Patent Application
20190240095
Unless otherwise indicated herein, the materials described in this section are not prior art to the claims in this application and are not admitted to be prior art by inclusion in this section.
A patient may be repositioned on a hospital bed by placing a slide sheet between the patient and the hospital bed and sliding the slide sheet across the hospital bed. Typically, slide sheets can be placed under a patient by rolling the patient on their side, placing a first portion of the sheet under the patient, and then rolling the patient on their other side to pull the rest of the sheet under the patient. The patient may then be moved across a hospital bed or from one bed to another by moving the slide sheet relative to the hospital bed.
The present disclosure generally relates to methods and systems for repositioning a patient on a transfer surface, such as a hospital bed, a stretcher, or another like surface. Such a system could comprise a patient transfer apparatus including two rollers and a retractable low-friction transfer sheet. When unwound from the rollers, the sheet forms two layers between the patient and the transfer surface that can slide against each other with reduced friction. This allows a physician or other user to move the patient across the transfer surface by sliding a first layer of the sheet against a second layer.
In a first implementation, a method is provided. The method includes positioning a patient transfer apparatus proximate to a patient positioned on a transfer surface. The patient transfer apparatus comprises a first roller, a second roller, and a transfer sheet. The first and the second rollers are arranged on one side of the transfer surface. A first end of the transfer sheet is coupled to the first roller, and a second end of the transfer sheet opposite the first end is coupled to the second roller. The method also includes unwinding the transfer sheet from the second roller such that the transfer sheet forms a top layer and a bottom layer beneath the patient and between the patient and the transfer surface. Unwinding the transfer sheet from the second roller comprises sliding the bottom layer of the transfer sheet between the transfer surface and the top layer of the transfer sheet. The method further includes winding the top layer of the transfer sheet around the first roller, thereby moving the patient in a direction toward the first roller, and winding the bottom layer of the transfer sheet around the second roller, thereby retracting the transfer sheet from beneath the patient.
In a second implementation, a system is provided, the system comprising a first roller, a second roller, and a transfer sheet. The first and the second rollers are arranged on one side of the transfer surface. A first end of the transfer sheet is coupled to the first roller and a second end of the transfer sheet opposite the first end is coupled to the second roller, such that the transfer sheet is configured to unwind from the second roller to form a top layer and a bottom layer beneath the patient and between the patient and the transfer surface. The bottom layer of the transfer sheet is configured to slide between the transfer surface and the top layer of the transfer sheet.
Other aspects, embodiments, and implementations will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art by reading the following detailed description with reference, where appropriate, to the accompanying drawings.
Example methods, devices, and systems are presently disclosed. It should be understood that the word “example” is used in the present disclosure to mean “serving as an instance or illustration.” Any implementation or feature presently disclosed as being an “example” is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other implementations or features. Other implementations can be utilized, and other changes can be made, without departing from the scope of the subject matter presented in the present disclosure.
Thus, the example implementations presently disclosed are not meant to be limiting. Components presently disclosed and illustrated in the figures can be arranged, substituted, combined, separated, and designed in a wide variety of different configurations, all of which are contemplated in the present disclosure.
Further, unless context suggests otherwise, the features illustrated in each of the figures can be used in combination with one another. Thus, the figures should be generally viewed as components of one or more overall implementations, with the understanding that not all illustrated features are necessary for each implementation.
In an effort to provide technical context for the present disclosure, the information in this section can broadly describe various components of the implementations presently disclosed. However, such information is provided solely for the benefit of the reader and, as such, does not expressly limit the claimed subject matter. Further, components shown in the figures are shown for illustrative purposes only. As such, the illustrations are not to be construed as limiting. As is understood, components can be added, removed, or rearranged without departing from the scope of this disclosure.
For particular applications, it could be desirable to provide a system and method for repositioning a patient. For instance, a user of the system may desire to reposition a patient on a transfer surface (e.g., a hospital bed), move a patient across a transfer surface, or move a patient from one surface to another. It could be beneficial to provide a system which facilitates portions of this patient transfer process. Such systems may allow a physician to move a patient across a transfer surface with less force, in less time, with fewer personnel, with less risk of injury, or with some other benefit.
The system and method of the present disclosure generally relate to a retractable sheet for moving a patient across a surface. The system could comprise an apparatus including two rollers and a transfer sheet, which can be positioned adjacent to a transfer surface. Opposite ends of the transfer sheet could be attached to first and second rollers, such that the sheet may be wound around either the first and/or second roller and unwound around the other roller. Additionally, the sheet can be unwound from both the first and second rollers. When the sheet is unwound from the two rollers and pulled across the transfer surface and under a patient, the transfer sheet forms two layers under the patient—a top layer and a bottom layer. The material that forms the transfer sheet is designed to reduce friction between the two layers of the sheet, allowing the patient to be moved across the transfer surface by sliding the top layer against the bottom layer of the sheet. In some examples, repositioning the patient involves retracting the top layer of the transfer sheet around the first roller, thereby moving the patient in a direction toward the apparatus. Because of the sheet's reduced-friction properties, the sheet can then be removed from under the patient with ease by retracting the remaining portion of the sheet around the second roller.
