Taking optical system for video shooting

This application is based on applications Nos. H09-269670 and H09-269673 filed in Japan, the content of which is hereby incorporated by reference.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a taking optical system for video shooting, and more particularly to a compact taking optical system for video shooting suitable for use in cameras provided with a solid-state imaging device.
2. Description of the Prior Art
In cameras (for example, video cameras or television cameras) that shoot an object by receiving a light beam incoming through a taking optical system by means of a solid-state imaging device (for example, a CCD (charge coupled device)) composed of an array of a plurality of light-receiving elements, a condensing microlens is provided on the incident-surface side of each light-receiving element so as to enhance its light-receiving efficiency. To increase the light-condensing ability of such condensing microlenses, conventional taking optical systems are so designed that the exit pupil is placed substantially at infinity (i.e. so designed as to be substantially telecentric toward the image side). In this structure, off-axial light beams enter the microlens from a direction approximately perpendicular to the incident surface of the light-receiving elements. This helps increase the light-condensing ability of the microlenses.
In recent years, to achieve more compact cameras, taking optical systems having short total lengths have been in demand. However, if a taking optical system is made shorter in total length, it is inevitable that its exit pupil comes closer to the image plane. This causes the microlenses disposed at the periphery of the image to receive off-axial light beams from oblique directions with respect to the incident surfaces of the light-receiving elements. As a result, the light-condensing ability of the microlenses is degraded at the periphery of the image, and thus the image shot by the solid-state imaging device suffers from uneven brightness between the central and peripheral portions thereof. As described above, in conventional taking optical systems, it is not possible to place the exit pupil substantially at infinity and simultaneously reduce the total length.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
An object of the present invention is to provide a taking optical system for video shooting that has a relatively short total length and nevertheless has its exit pupil placed substantially at infinity.
To achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, a zoom lens system is provided with, from the object side, a first lens unit having a negative optical power, a second lens unit having a positive optical power, a third lens unit having a negative optical power, and a condenser lens unit having a positive optical power. In this zoom lens system, zooming is performed by varying the distances between the first, the second, the third lens unit, and the condenser lens unit. Additionally, this zoom lens system fulfills the condition below:
-1.5<.phi.1/.phi.C<-0.4
where
.phi.1 represents the optical power of the first lens unit; and
.phi.C represents the optical power of the condenser lens unit.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
This and other objects and features of this invention will become clear from the following description, taken in conjunction with the preferred embodiments with reference to the accompanied drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a lens arrangement diagram of the taking optical system of a first embodiment (Example 1) of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a lens arrangement diagram of the taking optical system of a second embodiment (Example 2) of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a lens arrangement diagram of the taking optical system of a third embodiment (Example 3) of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a lens arrangement diagram of the taking optical system of a fourth embodiment (Example 4) of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a lens arrangement diagram of the taking optical system of a fifth embodiment (Example 5) of the present invention;
FIGS. 6A to 6I are graphic representations of the aberrations observed in the taking optical system of Example 1;
FIGS. 7A to 7I are graphic representations of the aberrations observed in the taking optical system of Example 2;
FIGS. 8A to 8I are graphic representations of the aberrations observed in the taking optical system of Example 3;
FIGS. 9A to 9I are graphic representations of the aberrations observed in the taking optical system of Example 4; and
FIGS. 10A to 10I are graphic representations of the aberrations observed in the taking optical system of Example 5.
FIG. 11 is a lens arrangement diagram of the taking optical system of a sixth embodiment (Example 6) of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a lens arrangement diagram of the taking optical system of a seventh embodiment (Example 7) of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a lens arrangement diagram of the taking optical system of an eighth embodiment (Example 8) of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a lens arrangement diagram of the taking optical system of a ninth embodiment (Example 9) of the present invention;
FIGS. 15A to 15I are graphic representations of the aberrations observed in the taking optical system of Example 6;
FIGS. 16A to 16I are graphic representations of the aberrations observed in the taking optical system of Example 7;
FIGS. 17A to 17I are graphic representations of the aberrations observed in the taking optical system of Example 8; and
FIGS. 18A to 18I are graphic representations of the aberrations observed in the taking optical system of Example 9.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
Hereinafter, taking optical systems embodying the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Embodiments 1 to 5
FIGS. 1 to 5 show the lens arrangement of the taking optical systems of a first to a fifth embodiment, respectively, of the present invention, as observed at the wide-angle end �W!. In each lens arrangement diagram, arrow mi (i=1, 2, 3, . . . ) schematically indicates the movement of the ith lens unit (Gri) during zooming from the wide-angle end (the shortest-focal-length condition) �W! to the telephoto end (the longest-focal length condition) �T!. Moreover, in each lens arrangement diagram, a surface marked with ri (i=1, 2, 3, . . . ) is the ith surface counted from the object side, and a surface ri marked with an asterisk (*) is an aspherical surface. Furthermore, an axial distance marked with di (i=1, 2, 3, . . . ) is the ith axial distance counted from the object side, though only those axial distances between the lens units that vary with zooming are shown here.
The taking optical systems for video shooting of the first to fifth embodiments are all used to form an object image on a solid-state imaging device (not shown) and are each provided with, from the object side, a main optical system ML having a positive optical power, a low-pass filter LP, and a condenser lens unit CL having a positive optical power. The main optical system ML is composed of three zoom units that are, from the object side, a first lens unit Gr1 having a negative optical power, a second lens unit Gr2 having a positive optical power, and a third lens unit Gr3 having a negative optical power. The low-pass filter LP and the condenser lens unit CL constitute a fourth lens unit Gr4 having a positive optical power.
The main optical system ML, on the one hand, acts as a three-unit zoom lens system (of a negative-positive-negative configuration) having its own optical characteristics, and, on the other hand, acts as the principal portion of a four-unit zoom lens system (of a negative-positive-negative-positive configuration) that constitutes a taking optical system as a whole and that includes, as its last lens unit (i.e. the fourth lens unit Gr4), a low-pass filter LP and a condenser lens unit CL that are kept in fixed positions during zooming. The condenser lens unit CL is placed between the main optical system ML and the solid-state imaging device and in the vicinity of the image plane. The condenser lens unit CL acts, by its positive optical power, to place the exit pupil of the taking optical system substantially at infinity.
Zooming is performed by varying the distances between the lens units. It should be noted that, since the fourth lens unit Gr4 is a fixed lens unit, the distance between the third lens unit Gr3 and the condenser lens unit CL also varies. In the first, second, fourth, and fifth embodiments, between the surface disposed at the object-side end of the second lens unit Gr2 and the surface disposed at the image-side end of the first lens unit Gr1, a shielding plate (flare cutter) S is placed that moves together with the second lens unit Gr2 during zooming. Moreover, in the first to fifth embodiments, between the surface disposed at the image-side end of the second lens unit Gr2 and the surface disposed at the object-side end of the third lens unit Gr3, an aperture stop A is placed that moves together with the second lens unit Gr2 during zooming.
In the taking optical system of the first embodiment, the lens units constituting the main optical system ML are each composed, from the object side, as follows. The first lens unit Gr1 is composed of a negative biconcave lens element and a positive meniscus lens element convex to the object side. The second lens unit Gr2 is composed of a positive biconvex lens element, a negative meniscus lens element concave to the image side, and a positive biconvex lens element. The third lens unit Gr3 is composed of a positive meniscus lens element convex to the image side and a negative meniscus lens element concave to the object side. The condenser lens unit CL is composed of a plano-convex lens element convex to the image side.
