The present invention is directed generally toward systems and methods for providing differential motion to wing high lift devices, for example, to provide differential camber to wings during high speed flight.
Modern commercial transport aircraft have wings that are designed to be very efficient at high subsonic Mach numbers. Accordingly, the wings can provide relatively high fuel efficiency during cruise flight segments, which make up the bulk of a typical airliner flight plan, particularly for long range aircraft. These aircraft typically include other devices (e.g., leading edge devices, trailing edge devices, and spoilers) that change the shape of the aircraft wing during takeoff, descent, and/or landing. Accordingly, the shape of the wing can be temporarily changed to increase the lift and/or drag of the wing during non-cruise flight segments.
Continued competitive pressure on airlines and manufacturers has made fuel efficiency an increasingly important aspect of aircraft operations. Increasing fuel prices have exacerbated this pressure. However, existing systems may not improve aircraft fuel efficiency to desired levels, while still maintaining low costs for system development, manufacturing, operations, and maintenance, and while maintaining commonality with existing systems.
The present invention is directed generally to systems and methods for providing differential motion to wing high lift devices. The differential motion can be used to tailor the spanwise camber distribution of the wing, thereby improving the aerodynamic efficiency of the wing, for example, at high aircraft speeds. An aircraft wing system in accordance with one aspect of the invention includes a wing having a leading edge and a trailing edge, a first deployable lift device having a first spanwise location and a second deployable lift device having a second spanwise location different than the first. Each lift device can be movable relative to the wing from a stowed position to a deployed position. The wing system can further include a drive system having a drive link operatively coupleable to both the first and second lift devices. A control system is operatively coupled to the drive system and has a first configuration for which the drive link is operatively coupled to the first and second lift devices, and activation of at least a portion of the drive link moves the first and second lift devices together. The control system also has a second configuration for which the drive link is operatively coupled to the first lift device and operatively decoupled from the second lift device, and activation of at least a portion of the drive link moves the first lift device relative to the second lift device.
In further embodiments, the control system can have a third configuration for which the drive link is operatively coupled to the second lift device and operatively decoupled from the first lift device. Accordingly, activation of at least a portion of the drive link moves the second lift device relative to the first lift device. In still further embodiments, the drive link can include a mechanical drive shaft or a hydraulic link, and the first lift device can be located inboard or outboard of the second lift device.
A method for operating an aircraft wing system in accordance with another aspect of the invention includes coupling first and second deployable lift devices of a wing with a drive link, wherein the first and second deployable lift devices are located at different spanwise locations of the wing. The method can further include moving the first and second deployable lift devices together by activating the drive link, decoupling the second deployable lift device from the drive link, and moving the first deployable lift device relative to the second deployable lift device by activating the drive link while the second deployable lift device is decoupled from the drive link.
In further embodiments, the method can further comprise limiting a range of motion of the first lift device to have a first value when moving the first and second lift devices together, and limiting the range of motion of the first lift device to have a second value less than the first value when moving the first lift device relative to the second lift device. Moving the first lift device relative to the second can include changing a spanwise camber distribution of the wing.
The following disclosure describes systems and methods for providing differential motion to wing high lift devices. Certain specific details are set forth in the following description and in
Many embodiments of the invention described below may take the form of computer-executable instructions, such as routines executed by a programmable computer. Those skilled in the relevant art will appreciate that the invention can be practiced on other computer system configurations as well. The invention can be embodied in a special-purpose computer or data processor that is specifically programmed, configured or constructed to perform one or more of the computer-executable instructions described below. Accordingly, the term “computer” as generally used herein includes any processor and can include Internet appliances, hand-held devices (including palm-top computers, cellular or mobile phones, multiprocessor systems, processor-based or programmable consumer electronics, minicomputers and the like).
The invention can also be practiced in distributed computing environments, where tasks or modules are performed by remote processing devices that are linked with a communications network. In a distributed computing environment, program modules or subroutines may be located in both local and remote memory storage devices. Aspects of the invention described below may be stored or distributed on computer-readable media, including magnetic or optically readable computer disks (e.g., removable disks) as well as distributed electronically over networks. Data structures and transmissions of data particular to aspects of the invention are also encompassed within the scope of the invention. Information handled in accordance with aspects of the invention can be presented at displays or display media, for example, CRT screens, LCD screens, or other suitable devices.