The proposed configuration may make the process of moving a patient more convenient by arranging the transfer sheet in an apparatus near a hospital bed, stretcher, gurney, or a similar transfer surface. Similarly, winding the transfer sheet around two rollers may make it easier to pull the sheet under the patient, move the patient in the direction of the roller by retracting the sheet around the roller(s), and store the sheet when not in use. In some examples, the apparatus may further provide a motor for powering the retraction or unwinding of the transfer sheet, allowing a physician or other medical personnel to reposition a patient with less force, in less time, with fewer personnel, or with reduced risk of injury. The double layered design may also provide the advantage of reducing friction when the patient is moved, facilitating the process of placing the sheet under the patient and sliding the patient across the transfer surface. Other implementations and advantages are envisioned by one of ordinary skill in the art.
The first 110 and second 120 rollers could be any elements configured to move rotationally around an axis such that the transfer sheet 130 may be wound around a roller by rotating the roller around its axis. The rollers 110, 120 may be configured to rotate both clockwise and counterclockwise in order to both wind and unwind the transfer sheet 130. A length of the rollers 110, 120 may be greater than or substantially equal to a width of the transfer sheet 130. The first 110 and second 120 rollers can be arranged at or near one side (i.e., the same side) of a transfer surface, so that, when the transfer sheet 130 is wound around the first 110 and/or second 120 rollers, the transfer sheet 130 can be retracted to the one side of the transfer surface and away from an area of the transfer surface on which a patient may be positioned. The first roller 110 may be disposed above the second roller 120, such that, when the sheet 130 is unwound from the first 110 and/or second 120 rollers and pulled across the transfer surface to form a top layer and a bottom layer of the transfer sheet 130, the top layer is coupled to the first roller 110, and the bottom layer is coupled to the second roller 120. A gap could be provided between the first 110 and second 120 rollers to allow access to a portion of the transfer sheet 130 between the rollers (e.g., to allow a user of the apparatus to pull the portion of transfer sheet to unwind it from the rollers).
The rollers 110, 120 could be held within a housing 190. The first roller 110 and the second roller 120 could be coupled to the housing 190 at their respective axes, such that the position of each roller is fixed in space relative to the other roller, but they may each rotate on their axes independently.
The transfer sheet 130 includes a first end and a second end opposite the first end. In some examples, the first end could be coupled to the first roller 110 and the second end opposite the first end could be coupled to the second roller 120 such that the transfer sheet 130 can be wound around one roller and unwound around the other roller. For example, the transfer sheet 130 can be wound around the first roller 110 while being unwound from the second roller 120, or the transfer sheet 130 can be wound around the second roller 120 while being unwound from the first roller 110. Further, the transfer sheet 130 can be wound around and/or unwound from both the first 110 and second 120 rollers at the same time.
The transfer sheet 130 could be approximately the size of a standard slider sheet. In another example, the transfer sheet 130 could have a width approximately the size of a standard slider sheet and a length double the length of a standard slider sheet, such that, when the transfer sheet 130 is unwound from the rollers 110, 120 and folded over on itself to form a top and bottom layer, the transfer sheet 130 is approximately the size of a standard slider sheet. Depending on the application, size of the patient, and size of the transfer surface, a range of dimension and sizes of the transfer sheet could be envisioned.
The transfer sheet 130 could be configured or designed to have reduced friction, increased water resistance, “breathability”, durability, reduced noise during use, or other favorable material properties. In order to facilitate repositioning of the patient, the transfer sheet 130 could be comprised of a low-friction material or a low-friction surface coating. This may make it easier to slide one layer of the transfer sheet 130 against another layer, allowing a user of the apparatus 100 to move a patient with less force, fewer personnel, reduced risk of injury, in less time, or with some other advantage. The transfer sheet 130 could be made from a variety of materials, including but not limited to nylon, polypropylene, or other polymeric materials. A surface of the transfer sheet 130 could further comprise a surface coating, e.g., a coating that reduces friction, protects the sheet from wear, adds water resistance, improves the durability or flexibility of the sheet, or provides some other benefit. A surface coating could be applied to multiple surfaces of the transfer sheet 130, or only to one side of the transfer sheet (e.g., an inward side of the transfer sheet that will be in contact with and slide against itself when the top layer slides against the bottom layer). In one example, the surface could be coated with silicone.
