Patent Grant
11564855
This disclosure relates to hip distraction in general, and more particularly to supporting and stabilizing a patient during hip distraction.
When performing surgical procedures on the hip joint, it is common to distract the hip joint prior to the surgery in order to provide additional room within the hip joint during the surgery and in order to better present selected anatomy to the surgeon during the surgery. Hip distraction is commonly achieved by applying a distraction force to the distal end of the leg of the patient. Generally, a surgical boot is placed on the foot and lower leg of the patient, the surgical boot is connected to a distraction frame, and the distraction frame is used to apply a distraction force to the surgical boot, whereby to apply a distraction force to the leg of the patient.
With conventional hip distraction, it is common to provide a padded post (often referred to as a perineal post) between the legs of the patient. This padded post provides a counterforce to the anatomy when the distraction force is applied to the surgical boot. However, the use of a padded post can create complications, since the padded post can press against the pudendal nerve of the patient, and/or the sciatic nerve of the patient, during distraction. Additionally, the padded post can exert pressure on the blood vessels in the leg of the patient during distraction. Thus, it would be desirable to minimize or eliminate the use of the padded post if other means could be used to provide a counterforce to the anatomy when the distraction force is applied to the surgical boot.
With some surgeries, it can be desirable to position the patient in the so-called “Trendelenburg position”, e.g., during abdominal surgery. When disposed in the Trendelenburg position, the patient lies on the surgical table “flat on their back”, with their feet higher than their head, e.g., by approximately 15-30 degrees. In order to facilitate this arrangement, the surgical table is typically tilted so that the patient's head is angled downward and the patient's feet are angled upward.
In the case of hip arthroscopy, it has been recognized that positioning the patient in this manner can facilitate distraction of the hip joint without a perineal post; that is, the gravitational weight of the patient inclined in the Trendelenburg position counteracts the distraction force in lieu of the perineal post. The frictional forces of the patient on the surgical table also contribute to counteract the distraction force. This approach has sometimes been referred to as “post-less” or “post-free” hip arthroscopy.
There are a number of benefits of post-less hip distraction, including eliminating the risk of damage caused by pressure against the pudendal nerve, the sciatic nerve, and/or the blood vessels of the patient during distraction. Another benefit is that no force is transferred to the non-operative leg, which can eliminate risks associated with forces being applied to the non-operative leg (such as neurovascular damage). Yet another benefit of post-less hip distraction is that a post-less procedure results in less pelvic tilt than conventional distraction using a post.
According to some embodiments, a method for performing a surgical procedure on a hip of a patient includes positioning the patient on a slide-resisting pad on a surgical table, tilting the surgical table so that the patient is in a Trendelenburg position, applying a distraction force to achieve at least a desired amount of distraction of the hip without a perineal post, and reducing a degree of tilt of the surgical table after the degree of distraction has been achieved. At least a portion of the surgical procedure is then performed on the patient with the surgical table in the reduced degree of tilt. The desired amount of hip distraction is maintained despite the reduced degree of tilt due to a reduction in the required distraction force attributable to relaxation of tissue of the joint and due to the slide-resisting pad providing slide-resisting force sufficient to maintain the position of the patient. Through this method, the surgeon can perform at least a portion of the surgery with the patient in a more natural position similar to that achieved when using a perineal post while benefiting from the advantages of a post-less procedure.
According to various embodiments, a method for hip distraction includes positioning a patient on a slide-resisting pad placed on a surgical table; tilting the surgical table so that the patient is in a first degree of inclination; applying a distraction force to a leg of the patient while the patient is in the first degree of inclination so that a hip joint of the patient is distracted, wherein the distraction force is opposed by a combination of a slide-resisting friction force provided by the slide-resisting pad and a gravitational force attributable to the first degree of inclination; reducing the tilt of the surgical table in accordance with a reduction of the distraction force over time so that the patient is in a second degree of inclination; and performing at least a portion of a surgical procedure on the distracted hip joint while the patient is in the second degree of inclination.
