The subject matter described herein relates to systems and methods for performing multiple transactions through a single Near Field Communication (NFC) tap. More particularly, the subject matter described herein relates to systems and methods of performing multiple transactions identified and processed using a linkage mechanism communicated between an NFC device and a wireless NFC device reader using a single NFC tap.
Currently, various transactions in purchasing environments can be performed using wireless smart devices, for example near field communication (NFC) devices. Such transactions can include, without limitation, ordering goods and/or services, paying for goods and/or services, specifying personal preferences or personal data relating to goods and/or services, returning previously purchased goods and/or services, and redeeming coupons, customer loyalty points, promotions and/or combinations thereof. Such wireless transactions can occur at attended or unattended physical point of sale (POS) terminals. For example, a customer can perform several transactions at the POS terminal including ordering a sandwich with specific ingredients, redeeming a coupon, and paying for the sandwich. Conventional systems and methods which use an NFC device to complete these transactions require at least a two-step approach with a separate tap for each transaction. For example, the first step can include tapping the NFC device to the NFC wireless device reader to communicate value added applications including, for example, the order and/or coupon transactions. The second step can include tapping the NFC device to the NFC wireless reader for communicating the payment transaction. That is, more than one NFC tap is necessary to convey information for the order, coupon, and payment transactions in the sandwich example. This can be both cumbersome and time-consuming.
The time and ease of completing a transaction can be important factors many consumers consider when deciding where to purchase an item in today's retail environment. Merchants accommodating quick and easy retail transactions can be more competitive in selling their goods and/or services and may be more attractive to potential consumers. Therefore, it is desirable for quick and easy methods and systems of performing multiple transactions using NFC devices. Accordingly, there exists a need for methods and systems for performing multiple transactions through a single NFC tap.
According to one aspect, the subject matter described herein includes a method of performing multiple transactions through a single near field communication (NFC) tap. The method includes storing, at a linking application in a wireless device, a plurality of application identifiers (AIDs) that identify a plurality of applications to be processed in a single NFC tap. The method can further include detecting, by a wireless device reader, a linking application AID in the wireless device that identifies the linking application upon interfacing the wireless device with the wireless device reader through the single NFC tap. The method can include accessing, by the wireless device reader, the plurality of AIDs using the linking application. The method can further include processing the plurality of applications associated with the plurality of AIDs through the single NFC tap.
As used herein, the term “wireless smart device” refers to a wireless device that can communicate via an electric and/or magnetic field between the device and some other entity, usually a wireless terminal or wireless smart device reader. One type of wireless device that can wirelessly communicate to a wireless smart device reader is an NFC card or NEC handheld device, including but not limited to a smart phone. In near field communication, a wireless smart device may communicate with a wireless smart device reader via inductive coupling of the reader antenna to the device antenna. The two loop antennas effectively form a transformer. The reader amplitude-modulates the radio frequency (RF) field to send information to the device. The device communicates with the reader by modulating the loading on the device antenna, which also modulates the load on the reader antenna. In a wireless smart device, the NEC handset enables contactless payment, and a security element (SE) for ensuring secure transactions can be embedded, provided by a universal subscriber identity module (USIM), or provided as an add-on to, for example, a SD or a jacket.
Wireless smart devices can communicate with a wireless device reader using NFC. As used herein, the term “wireless communications” includes communications conducted at ISO 14443 and ISO 18092 interfaces. These specifications define communication protocols for wireless smart devices operating in close proximity with a reader antenna. In one embodiment, wireless communications can communicate applications that are uniquely identified by an application identifier (AID), defined by the ISO/IEC 7816 specification. Application to terminal interface requirements are also defined in book 4 of the Europay MasterCard Visa (EMV) 4.2 specification.
The subject matter described herein may be implemented in software, in combination with hardware and/or firmware. For example, the subject matter described herein may be implemented in software executed by a processor. In one exemplary implementation, the subject matter described herein for performing multiple transactions through a single NEC tap may be implemented using a non-transitory computer readable medium to having stored thereon executable instructions that when executed by the processor of a computer control the processor to perform steps. Exemplary non-transitory computer readable media suitable for implementing the subject matter described herein include chip memory devices or disk memory devices accessible by a processor, programmable logic devices, and application specific integrated circuits. In addition, a computer readable medium that implements the subject matter described herein may be located on a single computing platform or may be distributed across plural computing platforms.