In the taking optical system of the second embodiment, the lens units constituting the main optical system ML are each composed, from the object side, as follows. The first lens unit Gr1 is composed of a negative biconcave lens element and a positive meniscus lens element convex to the object side. The second lens unit Gr2 is composed of a positive biconvex lens element and a negative meniscus lens element con cave to the object side. The third lens unit Gr3 is composed of two negative meniscus lens elements concave to the object side. The condenser lens unit CL is composed of a plano-convex lens element convex to the image side.
In the taking optical system of the third embodiment, the lens units constituting the main optical system ML are each composed, from the object side, as follows. The first lens unit Gr1 is composed of a negative meniscus lens element concave to the image side and a positive meniscus lens element convex to the object side. The second lens unit Gr2 is composed of a positive biconvex lens element, a negative biconcave lens element, and a positive biconvex lens element. The third lens unit Gr3 is composed of a positive meniscus lens element convex to the image side and a negative biconcave lens element. The condenser lens unit CL is composed of a plano-convex lens element convex to the image side.
In the taking optical system of the fourth embodiment, the lens units constituting the main optical system ML are each composed, from the object side, as follows. The first lens unit Gr1 is composed of a negative meniscus lens element concave to the image side and a positive meniscus lens element convex to the object side. The second lens unit Gr2 is composed of a positive meniscus lens element convex to the object side, a negative biconcave lens element, and a positive biconvex lens element. The third lens unit Gr3 is composed of a positive meniscus lens element convex to the image side and a negative meniscus lens element concave to the object side. The condenser lens unit CL is composed of a plano-convex lens element convex to the image side.
In the taking optical system of the fifth embodiment, the lens units constituting the main optical system ML are each composed, from the object side, as follows. The first lens unit Gr1 is composed of a negative biconcave lens element and a positive meniscus lens element convex to the object side. The second lens unit Gr2 is composed of a positive biconvex lens element and a negative meniscus lens element concave to the object side. The third lens unit Gr3 is composed of two negative meniscus lens elements concave to the object side. The condenser lens unit CL is composed of a plano-convex lens element convex to the image side.
As described previously, in a camera that is provided with a solid-state imaging device, it is preferable that light beams be shone perpendicularly onto the incident surface of the solid-state imaging device, and accordingly it is preferable that the exit pupil of the taking optical system be placed as far away from the image plane as possible. As described above, in all of the aforementioned embodiments, the condenser lens unit CL, which is disposed between the main optical system ML and the solid-state imaging device and in the vicinity of the image plane, acts, by its positive optical power, to place the exit pupil of the taking optical system substantially at infinity. By this action of the condenser lens unit CL, it is possible to place the exit pupil of the taking optical system as far away from the image plane as possible and thereby shorten the total length of the taking optical system. Moreover, in these embodiments, the exit pupil of the taking optical system can be placed away from the image plane with substantially no degradation in the image-formation performance of the main optical system ML, in striking contrast to a taking optical system having no condenser lens unit CL.
In a three-unit zoom lens system of a negative-positive-negative configuration, the position of the exit pupil of the taking optical system depends principally on the optical power of the first lens unit Gr1. Thus, the optical power of the condenser lens unit CL is determined in accordance with the position of the exit pupil of the main optical system ML. For example, the stronger the optical power of the condenser lens unit CL, the stronger its action to place the exit pupil of the taking optical system away from the image plane. Thus, the closer the exit pupil of the main optical system ML is to the image plane, the stronger the optical power of the condenser lens unit CL needs to be. In contrast, the weaker the optical power of the condenser lens unit CL, the weaker its action to place the exit pupil of the taking optical system closer to the image plane. Thus, the farther the exit pupil of the main optical system ML is away from the image plane, the weaker the optical power of the condenser lens unit CL needs to be.
Moreover, since the main optical system ML itself acts as a zoom lens system, the exit pupil moves along the optical axis AX during zooming. Accordingly, it is preferable to strike a proper balance between the position of the exit pupil at the wide-angle end �W! and that at the telephoto end �T!. If this balance is neglected, the exit pupil is placed in an inappropriate position with respect to the solid-state imaging device at one of the wide-angle and telephoto ends. To strike a proper balance, it is preferable that at least one of Conditions (1) to (3) below be fulfilled that define the relation between the position of the exit pupil of the main optical system ML and the optical power of the condenser lens unit CL.
In a four-unit zoom lens system, like those of the first to fifth embodiments, that consists of, from the object side, a three-unit main optical system ML and a condenser lens unit CL, wherein the main optical system ML consists of a negative, a positive, and a negative lens unit, it is preferable that Condition (1) below be fulfilled.
-1.5</.phi.1/.phi.C<-0.4 (1)
where
.phi.1 represents the optical power of the first lens unit (Gr1); and
.phi.C represents the optical power of the condenser lens unit (CL).
If the lower limit of Condition (1) is exceeded, the negative optical power of the first lens unit Gr1 is too strong, and thus the back focal length is so long that, even though the exit pupil of the main optical system ML is placed away from the image plane, the heights at which the incoming light beams enter the lens units other than the first lens unit are unduly great. As a result, it is difficult to correct the aberrations, in particular excessively large positive distortion and spherical aberration, that occur in the main optical system ML. In contrast, if the upper limit of Condition (1) is exceeded, the negative optical power of the first lens unit Gr1 is too weak, and thus the exit pupil is placed so close to the image plane that the condenser lens unit CL needs to have a stronger optical power. Increasing the power of the condenser lens unit CL causes aberrations therein; in particular excessively large positive distortion and a large Petzval sum cause unduly large astigmatic difference.
In a four-unit zoom lens system, like those of the first to fifth embodiments, that consists of, from the object side, a three-unit main optical system ML and a condenser lens unit CL, wherein the main optical system ML consists of a negative, a positive, and a negative lens unit, it is preferable that Condition (2) below be fulfilled.
1.4<.phi.2/.phi.C<2.5 (2)
where
.phi.2 represents the optical power of the second lens unit (Gr2); and
.phi.C represents the optical power of the condenser lens unit (CL).
If the upper limit of Condition (2) is exceeded, the positive optical power of the second lens unit Gr2 is too strong, and thus the back focal length is so short that the exit pupil is placed too close to the image plane. Accordingly, the condenser lens unit CL needs to be given a stronger optical power. However, an excessive increase in the optical power of the condenser lens unit CL causes aberrations therein; in particular excessively large positive distortion and a large Petzval sum cause unduly large astigmatic difference. This makes it difficult to correct aberrations properly. In contrast, if the lower limit of Condition (2) is exceeded, the positive optical power of the second lens unit Gr2 is too weak, and thus the back focal length is so long that the exit pupil of the main optical system ML is placed away from the image plane. This, although convenient to a solid-state imaging device such as a CCD, makes the entire taking optical system unduly large, and thus spoils its compactness.