In any of these embodiments, the second degree of inclination may be zero so that the patient is in a horizontal position and the at least a portion of the surgical procedure is performed on the distracted hip joint while the patient is in the horizontal position.
In any of these embodiments, the combination of a slide-resisting friction force provided by the slide-resisting pad and the gravitational force attributable to the first degree of inclination of the patient may be sufficient to oppose the distraction force so that the patient does not slide in a direction of the distraction force.
In any of these embodiments, applying the distraction force may include setting a position of a distractor that applies the distraction force, and wherein the position of the distractor may be maintained while the tilt of the surgical table is reduced.
In any of these embodiments, the inclined first position may be at most 20 degrees from horizontal.
In any of these embodiments, the surgical table may be free of a perineal post.
In any of these embodiments, skin of the patient may be in direct contact with the slide-resisting pad.
In any of these embodiments, the slide-resisting pad may be placed on one or more table top pads of the surgical table.
In any of these embodiments, the slide-resisting pad may extend at least beneath shoulders and buttocks of the patient.
In any of these embodiments, the slide-resisting pad may be strapped to the surgical table.
In any of these embodiments, the slide-resisting pad may be a disposable pad.
In any of these embodiments, the slide-resisting pad may include a foam material.
In any of these embodiments, the slide-resisting pad may include at least one higher friction layer.
In any of these embodiments, the slide-resisting pad may be a single layer of the foam material.
In any of these embodiments, the slide-resisting pad may be less than five inches thick.
In any of these embodiments, the slide-resisting pad may include one or more thickness changes for enhancing patient-to-pad friction.
In any of these embodiments, the one or more thickness changes may include a corrugated shape.
In any of these embodiments, the one or more thickness changes may include a thickened area in a location that corresponds to a location of buttocks of the patient.
In any of these embodiments, the thickened area may form a wedge shape.
In any of these embodiments, the slide-resisting pad may include at least one visual indicator for indicating at least one of how to position the slide-resisting pad on the surgical table and how to position the patient on the slide-resisting pad.
In any of these embodiments, the at least one visual indicator may include at least one cut-out.
In any of these embodiments, the patient may not be strapped to the surgical table.
In any of these embodiments, the distraction force may be applied by moving a boot of a distractor away from the surgical table.
The invention will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Reference will now be made in detail to implementations and embodiments of various aspects and variations of systems and methods described herein. Although several exemplary variations of the systems and methods are described herein, other variations of the systems and methods may include aspects of the systems and methods described herein combined in any suitable manner having combinations of all or some of the aspects described.
According to various embodiments, described herein are systems and methods for performing a surgical procedure via post-free hip distraction in which a degree of incline of the patient used to counteract the distraction force is decreased for at least a portion of the surgical procedure while maintaining a desired amount of distraction. According to various embodiments, a patient is placed on a slide-resisting pad on a surgical table and placed in a first degree of inclination (a Trendelenburg position). A distraction force is applied to the patient to achieve a desired amount of distraction of the patient's hip joint) with the distraction force being countered by the frictional force provided by the slide-resisting pad and the gravitational force on the patient acting along the incline. The inventors discovered that the distraction force can decrease over time due to relaxing of the soft tissue of the patient and, therefore, that the degree of incline of the patient can be reduced. Thus, according to various embodiments, the degree of incline of the patient is reduced and at least a portion of the surgical procedure is performed with the patient in the reduced degree of incline, enabling the surgeon to perform the surgical procedure in a more natural position akin to a surgical procedure performed with a perineal post and without the risks to the patient posed by the use of a perineal post.
In the following description of the various embodiments, reference is made to the accompanying drawings, in which are shown, by way of illustration, specific embodiments that can be practiced. It is to be understood that other embodiments and examples can be practiced, and changes can be made without departing from the scope of the disclosure.
