Patent Application
20050261637
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to valves. More particularly, this invention relates to swabbable valves used in the medical industry.
2. Description of the Background Art
As the term implies, the term “swabbable” is often used in conjunction with medical valves having a female luer fitting configured in such a way that allows swabbing of the exposed portion of the valve just prior to connection with a male luer needleless syringe or other device.
Representative swabbable valves are disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,036,171, 6,692,478, 6,221,065, 6,168,137, 6,117,114, 6,651,956, 6,113,068 and RE 37,357, the disclosures of which are hereby incorporated by reference herein.
As taught by the above-referenced patents, swabbable valves are often employed in IV-sets for needleless interconnection of an IV bag and its associated tubing to deliver medicine to a patient intravenously. Such needleless interconnection occurs with each device being connected end to end.
Swabbable valves preferably satisfy main requirements. For example, they should safely withstand, without loss of performance, at least 100 connects and disconnects to an injection site before the set is replaced. In addition, a connection is maintained for an extended period of time before disconnection is made. The site should still be capable of accepting subsequent connections without allowing any leakage. Valves should seal against pressurized fluid within a set. They should withstand pressures in excess of, for example, 30 PSI for a short time, such as during an injection made through an adjacent site or if a pump is connected in the circuit. Further, valves should be capable of being manufactured at high speeds and low costs. At the same time, the design must allow for minimal manufacturing defects. Still further, it is desirable that such valves have as few components as possible, and be easily assembled, without requiring any difficult component orientation or positioning.
With particular regard to medical applications, valves should not contain any dead space where fluid can collect and not be readily flushed away. Also, priming volume should be minimized. Furthermore, valves should also be easily accessible by standard luer connectors and provide secure locking features, so they could be left connected to the site without further assistance from a practitioner.
Another highly-desirable feature is easy and safe swabbability of the valve inlet area. Unfortunately, most current swabbable valves restrict free flow of passing fluid by employing narrow passages, ribs or internal cannula-like features. Restricting the flow path in such a manner may create conditions for hemolytic damage. Such restrictions also make the valve generally more difficult to flush.
Indeed, in valves used for blood sampling, there is a need for valves that do not have any space where fluid could collect and stagnate. The valve should be fully flushable to preclude thrombosis that might otherwise occur in dead spaces even of minimal sizes.
Furthermore, in medical applications, it is usually desirable to prevent the patient from being exposed to the fluid which is being injected to or extracted from the patient, and it is desirable to insulate nurses and doctors from exposure to the liquid which may contain the patient's blood or waste products. However, often the instrument used to inject or withdraw the fluid (which is generally the male component of the syringe), retains some of the fluid on the tip thereof, thus providing a risk to nurses and doctors of being exposed to the fluid. Wiping off this fluid prior to disconnecting the instrument is highly desirable.
As taught for example in U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,221,065 and 6,117,114, the disclosures of which are incorporated by reference herein, Y-site connectors are commonly used in IV-sets. U.S. Pat. RE 37,357 describes a valve in the form of a T-port where resulting flow from the swabbable end is very limited. Such resistance to the flow creates an undesirable condition for leaks around the access instrument's tip. A swabbable valve used as an injection port or a sampling port should pose minimum resistance to the flow from the syringe or communicating line. Restrictive valve geometry means slow fluid delivery and if there is blood in the fluid, there is the possibility of hemolytic damage caused by high flow speeds at narrow or curved passages.
There presently exists a need for a swabbable valve providing in-line access to IV tubing that is particularly suited for use as a sampling and injection site, such as on hemodialysis sets, with minimal obstructions to the blood flow and no dead space or hard-to-flush-out space.
Therefore, it is an object of this invention to provide an improvement which overcomes the aforementioned inadequacies of the prior art devices and provides an improvement which is a significant contribution to the advancement of the swabbable valve art.
Another object of this invention is to provide a swabbable valve allowing needleless in-line access to IV tubing.
Another object of this invention is to provide a swabbable valve incorporated into a T-port facilitating needleless in-line access to medical tubing.