In some examples, the transfer sheet 130 could include an outer trim or hem to prevent fraying and increase durability, or for some other benefit. Additionally or alternatively, the transfer sheet 130 could include handles to facilitate unwinding or winding around the rollers 110, 120, to facilitate repositioning of the patient, or for some other purpose. The handle(s) could be disposed at an outer edge of the transfer sheet 130, for example, along a hem of the transfer sheet. Additionally or alternatively, handle(s) could be disposed at a midpoint of the transfer sheet 130 (i.e., at a point between the first end and the second end of the transfer sheet, or a point disposed between the first 110 and second 120 rollers when the transfer sheet is fully retracted). In such a case, the handles could be pulled to unwind the transfer sheet 130 from the first 110 and/or second 120 rollers.
The transfer sheet 130 could be configured to be a single-use sheet (i.e., used for a single repositioning of a single patient) or could be used for multiple repositionings of the same patient (i.e., single-patient use). Such a transfer sheet 130 could be configured to be disposable and/or recyclable. Additionally or alternatively, the transfer sheet 130 could be configured for use on a plurality of patients, and the transfer sheet 130 could be cleaned or washed between uses or between patients.
To facilitate removal of the transfer sheet 130 (e.g., to replace a used transfer sheet with a new sheet), the transfer sheet 130 could be detachable from the first 110 and/or second 120 rollers. In such an example, a first end of the transfer sheet 130 may be removably coupled to the first roller 110, while the second end of the transfer sheet may be removably coupled to the second roller 120. Removable coupling of the transfer sheet 130 could include coupling the transfer sheet to the first 110 and/or second 120 rollers with a hook and loop attachment (e.g., Velcro brand), an adhesive, a hook, a clamp, a tie, or some other means for reversible coupling.
Additionally or alternatively, replacing the transfer sheet 130 could include replacing the first 110 and/or second 120 rollers of the apparatus 100. In such a configuration, the transfer sheet 130 could be designed or sold pre-wound onto a roller, such that replacing the sheet 130 comprises removing an existing roller on which the transfer sheet 130 is wound, and coupling a new roller containing a new transfer sheet to the apparatus 100. If, for example, the second roller 120 comprises the replacement transfer sheet, replacing the transfer sheet 130 could include coupling a new second roller to the housing. Replacing the transfer sheet 130 could further include coupling a free end of the transfer sheet (e.g., a first end or a second end) to the other roller (in this scenario, the first roller 110), thereby allowing the new transfer sheet 130 to be unwound from the second roller 120 and wound around the first roller 110. The reverse configuration is also possible, wherein replacing the transfer sheet 130 comprises removing an existing first roller 110, coupling a new first roller comprising a new transfer sheet to the apparatus 100, and attaching a free end of the new transfer sheet to the second roller 120. Other configurations are envisioned by one with ordinary skill in the art.
In another embodiment, the patient transfer apparatus 200 could be disposed on a stand (e.g., a wheeled stand, a tripod, or another support) and positioning the apparatus proximate to the patient 285 positioned on the transfer surface 275 could include placing or rolling the stand proximate to the transfer surface 275. Additionally or alternatively, the patient transfer apparatus 200 could be disposed on an armature (e.g., an armature coupled to the transfer surface 275, or a different device) and positioning the apparatus 200 could include moving the armature proximate to the patient 285 and/or transfer surface 275.
In some cases, the patient transfer apparatus 200 may form part of a system comprising the transfer surface 275 or be irreversibly coupled to the transfer surface 275. For example, a patient bed, a hospital bed, a stretcher, or another like surface could be designed to include the patient transfer apparatus 200, disposed at an appropriate location relative to the patient 285 and transfer surface 275. In such an example, positioning the patient transfer apparatus 200 proximate to the patient 285 could include positioning the patient transfer apparatus 200 on the transfer surface 275.
Once the apparatus 200 is positioned proximate to the patient 285, the transfer sheet can be unwound from rollers.
The top 334 and bottom 336 layers could be configured to slide against each other with low or reduced friction. The reduced friction between the layers 334, 336 of the transfer sheet 330 allows a user of the apparatus 300 to move or reposition a patient with reduced effort. In one embodiment, a physician or user of the device 300 could slide the top layer 334 of the transfer sheet against the bottom layer 336 of the transfer sheet to manually move the patient in whatever desired direction (e.g., in a similar manner as a standard slider sheet). Moving or repositioning the patient toward the patient transfer apparatus 300 could be facilitated by winding the transfer sheet 330 around the first roller 310. In some examples, winding the transfer sheet 330 around the first roller 310 may move the patient in a direction toward the first roller 310.