In addition, it is also to be understood that the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” used in the following description are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It is also to be understood that the term “and/or” as used herein refers to and encompasses any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. It is further to be understood that the terms “includes, “including,” “comprises,” and/or “comprising,” when used herein, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or units but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, units, and/or groups thereof.
According to some embodiments, the surgical table 104 comprises a distal portion 120 that may be made of radiolucent materials (e.g., a carbon fiber composite) such that X-ray and/or CT imaging may be performed on the anatomy residing on the distal portion 120, such as via C-arm X-ray system 150. In some embodiments, the distal portion 120 is a removable extension mounted onto an end of the surgical table 104, such as disclosed in U.S. non-provisional patent application Ser. No. 15/890,047, filed on Feb. 6, 2018 and titled “Method and apparatus for supporting and stabilizing a patient during hip distraction,” the entire contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference. The distal portion 120 may include a cushion 122.
The surgical table 104 is configured to tilt the platform 110 to position the patient 102 in an inclined position. A degree of inclination can be indicated on an inclinometer 124, which can be located on the platform 110 or on the distal portion 120. The surgical table 104 may be a post-less surgical table—i.e., the surgical table 104 does not have a perineal post.
According to various embodiments, the system 100 include a traction system 130 that includes one or more leg supports 131 for supporting and/or applying traction to the leg 190 of the patient 102. The one or more leg supports 131 can be mounted (e.g., removable mounted) to the surgical table 104, such as to the base 106 of the surgical table 104 or to the platform 110 of the surgical table 104, or can be a free-standing assembly. According to various embodiments, a leg support 131 generally includes a boot 132 for holding the foot 192 of the patient 102 and a support structure (generally indicated by reference numeral 134) for altering a position of the boot 132 and, thereby, the leg 190 of the patient 102. The support structure 134 may be adjustable relative to the surgical table 104, such as via one or more user controls 135, for positioning the leg in the desired position for a surgical procedure and/or for applying a distraction force to the leg. According to various embodiments, the distraction force is applied to the boot 132 through a mechanism 136 to which the boot 132 is mounted. The mechanism 136 may include a user control 138 (e.g., handle, knob, lever, switch, etc.) for making at least some adjustment to an amount of distraction travel of the boot 132 and/or an amount of distraction force applied through the boot 132. The mechanism 136 may include a force gauge, such as force gauge 400 illustrated in
According to various embodiments, a slide-resisting pad 142 is positioned on the top surface of the surgical table 104 (which, according to various embodiments, can include the top portion of the distal portion 120) and is configured to increase the friction between the patient and surgical table 104. The friction provided by the slide-resisting pad, both friction with the surgical table 104 (e.g., between the slide-resisting pad 142 and the cushions 112 and 122) and friction with the patient, can resist at least a portion of the distraction force applied to one or more legs of the patient 102 to reduce the possibility of the patient 102 inadvertently sliding on surgical table 104, particularly during hip distraction and/or leg manipulation and/or during tilting of the patient 102.
According to various embodiments, the patient is positioned with the patient's hips and torso supported by the surgical table. According to various embodiments, the slide-resisting pad may be sized so that the patient's buttocks and shoulders are in contact with the slide-resisting pad. According to various embodiments and referring to system 100 of
According to various embodiments, the patient's skin is in direct contact with the slide-resisting pad to ensure a maximum frictional force between the patient and the slide-resisting pad. In other embodiments, a sheet or patient gown is disposed between the patient and the slide-resisting pad.
According to various embodiments, the patient's leg or legs may be fastened into one or more leg supports that will be used to apply traction to the patient's leg during the surgical procedure, such as one or more leg supports 131 of system 100.
At step 204, the surgical table is tilted so that the patient is in a first degree of inclination, with the patient's head positioned lower than the patient's legs—i.e., positioning the patient in a Trendelenburg position.