The wings 110 can include leading edge devices 116 and trailing edge devices 111 that control the camber of the wing during one or more flight segments. The leading edge devices 116 and the trailing edge devices 111 can be coupled to a control system 120 that receives operator inputs 121 and automatic inputs 125 for controlling the operation of the leading edge devices 116 and the trailing edge devices 111. The control system 120 can also control the operation of the propulsion system 107, the elevators 105, and the rudders 103. Accordingly, the control system 120 can include a computer having a processor 126 and a memory 127, and can be configured to read instructions from one or more computer-readable media 128.
In a particular embodiment of the invention, the same trailing edge devices 111 that provide for high lift during low speed operations can also be deflected by relatively small amounts to tailor the lift distribution across the span of the wing 110. In other words, trailing edge devices 111 having different spanwise locations on the wing 110 can be deflected by different amounts and/or in different directions to adjust the camber of the wing 110 at a plurality of spanwise locations and therefore tailor the lift distribution of the wing 110 to account for conditions that may vary in a spanwise direction. Accordingly, the trailing edge devices 111 can be deflected from a neutral position N to an upwardly deflected position U and/or to a downwardly deflected position D. In particular embodiments, the deflections from the neutral position N can be on the order of a few degrees (e.g., plus or minus two degrees). In other embodiments, these deflections can have other values. In any of these embodiments, the overall arrangement of the trailing edge devices 111 themselves can be the same as, or at least generally similar to, existing arrangements. The capability to operate the trailing edge devices 111 during high speed flight can be provided by additions to and/or replacements of the existing hardware and software used to control the operation of the existing trailing edge devices 111.
In process portion 274, the system receives a variable camber command, e.g., an automatic or pilot-initiated command to adjust the camber of the wings in such a manner that the camber at inboard and outboard parts of the wing are different. Accordingly, in process portion 275, the system places the inboard and outboard flaps at different relative positions, typically at higher speed conditions, including cruise conditions. Further details of systems for performing these functions are described below with reference to
The drive system 350 can include a drive link 353 that delivers power to the flaps 212, 213. The drive link 353 can be coupled to both a primary motor 351 and an alternate or backup motor 352. The primary motor 351 can provide power to the flaps 212, 213 during normal operations, and the alternate motor 352 can provide power to the flaps 212, 213 in the event the primary motor 351 is unable to do so. As is also described in greater detail below, the primary motor 351 can provide power to the flaps 212, 213 when the flaps are moved during low speed flight segments, and the alternate motor 352 can provide power to the flaps 212, 213 during high speed flight segments. The drive link 353 can be coupled to a plurality of actuators 354, each of which provides power to the flaps 212, 213. In a particular embodiment, the drive link 353 can include a mechanical drive shaft (e.g., a torque tube) and in other embodiments, the drive link can include other types of links, including hydraulic links and electrical links.
The control system 320 can include one or more control devices that coordinate, direct, and control the manner in which power is provided to the flaps 212, 213, under the direction of the controller 323. In a particular embodiment, the control system 320 can include a central control device 330 that provides power to devices located in both wings 110, and a differential control device 340 located in each of the wings 110. The differential control devices 340, together with the central control device 330, can provide power differentially to the inboard flaps 212 and the outboard flaps 213.
The central control device 330 can include a primary brake 331 that brakes the primary motor 351, and an alternate brake 332 that brakes the alternate motor 352. The differential control devices 340 can each include a differential 341 that receives power from the drive link 353 and distributes the power to the corresponding inboard flap 212, or the outboard flap 213, or both. Accordingly, the differential 341 can include a planetary gear device or other suitable mechanical differential, or an equivalent hydraulic or electrical device, depending on the nature of the drive link 353. When a differential brake 342 is engaged with the differential 341, the differential 341 provides power to both the inboard flap 212 and the outboard flap 213. When an outboard brake 344 is engaged with the differential 341, only the inboard flap 212 moves. When the inboard flap 212 and/or the outboard flap 213 is moved during high speed flight, a range limiter 343 can be engaged with the drive link 353 and/or the differential 341 to prevent unnecessarily high deflections of either of the flaps 212, 213. The range limiter 343 can include a mechanical device, electrical device and/or set of instructions based in a computer-readable medium. The system can also include a stop module (not shown) that limits the angular deflection difference between the inboard flap 212 and the outboard flap 213.