The foregoing has outlined some of the pertinent objects of the invention. These objects should be construed to be merely illustrative of some of the more prominent features and applications of the intended invention. Many other beneficial results can be attained by applying the disclosed invention in a different manner or modifying the invention within the scope of the disclosure. Accordingly, other objects and a fuller understanding of the invention may be had by referring to the summary of the invention and the detailed description of the preferred embodiment in addition to the scope of the invention defined by the claims taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
In preferred aspects, this invention comprises a T-port that has incorporated therein a swabbable valve allowing needleless in-line access to medical tubing or other devices connected thereto. The T-port is particularly suitable for use as a sampling and injection site. Preferably, the T-port is non-hemolytic, presents minimal obstructions to the blood flow, requires minimal priming volume and is non-thrombogenic.
More particularly, the T-port of the invention comprises a T-port body having a longitudinal tubular portion with opposing ends each adapted to sealingly receive the end of medical tubing and a transverse valve portion having a swabbable valve incorporated therein. The T-port preferably incorporates a valve that seals itself to restrict fluid flow therein and decreases the risk of contaminants such as bacteria collecting on or within the valve into the T-port geometry. The T-port is configured such that all external surfaces in the proximity of the valve stem are accessible to be wiped clean with a sterile swab. Further, the T-port includes a stem that provides a relatively flat and wrinkle-free top surface which can be easily swabbed. The T-port minimally restricts fluid flow therethrough without requiring fluid to pass narrow cannula-like passages and also without any rib-like housing features, to thereby provide a valve structure with an unobstructed flow path allowing for smooth fluid flow without hemolytic damage without presenting any difficulty for molding and high speed assembly. The valve structure includes a female valve component that seals with a male component or instrument when the instrument is engaged therewith so that there is no leakage of fluid. The valve structure may include a female valve that obtains an effective seal and does not have a tendency to leak fluid into the surrounding area upon the male component or instrument being disengaged therefrom. Finally, the valve structure allows fluid flow in both directions upon a male component or instrument being engaged therewith.
During use, the T-port may be positioned in-line with a length of medical tubing by fitting the respective ends of the tubing into the opposing ends of the tubular portion.
The foregoing has outlined rather broadly the more pertinent and important features of the present invention in order that the detailed description of the invention that follows may be better understood so that the present contribution to the art can be more fully appreciated. Additional features of the invention will be described hereinafter which form the subject of the claims of the invention. It should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the conception and the specific embodiment disclosed may be readily utilized as a basis for modifying or designing other structures for carrying out the same purposes of the present invention. It should also be realized by those skilled in the art that such equivalent constructions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the invention as set forth in the appended claims.
For a fuller understanding of the nature and objects of the invention, reference should be had to the following detailed description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings in which:
Similar reference characters refer to similar parts throughout the several views of the drawings.
As shown in
A valve stem 28 is positioned concentrically within the valve portion 24 and retained into position by means of a step 30 formed inwardly from the valve portion 24. A valve cap 32 having a female luer lock fitting feature 34 formed on the upper end thereof is sonically welded or adhesive bonded to the valve portion 24 to entrain the valve stem 24 into sealing position.
The valve stem 28 includes a generally dome-shaped configuration adapted to sealingly engage against the lumen of the upper portion of the valve cap 32. This sealing engagement and the other functional aspects of the valve stem 28 are more particularly described in the prior patent, U.S. Pat. No. 6,651,956, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference herein. As disclosed therein and best shown in
Simultaneously, the needleless medical syringe or other device luer 40 is securely fitted via female 34 to the T-port site 10. Upon disengagement of the luer fitting to remove the medical syringe or other device, the valve stem 28, by virtue of its inherent memory, returns to its sealing engagement with its upper dome portion in sealing engagement with the lumen of the cap 32. Additionally, the stem 28 wipes the tip 42 of the luer 40 clean upon its removal.
When there is no instrument engaged with the valve (as shown in
Finally, as best shown in
The present disclosure includes that contained in the appended claims, as well as that of the foregoing description. Although this invention has been described in its preferred form with a certain degree of particularity, it is understood that the present disclosure of the preferred form has been made only by way of example and that numerous changes in the details of construction and the combination and arrangement of parts may be resorted to without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Now that the invention has been described,
This application claims the benefit of provisional application No. 60/573,671, filed May 21, 2004, the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference herein.
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 60573671 | May 2004 | US |