Generally, the surgical table is tilted by an amount at least sufficient in combination with the friction force provided by the slide-resisting pad to ensure that a sufficient traction force can be applied to the leg(s) of the patient. In some embodiments, a default amount of tilt is used regardless of the characteristics of the patient and/or the procedure type. In other embodiments, the amount of tilt of the surgical table is tailored to patient characteristics and/or procedure type. For example, the weight of the patient may affect the amount of tilt, with heaver patients generally tilted less than lighter patients. Different procedure types may require different amounts of distraction and, thus, different degrees of tilt. Patients with greater muscle mass may require higher distraction forces, and thus greater degree of tilting, than similar patients with less muscle mass.
At step 206, a distraction force is applied to at least one leg of the patient while the patient is in the first degree of inclination. The applied distraction force is sufficient to distract the hip joint of the patient by a desired amount. Distraction forces can be, for example, up to 150 pounds. The distraction force is illustrated by vector Fi in
According to various embodiments, the distraction force Fi and the degree of tilt θi are achieved in an iterative manner, such as by first setting a degree of inclination, applying an amount of distraction force, increasing the degree of tilt should the applied distraction force cause patient sliding, and then increasing the distraction force further. Thus, steps 204 and 208 may be performed at least partially in parallel.
According to various embodiments, an amount of distraction of the hip joint is verified via imaging, such as via display of one or more images generated by C-arm X-ray system 150 on display 152 of system 100. According to various embodiments, the distraction force may be applied in an incremental fashion with the surgeon checking the amount of distraction of the patient's hip after each incremental increase in the distraction force, such as via X-ray imaging.
The distraction force applied to the leg of the patient is generally countered by the frictional force provided by the slide-resisting pad and a component of the patient's weight that acts along the incline. According to various embodiments, additional patient holding force may be provided by one or more straps that strap the patient to the surgical table and/or the slide-resisting pad. According to various embodiments, a fluid (e.g., air, saline) could be injected into the joint to decrease the force required for traction by breaking the suction seal between the labrum and femoral head. This could be done prior to applying a traction force or while a traction force is applied.
The surgical procedure on the hip could be performed by the surgeon with the patient in the θi inclined position. However, performing the surgical procedure with the patient in a less inclined position may be more desirable for the surgeon, such as because the surgeon may be more experienced performing the surgery with the patient in a horizontal position using a perineal post, the surgical site may be more accessible with less tilt, and/or imaging may be more intuitive with the patient in a horizontal position. The inventors discovered that the amount of distraction force required to maintain a desired amount of distraction can decrease over time, at least in part due to relaxation of the soft tissue of the patient and, thus, that the amount of tilt can be reduced over time in accordance with the reduction in the distraction force.
Accordingly, at step 208 of method 200, the tilt of the surgical table is reduced to a second degree of inclination that is less than the first degree of inclination provided in step 204 in accordance with a reduction of the distraction force over time. A reduced degree of tilt according to various embodiments is illustrated in
According to various embodiments, the tilt of the surgical table can be reduced in step 208 after a predetermined amount of time has elapsed since the hip joint reached the desired amount of distraction. The predetermined amount of time can be, for example, 2, 5, 10, 15, or 20 minutes. The predetermined amount of time may be based on the sex of the patient. In some embodiments, the tilt of the surgical table is reduced in accordance with an observed reduction in the distraction force. For example, the traction system may include a force gauge that indicates an amount of distraction force applied to the patient, such as force gauge 400 of
According to various embodiments, the position of the distractor that applies the distraction force to the leg of the patient is maintained as the tilt of the surgical table is reduced. In some embodiments, the traction system remains stationary as the surgical table tilt adjustment is made and the position of the traction system is adjusted after the surgical table tilt adjustment is made. In some embodiments, this can include increasing or decreasing the distraction force to the extent the distraction force may have reduced as a result of the change of the tilt of the surgical table.