After repositioning the patient, the transfer sheet 330 can be retracted from underneath the patient and removed from the transfer surface. Retracting the transfer sheet 330 may include winding an amount of the transfer sheet (e.g., the top 334 and/or bottom 336 layers of the sheet) around the first 310 and/or second 320 rollers. In one example, the bottom layer 336 of the transfer sheet 330 could be wound around the second roller 320, thereby retracting the transfer sheet from beneath the patient. In another example, a predetermined amount of the transfer sheet 330 could be configured to be wound around each roller, and retracting the sheet could include winding a predetermined amount of the transfer sheet around the first roller 310 and the second roller 320, respectively. Other retraction schemes could be envisioned by one or ordinary skill in the art.
The device 300 could also include one or more motors 340 or other electromechanical actuators configured to apply driving and/or retracting force(s) to rotate the first 310 and/or second 320 rollers. Such a motor 340 could power the winding and/or unwinding of the transfer sheet 330, thus facilitating patient repositioning and/or retracting of the transfer sheet. The motor(s) 340 may be coupled to the rollers 310, 320 by way of a series of pulleys 350 and clutch bearings that could allow the motor(s) 340 to selectively control one or more rollers independently. In some examples, the motor 340 is a stepper motor. In a more particular example, the motor 340 could be a switched reluctance type stepper motor. As apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art, a variety of configurations could allow for the powering of the first 310 and/or second 320 roller by a motor 340 or plurality of motors 340a, 340b.
In one example, a motor 340 could be coupled to at least the first roller 310 and used to power the retraction of the transfer sheet 330 around the first roller 310. In such an example, winding the top layer 334 of the transfer sheet 330 around the first roller 310 could include actuating the motor 340 to wind the transfer sheet around the first roller, thereby moving the patient in a direction toward the first roller 310. Such a configuration would allow a user of the apparatus 300 to reposition a patient in the direction of the first roller 310 with less force, fewer personnel, reduced risk of injury, in less time, or with some other benefit. In some embodiments, the motor 340 could be operable to rotate the first roller 310 in either a clockwise or counterclockwise direction, thereby allowing a user to power the unwinding of the transfer sheet 330 from the first roller 310.
In some examples, a motor 340 may be coupled to and used to power the second roller 320. This motor 340 could be the same motor used to power the first roller 310 or a separate motor. The motor 340 may then be actuated to wind of the bottom layer 336 of the transfer sheet 330 around the second roller 320, thereby retracting the transfer sheet (i.e., such that the transfer sheet is removed from beneath the patient). This could allow a user of the apparatus 300 to quickly and easily remove the transfer sheet 330 from the transfer surface (e.g., to remove the sheet without the need to turn the patient, without additional personnel, without manually pulling the sheet, or with some other benefit). Additionally or alternatively, the motor 340 could be operable to rotate the second roller 320 in a direction that unwinds the transfer sheet 330 from the bottom roller. In such a configuration, a user of the apparatus 300 may actuate the motor 340 to unwind the transfer sheet 330 from the second roller 320.
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The processor(s) 472 can be configured to execute computer-readable program instructions 476 that are stored in the data storage 474 and are executable to provide some or all of the functionality described herein. For instance, in line with the discussion above, the processor(s) 472 can execute the computer-readable program instructions 476 to control various aspects of the winding and/or unwinding of the transfer sheet 430 from the rollers 410, 420. In various embodiments, the computer-readable program instructions could include instructions to operate the rollers 410, 420 according to a predetermined scheme, in response to data from a sensor, or in response to data from a user interface 450. In one example, it may be desirable to stop the motor 440 automatically when the transfer sheet 430 is fully unwound from the first 410 and/or second 420 rollers. In such an example, the controller 470 could include a sensor 460 configured to detect when the transfer sheet 430 is fully unwound from the first 410 and second 420 rollers and, responsive to detecting the transfer sheet is fully unwound, stop the motor 440 and/or disengage the clutch.
In a similar example, the controller 470 could be operable to stop the motor 440 when the transfer sheet 430 is fully wound around the first 410 and second 420 rollers (i.e., fully retracted). In such an example, the sensor 460 could be configured to determine when the transfer sheet 430 is fully retracted, and, responsive to the determination, stop the motor 440 and/or disengage the clutch. In one example, substantially the entire transfer sheet 430 could be configured to be would around the second roller 420, and the controller 470 could be operable to stop the second roller 420 (by stopping power to a motor 440 coupled to the second roller, by disengaging a clutch on the second roller or a pulley coupled to the second roller, or by some other means) when the transfer sheet 430 is fully wound around the second roller 420. In another example, the transfer sheet 430 could be configured to be partially wound around both the first 410 and second 420 rollers when the sheet is retracted (i.e., a predetermined portion of the transfer sheet is wound around each of the first and second rollers when the sheet is fully retracted). In such an example, the controller 470 could be operable to stop the second roller 420 (e.g., by any of the means previously mentioned) when a predetermined portion of the transfer sheet 430 is wound around the second roller 420.
