The subject matter of the present disclosure relates to a method of electronic gaming, an electronic gaming system, and an article of manufacture for electronic gaming. It is known to provide a gaming system that includes a game controller arranged to randomly display several symbols from a predetermined set of symbols and to determine a game outcome such as a game win based on the displayed symbols. In some arrangements, a win outcome is defined on the basis of occurrence of symbols along defined win lines preselected or selected by a player prior to display of symbols by the gaming system. Such gaming systems may commonly be implemented as a stepper machine provided with reels with each reel carrying several symbols of the set, or a video machine wherein selected symbols are displayed on virtual reels on a graphical display device. However, while such gaming systems provide users with enjoyment, a need exists for alternative gaming systems in order to maintain or increase player enjoyment.
Systems, methods, and articles of manufacture for electronic gaming are disclosed. In a first aspect, a gaming system including a plurality of spinners is provided. Each spinner is associated with a plurality of display positions and has a plurality of symbols disposable at the display positions. The gaming system also includes a spinner controller arranged to select the symbols to appear at the display positions for each spinner. The gaming system further includes an outcome evaluator arranged to determine whether the symbols shown at the display positions correspond to at least one winning outcome by reference to at least one defined win condition. Each win condition includes a win line having at least three display positions from two adjacent spinners.
In a second aspect, a method of gaming is provided. The method includes providing a plurality of spinners, each spinner being associated with a plurality of display positions and having a plurality of symbols disposable at the display positions. The method also includes selecting the symbols to appear at the display positions for each spinner. The method further includes determining whether the symbols shown at the display positions correspond to at least one winning outcome by reference to at least one defined win condition. Each win condition includes a win line having at least three display positions from two adjacent spinners. The method also includes allocating a prize to a player when a winning outcome exists.
In a third aspect, a non-transitory computer readable storage medium having computer readable program code embodied therein for causing a computer to operate in accordance with a gaming system in provided. The gaming system includes a plurality of spinners. Each spinner is associated with a plurality of display positions and has a plurality of symbols disposable at the display positions. The gaming system also includes a spinner controller arranged to select the symbols to appear at the display positions for each spinner. The gaming system further includes an outcome evaluator arranged to determine whether the symbols shown at the display positions correspond to at least one winning outcome by reference to at least one predefined combination of symbols. Each predefined combination of symbols includes a win line having at least three display positions from two adjacent spinners. The at least three display positions are in alignment with each other such that the win line is linear.
Certain embodiments of the present invention will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
The foregoing summary, as well as the following detailed description of certain embodiments of the present invention, will be better understood when read in conjunction with the appended drawings. For the purpose of illustrating the invention, certain embodiments are shown in the drawings. It should be understood, however, that the present invention is not limited to the arrangements and instrumentality shown in the attached drawings.
Although the following discloses example methods, systems, articles of manufacture, and apparatus including, among other components, software executed on hardware, it should be noted that such methods and apparatus are merely illustrative and should not be considered as limiting. For example, it is contemplated that any or all of these hardware and software components could be embodied exclusively in hardware, exclusively in software, exclusively in firmware, or in any combination of hardware, software, and/or firmware. Accordingly, while the following describes example methods, systems, articles of manufacture, and apparatus, the examples provided are not the only way to implement such methods, systems, articles of manufacture, and apparatus.
When any of the appended claims are read to cover a purely software and/or firmware implementation, at least one of the elements in an at least one example is hereby expressly defined to include a tangible medium such as a memory, DVD, CD, etc. storing the software and/or firmware.
Referring to the drawings, a method and a gaming system for implementing the method are shown. The present gaming system operates such that at least during a portion of a game implemented by the gaming system, the gaming system is arranged to display a plurality of spinners, each of which includes a plurality of symbols disposable in a respective plurality of display positions, and to spin and subsequently stop the spinners. Winning outcomes are determined by reference to at least one win condition, with each win condition including a win line having at least 3 display positions from an adjacent 2 spinners. The win lines may each include 3 or more display positions from 2 or more spinners, with winning outcomes and the awarded prizes being determined on the basis of the symbols disposed along the defined win lines after the spinners have stopped rotating.
In one embodiment, the gaming system is arranged to implement a base game, for example of the type including a plurality of symbol bearing reels, and a feature or special game which is triggered during a base game and that includes a plurality of symbol bearing spinners. However, the gaming system may implement a game with spinners only.