In a four-unit zoom lens system, like those of the first to fifth embodiments, that consists of, from the object side, a three-unit main optical system ML and a condenser lens unit CL, wherein the main optical system ML consists of a negative, a positive, and a negative lens unit, it is preferable that Condition (3) below be fulfilled.
2.0<.phi.3/.phi.C<-0.7 (3)
where
.phi.3 represents the optical power of the third lens unit (Gr3); and
.phi.C represents the optical power of the condenser lens unit (CL).
If the lower limit of Condition (3) is exceeded, the negative optical power of the third lens unit Gr3 is too strong. This makes the entire taking optical system telephoto-oriented and compact, but simultaneously makes the back focal length so short that the exit pupil is placed too close to the image plane. Accordingly, the condenser lens unit CL needs to be given a stronger optical power. However, an excessive increase in the optical power of the condenser lens unit CL causes aberrations therein; in particular, excessively large positive distortion and a large Petzval sum cause unduly large astigmatic difference. This makes it difficult to correct aberrations properly. In contrast, if the upper limit of Condition (3) is exceeded, the negative optical power of the third lens unit Gr3 is too weak, and thus the back focal length is so long that the exit pupil of the main optical system ML is placed away from the image plane. This, although convenient to a solid-state imaging device such as a CCD, makes the entire taking optical system unduly large, and thus spoils its compactness.
Other conditions to be fulfilled are as follows. In a four-unit zoom lens system, like those of the first to fifth embodiments, that consists of, from the object side, a three-unit main optical system ML and a condenser lens unit CL, wherein the main optical system ML consists of a negative, a positive, and a negative lens unit, it is preferable that Condition (4) below be fulfilled.
0.5<LBW/Y'max <2.0 (4)
where
LBW represents the back focal length of the main optical system (ML) at the wide-angle end �W!; and
Y' max represents the maximum image height.
Condition (4) defines the relation between the back focal length of the main optical system ML at the wide-angle end �W! (i.e. in the state in which the image-side-end surface of the main optical system ML comes closest to the image plane) and the size of the solid-state imaging device. If the upper limit of Condition (4) is exceeded, the back focal length is unduly long, and thus the total length of the taking optical system is too long for practical use. In contrast, if the lower limit of Condition (4) is exceeded, the back focal length is unduly short, which makes it difficult to arrange optical elements such as the low-pass filter LP properly.
In a four-unit zoom lens system, like those of the first to fifth embodiments, that consists of, from the object side, a three-unit main optical system ML and a condenser lens unit CL, wherein the main optical system ML consists of a negative, a positive, and a negative lens unit, it is preferable that Condition (5) below be fulfilled.
1.2<bw/aw<3.0 (5)
where
aw represents the distance from the exit pupil of the main optical system (ML) to the image plane at the wide-angle end �W!; and
bw represents the distance from the exit pupil of the taking optical system to the image plane at the wide-angle end �W!.
Condition (5) defines the ratio of the distance between the exit pupil of the main optical system ML (which does not include the condenser lens unit CL) and the image plane to that between the exit pupil of the taking optical system (i.e. the entire taking optical system including the condenser lens unit CL) and the image plane. This distance ratio represents how far the condenser lens unit CL moves the exit pupil away from the image plane. If the lower limit of Condition (5) is exceeded, the exit pupil is located comparatively far away from the image plane even without the use of the condenser lens unit CL, and therefore its use makes little difference here. In addition, the fact that the exit pupil is located far away from the image plane is equivalent to the fact that the main optical system ML as a whole is too large for practical use. If the upper limit of Condition (5) is exceeded, the exit pupil of the taking optical system is placed too far away from the image plane. As a result, the aberrations occurring in the condenser lens unit CL cannot be corrected properly, and thus it is not possible to obtain satisfactory optical performance; in particular, positive distortion increases and image plane quality deteriorates.
In a four-unit zoom lens system, like those of the first to fifth embodiments, that consists of, from the object side, a three-unit main optical system ML and a condenser lens unit CL, wherein the main optical system ML consists of a negative, a positive, and a negative lens unit, it is preferable that, in addition to at least one of Conditions (1) to (3) noted above, at least one of Conditions (6) and (7) below be fulfilled.
1.5<.phi.2/.phi.T<4.5 (6)
-4.0<.phi.3/.phi.T<-2.0 (7)
where
.phi.T represents the optical power of the taking optical system at the telephoto end �T!.
Conditions (6) and (7) define, in combination with Conditions (1) to (3), the conditions to be fulfilled to keep the entire taking optical system compact. If the upper limit of Condition (6) is exceeded, the positive optical power of the second lens unit Gr2 is too strong, and thus, even though the taking optical system can be made effectively compact, it is difficult to correct spherical aberration properly. In contrast, if the lower limit of Condition (6) is exceeded, the positive optical power of the second lens unit Gr2 is too weak, and thus the total length of the taking optical system is too long to keep the entire taking optical system compact.
If the lower limit of Condition (7) is exceeded, the negative optical power of the third lens unit Gr3 is too strong, and thus positive distortion becomes unduly large on the wide-angle side, and, in addition, spherical aberration appears toward the positive side on the telephoto side. Moreover, as the back focal length becomes shorter, the outer diameter of the third lens unit Gr3 needs to be made larger in order to secure sufficient amount of peripheral light. This makes the camera as a whole unduly large. Note that the aforementioned positive distortion observed on the wide-angle side and the spherical aberration observed on the telephoto side can be corrected effectively by providing an aspherical surface on a positive lens element included in the third lens unit Gr3. In contrast, if the upper limit of Condition (7) is exceeded, the negative optical power of the third lens unit Gr3 is too weak, and thus negative distortion becomes unduly large on the wide-angle side, and, in addition, spherical aberration appears toward the negative side on the telephoto side. Moreover, as the stroke of the third lens unit Gr3 increases, the total length of the taking optical system becomes too long on the telephoto side.
In cases where any one of Conditions (1) to (3) is satisfied, by providing an aspherical surface in the condenser lens unit CL, it is possible to suppress the aberrations occurring in the condenser lens unit CL to some extent. By providing an aspherical surface in the condenser lens unit CL, it is possible to give the condenser lens unit CL a stronger optical power and simultaneously correct properly the distortion occurring in the condenser lens unit CL. In this case, it is preferable that the aspherical surface provided in the condenser lens unit CL be so shaped that its positive optical power decreases (becomes weak) gradually from the center to the edge. By the use of such an aspherical surface, the negative distortion that occurs in the condenser lens unit CL can be corrected satisfactorily.
In addition, it is preferable that the aspherical surface provided in the condenser lens unit CL fulfill Condition (8) below.
-0.01<PW.multidot.(N'-N).multidot.{x(y) -x(0)}<0.0 (8)
where
PW represents the optical power of the aspherical surface;
N' represents the refractive index of the medium that exists on the image side of the aspherical surface;
N represents the refractive index of the medium that exists on the object side of the aspherical surface;
x(y) represents the shape of the aspherical surface; and
x(0) represents the shape of the reference spherical surface of the aspherical surface,
where x(y) and x(0) are defined respectively by Formulae (AS) and (RE) below. ##EQU1## where y represents the height in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis;
.epsilon. represents the quadric surface parameter; and
Ai represents the aspherical coefficient of the ith order.