A controller 470 could also function to change a speed of rotation of one or both rollers 410, 420, engage or disengage a clutch of one or more of the rollers, actuate some other element, or change a setting of the apparatus 400. Such a controller may be operable to affect elements or change various settings of the apparatus 400 responsive to a user input on a user interface 450 of the apparatus 400. The user interface 450 could include one or more buttons, switches, dials, a touch pad, a display, and/or a touch screen. The user interface 450 may enable a user of the apparatus 400 to interact in various ways with elements of the apparatus 400. For example, the user interface may include hardware and/or software configured to control the motor(s) 440, rollers 410, 420, and/or the clutch. In some examples, the user interface could include one or more buttons configured to actuate the motor(s) 440, thereby powering the winding and/or unwinding of the transfer sheet 430 from the first 410 and/or second 420 rollers. Additionally or alternatively, a user interface 450 of the apparatus 400 could be configured to engage or disengage the clutch, thereby allowing a user to select which roller is being actuated at a given time.
The patient transfer apparatus 400 could further comprise a power source 480 configured to power the motor(s) 440, a user interface 450, and/or other powered elements of the system. The power source 480 could be a wall outlet or another wired power source. In another example, the apparatus 400 could take power from an associated device proximate to the patient repositioning apparatus 400, and powering the apparatus could involve connecting the apparatus to the associated device. In a particular example, the patient repositioning apparatus 400 could be positioned proximate to an electric hospital bed (e.g., a hospital bed that is powered to aid in movement, adjustment, or other functions of the bed) and the apparatus 400 could receive power from the electric hospital bed. To improve portability of the apparatus 400, the power source 480 could be a battery disposed e.g., within the housing of the apparatus. The battery could be used as a main power source, or could be used as a back-up power, such that the apparatus receives power from the battery when no other power source is available.
Additionally or alternatively, the first 410 and/or second 420 rollers could be powered by a mechanical actuator. In such an example, the apparatus 400 could include a mechanical actuator, and winding the transfer sheet 430 around the roller(s) 410, 420 could include winding the sheet 430 using a mechanical actuator. In some example, the mechanical actuator could be powered manually (i.e., by a user of the apparatus). In a particular example, the mechanical actuator could include a crank coupled to the first and/or second roller(s) 410, 420, and winding and/or unwinding the transfer sheet 430 could be controlled by turning the crank. The mechanical actuator could also include a foot pedal, a spring, a button, or any other actuator configured to rotate a roller by way of a force imparted by a user.
In some alternative embodiments, retraction of the transfer sheet 430 around the first 410 and/or second 420 rollers could be powered by a spring mechanism. Such a spring mechanism could operate similarly to e.g., retractable blinds, wherein the spring gains potential energy and becomes tighter as the transfer sheet 430 is unwound from the roller(s) 410, 420. Subsequent retraction of the transfer sheet 430 can then be powered by releasing the energy held in the spring, causing the sheet to wind around the first 410 and/or second 420 rollers. In such an embodiment, the first 410 and/or second 420 roller could comprise a spring, and unwinding the transfer sheet from the second roller could cause the spring to gain potential energy. Winding the bottom layer of the transfer sheet 430 around the second roller 420 could comprise releasing the potential energy from the spring, thereby retracting the transfer sheet 430 from under the patient. In such an example, the transfer sheet 430 could be configured to wind around the first 410 and/or second 420 roller(s) responsive to, e.g., a tug of the transfer sheet 430, or another physical movement of the sheet (i.e., such that the retraction of the sheet is initiated similarly to retractable blinds). Other means of winding and/or unwinding the transfer sheet 430 from the rollers 410, 420 are envisioned by one with ordinary skill in the art.
A first portion of the method could include placing the apparatus near a patient and/or surface in order to move the patient in the direction of the apparatus. Block 501 of method 500 includes positioning the patient transfer apparatus proximate to a patient positioned on a transfer surface. Positioning the patient transfer apparatus could include positioning the apparatus proximate to a patient bed, such as a hospital bed, a stretcher, a medical table, a surface of a full-body imaging system (e.g., an MM system), or another like surface. In some embodiments, the patient transfer apparatus could be detachably coupled to the surface so that it is secured proximate to the transfer surface while the apparatus is in use, but can be removed from the surface after use. To facilitate positioning of the patient transfer apparatus, the housing or another element of the apparatus could include an attachment mechanism. For example, the patient transfer apparatus could include one or more clamps, hook and loop fasteners, ties, adhesives, or other means for attachment. In a particular example, positioning the apparatus could include securing it to the transfer surface with a clamp.