In the following embodiment, the gaming system is arranged to implement a base game and a feature game. The gaming system is configured to implement a probabilistic game where during normal game mode several symbols from a set of symbols are randomly displayed in a plurality of reels, and a game outcome is determined on the basis of the displayed symbols.
With some such probabilistic games, the set of symbols used during normal game mode include standard symbols and function symbols, and the game outcome is determined on the basis of the displayed standard symbols and the function associated with any displayed function symbol. For example, standard symbols may resemble fruit such as apples, pears and bananas with a win outcome being determined when a predetermined number of the same fruit appear on a display along a win line, or are displayed according to defined outcome patterns such as scattered, and so on. The function associated with a function symbol may be for example a wild function wherein display of the function symbol is treated during consideration of the game outcome as any of the standard symbols. A function symbol may be represented as the word “WILD”, a star, or by any other suitable word or symbol. Other functions are also envisaged such as scatter functions, multiplier functions, repeat win functions, jackpot functions and feature commencement functions.
Components of player interface 30 include a credit mechanism 34 to enable a player to input credits and receive payouts, one or more displays 36 which may include a touch screen, and a game play mechanism 38 arranged to enable a player to input game play instructions.
Game controller 32 is in data communication with player interface 30 and typically includes a processor 39 arranged to process game play instructions and output game player outcomes to display 36. Typically, the game play instructions are stored as program code in a memory 42 that can also be hardwired. In this specification the term “processor” is used to refer generically to any device that can process game play instructions and may include a microprocessor, microcontroller, programmable logic device or other computational device such as a personal computer or a server.
Memory 42 is also arranged to store base win lines data 18a indicative of win lines available during a base game and feature win lines data 18b indicative of win lines available during a feature game, function data 17 indicative of one or more functions allocatable to the symbols during a base game and/or a feature game, and game instruction data 19 indicative of game instructions usable by the gaming machine 40 to control operation of the game.
The game controller 32 also includes a selector 20 in this example having a symbol selector 21 and a spinner controller 22. During normal game mode wherein a base game is implemented, symbol selector 21 is arranged to select several symbols from the available symbols 15 for display to a player in a plurality of display positions. A plurality of symbol bearing reels are then spun and subsequently stopped so as to display at least one symbol on each reel.
During a feature or special game mode, spinner controller 22 is arranged to control a plurality of spinners so as to determine the relative display positions of the symbols on the spinners. This is represented on the display by spinning and subsequently stopping the spinners. In this example, during special game mode, each spinner has a defined set of symbols and the relative positions of the symbols after the spinners have stopped rotating determines whether a winning outcome exists with reference to one or more defined win conditions. In this example, the selection carried out by symbol selector 21 and the stopping positions of the spinners determined by spinner controller 22 are made using a random number generator 23.
It will be appreciated that random number generator 23 may be of a type which is arranged to generate pseudo random numbers based on a seed number, and that in this specification the term “random” will be understood accordingly to mean truly random or pseudo random.
With this embodiment, game controller 32 also includes a trigger determiner 24 arranged to determine whether a trigger condition exists and to instruct a feature implementer 25 to implement a feature or special game mode when a trigger condition has been detected. Such a trigger condition may be display of a particular symbol or combination of symbols, or any other game related event.
In this example, game controller 32 also includes a function allocator 26 arranged to select and allocate one or more functions to one or more symbols. Such functions include a wild function, a scatter function, or any other function which may be applied to a symbol or to the game. Game controller 32 also includes an outcome evaluator 28 which in accordance with game instructions 18 determines game outcomes based on the symbols selected for display to the player by symbol selector 21 and the relative positions of the symbols on the reels during a base game, and on the symbols and relative positions of the symbols on the spinners during a feature game. Game controller 32 also includes a prize allocator 29 arranged to allocate a prize to a player when a winning outcome exists, the type of prize being dependent on the particular winning outcome.
In the embodiments described below, symbol selector 21, trigger determiner 24, feature implementer 25, function allocator 26, outcome evaluator 28, and prize allocator 29 are at least partly implemented using processor 39 and associated software, although it will be understood that other implementations are envisaged.
Gaming system 10 can take a number of different forms. In a first form, a gaming machine is provided wherein all or most components to implement the game are present in a player operable gaming machine. In a second form, a distributed architecture is provided wherein some of the components to implement the game are present in a player operable gaming machine and some of the components to implement the game are located remotely relative to the gaming machine. For example, a “thick client” architecture may be used wherein part of the game is executed on a player operable gaming machine and part of the game is executed remotely, such as by a gaming server; or a “thin client” architecture may be used wherein most of the game is executed remotely such as by a gaming server and a player operable gaming machine is used only to display audible and/or visible gaming information to the player and receive gaming inputs from the player.