If the upper limit of Condition (8) is exceeded, the aspherical surface is no longer shaped such that its positive optical power decreases gradually from the center to the edge. Thus, it is impossible to correct distortion properly. In contrast, if the lower limit of Condition (8) is exceeded, the distortion is overcorrected.
Note that, in the taking optical systems of the first to fifth embodiments, the lens units are composed solely of refracting lens elements that deflect incoming rays through refraction. However, the lens units may include, for example, diffracting lens elements that deflect incoming rays through diffraction, refracting-diffracting hybrid-type lens elements that deflect incoming rays through the combined effect of refraction and diffraction, or lens elements of any other type.
Embodiments 6 to 9
FIGS. 11 to 14 show the lens arrangement of the taking optical systems of a sixth to a ninth embodiment, respectively, of the present invention, as observed at the wide-angle end �W!. In each lens arrangement diagram, arrow mi (i=1, 2, 3, . . . ) schematically indicates the movement of the ith lens unit (Gri) during zooming from the wide-angle end �W! to the telephoto end �T!. Moreover, in each lens arrangement diagram, a surface marked with ri (i=1, 2, 3, . . . ) is the ith surface counted from the object side, and a surface ri marked with an asterisk (*) is an aspherical surface. Furthermore, an axial distance marked with di (i=1, 2, 3, . . . ) is the ith axial distance counted from the object side, though only those axial distances between the lens units that vary with zooming are shown here.
The taking optical systems for video shooting of the sixth to ninth embodiments are all used to form an object image on a solid-state imaging device (not shown) and are each provided with, from the object side, a main optical system ML having a positive optical power, a low-pass filter LP, and a condenser lens unit CL having a positive optical power. The main optical system ML is composed of four zoom units that are, from the object side, a first lens unit Gr1 having a negative optical power, a second lens unit Gr2 having a positive optical power, a third lens unit Gr3 having a negative optical power, and a fourth lens unit Gr4 having a positive optical power. The low-pass filter LP and the condenser lens unit CL constitute a fifth lens unit Gr5 having a positive optical power.
The main optical system ML, on the one hand, acts as a four-unit zoom lens system (of a negative-positive-negative-positive configuration) having its own optical characteristics, and, on the other hand, acts as the principal portion of a five-unit zoom lens system (of a negative-positive-negative-positive-positive configuration) that constitutes a taking optical system as a whole and that includes, as its last lens unit (i.e. the fifth lens unit Gr5), a low-pass filter LP and a condenser lens unit CL that are kept in fixed positions during zooming. The condenser lens unit CL is placed between the main optical system ML and the solid-state imaging device and in the vicinity of the image plane. The condenser lens unit CL acts, by its positive optical power, to place the exit pupil of the taking optical system substantially at infinity.
Zooming is performed by varying the distances between the lens units. It should be noted that, since the fifth lens unit Gr5 is a fixed lens unit, the distance between the fourth lens unit Gr4 and the condenser lens unit CL also varies. In the sixth and seventh embodiments, between the surface disposed at the object-side end of the second lens unit Gr2 and the surface disposed at the image-side end of the first lens unit Gr1, a shielding plate (flare cutter) S is placed that moves together with the second lens unit Gr2 during zooming. Moreover, in the sixth to ninth embodiments, between the surface disposed at the image-side end of the second lens unit Gr2 and the surface disposed at the object-side end of the third lens unit Gr3, an aperture stop A is placed that moves together with the third lens unit Gr3 during zooming.
In the taking optical system of the sixth embodiment, the lens units constituting the main optical system ML are each composed, from the object side, as follows. The first lens unit Gr1 is composed of a positive biconvex lens element, a negative meniscus lens element concave to the image side, a positive meniscus lens element convex to the image side, a negative biconcave lens element, and a positive meniscus lens element convex to the object side. The second lens unit Gr2 is composed of a positive doublet biconvex lens element, a positive doublet meniscus lens element convex to the object side, and a positive meniscus lens element convex to the object side. The third lens unit Gr3 is composed of a doublet biconcave lens element and a negative meniscus lens element concave to the object side. The fourth lens unit Gr4 is composed of a negative meniscus lens element concave to the image side, a positive biconvex lens element, and a positive doublet meniscus lens element convex to the object side. The condenser lens unit CL is composed of a plano-convex lens element convex to the image side.
In the taking optical system of the seventh embodiment, the lens units constituting the main optical system ML are each composed, from the object side, as follows. The first lens unit Gr1 is composed of a negative biconcave lens element, a negative meniscus lens element concave to the image side, a positive meniscus lens element convex to the image side, a negative biconcave lens element, and a positive meniscus lens element convex to the object side. The second lens unit Gr2 is composed of a positive doublet biconvex lens element, a positive doublet meniscus lens element convex to the object side, and a positive meniscus lens element convex to the object side. The third lens unit Gr3 is composed of a negative doublet meniscus lens element concave to the image side and a negative meniscus lens element concave to the object side. The fourth lens unit Gr4 is composed of a negative meniscus lens element concave to the image side, a positive biconvex lens element, and a positive doublet meniscus lens element convex to the object side. The condenser lens unit CL is composed of a plano-convex lens element convex to the image side.
In the taking optical system of the eighth embodiment, the lens units constituting the main optical system ML are each composed, from the object side, as follows. The first lens unit Gr1 is composed of three negative meniscus lens elements concave to the image side and a positive meniscus lens element convex to the object side. The second lens unit Gr2 is composed of a positive doublet biconvex lens element and a positive meniscus lens element convex to the object side. The third lens unit Gr3 is composed of a negative doublet biconcave lens element. The fourth lens unit Gr4 is composed of a positive biconvex lens element, a positive meniscus lens element convex to the object side, and a negative biconcave lens element. The condenser lens unit CL is composed of a plano-convex lens element convex to the image side.
In the taking optical system of the ninth embodiment, the lens units constituting the main optical system ML are each composed, from the object side, as follows. The first lens unit Gr1 is composed of two negative meniscus lens elements concave to the image side and a positive meniscus lens element convex to the object side. The second lens unit Gr2 is composed of a positive doublet biconvex lens element and a negative meniscus lens element concave to the image side. The third lens unit Gr3 is composed of a negative doublet biconcave lens element. The fourth lens unit Gr4 is composed of two positive biconvex lens elements and a negative biconcave lens element. The condenser lens unit CL is composed of a plano-convex lens element convex to the image side.
As described previously, in a camera that is provided with a solid-state imaging device, it is preferable that light beams be shone perpendicularly onto the incident surface of the solid-state imaging device, and accordingly it is preferable that the exit pupil of the taking optical system be placed as far away from the image plane as possible. As described above, in all of the aforementioned embodiments, the condenser lens unit CL, which is disposed between the main optical system ML and the solid-state imaging device and in the vicinity of the image plane, acts, by its positive optical power, to place the exit pupil of the taking optical system substantially at infinity. By this action of the condenser lens unit CL, it is possible to place the exit pupil of the taking optical system as far away from the image plane as possible and thereby shorten the total length of the taking optical system. Moreover, in these embodiments, the exit pupil of the taking optical system can be placed away from the image plane with substantially no degradation in the image-formation performance of the main optical system ML, in striking contrast to a taking optical system having no condenser lens unit CL.