Operation of the control system 320 and the flaps 212, 213 is described below with reference to
Once the outboard flaps 213 have been moved to their target positions, the inboard flaps 212 can be moved relative to the outboard flaps 213, as shown in
One feature of an embodiment of the system described above with reference to
Another feature of an embodiment of the system described above with reference to
Yet another feature of an embodiment of the system described above with reference to
In
In
In other embodiments, the arrangement described above with reference to
One feature of an arrangement described above with reference to
From the foregoing, it will be appreciated that specific embodiments of the invention have been described herein for purposes of illustration, but that various modifications may be made without deviating from the spirit and scope of the invention. For example, aspects of the invention described in the context of particular embodiments can be combined or eliminated in other embodiments. In many of the embodiments described above, high lift devices on one side of the aircraft longitudinal centerline are moved in concert with correspondingly-positioned high lift devices on the other side of the aircraft longitudinal centerline. In other embodiments, devices on opposite sides of the aircraft longitudinal centerline can be moved in different manners. In still further embodiments, the differentially movable high lift devices can be coupled to the wing leading edge, in addition to or in lieu of coupling differentially movable high lift devices to the wing trailing edge. While the wings illustrated in the Figures each include two high lift devices that are actuated to provide a variable camber, the wings can include more such high lift devices in other embodiments. Accordingly, the invention is not limited except as by the appended claims.
This is a continuation application of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/935,846, filed Sep. 8, 2004, entitled SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR PROVIDING DIFFERENTIAL MOTION TO WING HIGH LIFT DEVICE, which is herein incorporated by reference in its entirety.
Number | Name | Date | Kind |
---|---|---|---|
1724456 | Crook | Aug 1929 | A |
1770575 | Ksoll | Jul 1930 | A |
2086085 | Lachmann et al. | Jul 1937 | A |
2169416 | Griswold | Aug 1939 | A |
2282516 | Hans et al. | May 1942 | A |
2289704 | Grant | Jul 1942 | A |
2319383 | Zap | May 1943 | A |
2444293 | Holt | Jun 1943 | A |
2347230 | Zuck | Apr 1944 | A |
2358985 | McAndrew | Sep 1944 | A |
2378528 | Arsandaux | Jun 1945 | A |
2383102 | Zap | Aug 1945 | A |
2385351 | Davidsen | Sep 1945 | A |
2387492 | Blaylock et al. | Oct 1945 | A |
2389274 | Pearsall et al. | Nov 1945 | A |
2406475 | Rogers | Aug 1946 | A |
2422296 | Flader et al. | Jun 1947 | A |
2458900 | Erny | Jan 1949 | A |
2504684 | Harper | Apr 1950 | A |
2518854 | Badenoch | Aug 1950 | A |
2555862 | Romani | Jun 1951 | A |
2563453 | Briend | Aug 1951 | A |