In another embodiment, the patient transfer apparatus could be disposed on a stand (e.g., a wheeled stand, a tripod, or another support) and positioning the apparatus proximate to a patient positioned on a transfer surface could include placing or rolling the device proximate to the transfer surface. Additionally or alternatively, the patient transfer apparatus could be disposed on an armature (e.g., an armature coupled to the transfer surface or a standalone device) and positioning the apparatus could include moving the armature proximate to the patient and/or transfer surface. In some cases, the patient transfer apparatus may form part of the transfer surface or be irreversibly coupled to the transfer surface. For example, a patient bed, a hospital bed, a stretcher, or another like surface could be designed to include the patient transfer apparatus, disposed at an appropriate location relative to the patient and transfer surface. In such an example, positioning a patient transfer apparatus proximate to a patient could include positioning the patient on the transfer surface.
Once the apparatus has been positioned and/or secured proximate to the patient, the transfer sheet can be pulled across the transfer surface and under the patient. Block 502 of method 500 includes unwinding the transfer sheet from the second roller such that the transfer sheet forms a top layer and a bottom layer beneath the patient and between the patient and the transfer surface. Unwinding the transfer sheet from the second roller could include pulling the sheet in a direction away from the second roller, thereby unwinding the transfer sheet from the roller. In some examples, the retracted transfer sheet may be partially or fully wound around the first roller in addition to the second roller. In such an example, unwinding the transfer sheet from the second roller could further include unwinding the transfer sheet from the first roller.
As described in relation to the system, a first end of the transfer sheet is coupled to the first roller and a second end of the transfer sheet opposite the first end is coupled to the second roller. Pulling the sheet at a point between the first end and the second end (i.e., at a portion of the sheet between the first and second rollers) could cause the sheet unwind from the roller(s), resulting in the formation of a top layer and a bottom layer under the patient and between the patient and the transfer surface. The top layer may comprise a portion of the transfer sheet proximate to the first end (i.e., the end coupled to the first roller), while the bottom layer could comprise a portion of the transfer sheet proximate to the second end (i.e., the end coupled to the second roller). The top and bottom layer could be joined at a fold, as previously described, with both layers forming a portion of a continuous transfer sheet. The fold could be located at a midpoint of the transfer sheet (i.e., at a point between the first end and the second end) located opposite the patient transfer apparatus when the sheet is unwound from the roller(s).
To facilitate unwinding of the transfer sheet, the transfer sheet could include one or more handles, and unwinding the transfer sheet from the second roller could include pulling the transfer sheet by a handle of the sheet. The handle(s) could be disposed at an outer edge of the transfer sheet, for example, along a hem of the transfer sheet. Additionally or alternatively, handle(s) could be disposed at a midpoint of the transfer sheet (i.e., at a point between the first end and the second end of the transfer sheet, or a point disposed between the first and second rollers when the transfer sheet is fully retracted). In such a case, pulling the handle(s) could form a fold at the midpoint when the transfer sheet is unwound from the roller(s) and positioned beneath the patient and between the patient and the transfer surface.
After unwinding the transfer sheet from the roller(s) and positioning the sheet under the patient, the patient may be repositioned by moving the top layer of the sheet relative to the bottom layer of the sheet. In some examples, the top layer of the sheet may be moved by winding the transfer sheet around the first roller. Block 503 of method 500 includes winding the top layer of the transfer sheet around the first roller, thereby moving the patient in a direction toward the first roller. The transfer sheet, as previously described, may have low-friction properties on one or more surfaces of the sheet. Winding the top layer of the transfer sheet around the first roller could include sliding a low friction surface of the top layer of the transfer sheet against a low friction surface of the bottom layer of the transfer sheet.
In some cases, winding the top layer of the transfer sheet could reposition the patient on a transfer surface (e.g., causing a patient to sit upright, moving a patient from one side of the transfer surface to another side of the surface). In other situations, the apparatus may be used for moving a patient from one transfer surface to another. For example, a patient could be moved from a stretcher to a hospital bed, from a hospital bed to a full-body imaging system, or some other transfer between surfaces. In these cases, moving the patient in a direction toward the first roller could include moving a patient onto or off of a transfer surface. Additionally or alternatively, it could be desirable to move a patient in a direction other than toward the first roller. In this case, the method 500 could further include sliding the top layer of the sheet relative to the bottom layer of the sheet, thereby moving the patient relative to the transfer surface (i.e., to move them in whatever preferred direction).