Preferred embodiments of the subject matter described herein will now be explained with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals represent like parts, of which:
In accordance with the subject matter disclosed herein, systems, methods, and computer readable media are provided for performing multiple transactions through a single near field communication (NFC) tap. Referring to
Wireless device 102 may include an NFC device such as an NFC smart card, an NFC mobile device such as an NFC phone, NFC tablet or a wireless smart card. Wireless device reader 104 may include any reader capable of reading a wireless smart card, an NFC enabled mobile device, or any other contactless payment type device. In one embodiment, wireless device reader 104 includes an AIDs processing module 112 used to process the one or more applications identified by one or more AIDs. The applications can be stored local to wireless device 102, for example, in an applet (not shown) or location separate from the PPSE and LPSE applications 108 and 110 accessible by wireless device reader 104. In one embodiment, AIDs processing module 112 may include a hardware based processing unit or processor chip. AIDs can correspond to a payment or non-payment application located on the device, which when accessed and processed at AIDs processing module 112 may complete a transaction in the retail environment. Such transactions may include but are not limited to ordering goods and/or services, paying for goods and/or services, specifying personal preferences or personal data relating to goods and/or services, returning previously purchased goods and/or services, and redeeming coupons, customer loyalty points, promotions and/or combinations thereof. Wireless device reader 104 may communicate wirelessly or otherwise with a merchant POS terminal 114. Wireless device reader 104 may communicate payment, transaction, and/or payload data to POS terminal 114 upon processing one or more applications identified using one or more AIDs.
Still referring to
Notably, PPSE application 108 includes LPSE AID 120 corresponding to LPSE application 110. In one embodiment, PPSE application 108 may be pre-programmed to have LPSE AID 120 residing therein. PPSE application 108 may store LPSE AID 120 in addition to multiple stored AIDs 116. Upon receipt of LPSE AID 120 at wireless device reader 104, LPSE AID 120 may trigger reader 104 to detect and process LPSE application 110 wherein one or more of the selected AIDs have been configured into linked AIDs 118 via the single NEC tap. LPSE AID 120 may be detected by firmware or detection module (not shown) of wireless device reader 104. In one embodiment, LPSE AID 120 includes a special identifier which may be recognized by AIDs processing module 112 of wireless device reader 104. Where LPSE AID 120 is recognized, wireless reader 104 processes LPSE application 110 and the plurality of linked AIDs 118 in the order that they were selected or stored within LPSE application 110 via the single NFC tap. Notably, in instances where LPSE AID 120 is not identified by wireless device reader 104, the transaction will not fail but rather multiple taps will be needed to push one or more stored AIDS 116 of the PPSE application 108 to reader 104. Thus, systems and methods described herein may be used in systems where readers may or may not recognize LPSE AID 120. In one embodiment, AIDs are linked within LPSE application 110 using firmware residing on wireless device 102 when wireless device 102 interfaces with wireless device reader 104.
Stored AIDs 116, linked AIDs 118, and/or LPSE AID 120 may include a 16 byte data structure defined according to ISO/IEC 7816-4. The first five bytes of a given AID correspond to a registered identifier (RID) which uniquely identifies a specific payment or non-payment application provider. For example, the first five bytes can identify a payment application provided by VISA®, MasterCard®, American Express®, or any other suitable payment or non-payment merchant provider application, for example, a ViVOtech® application. An optional field within a given AID can be assigned by the application provider, or registrant, and can include up to 11 bytes of information. The information can include object or transaction data used in processing the payment or non-payment transaction application. This field is known as a Proprietary Application Identifier Extension (PIX) and may contain any 0-11 byte value specified by the provider. The PIX portion can typically define object data for one application to be processed at reader 104. The meaning of this field is defined only for the specific RID and need not be unique across different RIDs. In one embodiment, the RID and PIX portions of AIDs 116 and/or 118 are accessed by wireless device reader 104 upon interfacing wireless device 102 with reader 104. One or more AIDs 116 may be communicated in an order of pre-specified priority where wireless device reader 104 fails to recognize LPSE AID 120. Linked AIDs 118 may be accessed by reader 104 where LPSE AID 120 is recognized by reader 104. Multiple linked AIDs 118 residing in LPSE application 110 can be wirelessly accessed upon processing LPSE application 110 at wireless device reader 104 through the single NFC tap. As noted earlier, multiple linked AIDs 118 can correspond to applications for one or more transactions that may become linked and/or processed through a single NFC tap as disclosed herein.