In a four-unit zoom lens system of a negative-positive-negative-positive configuration, the position of the exit pupil of the taking optical system depends principally on the optical power of the first lens unit Gr1. Thus, the optical power of the condenser lens unit CL is determined in accordance with the position of the exit pupil of the main optical system ML. For example, the stronger the optical power of the condenser lens unit CL, the stronger its action to place the exit pupil of the taking optical system away from the image plane. Thus, the closer the exit pupil of the main optical system ML is to the image plane, the stronger the optical power of the condenser lens unit CL needs to be. In contrast, the weaker the optical power of the condenser lens unit CL, the weaker its action to place the exit pupil of the taking optical system closer to the image plane. Thus, the farther the exit pupil of the main optical system ML is away from the image plane, the weaker the optical power of the condenser lens unit CL needs to be.
Moreover, since the main optical system ML itself acts as a zoom lens system, the exit pupil moves along the optical axis AX during zooming. Accordingly, it is preferable to strike a proper balance between the position of the exit pupil at the wide-angle end �W! and that at the telephoto end �T!. If this balance is neglected, the exit pupil is placed in an inappropriate position with respect to the solid-state imaging device at one of the wide-angle and telephoto ends. To strike a proper balance, it is preferable that at least one of Conditions (9) to (12) below be fulfilled that define the relation between the position of the exit pupil of the main optical system ML and the optical power of the condenser lens unit CL.
In a five-unit zoom lens system, like those of the sixth to ninth embodiments, that consists of, from the object side, a four-unit main optical system ML and a condenser lens unit CL, wherein the main optical system ML consists of a negative, a positive, a negative, and a positive lens unit, it is preferable that Condition (9) below be fulfilled.
-5.5<.phi.1/.phi.C<-0.4 (9)
where
.phi.1 represents the optical power of the first lens unit (Gr1); and
.phi.C represents the optical power of the condenser lens unit (CL).
If the lower limit of Condition (9) is exceeded, the negative optical power of the first lens unit Gr1 is too strong, and thus the back focal length is so long that, even though the exit pupil of the main optical system ML is placed away from the image plane, the heights at which the incoming light beams enter the lens units other than the first lens unit are unduly great. As a result, it is difficult to correct the aberrations, in particular excessively large positive distortion and spherical aberration, that occur in the main optical system ML. In contrast, if the upper limit of Condition (9) is exceeded, the negative optical power of the first lens unit (Gr1) is too weak. This makes the heights at which the incoming light beams enter the lens units other than the first lens unit unduly low, and thus, even though distortion and spherical aberration can be corrected properly, the exit pupil is placed so close to the image plane that the condenser lens unit CL needs to have a stronger optical power. Increasing the power of the condenser lens unit CL causes aberrations therein; in particular a large Petzval sum causes unduly large astigmatic difference, which makes it impossible to correct aberrations properly.
In a five-unit zoom lens system, like those of the sixth to ninth embodiments, that consists of, from the object side, a four-unit main optical system ML and a condenser lens unit CL, wherein the main optical system ML consists of a negative, a positive, a negative, and a positive lens unit, it is preferable that Condition (10) below be fulfilled.
0.5<.phi.2/.phi.C<7.0 (10)
where
.phi.2 represents the optical power of the second lens unit (Gr2); and
.phi.C represents the optical power of the condenser lens unit (CL).
If the upper limit of Condition (10) is exceeded, the positive optical power of the second lens unit Gr2 is too strong. This increases the distance between the first lens unit Gr1 and the second lens unit Gr2 on the wide-angle side, and thus, in the entire taking optical system, makes the retrofocus-type power distribution (negative-positive power arrangement) so significant that it is possible to secure a sufficient back focal length. Accordingly, even though the exit pupil can be placed sufficiently away from the image plane, the entire taking optical system becomes unduly large. In contrast, if the lower limit of Condition (10) is exceeded, the positive optical power of the second lens unit Gr2 is too weak. This makes the retrofocus-type power distribution so insignificant that the back focal length becomes unduly short. Accordingly, the condenser lens unit CL needs to have a stronger optical power in order to place the exit pupil away from the image plane. However, an excessive increase in the optical power of the condenser lens unit CL causes the positive optical power of the entire taking optical system to become too strong. As a result, the Petzval sum becomes too large to obtain satisfactory image plane quality.
In a five-unit zoom lens system, like those of the sixth to ninth embodiments, that consists of, from the object side, a four-unit main optical system ML and a condenser lens unit CL, wherein the main optical system ML consists of a negative, a positive, a negative, and a positive lens unit, it is preferable that Condition (11) below be fulfilled.
-7.0<.phi.3/.phi.C<-0.5 (11)
where
.phi.3 represents the optical power of the third lens unit (Gr3); and
.phi.C represents the optical power of the condenser lens unit (CL).
If the lower limit of Condition (11) is exceeded, the negative optical power of the third lens unit Gr3 is too strong. This makes the entire taking optical system telephoto-oriented and compact, but simultaneously makes the back focal length so short that the exit pupil is placed too close to the image plane. Accordingly, the condenser lens unit CL needs to be given a stronger optical power. However, an excessive increase in the optical power of the condenser lens unit CL causes aberrations therein; in particular excessively large positive distortion and a large Petzval sum cause unduly large astigmatic difference. This makes it difficult to correct aberrations properly. In contrast, if the upper limit of Condition (11) is exceeded, the negative optical power of the third lens unit Gr3 is too weak, and thus the back focal length is so long that the exit pupil of the main optical system ML is placed away from the image plane. This, although convenient to a solid-state imaging device such as a CCD, makes the entire taking optical system unduly large, and thus spoils its compactness.
In a five-unit zoom lens system, like those of the sixth to ninth embodiments, that consists of, from the object side, a four-unit main optical system ML and a condenser lens unit CL, wherein the main optical system ML consists of a negative, a positive, a negative, and a positive lens unit, it is preferable that Condition (12) below be fulfilled.
1.0<.phi.4/.phi.C<5.0 (12)
where
.phi.4 represents the optical power of the fourth lens unit (Gr4); and
.phi.C represents the optical power of the condenser lens unit (CL).
Condition (12) defines the ratio of the optical power of the fourth lens unit Gr4 to that of the condenser lens unit CL. If the lower limit of Condition (12) is exceeded, the positive optical power of the fourth lens unit Gr4 is too weak relative to that of the condenser lens unit CL, and thus the back focal length is unnecessarily long. This makes it impossible to make the zoom lens system compact. In contrast, if the upper limit of Condition (12) is exceeded, the positive optical power of the fourth lens unit Gr4 is too strong relative to that of the condenser lens unit CL, and thus the back focal length is too short. In this case, it is impossible to keep the entire zoom lens system sufficiently telecentric unless the condenser lens unit CL is given a stronger optical power. However, increasing the optical power of the condenser lens unit CL results in increasing the aberrations occurring therein.
Other conditions to be fulfilled are as follows. In a five-unit zoom lens system, like those of the sixth to ninth embodiments, that consists of, from the object side, a four-unit main optical system ML and a condenser lens unit CL, wherein the main optical system ML consists of a negative, a positive, a negative, and a positive lens unit, it is preferable that Condition (13) below be fulfilled.