After repositioning the patient by retracting the top layer of the sheet at least partially around the first roller, the remaining portion of the sheet can then be removed from under the patient using the second roller. Block 504 of method 500 includes winding the bottom layer of the transfer sheet around the second roller, thereby retracting the transfer sheet from beneath the patient. Due to the favorable material properties of the transfer sheet, the sheet may be removed from the patient with reduced friction. Retracting the transfer sheet from beneath the patient may then be performed without needing to move the patient off of the transfer sheet, with reduced force, with fewer personnel, with reduced chance of injury, or with some other benefit.
In some examples, the apparatus could be designed or configured such that a predetermined portion of the transfer sheet is wound around the second roller and the first roller, respectively, when the sheet is fully retracted. For instance, in one embodiment, the apparatus could be configured to wind substantially the entire transfer sheet around the second roller. This would necessitate winding both the transfer sheet that remains on the transfer surface (i.e., at least the bottom layer) as well as any of the transfer sheet that has been wound around the first roller during Block 503 of the method. In such a case, winding the bottom layer of the transfer sheet around the second roller could include unwinding the transfer sheet from the first roller and winding substantially all of the transfer sheet around the second roller.
In another example, the apparatus could be configured or designed to wind a predetermined amount of the transfer sheet around the second roller (e.g., approximately one half of the sheet or another predetermined amount). Winding the predetermined amount of the sheet of the second roller could require winding or unwinding an amount of the transfer sheet on the first roller. In such an example, the method 500 could further include winding a further amount of the top layer of the transfer sheet around the first roller, thereby retracting the transfer sheet from beneath the patient; or, alternatively, unwinding an amount of the transfer sheet from the first roller, such that the predetermined amount of the transfer sheet is wound around the second roller. Other means and steps are envisioned for retracting an amount of the transfer sheet around at least the second roller.
In some examples, the apparatus could include one or more motors or other electromechanical actuators configured to apply driving and/or retracting force(s) to rotate the first and/or second roller. The motor could be a stepper motor or, in a more particular example, the motor could be a switched reluctance type stepper motor. The method 500 could include actuating the motor to wind or unwind the transfer sheet around one or more of the rollers. For example, a motor could be coupled to the first roller, and block 503 of method 500 could include actuating the motor to wind the top layer of the transfer sheet around the first roller, thereby moving the patient in a direction toward the first roller. Powering the retraction of the first roller could make it easier to reposition a patient, especially heavier patients that may be difficult to move with traditional techniques.
Additionally or alternatively, a motor could be coupled to the second roller and configured to wind or unwind the transfer sheet from the second roller. In examples where the second roller is coupled to a motor, block 504 of the method 500 could include actuating the motor to wind the bottom layer of the transfer sheet around the second roller, thereby retracting the transfer sheet from beneath the patient. Powering the winding of the transfer sheet around the second roller could facilitate retraction of the sheet from under the patient, allowing the sheet to be removed in less time, with less force, or with some other benefit. Additionally or alternatively, the motor could be used to unwind the transfer sheet from the second roller. In this case, block 502 could include actuating the motor to unwind the transfer sheet from the second roller.
In some examples, a separate motor could be used to actuate the second roller and wind/unwind the transfer sheet. Alternatively, a motor could be coupled to and used to power both the first and second rollers, and a control mechanism (i.e., a clutch) could be utilized to control the rollers independently. In such a configuration, a clutch could be coupled to the first and/or second rollers and be operable to selectively engage and disengage the rollers such that they can be controlled independently (i.e., the first roller can be powered to wind or unwind the transfer sheet without powering the second roller, and vice versa). When such a clutch is engaged, powering the motor can cause the first and/or second rollers to rotate, thereby winding or unwinding the transfer sheet. Conversely, when the clutch is disengaged from the first and/or second rollers, the respective roller(s) may rotate freely (allowing a user to, e.g., manually unwind the transfer sheet from the roller(s)).
In some examples, elements of the apparatus (e.g., the motor(s), clutch bearing(s), rollers) could be controlled by a user interface of the apparatus. The user interface could include one or more buttons, switches, dials, a touch pad, a display, and/or a touch screen in order to accept a user input, as described in relation to the apparatus. The method 500 could include interacting with the user interface in order to affect the operations of the motor, the clutch, the first and/or second rollers, or additional elements of the apparatus. In a particular example, the method could include: accepting, at a user interface of the apparatus, a user input; and, responsive to receiving the user input, activating the motor to actuate the first and/or second roller. Additionally or alternatively, the user interface could be configured to engage or disengage the clutch, and the method 500 could include: accepting a user input at a user interface of the apparatus; and, responsive to receiving the user input, engaging and/or disengaging a clutch of the apparatus. Other functionalities of the user interface are envisioned by one of ordinary skill in the art.