According to various embodiments, the required amount of distraction and, therefore, the distraction force may change over time during the surgical procedure and the distraction force may be adjusted accordingly. In some embodiments, the degree of tilt of the surgical table may be adjusted in a corresponding manner. For example, a first portion of a surgical procedure may be performed with a first amount of distraction of the hip joint, requiring a first amount of distraction force and a corresponding degree of tilting (Fn, θn), and a second portion of the surgical procedure may be performed with a second amount of distraction of the hip joint that is less than the first amount of distraction, such that a lower level of distraction force and corresponding degree of tilting (Fn+1<Fn, θn+1<θn) is used for the second portion of the surgical procedure. The reverse may be true as well—the distraction force and corresponding tilting may be increased during the surgical procedure.
According to various embodiments, frictional force provided by the slide-resisting pad (due to the patient's weight alone or in combination with one or more straps) may be sufficient to resist the distraction force required for achieved the desired amount of distraction such that the patient need not be placed in the Trendelenburg position. Accordingly, the distraction force may be applied while the surgical table remains horizontal and at least a portion of the surgical procedure may be performed while the hip is distracted and the surgical table is in the horizontal position. Thus, the patient may be initially positioned at 0 degrees of tilt, traction may be applied while the patient is horizontal, the joint may be sufficiently distracted without tilting the patient, and at least a portion of the surgery may be performed while the patient is in the non-tilted position. According to various embodiments, a surgeon may determine whether to place a patient in an inclined position for applying a traction force based on one or more properties of the patient, such as the patient's weight, age, gender, muscularity, etc. In some embodiments, a surgeon may use a Beighton score, which is related to the patient's laxity, to determine how much traction force may be needed, and therefore, whether and how much incline may be needed.
According to various embodiments, the surgical procedure or at least a portion of the surgical procedure comprises a minimally invasive procedure. According to various embodiments, the surgical procedure is or includes hip arthroscopy, hip arthroplasty, femoral neck fracture repair, femoral shaft fracture repair, tibial shaft fracture repair, periacetabular osteotomy, or de-rotational femoral osteotomy. This is merely an exemplary list of surgical procedures and is not intended to be limiting.
According to various embodiments, the slide-resisting pad, such as slide-resisting pad 142 of system 100, is configured to provide high frictional force between the patient and the pad and between the pad and the surgical table (e.g., the cushions of the surgical table) to enable post-free hip distraction with or without positioning the patient in the Trendelenburg position. Examples of suitable slide-resisting pads, according to various embodiments, include any of the stabilizing pads described in U.S. non-provisional patent application Ser. No. 15/890,047, filed on Feb. 6, 2018 and titled “Method and apparatus for supporting and stabilizing a patient during hip distraction.” Suitable slide-resisting pads, according to various embodiments, also include any of the pad embodiments described in U.S. provisional patent application No. 62/954,888, filed Dec. 30, 2019, and titled Apparatus and Method for Patient Positioning, the entire contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference.
According to various embodiments, the pad 500 is formed of a single material, such as a closed or open cell foam material. The material may have a “tacky” surface to provide high coefficients of friction with the patient and/or table. The foam material may be compliant so as to conform to the patient. A suitable foam material is a polyether polyurethane blend. According to various embodiments, the coefficient of friction of the pad 500 against bare skin is sufficient to enable a traction force to be applied to the patient to achieve a desired amount of traction while the surgical table and patient remain in a horizontal position, which in some embodiments is at least 0.85, at least 0.90, at least 0.95, at least 1.00, at least 1.05, at least 1.10, or at least 1.15, per ASTM D1894. According to various embodiments, these coefficients friction may be achieved with a polyurethane foam pad that provides 12-22 lbs. of force at 25% Indentation Force Deflection per ASTM D3574.