A plurality of AIDs may become populated within LPSE application 110 based upon user selection or device selection using a wallet client application in the wireless device 102. In one embodiment, the wallet client application may comprise a software application (which may be executed by a processing unit in a mobile device) that manages multiple softcards stored on the mobile device. These electronic-based softcards may include electronic credit cards, debit cards, prepaid cards, electronic coupons, electronic tickets, gift cards, loyalty cards, and the like. The wallet client may also be responsible for populating AIDs in LPSE 110. For example, the wallet client may receive WiFi triangulation and/or GPS location information from an external source. The wallet client may also receive location information after interfacing with (e.g., tapping) a smart poster at a store location. Using the location information, the wallet client may then populate LPSE 110 with AIDs associated with the specified location associated with the location information (e.g., a Macy's credit card, a Macy's loyalty card, and applicable electronic coupon may be provisioned in LPSE 110 when the received location data indicates a Macy's store location).
Upon selection, AIDs may be subsequently linked within LPSE application 110 thereby forming linked aids 118. Linked AIDs 118 may correspond to payment transactions including but not limited to applications supported by Visa® or MasterCard®. Non-payment transactions may include, without limitation, applications for loyalty cards, loyalty points, coupons, ordering information, promotions, personal preferences, personalized data, product return information and/or any other suitable application or combinations thereof used to conduct a payment or non-payment transaction at POS terminal 114. In one embodiment, AIDs 118 may be dynamically selected by a user or wireless device 102 in the purchasing environment.
As noted above, in one embodiment, AIDs can become populated in LPSE application 110 based upon a user selecting an application. As used herein, the term “selecting” an application refers to the process by which a user or wireless device 102 activates, indicates, populates, or identifies one or more applications to be stored LPSE application and 110 for processing payment or non-payment transactions in system 100. In another embodiment, AIDs may become selected and stored in LPSE application 110 where wireless device wireless device 102 selects AIDs based upon information, for example, location information as described below. Linking the plurality of selected AIDS 116 thereby establishes a directory of linked AIDs 118 within LPSE application 110. Upon interfacing via the single wireless NFC tap, wireless device reader 104 can access and process either PPSE application 108 or LPSE application 110. When reader processes LPSE application 110 a plurality of linked AIDs 118 can be processed through the single NEC tap. When accessing PPSE application 108, stored AIDs 116 may be processed according to a preset priority using multiple NFC taps.
Wireless device 102 may also select AIDs associated with application data, and store the selected AIDs in LPSE application 110. Wireless device 102 may select and populate LPSE application 110 with AIDs using various types of information local to or received at wireless device 102. For example, wireless device 102 can include a geographic location module (not shown) which can determine location information associated with wireless device 102, and can dynamically select one or more AIDs 118 for linking in LPSE application 110 based on the location information. For example, wireless device may determine, using the geographic location module, that the device is located in or near a Macy's® department store. Wireless device 102 can then automatically “push” and link AIDs in LPSE application 110 which correspond to payment and/or non-payment transaction applications according to the location information. For example, one or more Macy's® coupons can become automatically selected by wireless device 102. Payment using a Macy's® credit card can also become automatically selected. The respective coupon and payment AIDs can be selected and stored in LPSE application 110 and subsequently received at the wireless device reader 104 upon the single tap. Multiple applications can be prioritized according to the order in which wireless device 102 selected AIDs 118 associated with a respective transaction application. A user has the option of deselecting any AIDs automatically selected by wireless device 102.
In one embodiment, AIDs 118 may be automatically selected and populated in LPSE application 110 using, for example, firmware or a wallet client where a user of wireless device 102 manually interfaces the wireless device 102 with a smart poster or reader 104 upon entry into a merchant location. For example, the user of wireless device 102 could manually interface with a Macy's® smart poster upon entering the store. One or more AIDs corresponding to Macy's® applications, for example, coupon or payment transaction applications could automatically be inserted into LPSE application 110. In one embodiment, wireless device 102 may know the merchant location using GPS tracking on the customer entering the merchant location, and can automatically select one or more AIDs to insert into LPSE application 110 based upon that location, such as selecting AIDs corresponding to a Macy's® card or coupon described above. In one embodiment, wireless device 102 can use a triangulation signal such that it knows when a customer enters a merchant location. For example, upon arriving at a given merchant location, a particular application may be triggered and the corresponding AID automatically selected into LPSE application 110. The application and corresponding AID may be triggered by a WiFi signal, a GPS signal, or a triangulation signal that is transmitted by the store entity and is received by wireless device 102 upon entering the store location or being within proximity of a certain distance of the entrance of the store.
According to methods and systems described herein, AIDs populated within of LPSE application 110 may become linked within the linking application, e.g., LPSE application 110 such that linked AIDs 118 can be processed via the single NFC tap. Wireless device reader 104 can wirelessly access and process linked AIDs 118 residing in LPSE application 110 using AIDs processing module 112. Such processing completes transaction applications corresponding to linked AIDs 118 and generates payload data associated with the transaction applications. Payload data generated by processing the payment or non-payment transactions may then be forwarded to POS terminal 114. The forwarded payload data can be communicated, wirelessly or otherwise to POS terminal 114 for completion of the transaction.