Player interface 30 include credit mechanism 34 to enable a player to input credits and receive payouts, one or more displays 36 which may include a touch screen, and game play mechanism 38 oriented to enable a player to input game play instructions.
However, it will be understood that other arrangements are envisaged. For example, an architecture may be provided wherein a gaming machine is networked to a gaming server and the respective functions of the gaming machine and the gaming server are selectively modifiable. For example, the gaming system may operate in gaming machine mode, “thick client” mode or “thin client” mode depending on the game being played, operating conditions, and so on. Other variations will be apparent to persons skilled in the art.
In an exemplary embodiment, cabinet 42 has a display 44 that displays a game 46 that can be played by a player. In an exemplary embodiment, display 44 may be used interchangeably with display 36 (shown in
Gaming machine 40 may also include a player marketing module configured to scan or read a player tracking device, such as, for example a loyalty or player tracking card implemented within a casino as part of a loyalty program. The player tracking device may be in the form of a card, flash drive, and/or any other portable storage medium capable of being read by the reading device. In some embodiments, the player marketing module may be configured to transfer credits between gaming machine 40 and the player tracking device.
Gaming machine 40 may further include a top box 56, which may, in turn, include artwork 58, such as, for example, artwork depicting one or more pay tables, bonus award information, an upper display (not shown), and/or other game information or imagery. Further artwork and/or information may be provided on a front panel 59 of cabinet 42. A coin tray 60 may be mounted beneath front panel 59 for dispensing cash payouts from gaming machine 40.
Display 44 may include, without limitation, a monitor, a television display, a plasma display, a liquid crystal display (LCD) a display based on light emitting diodes (LED), a display based on a plurality of organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), a display based on polymer light-emitting diodes (PLEDs), a display based on a plurality of surface-conduction electron-emitters (SEDs), a display including a projected and/or reflected image or any other suitable electronic device or display mechanism. In an exemplary embodiment, display 44 includes a touch-screen or touch-sensitive screen. In various embodiments, display 44 may be of any suitable size and configuration, such as any circular, square, rectangular, or other geometric configuration.
Display 44 may be further configured to provide haptic feedback. Top box 56 may also include a display, which may be of the same or different from display 44.
Display 44 may, in various embodiments, display a game and/or accept game play data from a player. Moreover, display 44 may also display information relating to an interactive game, wager triggering event, or wagering outcome. In an exemplary embodiment, an upper display (not shown) mounted in top box 56 may display any wagering outcome, any suitable secondary game associated or not associated with the interactive game, or any information relating to the interactive games. The upper display may also be configured to accept game play data from a player.
Display 44 may, in addition, serve as digital signage operable to advertise one or more games or other aspects of the gaming establishment. In an exemplary embodiment, gaming machine 40 may also include a credit or fund display (not shown), which may display a player's current number of credits, cash accumulated, account balance, an original number of credits the player funded the gaming machine with, or an equivalent of any of the aforementioned, and the like. Moreover, in an exemplary embodiment, display 44 may display an amount being wagered or a player's accumulated winnings.
In an exemplary embodiment, and as described in greater detail herein, display 44 may display at least one game or game image, game symbol or symbols, and game indicia, such as any visual representation or exhibition of a movement of objects, including, for example, any mechanical, virtual, or video reels and wheels, dynamic lighting, video images, images of people, characters, places, things and faces of cards, and the like. In various embodiments, the symbols, images and indicia described above may be displayed mechanically, such as by one or more mechanical or physical reels. In other words, display 44 may include any electromechanical device, such as one or more rotatable or spinning wheels, reels or dice, any of which may be configured to display at least one or a plurality of games or other suitable images, symbols or indicia.
A player marketing module (PMM) 62 having a display 64 is connected to the gaming machine 40. The main purpose of the PMM 62 is to allow the player to interact with a player loyalty system. The PMM has a magnetic card reader for the purpose of reading a player tracking device, for example as part of a loyalty program. However other reading devices may be employed and the player tracking device may be in the form of a card, flash drive or any other portable storage medium capable of being read by the reading device. In this example, the PMM 62 is a Sentinel® III device produced by Aristocrat Technologies Pty Ltd.