According to various embodiments, the pad 500 is formed of layers of different material. In some embodiments, a high friction material forms the top and/or bottom surfaces 502, 504 and is layered on a central foam material. According to some embodiments, a urethane foam forms a middle layer and an adhesive back suede or leather is disposed on the top and bottom of the middle layer to form the top and bottom surfaces of the pad 500. For example, a Tricot 100% Polyester (0.035″ thick) may be laminated on to a foam middle layer, such as a urethane foam middle layer. The suede may be coated with SEBS (styrene-ethylene-butadiene-styrene) hot melt adhesive such that the coated suede has a coefficient of friction between 1.0-3.0 per ASTM D1894.
The pad 500 may be any suitable thickness. In some embodiments, the pad 500 is a minimum of 0.5 inches, which may be a minimum thickness to prevent ripping or tearing during a surgical procedure. In some embodiments, the pad 500 is less than 5 inches thick, preferably a maximum of 3 inches, which provides maximum performance while not being too cumbersome for shipping, storage, and/or handling.
According to various embodiments, the pad 500 includes one or more features cut or formed into a foam material. For example, the pad 500 may have a thickened region intended to be positioned adjacent to a patient's buttocks or shoulders to resist lateral movement of the buttocks or shoulders. An exemplary pad 600 with a thickened region 602 is illustrated in
According to various embodiments, the slide-resisting pad includes indicators for indicating proper patient positioning and proper equipment positioning, which may include indicating that there is no metal in the imaging field if anatomy being imaged is arranged in a predetermined manner with respect to the indicators. For example, the pad 700 in
In some embodiments, the pad may include more than two sets of straps. For example, in
In some embodiments, straps 704 attach to the surgical table (e.g. the side rails). In some embodiments, straps 706 attach to the distal portion 120; in this embodiment, straps 706 may attach to cutouts in the distal portion. In some embodiments, straps 712 may attach to the distal portion 120, the platform 110 or the connection between the distal portion 120 and the platform 110.
By way of example but not limitation, when the patient needs to be transported from a gurney to the surgical table, transported along the surgical table, and transported from the surgical table back onto a gurney, patient pad 5 is gripped alongside two or more of its edges and lifted so that second region 45 (having a lower coefficient of friction) engages the support structure (e.g., the gurney or the surgical table) and first region 40 (having a higher coefficient of friction) does not engage the support structure. Patient pad 5 (carrying the patient) is then slid along the support structure so as to facilitate transport of the patient. When the patient needs to be stabilized on the surgical table during a surgical procedure, patient pad 5 is not lifted along two or more of its edges so that first region 40 (having a higher coefficient of friction) engages the support structure and second region 45 (having a lower coefficient of friction) may or may not engage the support structure (either fully or partially or not at all), whereby to stabilize the patient on the surgical table by preventing sliding of patient pad 5 (carrying the patient) along the surgical table.
In some embodiments, the body of patient pad 5 comprises one or more sheets of material (e.g., a foam sheet, a plastic sheet, a textile sheet, etc., including any of the materials described above) which is strong enough to support the weight of the patient; top surface 10 of patient pad 5 comprises an atraumatic material which provides resistance to a patient sliding thereon (e.g., high friction foam); first region 40 (having a higher coefficient of friction) comprises a layer of material (e.g., foam, suction cups, etc.) disposed on bottom surface 15 of patient pad 5; and second region 45 (having a lower coefficient of friction) comprises a layer of material (e.g., low friction foam, a polymer sheet, a woven sheet, rollers, etc.) disposed on bottom surface 15 of patient pad 5.
By way of example but not limitation, and looking now at
According to various embodiments, a first region 40 is disposed beneath at least one of a hip/buttocks and a shoulder of the patient, inasmuch as the hips/buttocks and shoulders of the patient tend to be weight concentrators, as described above with respect to
According to various embodiments, and looking now at
According to various embodiments, patient pad 5 may comprise central longitudinal axis 50, right side edge 20 on one side of central longitudinal axis 50, left side edge 25 on the other side of central longitudinal axis 50, a right side handle 55 adjacent right side edge 20 and a left side handle 60 adjacent left hand edge 25, such that upon lifting the two handles, the right and left side edges sit further from the support structure than central longitudinal axis 50. As a result, second region 45 (having a lower coefficient of friction) engages the support structure and first regions 40 (having a higher coefficient of friction) are disengaged from the support structure, thereby enabling patient pad 5 (carrying the patient) to be slid along the support structure. According to various embodiments, second region 45 is aligned with central longitudinal axis 50 and first region 40 is laterally offset from central longitudinal axis 50.