0.5<LBW/Y'max<2.0 (13)
where
LBW represents the back focal length of the main optical system (ML) at the wide-angle end �W!; and
Y' max represents the maximum image height.
Condition (13) defines the relation between the back focal length of the main optical system ML at the wide-angle end �W! (i.e. in the state in which the image-side-end surface of the main optical system ML comes closest to the image plane) and the size of the solid-state imaging device. If the upper limit of Condition (13) is exceeded, the back focal length is unduly long, and thus the total length of the taking optical system is too long for practical use. In contrast, if the lower limit of Condition (13) is exceeded, the back focal length is unduly short, which makes it difficult to arrange optical elements such as the low-pass filter LP properly.
In a five-unit zoom lens system, like those of the sixth to ninth embodiments, that consists of, from the object side, a four-unit main optical system ML and a condenser lens unit CL, wherein the main optical system ML consists of a negative, a positive, a negative, and a positive lens unit, it is preferable that Condition (14) below be fulfilled.
1.2<bw/aw<3.0 (14)
where
aw represents the distance from the exit pupil of the main optical system (ML) to the image plane at the wide-angle end �W!; and
bw represents the distance from the exit pupil of the taking optical system to the image plane at the wide-angle end �W!.
Condition (14) defines the ratio of the distance between the exit pupil of the main optical system ML (which does not include the condenser lens unit CL) and the image plane to that between the exit pupil of the taking optical system (i.e. the entire taking optical system including the condenser lens unit CL) and the image plane. This distance ratio represents how far the condenser lens unit CL moves the exit pupil away from the image plane. If the lower limit of Condition (14) is exceeded, the exit pupil is located comparatively far away from the image plane even without the use of the condenser lens unit CL, and therefore its use makes little difference here. In addition, the fact that the exit pupil is located far away from the image plane is equivalent to the fact that the main optical system ML as a whole is too large for practical use. If the upper limit of Condition (14) is exceeded, the exit pupil of the taking optical system is placed too far away from the image plane. As a result, the aberrations occurring in the condenser lens unit CL cannot be corrected properly, and thus it is not possible to obtain satisfactory optical performance; in particular, positive distortion increases and image plane quality deteriorates.
In a five-unit zoom lens system, like those of the sixth to ninth embodiments, that consists of, from the object side, a four-unit main optical system ML and a condenser lens unit CL, wherein the main optical system ML consists of a negative, a positive, a negative, and a positive lens unit, it is preferable that, in addition to at least one of Conditions (9) to (12) noted above, Condition (15) below be fulfilled.
0.600<.phi.2/.phi.W<0.900 (15)
where
.phi.W represents the optical power of the taking optical system at the wide-angle end �W!.
Condition (15) defines, in combination with Conditions (9) to (12), the condition to be fulfilled to obtain the optimal optical performance in the taking optical system. If the upper limit of Condition (15) is exceeded, the positive optical power of the second lens unit Gr2 is too strong, and thus, even though it is possible to secure a sufficient back focal length, too much flare occurs toward the upper side, which makes it difficult to correct aberrations properly. In contrast, if the lower limit of Condition (15) is exceeded, the optical power of the second lens unit Gr2 is too weak, and thus, even though aberrations can be corrected properly, it is difficult to secure a sufficient back focal length, particularly on the wide-angle side. This necessitates, in a taking optical system designed for use with a solid-state imaging device such as a CCD, the use of an additional optical element such as a low-pass filter, and thus complicates the design of the taking optical system.
In cases where any one of Conditions (9) to (12) is satisfied, by providing an aspherical surface in the condenser lens unit CL, it is possible to suppress the aberrations occurring in the condenser lens unit CL to some extent. By providing an aspherical surface in the condenser lens unit CL, it is possible to give the condenser lens unit CL a stronger optical power and simultaneously correct properly the distortion occurring in the condenser lens unit CL. In this case, it is preferable that the aspherical surface provided in the condenser lens unit CL be so shaped that its positive optical power decreases (becomes weak) gradually from the center to the edge. By the use of such an aspherical surface, the negative distortion that occurs in the condenser lens unit CL can be corrected satisfactorily.
In addition, it is preferable that the aspherical surface provided in the condenser lens unit CL fulfill Condition (16) below.
-0.01<PW.multidot.(N'-N).multidot.{x(y)-x(0)}<0.0 (16)
where
PW represents the optical power of the aspherical surface;
N' represents the refractive index of the medium that exists on the image side of the aspherical surface;
N represents the refractive index of the medium that exists on the object side of the aspherical surface;
x(y) represents the shape of the aspherical surface; and
x(0) represents the shape of the reference spherical surface of the aspherical surface,
where x(y) and x(0) are defined respectively by Formulae (AS) and (RE) below. ##EQU2## where y represents the height in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis;
.epsilon. represents the quadric surface parameter; and
Ai represents the aspherical coefficient of the ith order.
If the upper limit of Condition (16) is exceeded, the aspherical surface is no longer shaped such that its positive optical power decreases gradually from the center to the edge. Thus, it is impossible to correct distortion properly. In contrast, if the lower limit of Condition (16) is exceeded, the distortion is overcorrected.
Note that, in the taking optical systems of the sixth to ninth embodiments, the lens units are composed solely of refracting lens elements that deflect incoming rays through refraction. However, the lens units may include, for example, diffracting lens elements that deflect incoming rays through diffraction, refracting-diffracting hybrid-type lens elements that deflect incoming rays through the combined effect of refraction and diffraction, or lens elements of any other type.
EXAMPLES
Hereinafter, examples of the taking optical systems for video shooting of the first to ninth embodiments described above will be presented with reference to their construction data, graphic representations of aberrations, and other data. Tables 1 to 9 list the construction data of Examples 1 to 9, which respectively correspond to the first to ninth embodiments described above and have lens arrangements as shown in FIGS. 1 to 5 and 11 to 14.
In the construction data of each example, ri (i=1, 2, 3, . . . ) represents the radius of curvature of the ith surface counted from the object side, and di (i=1, 2, 3, . . . ) represents the ith axial distance counted from the object side. For each of the axial distances that vary with zooming (i.e. variable axial distances), three values are listed that represent, from left, the actual surface-to-surface distance between the relevant lens units at the wide-angle end �W!, the same distance at the middle focal length (M), and the same distance at the telephoto end �T!. Ni (i=1, 2, 3, . . . ) and vi (i=1, 2, 3, . . . ) represent the refractive index (Nd) and the Abbe number (vd), respectively, for d-line of the ith lens element counted from the object side. Also listed are the focal lengths f and the F numbers FNO of the entire taking optical system at the wide-angle end �W!, at the middle focal length (M), and at the telephoto end �T!.
Furthermore, a surface whose radius of curvature ri is marked with an asterisk (*) is an aspherical surface, whose surface shape is defined by Formula (AS) noted above. The data of the aspherical surfaces and the values corresponding to Condition (8) or (16), which defines a condition to be fulfilled by the aspherical surface, are also listed together with the construction data of each embodiment. Table 10 lists the values corresponding to Conditions (1) to (7) noted above as observed in Examples 1 to 5. Table 11 lists the values corresponding to Conditions (9) to (15) noted above as observed in Examples 6 to 9.