Display 44, in this example, is arranged during normal game mode to display representations of several reels, each of which includes several associated symbols. Typically 3, 4 or 5 reels are provided. During operation of a base game, the reels first appear to rotate then stop with typically three symbols visible on each reel. Base game outcomes are determined on the basis of the visible symbols together with any special functions associated with the symbols.
In this embodiment, display 44 is also arranged during a feature of special game mode to display representations of several spinners, each of which has several associated symbols. Typically 3, 4, or 5 spinners are provided. During operation of the game, the spinners first appear to rotate then stop with typically all symbols visible on each spinner. Game outcomes are determined on the basis of the displayed symbols together with any special functions associated with the symbols, and with reference to defined win lines which span two or more spinners and include at least 3 symbol positions.
Accordingly, gaming machine 100 may include a game controller 101 (which may include a processor 102 mounted on a circuit board, a described in greater detail above). Instructions and data to control operation of processor 102 may be stored in a memory 103 that is in data communication with processor 102. Gaming machine 100 may include both volatile and non-volatile memory and more than one of each type of memory, with such memories being collectively represented by memory 103.
Gaming machine 100 may also include hardware meters 104 (to ensure regulatory compliance and to monitor player credit) and/or an input/output (I/O) interface 105 (for communicating with peripheral devices of gaming machine 100). Input/output interface 105 and/or the peripheral devices may include intelligent devices with their own memory for storing associated instructions and data. A random number generator module 113 may generate random numbers for use by processor 102. Persons skilled in the art will appreciate that random number generator module 113 includes a pseudo-random number generator.
In an exemplary embodiment, a player interface 120 includes peripheral devices that communicate with game controller 101 including one or more displays 106, a touch screen and/or input buttons 107 (which provide a game play mechanism), and a credit input mechanism, such as a card and/or ticket reader 108, a printer 109, a bill acceptor and/or coin input mechanism 110, and a coin output mechanism 111. The credit input mechanism receives a credit wager to initiate play of a base game, and establish a credit balance (e.g., using the received credit wager) that is increasable and decreasable based on wagering activity within a game. The payout mechanism is configured to output a payout to a player of gaming machine 100 based on an outcome of the game (e.g., a base game and/or a feature game).
Additional hardware may be included as part of gaming machine 100 or hardware may be omitted as required for the specific implementation. For example, although buttons or touch screens are typically used in gaming machines to allow a player to place a wager and to initiate a play of a game any input device that enables the player to input game play instructions may be used. For example, in some gaming machines a mechanical handle may be used to initiate a play of the game. Persons skilled in the art will also appreciate that a touch screen can be used to emulate other input devices, such as, for example, a touch screen that can display virtual buttons that a player can “press” by touching the screen where they are displayed.
In addition, gaming machine 100 may include a communications interface, such as, for example a network card 112. Network card 112 may, for example, send status information, accounting information and/or other information to a bonus controller, central controller, server or database and receive data or commands from the bonus controller, central controller, an/or server or database. In various embodiments (e.g., embodiments that employ a player marketing module), communications over a network may be via the player marketing module—e.g., the player marketing module may be in data communication with one or more of the above devices.
In various embodiments, components of gaming machine 400 may be distributed. For example, in an embodiment, input/output devices 106, 107, 108, 109, 110, and 111 may be provided remotely from game controller 101.
One or more displays 204 may also be connected to network 201. For example, displays 204 may be associated with one or more banks 203 of gaming machines. Displays 204 may be used to display representations associated with game play on gaming machines 202 and/or used to display other representations, such as, for example promotional or informational material. Displays 204 may be the same as or substantially similar to display 44 and/or display 106, as described above.
In a thick client embodiment, game server 205 may implement part of the game played by a player using gaming machine 202, and gaming machine 202 may implement part of the game. In such an embodiment, insofar as both game server 205 and gaming machine 202 may implement part of the game, they may collectively include a game controller. A database management server 206 may manage storage of game programs and associated data for downloading or access by gaming machines 202 in a database 206A. Typically, if gaming system 200 enables players to participate in a jackpot game, a jackpot server 207 may be provided to perform accounting functions for the jackpot game. A loyalty program server 212 may also be provided.