2652812 | Fenzl | Sep 1953 | A |
2665084 | Feeney et al. | Jan 1954 | A |
2851229 | Clark | Sep 1958 | A |
2864239 | Taylor | Dec 1958 | A |
2877968 | Granan et al. | Mar 1959 | A |
2886008 | Geyer et al. | May 1959 | A |
2891740 | Campbell | Jun 1959 | A |
2892312 | Allen et al. | Jun 1959 | A |
2899152 | Weiland | Aug 1959 | A |
2912190 | MacDonough | Nov 1959 | A |
2920844 | Marshall et al. | Jan 1960 | A |
2938680 | Greene et al. | May 1960 | A |
2990144 | Hougland | Jun 1961 | A |
2990145 | Hougland | Jun 1961 | A |
3013748 | Westburg | Dec 1961 | A |
3089666 | Quenzler | May 1963 | A |
3102607 | Roberts | Sep 1963 | A |
3112089 | Dornier | Nov 1963 | A |
3136504 | Carr | Jun 1964 | A |
3166271 | Zuck | Jan 1965 | A |
3203275 | Hoover | Aug 1965 | A |
3263946 | Roberts et al. | Aug 1966 | A |
3282535 | Steiner | Nov 1966 | A |
3375998 | Alvarez-Calderon | Apr 1968 | A |
3423858 | Speno | Jan 1969 | A |
3447763 | Allcock | Jun 1969 | A |
3463418 | Miksch | Aug 1969 | A |
3504870 | Cole et al. | Apr 1970 | A |
3528632 | Miles et al. | Sep 1970 | A |
3539133 | Robertson | Nov 1970 | A |
3556439 | Autry et al. | Jan 1971 | A |
3587311 | Hays, Jr. | Jun 1971 | A |
3589648 | Gorham et al. | Jun 1971 | A |
3642234 | Kamber et al. | Feb 1972 | A |
3653611 | Trupp et al. | Apr 1972 | A |
3659810 | Robertson | May 1972 | A |
3677504 | Schwarzler et al. | Jul 1972 | A |
3704743 | Edwards et al. | Dec 1972 | A |
3704828 | Studer et al. | Dec 1972 | A |
3711039 | James | Jan 1973 | A |
3743219 | Gorges et al. | Jul 1973 | A |
3767140 | Johnson | Oct 1973 | A |
3794276 | Maltby et al. | Feb 1974 | A |
3804267 | Cook et al. | Apr 1974 | A |
3807447 | Masuda et al. | Apr 1974 | A |
3813062 | Prather | May 1974 | A |
3827658 | Hallworth | Aug 1974 | A |
3831886 | Burdges et al. | Aug 1974 | A |
3836099 | O'Neill et al. | Sep 1974 | A |
3837601 | Cole | Sep 1974 | A |
3862730 | Heiney | Jan 1975 | A |
3874617 | Johnson | Apr 1975 | A |
3897029 | Calderon et al. | Jul 1975 | A |
3904152 | Hill | Sep 1975 | A |
3910530 | James et al. | Oct 1975 | A |
3913450 | MacGregor | Oct 1975 | A |
3917192 | Alvarez-Calderon et al. | Nov 1975 | A |
3931374 | Moutet et al. | Jan 1976 | A |
3941334 | Cole | Mar 1976 | A |
3941341 | Brogdon, Jr. | Mar 1976 | A |
3949957 | Portier et al. | Apr 1976 | A |
3968946 | Cole | Jul 1976 | A |
3985319 | Dean et al. | Oct 1976 | A |
3991574 | Frazier | Nov 1976 | A |
3992979 | Smith et al. | Nov 1976 | A |
3993584 | Owen et al. | Nov 1976 | A |
3994451 | Cole | Nov 1976 | A |
4011888 | Whelchel et al. | Mar 1977 | A |
4015787 | Maieli et al. | Apr 1977 | A |
4106730 | Spitzer et al. | Aug 1978 | A |
4117996 | Sherman | Oct 1978 | A |
4120470 | Whitener | Oct 1978 | A |
4131253 | Zapel | Dec 1978 | A |
4146200 | Borzachillo | Mar 1979 | A |
4171787 | Zapel | Oct 1979 | A |
4180222 | Thornburg | Dec 1979 | A |
4181275 | Moelter et al. | Jan 1980 | A |
4189120 | Wang | Feb 1980 | A |
4189121 | Harper et al. | Feb 1980 | A |
4189122 | Miller | Feb 1980 | A |