According to various embodiments, and looking now at
According to various embodiments, and looking now at
According to various embodiments, and looking now at
It should be appreciated that, if desired, patient pad 5 may be provided with stiffener 75, with or without providing at least one first region 40 having a higher coefficient of friction and at least one second region 45 have a higher coefficient of friction. More particularly, In some embodiments, patient pad 5 comprises top surface 10 for supporting a patient, and bottom surface 15 for engaging a support structure, wherein top surface 10 comprises foam, wherein bottom surface 15 comprises at least one of foam, a polymer sheet and a woven sheet, and further wherein patient pad 5 comprises stiffener 75 to resist bunching when patient pad 5 is subjected to a sliding force. In some embodiments, stiffener 75 preferably comprises a layer of material disposed between top surface 10 and bottom surface 15 of patient pad 5, although the layer of material could also be disposed alongside top surface 10 and/or bottom surface 15. In one preferred form of the invention, stiffener 75 comprises one or more semi-rigid materials, e.g., plastic sheets. Alternatively, where the patient pad is a composite comprising multiple layers, the desired stiffened effect may be achievable with selective stacking of the layers
According to various embodiments, and looking now at
By way of example but not limitation, when the patient needs to be transported from a gurney to the surgical table, transported along the surgical table, and transported from the surgical table back onto a gurney, at least one opening 85 of first region 80 communicates with a source 90 of air pressure so as to create an air cushion beneath bottom surface 15 of patient pad 5, and thereby facilitates transport of 15 patient pad 5 (carrying the patient) along the support structure. Patient pad 5 (carrying the patient) is then slid along the support structure so as to facilitate transport of the patient. When the patient needs to be stabilized on the surgical table during a surgical procedure, at least one opening 85 of first region 80 communicates with a source 90 of suction, so as to create an air grip beneath bottom surface 15 of patient pad 5 and thereby facilitates stabilizing patient pad 5 (carrying the patient) on the surgical table.
According to various embodiments, and looking now at
According to various embodiments, and looking now at
According to various embodiments, systems and methods include transporting a patient from a gurney to a surgical table, transporting the patient along the surgical table, stabilizing the patient on the surgical table during a surgical procedure, and transporting the patient off the surgical table and back onto a gurney at the conclusion of the surgical procedure. According to various embodiments, these systems and methods can use any of the slide-resisting pads described herein and can include a pad that includes a top surface for supporting a patient; and a bottom surface for engaging a support structure; wherein the bottom surface comprises: at least one first region having a higher coefficient of friction; and at least one second region having a lower coefficient of friction.
During transport of the patient from a gurney to the surgical table, transport of the patient along the surgical table, and transport of the patient from the surgical table back onto a gurney, the second region (having a lower coefficient of friction) engages the support structure (e.g., the gurney or the surgical table) and the first region (having a higher coefficient of friction) does not engage the support structure, whereby to facilitate transport of the patient by sliding the patient pad (carrying the patient) along the support structure; and during stabilizing of the patient on the surgical table during a surgical procedure, the first region (having a higher coefficient of friction) engages the support structure and the second region (having a lower coefficient of friction) may or may not engage the support structure (either fully or partially or not at all), whereby to facilitate stabilizing the patient on the surgical table by preventing sliding of the patient pad (carrying the patient) along the surgical table.