In a thin client embodiment, game server 205 may implement most or all of the game played by a player using gaming machine 202, and gaming machine 202 may, in essence, function provide little more than the player interface. In such an embodiment, game server 205 may include the game controller. Gaming machine 202 may thus receive player instructions and transmit those instructions to game server 205. Further, in a thin client embodiment, gaming machines 202 may be computer terminals, such as, for example, personal computers, laptop computers, tablet computing devices, smartphones, and the like running software that provides a player interface. Other client/server configurations are contemplated and are within the scope of this disclosure. Additional details of a client/server architecture may be found in WO 2006/052213 and PCT/SE2006/000559, the disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entireties.
One or more servers may be provided to assist in the administration of gaming system 200. Such servers may include, for example, a gaming floor management server 208, and a licensing server 209 to monitor the use of licenses relating to particular games. An administrator terminal 210 may be provided to allow an administrator to run network 201 and the devices connected to network 201.
Gaming system 200 may communicate with other gaming systems and/or other local networks, such as, for example a corporate network, and/or a wide area network such as the Internet Communications may be filtered through a firewall 211.
Persons skilled in the art will appreciate that in accordance with known techniques, functionality at the server side of network 201 may be distributed over a plurality of different computers. For example, elements may be run as a single “engine” on one server or a separate server may be provided. For example, game server 205 may implement a random number generator engine. Alternatively, a separate random number generator server may be provided. Further, persons skilled in the art will appreciate that a plurality of game servers may be provided to implement different games or a single game server may implement a plurality of different games as required by the terminals.
Examples of specific implementations of the gaming system will now be described in relation to gaming machine 40, although it will be understood that implementation may also be carried out using other gaming system architectures such as a network architecture of the type shown in
In this example, the gaming system is operable in a normal game mode and a special game mode. During the normal game mode, the gaming system uses five reels, each of which has an associated set of symbols. The reels include standard symbols and optionally one or more function symbols. Win outcomes are determined on the basis of the symbols visible at the display positions when the reels stop rotating. Typically, a player will purchase or otherwise obtain win entitlements such as several win lines which are used in the game to determine win outcomes. If the displayed symbols on the reels have symbols associated with a winning combination such as disposed on a win line, the player wins a prize.
The gaming system may be arranged to commence a special game mode when a predetermined game outcome occurs. The special game mode may include one or more free games. The special game mode may commence automatically on the basis of a game event occurring during a base game, such as display of a particular symbol, based on game outcomes determined by the gaming system, or may be prompted by a player pressing a button on the gaming system 10, 40, 100 after the player has identified that a game outcome corresponding to special game mode requirements has occurred.
The gaming system 10, 40, 100 may also be arranged so as to determine eligibility for a special game mode, for example based on the amount or type of bet placed, based on certain time periods and so on. A feature or special game mode may also be arranged to commence when a special game is purchased by a player.
If a trigger condition exists, spinners (such as, for example, spinners 302, 304, and 306 shown in
The gaming system is configured such that a plurality of win lines 312a-c are defined between adjacent spinners, with each win line including at least three display positions and spanning at least two spinners. In the present example shown in
In the present example,
It will be understood that any plural number of spinners may be provided, where the spinners are used to define win lines having three or more display positions. It will also be understood that while in the present embodiment each spinner has a fixed set of associated symbols, other variations are possible. For example, the symbols associated with a spinner may change and/or may be selectable from a pool of common symbols. It will also be understood that a prize awarded to a player may be a monetary prize, may be in the form of a number of free games which may be feature games, or may be in any other suitable form.
While the above embodiments are described in relation to a gaming system which includes a display displaying a plurality of spinners, it will be understood that other variations are possible. For example, physical spinners may be provided.
Modifications and variations as would be apparent to a skilled addressee are deemed to be within the scope of the present invention.
One or more of the components of the systems and/or blocks of the methods described above may be implemented alone or in combination in hardware, firmware, and/or as a set of instructions in software, for example. Certain embodiments may be provided as a set of instructions residing on a computer-readable medium, such as a memory, hard disk, DVD, or CD, for execution on a general purpose computer or other processing device. Certain embodiments of the present invention may omit one or more of the method blocks and/or perform the blocks in a different order than the order listed. For example, some blocks may not be performed in certain embodiments of the present invention. As a further example, certain blocks may be performed in a different temporal order, including simultaneously, than listed above.
Certain examples include computer-readable media for carrying or having computer-executable instructions or data structures stored thereon. Such computer-readable media may be any available media that may be accessed by a general purpose or special purpose computer or other machine with a processor. By way of example, such computer-readable media may comprise RAM, ROM, PROM, EPROM, EEPROM, Flash, CD-ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium which can be used to carry or store desired program code in the form of computer-executable instructions or data structures and which can be accessed by a general purpose or special purpose computer or other machine with a processor. Combinations of the above are also included within the scope of computer-readable media. Computer-executable instructions comprise, for example, instructions and data which cause a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, or special purpose processing machines to perform a certain function or group of functions.