4200253 | Rowarth et al. | Apr 1980 | A |
4202519 | Fletcher | May 1980 | A |
4240255 | Benilan et al. | Dec 1980 | A |
4262868 | Dean | Apr 1981 | A |
4267990 | Staudacher et al. | May 1981 | A |
4275942 | Steidl | Jun 1981 | A |
4283029 | Rudolph | Aug 1981 | A |
4285482 | Lewis | Aug 1981 | A |
4293110 | Middleton et al. | Oct 1981 | A |
4312486 | McKinney | Jan 1982 | A |
4325123 | Graham et al. | Apr 1982 | A |
4351502 | Statkus | Sep 1982 | A |
4353517 | Rudolph | Oct 1982 | A |
4358077 | Coronel | Nov 1982 | A |
4360176 | Brown | Nov 1982 | A |
4363098 | Buus et al. | Dec 1982 | A |
4365774 | Coronel | Dec 1982 | A |
4368937 | Palombo et al. | Jan 1983 | A |
4384693 | Pauly et al. | May 1983 | A |
4427168 | McKinney et al. | Jan 1984 | A |
4441675 | Boehringer et al. | Apr 1984 | A |
4444368 | Andrews | Apr 1984 | A |
4459084 | Clark | Jul 1984 | A |
4461449 | Turner | Jul 1984 | A |
4471925 | Kunz et al. | Sep 1984 | A |
4471927 | Rudolph et al. | Sep 1984 | A |
4472780 | Chenoweth et al. | Sep 1984 | A |
4475702 | Cole | Oct 1984 | A |
4479620 | Rogers et al. | Oct 1984 | A |
4485992 | Rao | Dec 1984 | A |
4496121 | Berlin | Jan 1985 | A |
4498646 | Proksch et al. | Feb 1985 | A |
4528775 | Einarsson et al. | Jul 1985 | A |
4533096 | Baker et al. | Aug 1985 | A |
4542869 | Brine | Sep 1985 | A |
4544117 | Schuster | Oct 1985 | A |
4553722 | Cole | Nov 1985 | A |
4575099 | Nash | Mar 1986 | A |
4576347 | Opsahl | Mar 1986 | A |
4637573 | Perin et al. | Jan 1987 | A |
4650140 | Cole | Mar 1987 | A |
4691879 | Greene | Sep 1987 | A |
4700911 | Zimmer et al. | Oct 1987 | A |
4702441 | Wang | Oct 1987 | A |
4706913 | Cole | Nov 1987 | A |
4712752 | Victor | Dec 1987 | A |
4717097 | Sepstrup | Jan 1988 | A |
4720066 | Renken et al. | Jan 1988 | A |
4729528 | Borzachillo | Mar 1988 | A |
4747375 | Williams | May 1988 | A |
4779822 | Burandt et al. | Oct 1988 | A |
4784355 | Brine | Nov 1988 | A |
4786013 | Pohl et al. | Nov 1988 | A |
4789119 | Bellego et al. | Dec 1988 | A |
4796192 | Lewis | Jan 1989 | A |
4823836 | Bachmann et al. | Apr 1989 | A |
4834319 | Ewy et al. | May 1989 | A |
4838503 | Williams et al. | Jun 1989 | A |
4854528 | Hofrichter et al. | Aug 1989 | A |
4856735 | Lotz et al. | Aug 1989 | A |
4867394 | Patterson, Jr. | Sep 1989 | A |
4892274 | Pohl et al. | Jan 1990 | A |
4899284 | Lewis et al. | Feb 1990 | A |
4962902 | Fortes | Oct 1990 | A |
4991800 | Schwarz | Feb 1991 | A |
5039032 | Rudolph | Aug 1991 | A |
5046688 | Woods | Sep 1991 | A |
5050081 | Abbott et al. | Sep 1991 | A |
5056741 | Bliesner et al. | Oct 1991 | A |
5074495 | Raymond | Dec 1991 | A |
5082207 | Tulinius | Jan 1992 | A |
5082208 | Matich | Jan 1992 | A |
5088665 | Vijgen et al. | Feb 1992 | A |
5094411 | Rao | Mar 1992 | A |
5094412 | Narramore | Mar 1992 | A |
5100082 | Archung | Mar 1992 | A |
5114100 | Rudolph et al. | May 1992 | A |
5129597 | Manthey et al. | Jul 1992 | A |
5158252 | Sakurai | Oct 1992 | A |
5167383 | Nozaki et al. | Dec 1992 | A |