By way of example but not limitation, when the patient needs to be transported from a gurney to the surgical table, transported along the surgical table, and transported from the surgical table back onto a gurney, the patient pad is gripped alongside two or more of its edges and lifted so that the second region (having a lower coefficient of friction) engages the support structure (e.g., the gurney or the surgical table) and the first region (having a higher coefficient of friction) does not engage the support structure. The patient pad (carrying the patient) is then slid along the support structure so as to facilitate transport of the patient.
When the patient needs to be stabilized on the surgical table during a surgical procedure, the patient pad is not lifted along two or more of its edges so that the first region (having a higher coefficient of friction) engages the support structure and the second region (having a lower coefficient of friction) may or may not engage the support structure (either fully or partially or not at all), whereby to stabilize the patient on the surgical table by preventing sliding of the patient pad (carrying the patient) along the surgical table.
According to some embodiments, a patient pad includes: a top surface for supporting a patient; and a bottom surface for engaging a support structure; wherein the top surface comprises foam; wherein the bottom surface comprises at least one of foam, a polymer sheet and a woven sheet; and further wherein the patient pad comprises a stiffener to resist bunching when the patient pad is subjected to a sliding force.
According to some embodiments, a patient pad includes: a top surface for supporting a patient; and a bottom surface for engaging a support structure; wherein the bottom surface comprises: a first region having at least one opening communicating with a source of at least one of suction and air pressure. During transport of the patient from a gurney to the surgical table, transport of the patient along the surgical table, and transport of the patient from the surgical table back onto a gurney, the at least one opening of the first region communicates with a source of air pressure so as to create an air cushion beneath the bottom surface of the patient pad and thereby facilitate transport of the patient pad (carrying the patient) along the support structure; and during stabilizing of the patient on the surgical table during a surgical procedure, the at least one opening of the first region communicates with a source of suction, so as to create an air grip beneath the bottom surface of the patient pad and thereby facilitate stabilizing the patient pad (carrying the patient) on the surgical table.
By way of example but not limitation, when the patient needs to be transported from a gurney to the surgical table, transported along the surgical table, and transported from the surgical table back onto a gurney, the at least one opening of the first region communicates with a source of air pressure so as to create an air cushion beneath the bottom surface of the patient pad, and thereby facilitates transport of the patient pad (carrying the patient) along the support structure. The patient pad (carrying the patient) is then slid along the support structure so as to facilitate transport of the patient. When the patient needs to be stabilized on the surgical table during a surgical procedure, the at least one opening of the first region communicates with a source of suction, so as to create an air grip beneath the bottom surface of the patient pad and thereby facilitates stabilizing the patient pad (carrying the patient) on the surgical table.
According to some embodiments, a patient pad includes: a top element for supporting a patient; and a bottom element for engaging a support structure; wherein the bottom element comprises at least two handles; wherein the top element comprises at least two openings for passing the at least two handles therethrough; wherein the top element can be disposed atop the bottom element with the at least two handles extending through the at least two openings, whereby the patient pad can be lifted as a unit by pulling upward on the two handles.
According to some embodiments, a patient support includes: a conveyor belt for receiving a patient thereon and for moving the patient by rotation of the conveyor belt.
The foregoing description, for the purpose of explanation, has been described with reference to specific embodiments. However, the illustrative discussions above are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise forms disclosed. Many modifications and variations are possible in view of the above teachings. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the techniques and their practical applications. Others skilled in the art are thereby enabled to best utilize the techniques and various embodiments with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated.
Although the disclosure and examples have been fully described with reference to the accompanying figures, it is to be noted that various changes and modifications will become apparent to those skilled in the art. Such changes and modifications are to be understood as being included within the scope of the disclosure and examples as defined by the claims. Finally, the entire disclosure of the patents and publications referred to in this application are hereby incorporated herein by reference.
This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 63/084,494, filed Sep. 28, 2020 and U.S. Provisional Application No. 63/148,597, filed Feb. 11, 2021, the entire contents of each of which are hereby incorporated by reference herein.
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