FIGS. 6A to 6I, 7A to 7I, 8A to 8I, 9A to 9I, 10A to 10I, 15A to 15I, 16A to 16I, 17A to 17I, and 18A to 18I are graphic representations of the aberrations observed in Examples 1 to 9, respectively. Of these diagrams, FIGS. 6A to 6C, 7A to 7C, 8A to 8C, 9A to 9C, 10A to 10C, 15A to 15C, 16A to 16C, 17A to 17C, and 18A to 18C show the aberrations observed at the wide-angle end �W!; FIGS. 6D to 6F, 7D to 7F, 8D to 8F, 9D to 9F, 10D to 10F, 15D to 15F, 16D to 16F, 17D to 17F, and 18D to 18F show the aberrations observed at the middle focal length �M!; and FIGS. 6G to 6I, 7G to 7I, 8G to 8I, 9G to 9I, 10G to 10I, 15G to 15I, 16G to 16I, 17G to 17I, and 18G to 18I show the aberrations observed at the telephoto end �T!. Of these diagrams, FIGS. 6A, 6D, 6G, 7A, 7D, 7G, 8A, 8D, 8G, 9A, 9D, 9G, 10A, 10D, 10G, 15A, 15D 17A, 17D, 17G, 18A, 18D, and 18G show spherical aberration and sine condition; FIGS. 6B, 6E, 6H, 7B, 7E, 7H, 8B, 8E, 8H, 9B, 9E, 9H, 10B, 10E, 10H, 15B, 15E, 15H, 16B, 16E, 16H, 17B, 17E, 17H, 18B, 18E, and 18H show astigmatism; and FIGS. 6C, 6F, 6I, 7C, 7F, 7I, 8C, 8F, 8I, 9C, 9F, 9I, 10C, 10F, 10I, 15C, 15F, 15I, 16C, 16F, 16I, 17C, 17F, 17I, 18C, 18F, and 18I show distortion (Y': image height). In the spherical aberration diagrams, the solid line (d) represents the aberration for d-line and the broken line (SC) represents the sine condition. In the astigmatism diagrams, the broken line (DM) and the solid line (DS) represent the astigmatism for d-line on the meridional plane and on the sagittal plane, respectively.
As described heretofore, according to the present invention, it is possible to place the exit pupil of a taking optical system away from the image plane even when the taking optical system is made compact. Accordingly, it is possible to realize a taking optical system that has a relatively short total length despite having its exit pupil substantially at infinity. By the use of such a taking optical system, it is possible to suppress the loss of brightness at the edges of images shot by a solid-state imaging device, and thereby obtain uniformly bright images.
TABLE 1______________________________________<<Construction Data of Example 1>>f = 8.2.about.15.0.about.27.0FNO = 4.12.about.6.10.about.8.24Radius of Axial Refractive AbbeCurvature Distance Index Numher______________________________________r1 = -47.224 d1 = 0.500 N1 = 1.80100 .nu.1 = 46.54r2 = 5.757 d2 = 0.700r3 = 6.528 d3 = 1.450 N2 = 1.83350 .nu.2 = 21.00r4 = 14.092 d4 = 5.831.about.3.163.about.0.427r5 = .infin. (Flare Cutter S) d5 = 1.308r6* = 3.715 d6 = 1.250 N3 = 1.57885 .nu.3 = 69.57r7* = -63.854 d7 = 0.100r8 = 308.501 d8 = 0.981 N4 = 1.84666 .nu.4 = 23.82r9 = 4.385 d9 = 0.435r10 = 8.637 d10 = 1.095 N5 = 1.65446 .nu.5 = 33.86r11 = -7.370 d11 = 0.569r12 = .infin. (Aperture Stop A) d12 = 3.351.about.1.809.about.1.784r13* = -18.214 d13 = 1.000 N6 = 1.58340 .nu.6 = 30.23r14 = -6.471 d14 = 1.000r15 = -3.812 d15 = 0.310 N7 = 1.78831 .nu.7 = 47.32r16 = -21.539 d16 = 0.200.about.7.111.about.15.172r17 = .infin. d17 = 4.000 N8 = 1.51680 .nu.8 = 64.20r18 = .infin. d18 = 0.200r19 = .infin. d19 = 0.800 N9 = 1.77250 .nu.9 = 49.77r20 = -11.111 .SIGMA.d = 25.079.about.27.779.about.33.079______________________________________�Aspherical Coefficients of 6th Surface (r6)!.epsilon. = 1.0000A4 = -0.81615 .times. 10.sup.-3A6 = 0.84500 .times. 10.sup.-4A8 = -0.77756 .times. 10.sup.-4A10 = 0.13292 .times. 10.sup.-4A12 = -0.12185 .times. 10.sup.-5�Aspherical Coefficients of 7th Surface (r7)!.epsilon. = 1.0000A4 = 0.18470 .times. 10.sup.-2A6 = -0.10277 .times. 10.sup.-4A8 = -0.47766 .times. 10.sup.-4A10 = 0.82440 .times. 10.sup.-5A12 = -0.84956 .times. 10.sup.-6�Aspherical Coefficients of 13th Surface (r13)!.epsilon. = 1.0000A4 = 0.12450 .times. 10.sup.-2A6 = -0.17142 .times. 10.sup.-3A8 = 0.58540 .times. 10.sup.-4A10 = -0.64512 .times. 10.sup.-5A12 = 0.35323 .times. 10.sup.-6______________________________________
TABLE 2______________________________________<<Construction Data of Example 2>>f = 8.1.about.11.3.about.15.6FNO = 3.62.about.4.68.about.5.86Radius of Axial Refractive AbbeCurvature Distance Index Numher______________________________________r1 = -276.988 d1 = 0.800 N1 = 1.80100 .nu.1 = 46.54r2 = 8.848 d2 = 1.100r3 = 8.297 d3 = 2.000 N2 = 1.83400 .nu.2 = 37.05r4 = 12.519 d4 = 6.600.about.4.452.about.1.924r5 = .infin. (Flare Cutter S) d5 = 0.200r6 = 2.680 d6 = 1.900 N3 = 1.48749 .nu.3 = 70.44r7 = -10.547 d7 = 0.160r8* = -5.032 d8 = 0.797 N4 = 1.84666 .nu.4 = 23.82r9* = -9.935 d9 = 0.398r10 = .infin. (Aperture Stop A) d10 = 2.279.about.1.292.about.0.900r11* = -6.671 d11 = 0.640 N5 = 1.58340 .nu.5 = 30.23r12* = -7.249 d12 = 1.500r13 = -2.938 d13 = 0.300 N6 = 1.51823 .nu.6 = 58.96r14 = -7.236 d14 = 0.200.about.3.336.about.6.255r15 = .infin. d15 = 1.500 N7 = 1.51680 .nu.7 = 64.20r16 = .infin. d16 = 0.200r17 = .infin. d17 = 1.900 N8 = 1.64050 .nu.8 = 60.08r18 = -7.407 .SIGMA.d = 22.474.about.22.474.about.22.474______________________________________�Aspherical Coefficients of 8th Surface (r8)!.epsilon. = 1.0000A4 = 0.44421 .times. 