5203619 | Welsch et al. | Apr 1993 | A |
5207400 | Jennings et al. | May 1993 | A |
5244269 | Harriehausen et al. | Sep 1993 | A |
5259293 | Brunner et al. | Nov 1993 | A |
5280863 | Schmittle | Jan 1994 | A |
5282591 | Walters et al. | Feb 1994 | A |
5310387 | Savagian | May 1994 | A |
5351914 | Nagao et al. | Oct 1994 | A |
5388788 | Rudolph | Feb 1995 | A |
5420582 | Kubbat et al. | May 1995 | A |
5441218 | Mueller et al. | Aug 1995 | A |
5474265 | Capbern et al. | Dec 1995 | A |
5493497 | Buus | Feb 1996 | A |
5535852 | Bishop et al. | Jul 1996 | A |
5542684 | Squirrell et al. | Aug 1996 | A |
5544847 | Bliesner | Aug 1996 | A |
5600220 | Thoraval et al. | Feb 1997 | A |
5609020 | Jackson et al. | Mar 1997 | A |
5680124 | Bedell et al. | Oct 1997 | A |
5681014 | Palmer | Oct 1997 | A |
5686907 | Bedell et al. | Nov 1997 | A |
5735485 | Ciprian et al. | Apr 1998 | A |
5740991 | Gleine et al. | Apr 1998 | A |
5743490 | Gillingham et al. | Apr 1998 | A |
5746490 | Domenig | May 1998 | A |
5788190 | Siers | Aug 1998 | A |
5839698 | Moppert | Nov 1998 | A |
5875998 | Gleine et al. | Mar 1999 | A |
5915653 | Koppelman | Jun 1999 | A |
5927656 | Hinkleman | Jul 1999 | A |
5934615 | Treichler et al. | Aug 1999 | A |
5978715 | Briffe et al. | Nov 1999 | A |
5984230 | Orazi | Nov 1999 | A |
6015117 | Broadbent et al. | Jan 2000 | A |
6033180 | Machida et al. | Mar 2000 | A |
6045204 | Frazier et al. | Apr 2000 | A |
6073624 | Laurent | Jun 2000 | A |
6076767 | Farley et al. | Jun 2000 | A |
6076776 | Breitbach et al. | Jun 2000 | A |
6079672 | Lam et al. | Jun 2000 | A |
6082679 | Crouch et al. | Jul 2000 | A |
6085129 | Schardt et al. | Jul 2000 | A |
6109567 | Munoz Saiz et al. | Aug 2000 | A |
6145791 | Diller et al. | Nov 2000 | A |
6152405 | Muller et al. | Nov 2000 | A |
6161801 | Kelm et al. | Dec 2000 | A |
6164598 | Young et al. | Dec 2000 | A |
6173924 | Young et al. | Jan 2001 | B1 |
6189837 | Matthews | Feb 2001 | B1 |
6213433 | Gruensfelder et al. | Apr 2001 | B1 |
6227498 | Arata | May 2001 | B1 |
6244542 | Young et al. | Jun 2001 | B1 |
6293497 | Kelley-Wickemeyer et al. | Sep 2001 | B1 |
6328265 | Dizdarevic | Dec 2001 | B1 |
6349798 | McKay et al. | Feb 2002 | B1 |
6349903 | Caton et al. | Feb 2002 | B2 |
6364254 | May et al. | Apr 2002 | B1 |
6375126 | Sakurai et al. | Apr 2002 | B1 |
6382566 | Ferrel et al. | May 2002 | B1 |
6431498 | Watts et al. | Aug 2002 | B1 |
6439512 | Hart | Aug 2002 | B1 |
6443394 | Weisend, Jr. | Sep 2002 | B1 |
6450457 | Sharp et al. | Sep 2002 | B1 |
6464175 | Yada et al. | Oct 2002 | B2 |
6466141 | McKay et al. | Oct 2002 | B1 |
6466234 | Pyle et al. | Oct 2002 | B1 |
6478541 | Charles et al. | Nov 2002 | B1 |
6481667 | Ho | Nov 2002 | B1 |
6484969 | Sprenger et al. | Nov 2002 | B2 |
6499577 | Kitamoto et al. | Dec 2002 | B2 |
6536714 | Gleine et al. | Mar 2003 | B2 |
6547183 | Farnsworth | Apr 2003 | B2 |
6554229 | Lam et al. | Apr 2003 | B1 |
6561463 | Yount et al. | May 2003 | B1 |
6568189 | Blot-Carretero et al. | May 2003 | B2 |
