g., using a plurality of couplers 30, which in some cases are at least partially embedded in (or are otherwise coupled to) the insulating core 48 such that a distance between the guides and the insulating core 48 is greater than a distance between the mesh 46 and the insulating core 48). In some cases, the method includes coupling the plurality of guides to the mesh 46.

As discussed above, in some embodiments, the track 20 is part of the mesh 46, or the track has a substantially similar configuration to the mesh. Accordingly, in some embodiments, coupling the mesh to the panel 40 includes coupling the track to the panel. That said, in some embodiments, coupling the track to the panel includes coupling the track to the mesh of the panel (e.g., where the panel has its own piece of mesh integrated therein, and where the track includes a separate piece of mesh).

According to some embodiments where the track 20 includes mesh (e.g., the mesh 46 of the panel 40 or a separate piece of mesh), the method includes bending a portion of the track to cause one or more portions of the mesh to become one or more guides 22, 24 (coupled to a base 34 via connectors 32, which are each in turn also part of the mesh, as discussed above). According to some embodiments, the method includes clipping excess wires or other components off the guide, smoothing the guide, reshaping the guide, or otherwise ensuring that it is properly configured (e.g., having any attributes desirable of a guide, as discussed herein).

The systems and methods disclosed herein can be modified in any suitable manner. For example, in some embodiments, a single component acts as both a base 34 and a connector 32 (e.g., by coupling the guide 22 to the surface 44). To illustrate (and as shown in FIG. 5), some embodiments include a rod (or any other connector 32) configured to be embedded in a panel 40 having the surface 44, which rod is configured to directly couple the guide 22 to the panel 40 without the need for a separate base. In some such embodiments, the base can be considered to include the portion of the component embedded within the panel 40, and the connector can be considered to include the portion of the component exterior to the panel that connects the guide to the base.

As another example of a suitable modification, some embodiments of the screed track 20 are used as spacers to ensure that cast-in-place forms or other forms are spaced an appropriate distance from a panel (including from an insulative core). For example, instead of (or in addition to) using shotcrete for a particular project, a form can be built around a panel (such as the construction panel 40 or any other suitable panel), with the form abutting or being disposed adjacent to the guides 22, 24, such that the form is spaced the appropriate distance from the panel. The space between the form and the panel can then be filled with concrete (e.g., through traditional cement pouring or via any other suitable method).

As the systems and methods disclosed herein are compatible with one another, the systems discussed herein can be used in practicing the methods disclosed herein, and vice versa. Accordingly, the method may further include implementing, exercising, or otherwise using any of the components discussed herein for any of their stated or intended purposes, as reasonably predictable and understood by a person of ordinary skill in the art. The systems disclosed herein can be made in any suitable manner, and they may be used in any way consistent with their operational capabilities. Furthermore, any of the components from any embodiments, FIGS., implementations, methods, systems, examples, illustrations, iterations, cases, or any other portion of this disclosure can be combined, mixed, matched, substituted, or modified with any other components disclosed herein, in any manner. Moreover, unless expressly stated otherwise, any particular component or components disclosed herein can be omitted.

As used herein, the singular forms “a”, “an”, “the” and other singular references include plural referents, and plural references include the singular, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. For example, reference to a panel includes reference to one or more panels, and reference to tracks includes reference to one or more tracks. In addition, where reference is made to a list of elements (e.g., elements a, b, and c), such reference is intended to include any one of the listed elements by itself, any combination of less than all of the listed elements, and/or a combination of all of the listed elements. Moreover, the term “or” by itself is not exclusive (and therefore may be interpreted to mean “and/or”) unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. Likewise, the term “and” is not always inclusive, and therefore means “and/or” unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. Furthermore, the terms “including”, “having”, “such as”, “for example”, “illustration”, “e.g.”, and any similar terms are not intended to limit the disclosure, and may be interpreted as being followed by the words “without limitation”.

In addition, as the terms “on”, “disposed on”, “attached to”, “connected to”, “coupled to”, etc. are used herein, one object (e.g., a material, element, structure, member, etc.) can be on, disposed on, attached to, connected to, or otherwise coupled to another object—regardless of whether the one object is directly on, attached, connected, or coupled to the other object, or whether there are one or more intervening objects between the one object and the other object. Also, directions (e.g., “front”, “back”, “on top of”, “below”, “above”, “top”, “bottom”, “side”, “up”, “down”, “under”, “over”, “upper”, “lower”, “lateral”, “right-side”, “left-side”, “inside”, “outside”, “base”, etc.), if provided, are relative and provided solely by way of example and for ease of illustration and discussion and not by way of limitation.

The described systems and methods may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from their spirit or essential characteristics. The described embodiments, examples, and illustrations are to be considered in all respects only as illustrative and not restrictive. The scope of the described systems and methods is, therefore, indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description. All changes that come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are to be embraced within their scope. Moreover, any component and characteristic from any embodiments, examples, iterations, cases, implementations, methods, and illustrations set forth herein can be combined in absolutely any suitable manner with any other components or characteristics from one or more other embodiments, examples, iterations, cases, implementations, methods, and illustrations described herein.

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR PROVIDING A SCREED TRACK

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CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

Provisional Applications (1)