Upon interfacing wireless device 102 with wireless device reader 104, LPSE AID 120 may indicate to wireless device reader 104 that more than one transaction, or a combination of transactions may be conducted. In one embodiment, LPSE application 110 includes a merchant or consumer application designed to facilitate communication of multiple transactions in a single NFC tap. For example, LPSE application 110 can include an application defined and registered by ViVOtech, Inc. of Santa Clara, Calif. AIDs residing in LPSE application 110 may become linked during interfacing wireless device 102 with wireless device reader 104 according to an order in which the AIDs were selected. LPSE application 110 is then processed at AIDs processing module 112 of wireless device reader 104. The one or more linked AIDs 118 may then be processed in the specified order that they were linked, i.e., the order the AIDs were selected by a user or wireless device 102. Thus, LPSE AID 120 may inform wireless device reader 104 of the number of transactions to be processed through the single tap, the order and type of transactions to be processed, to link the AIDs 118, and any other necessary information.
In step 1 of
At step 3 in the messaging flow diagram of
If wireless device reader 104 does not recognize LPSE AID 120, notably, the interaction will not fail. Rather, multiple NFC taps will be necessary for the reader to receive one or more stored AIDs 116 residing in PPSE application 108. For example, returning to the hamburger example, the AID for the order would be communicated first in the single tap, and subsequent taps would be necessary to communicate AIDs associated with the coupon and VISA® payment transaction applications. LPSE AID 120 will thereby become ignored by wireless device reader 104. This feature may be advantageous, as systems using LPSE AID 120 and associated LPSE application 110 can still operate in current systems.
At block 302, wireless device 102 and wireless device reader 104 interface through a single NFC tap. Upon interfacing, wireless device reader 104 communicates the “SELECT PPSE” command to wireless device 102. LPSE AID 120 residing in PPSE application 110 can be communicated from device 102 to reader 104. LPSE application 110 can be accessed and processed by reader 104 using LPSE AID 120. The plurality of AIDs populated in LPSE application 110 can become linked at block 304, and essentially become “pushed’ from wireless device 102 to wireless device reader 104 using LPSE application 110. In one embodiment, block 302 can include detecting, by a wireless device reader, a linking application AID in the wireless device that identifies the linking application upon interfacing the wireless device with the wireless device reader through the single NFC tap. This step can include accessing, by the wireless device reader, the plurality of AIDs using the linking application.
At block 304 the AIDs populated within linking application, e.g., LPSE application 110 become linked. In one embodiment, AIDs may become linked within LPSE application 110 using firmware residing on wireless device 102 such that upon interfacing wireless device 102 with wireless device reader 104. AIDs may become automatically linked in LPSE application 110 in the order that they were selected. In one aspect, linked AIDs 118 are linked based upon the order in which they were selected to reside in LPSE application 110.
Block 306 of
In addition to applications which use previously described AIDs 116 and 118 stored on a wireless device 102, contactless applications on contactless smart cards according to MIFARE® specifications can also be supported. For example, a special AID which provides MIFARE® based information can be created. MIFARE® is a standard that defines protocols and memory storage format for applications on wireless smart devices. The MIFARE® standard can support a wide range of applications such as contactless payment, loyalty, public transportation, ticketing, coupon, access control, and gaming. The MIFARE® standard conforms to some, but not all, of the ISO 14443 specification. In one embodiment, wireless device 102 may respond to a “Select PPSE” command issued sending a special AID similar to the LPSE AID 120. The special AID can indicate the number of transactions, the order in which to process the transactions, the sector-bit map information, respective security keys. Each of the figures previously described are applicable to contactless applications on contactless smart cards according to MIFARE® specifications.
For MIFARE® applications, the special AID can be registered by a merchant application and associated with wireless device 102. The special AID can be recognized by wireless device reader 104, and reader can be informed that multiple transactions will be performed using a single NFC tap. The special AID includes a multiple-message header transaction linked tap that is MIFARE® based. The header may include the number of transactions, the priority, or order of transactions, and the sector-bit map information.
It will be understood that various details of the subject matter described herein may be changed without departing from the scope of the subject matter described herein. Furthermore, the foregoing description is for the purpose of illustration only, and not for the purpose of limitation.
This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61/321,110 filed on Apr. 5, 2010, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference, in its entirety.
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20110244796 A1 | Oct 2011 | US |
Number | Date | Country | |
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61321110 | Apr 2010 | US |