6591169 | Jones et al. | Jul 2003 | B2 |
6598829 | Kamstra | Jul 2003 | B2 |
6598834 | Nettle et al. | Jul 2003 | B2 |
6601801 | Prow et al. | Aug 2003 | B1 |
6622972 | Urnes, Sr. et al. | Sep 2003 | B2 |
6622974 | Dockter et al. | Sep 2003 | B1 |
6625982 | Van Den Bossche et al. | Sep 2003 | B2 |
6644599 | Perez | Nov 2003 | B2 |
6651930 | Gautier et al. | Nov 2003 | B1 |
6698523 | Barber | Mar 2004 | B2 |
6729583 | Milliere et al. | May 2004 | B2 |
6745113 | Griffin et al. | Jun 2004 | B2 |
6755375 | Trikha | Jun 2004 | B2 |
6796526 | Boehringer | Sep 2004 | B2 |
6796534 | Beyer et al. | Sep 2004 | B2 |
6799739 | Jones | Oct 2004 | B1 |
6802475 | Davies et al. | Oct 2004 | B2 |
6824099 | Jones | Nov 2004 | B1 |
6843452 | Vassberg et al. | Jan 2005 | B1 |
6860452 | Bacon et al. | Mar 2005 | B2 |
6870490 | Sherry et al. | Mar 2005 | B2 |
6915190 | Galasso | Jul 2005 | B2 |
6978971 | Dun | Dec 2005 | B1 |
6980198 | Gyde et al. | Dec 2005 | B1 |
6981676 | Milliere et al. | Jan 2006 | B2 |
7007889 | Charron | Mar 2006 | B2 |
7007897 | Wingett et al. | Mar 2006 | B2 |
7028948 | Pitt | Apr 2006 | B2 |
7048228 | Vassberg et al. | May 2006 | B2 |
7048234 | Recksiek et al. | May 2006 | B2 |
7048235 | McLean et al. | May 2006 | B2 |
7051975 | Pohl et al. | May 2006 | B2 |
7051982 | Johnson | May 2006 | B1 |
7059563 | Huynh | Jun 2006 | B2 |
7147241 | Beaujot et al. | Dec 2006 | B2 |
7226020 | Pohl et al. | Jun 2007 | B2 |
7243881 | Sakurai et al. | Jul 2007 | B2 |
7258308 | Beyer | Aug 2007 | B2 |
7264206 | Wheaton et al. | Sep 2007 | B2 |
7270305 | Rampton et al. | Sep 2007 | B2 |
7322547 | Konings | Jan 2008 | B2 |
7338018 | Huynh et al. | Mar 2008 | B2 |
7357358 | Lacy et al. | Apr 2008 | B2 |
7363119 | Griffin, III et al. | Apr 2008 | B2 |
7424350 | Speer | Sep 2008 | B2 |
7455264 | Wakayama | Nov 2008 | B2 |
7506842 | Jones | Mar 2009 | B2 |
20040059474 | Boorman et al. | Mar 2004 | A1 |
20050109826 | Fry et al. | May 2005 | A1 |
20050242234 | Mahmulyin | Nov 2005 | A1 |
20060038086 | Reckzeh | Feb 2006 | A1 |
20060144996 | Carl et al. | Jul 2006 | A1 |
20060169874 | Lien et al. | Aug 2006 | A1 |
20070176051 | Good et al. | Aug 2007 | A1 |
20070252040 | Kordel et al. | Nov 2007 | A1 |
20080283672 | Denzler et al. | Nov 2008 | A1 |
Number | Date | Country |
---|---|---|
387833 | Jan 1924 | DE |
1129379 | May 1962 | DE |
0100775 | Feb 1984 | EP |
0103038 | Mar 1984 | EP |
0370640 | May 1990 | EP |
0483504 | May 1992 | EP |
0489521 | Jun 1992 | EP |
0781704 | Jul 1997 | EP |
0947421 | Oct 1999 | EP |
1010616 | Jun 2000 | EP |
1338506 | Aug 2003 | EP |
1547917 | Jun 2005 | EP |
705155 | Jun 1931 | FR |
984443 | Jul 1951 | FR |
56121 | Sep 1952 | FR |
57988 | Sep 1953 | FR |
58273 | Nov 1953 | FR |
886136 | Jan 1962 | GB |
1181991 | Feb 1970 | GB |
2144688 | Mar 1985 | GB |
WO-0224530 | Mar 2002 | WO |
Number | Date | Country | |
---|---|---|---|
20090206209 A1 | Aug 2009 | US |
Number | Date | Country | |
---|---|---|---|
Parent | 10935846 | Sep 2004 | US |
Child | 12352447 | US |