The motor(s) could further include a controller configured to control various aspects of the motor. The controller could be used to determine when the transfer sheet is wound around the roller(s) and automatically stop the motor when the transfer sheet is sufficiently wound or unwound. In one example, the controller could be operable to stop the motor when the transfer sheet has been fully wound onto the first and/or second roller, and winding the bottom layer of the transfer sheet around the second roller could comprise using the controller to stop the motor. In a particular example, the method 500 could include determining, by way of a controller, that the transfer sheet is fully wound around the first and/or second roller; and, responsive to determining that the transfer sheet is fully wound around the first and/or second roller, stopping the motor. When the apparatus is configured to wind a predetermined amount of the transfer sheet around one or more of the rollers, the controller could be used to determine the predetermined amount. The method 500 could then include determining, by way of the controller, when a predetermined portion of the transfer sheet is wound around the first and/or second rollers; and, responsive to determining that a predetermined portion of the transfer sheet is wound around the first and/or second rollers, stopping the motor. Other aspects of the motor's operations could be controlled by the controller as well. For instance, the controller could be used to enable or disable a clutch of the motor(s), to adjust a speed of rotation of the first and/or second rollers, to change a direction of the rotation of the one or more rollers, or affect some other operations of the apparatus.
Additionally or alternatively, the rotation of the first and/or second rollers could be powered manually (i.e., by a user of the apparatus). In such an example, the first and/or second rollers could be rotated by a mechanical actuator, for instance, a crank, a spring, a foot pedal, or a button. In such an example, winding the transfer sheet around the roller(s) could include using a mechanical actuator to rotate the rollers, thereby winding the transfer sheet. In an example where the mechanical actuator is coupled to the first roller, winding the top layer of the transfer sheet around the first roller could include using a mechanical actuator to wind the top layer of the transfer sheet around the first roller, thereby moving the patient in a direction toward the first roller. Additionally or alternatively, the mechanical actuator could be coupled to the second roller, and the method 500 could include using a mechanical actuator to wind the bottom layer of the transfer sheet around the second roller, thereby retracting the transfer sheet from beneath the patient. In a particular example, the mechanical actuator could include a crank coupled to the first and/or second roller(s), and the method could include turning the crank to wind or unwind the transfer sheet from the first and/or second rollers.
Similarly, retraction of the transfer sheet around the first and/or second rollers could be powered by a spring mechanism, as described in relation to the apparatus. Such a spring mechanism could function by gaining potential energy as the transfer sheet is unwound from the roller(s). For example, unwinding (e.g., pulling) the transfer sheet from the second roller could cause the spring mechanism to build up potential energy, such that a subsequent winding of the transfer sheet around the second roller can be powered by the built up energy. In such a case, the method 500 could include unwinding the transfer sheet from the first and/or second rollers, thereby causing a spring to gain potential energy. The method 500 could further include releasing the potential energy from the spring to wind the bottom layer of the transfer sheet around the second roller, thereby retracting the transfer sheet from beneath the patient.
The example method 500 illustrated in
The above detailed description describes various features and functions of the disclosed systems, devices, and methods with reference to the accompanying figures. While various aspects and embodiments have been disclosed herein, other aspects and embodiments will be apparent. The various aspects and embodiments disclosed herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to be limiting, with the true scope being indicated by the following claims.
The present disclosure is not to be limited in terms of the particular embodiments described in this application, which are intended as illustrations of various aspects. Many modifications and variations can be made without departing from its scope, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Functionally equivalent methods and apparatuses within the scope of the disclosure, in addition to those enumerated herein, will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the foregoing descriptions. Such modifications and variations are intended to fall within the scope of the appended claims.
The above detailed description describes various features and functions of the disclosed systems, devices, and methods with reference to the accompanying figures. In the figures, similar symbols typically identify similar components, unless context dictates otherwise. The example embodiments described herein and in the figures are not meant to be limiting. Other embodiments can be used, and other changes can be made, without departing from the scope of the subject matter presented herein. It will be readily understood that the aspects of the present disclosure, as generally described herein, and illustrated in the figures, can be arranged, substituted, combined, separated, and designed in a wide variety of different configurations, all of which are explicitly contemplated herein.
The particular arrangements shown in the figures should not be viewed as limiting. It should be understood that other embodiments can include more or less of each element shown in a given figure. Further, some of the illustrated elements can be combined or omitted. Yet further, an example embodiment can include elements that are not illustrated in the figures.
While various aspects and embodiments have been disclosed herein, other aspects and embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The various aspects and embodiments disclosed herein are for purposes of illustration and are not intended to be limiting, with the true scope being indicated by the following claims.