Generally, computer-executable instructions include routines, programs, objects, components, data structures, etc., that perform particular tasks or implement particular abstract data types. Computer-executable instructions, associated data structures, and program modules represent examples of program code for executing steps of certain methods and systems disclosed herein. The particular sequence of such executable instructions or associated data structures represent examples of corresponding acts for implementing the functions described in such steps.
Examples can be practiced in a networked environment using logical connections to one or more remote computers having processors. Logical connections may include a local area network (LAN) and a wide area network (WAN) that are presented here by way of example and not limitation. Such networking environments are commonplace in office-wide or enterprise-wide computer networks, intranets and the Internet and may use a wide variety of different communication protocols. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that such network computing environments will typically encompass many types of computer system configurations, including personal computers, hand-held devices, multi-processor systems, microprocessor-based or programmable consumer electronics, network PCs, minicomputers, mainframe computers, and the like. Examples can also be practiced in distributed computing environments where tasks are performed by local and remote processing devices that are linked (either by hardwired links, wireless links, or by a combination of hardwired or wireless links) through a communications network. In a distributed computing environment, program modules may be located in both local and remote memory storage devices.
An exemplary system for implementing the overall system or portions of embodiments of the invention might include a general purpose computing device in the form of a computer, including a processing unit, a system memory, and a system bus that couples various system components including the system memory to the processing unit. The system memory may include read only memory (ROM) and random access memory (RAM). The computer may also include a magnetic hard disk drive for reading from and writing to a magnetic hard disk, a magnetic disk drive for reading from or writing to a removable magnetic disk, and an optical disk drive for reading from or writing to a removable optical disk such as a CD ROM or other optical media. The drives and their associated computer-readable media provide nonvolatile storage of computer-executable instructions, data structures, program modules and other data for the computer.
While the invention has been described with reference to certain embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted without departing from the scope of the invention. In addition, many modifications may be made to adapt a particular situation or material to the teachings of the invention without departing from its scope. Therefore, it is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiment disclosed, but that the invention will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.
The present application claims the benefit of priority to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/744,936, filed on Jun. 19, 2015, entitled “A GAMING SYSTEM AND A METHOD OF GAMING,”, which claims the benefit of priority to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/954,413, filed on Jul. 30, 2013, entitled “A GAMING SYSTEM AND A METHOD OF GAMING”, which claims the benefit of priority from U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/631,270, filed on Dec. 4, 2009, entitled “A GAMING SYSTEM AND A METHOD OF GAMING”, which claims the benefit of priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/120,244, filed on Dec. 5, 2008, entitled “A GAMING SYSTEM AND A METHOD OF GAMING”, each of which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety for all purposes.
Number | Name | Date | Kind |
---|---|---|---|
5106091 | Comito | Apr 1992 | A |
6988731 | Inoue | Jan 2006 | B2 |
7448948 | Hughs-Baird | Nov 2008 | B2 |
8388436 | Rodgers et al. | Mar 2013 | B2 |
8517815 | Bond et al. | Aug 2013 | B2 |
9466184 | Bond et al. | Oct 2016 | B2 |
20030178768 | Luciano | Sep 2003 | A1 |
20040162133 | Jackson | Aug 2004 | A1 |
20040259627 | Walker et al. | Dec 2004 | A1 |
20050119039 | Berman | Jun 2005 | A1 |
20060183532 | Jackson | Aug 2006 | A1 |
20070087806 | Luciano et al. | Apr 2007 | A1 |
20090227357 | Rasmussen | Sep 2009 | A1 |
20100113129 | Nakamura | May 2010 | A1 |
20130316780 | Bond et al. | Nov 2013 | A1 |
Number | Date | Country | |
---|---|---|---|
20170032628 A1 | Feb 2017 | US |
Number | Date | Country | |
---|---|---|---|
61120244 | Dec 2008 | US |
Number | Date | Country | |
---|---|---|---|
Parent | 14744936 | Jun 2015 | US |
Child | 15290212 | US | |
Parent | 13954413 | Jul 2013 | US |
Child | 14744936 | US | |
Parent | 12631270 | Dec 2009 | US |
Child | 13954413 | US |