10.sup.-2A6 = 0.14294 .times. 10.sup.-2A8 = -0.10774 .times. 10.sup.-3A10 = -0.13632 .times. 10.sup.-4�Aspherical Coefficients of 9th Surface (r9)!.epsilon. = 1.0000A4 = 0.93343 .times. 10.sup.-2A6 = 0.17133 .times. 10.sup.-2A8 = 0.17999 .times. 10.sup.-3A10 = 0.10903 .times. 10.sup.-4�Aspherical Coefficients of 11th Surface (r11)!.epsilon. = 1.0000A3 = 0.70260 .times. 10.sup.-3A4 = 0.11884 .times. 10.sup.-2A5 = 0.15588 .times. 10.sup.-2A6 = 0.44258 .times. 10.sup.-4A7 = -0.78636 .times. 10.sup.-4A8 = 0.14030 .times. 10.sup.-3A9 = -0.66205 .times. 10.sup.-4A10 = 0.11538 .times. 10.sup.-4A11 = 0.10503 .times. 10.sup.-6A12 = 0.12478 .times. 10.sup.-5�Aspherical Coefficients of 12th Surface (r12)!.epsilon. = 1.0000A4 = 0.25074 .times. 10.sup.-2A5 = 0.22417 .times. 10.sup.-3A6 = 0.14899 .times. 10.sup.-3A7 = 0.68389 .times. 10.sup.-5A8 = 0.24089 .times. 10.sup.-4A9 = -0.40559 .times. 10.sup.-4A10 = 0.21298 .times. 10.sup.-4A11 = -0.50301 .times. 10.sup.-6A12 = 0.15328 .times. 10.sup.-9______________________________________
TABLE 3______________________________________<<Construction Data of Example 3>>f = 8.2.about.12.5.about.20.9FNO = 3.61.about.4.95.about.6.97Radius of Axial Refractive AbbeCurvature Distance Index Numher______________________________________r1 = 82.152 d1 = 0.510 N1 = 1.85000 .nu.1 = 40.04r2 = 5.775 d2 = 0.720r3 = 6.688 d3 = 1.700 N2 = 1.84666 .nu.2 = 23.82r4 = 13.680 d4 = 7.492.about.4.574.about.0.533r5* = 3.457 d5 = 1.300 N3 = 1.57885 .nu.3 = 69.57r6* = -42.701 d6 = 0.100r7 = -69.221 d7 = 1.100 N4 = 1.84666 .nu.4 = 23.82r8 = 4.381 d8 = 0.550r9 = 8.663 d9 = 1.100 N5 = 1.68893 .nu.5 = 31.16r10 = -6.568 d10 = 0.360.about.0.360.about.0.360r11 = .infin. (Aperture Stop A) d11 = 1.252.about.0.754.about.1.023r12* = -35.090 d12 = 1.150 N6 = 1.58340 .nu.6 = 30.23r13* = -6.027 d13 = 0.940r14 = -3.416 d14 = 0.287 N7 = 1.80500 .nu.7 = 40.97r15 = 89.446 d15 = 1.500.about.4.916.about.8.687r16 = .infin. d16 = 1.800 N8 = 1.51680 .nu.8 = 64.20r17 = .infin. d17 = 0.200r18 = .infin. d18 = 1.800 N9 = 1.64050 .nu.9 = 60.08r19* = -7.362 .SIGMA.d = 23.862.about.23.862.about.23.862�Aspherical Coefficients of 5th Surface (r5)!.epsilon. = 1.0000A4 = -0.12984 .times. 10.sup.-2A6 = 0.71115 .times. 10.sup.-4A8 = -0.82696 .times. 10.sup.-4A10 = 0.14170 .times. 10.sup.-4A12 = -0.13231 .times. 10.sup.-5�Aspherical Coefficients of 6th Surface (r6)!.epsilon. = 1.0000A4 = 0.22699 .times. 10.sup.-2A6 = 0.95246 .times. 10.sup.-5A8 = -0.49897 .times. 10.sup.-4A10 = 0.88097 .times. 10.sup.-5A12 = -0.92206 .times. 10.sup.-6�Aspherical Coefficients of 12th Surface (r12)!.epsilon. = 1.0000A4 = 0.10377 .times. 10.sup.-2A6 = -0.20000 .times. 10.sup.-3A8 = 0.61465 .times. 10.sup.-4A10 = -0.68328 .times. 10.sup.-5A12 = 0.39082 .times. 10.sup.-6�Aspherical Coefficients of 13th Surface (r13)!.epsilon. = 1.0000A4 = -0.44632 .times. 10.sup.-3A6 = 0.64726 .times. 10.sup.-5A8 = -0.14339 .times. 10.sup.-5A10 = -0.14809 .times. 10.sup.-6A12 = -0.10771 .times. 10.sup.-4�Aspherical Coefficients of 19th Surface (r19)!.epsilon. = 1.0000A4 = 0.53029 .times. 10.sup.-5A6 = 0.48264 .times. 10.sup.-9A8 = -0.24088 .times. 10.sup.-9A10 = -0.16001 .times. 10.sup.-12______________________________________
TABLE 4______________________________________<<Construction Data of Example 4>>f = 8.2.about.15.0.about.27.0FNO = 4.12.about.6.10.about.8.24Radius of Axial Refractive AbbeCurvature Distance Index Numher______________________________________r1 = 61.286 d1 = 0.500 N1 = 1.85026 .nu.1 = 32.15r2 = 5.674 d2 = 0.700r3 = 5.772 d3 = 1.450 N2 = 1.833.50 .nu.2 = 21.00r4 = 9.728 d4 = 5.530.about.2.562.about.-0.690r5 = .infin. (Flare Cutter S) d5 = 1.308r6* = 3.854 d6 = 1.400 N3 = 1.57885 .nu.3 = 69.57r7* = 36.943 d7 = 0.150r8 = -242.891 d8 = 1.000 N4 = 1.84666 .nu.4 = 23.82r9 = 5.382 d9 = 0.800r10 = 11.410 d10 = 1.095 N5 = 1.77551 .nu.5 = 37.90r11 = -7.925 d11 = 0.569r12 = .infin. (Aperture Stop A) d12 = 3.409.about.0.800.about.0.318r13* = -17.062 d13 = 1.000 N6 = 1.58340 .nu.6 = 30.23r14 = -6.331 d14 = 1.000r15 = -3.656 d15 = 0.400 N7 = 1.78831 .nu.7 = 47.32r16 = -11.396 d16 = 0.200.about.8.477.about.17.510r17 = .infin. d17 = 4.000 N8 = 1.51680 .nu.8 = 64.20r18 = .infin. d18 = 0.200r19 = .infin. d19 = 0.800 N9 = 1.77250 .nu.9 = 49.77r20 = -11.111 .SIGMA.d = 25.510.about.28.210.about.33.510�Aspherical Coefficients of 6th Surface (r6)!.epsilon. = 1.0000A4 = -0.81615 .times. 10.sup.-3A6 = 0.84500 .times. 10.sup.-4A8 = -0.77756 .times. 10.sup.-4A10 = 0.13292 .times. 10.sup.-4A12 = -0.12185 .times. 10.sup.-5�Aspherical Coefficients of 7th Surface (r7)!.epsilon. = 1.0000A4 = 0.18470 .times. 10.sup.-2A6 = -0.10277 .times. 10.sup.-4A8 = -0.47766 .times. 10.sup.-4A10 = 0.82440 .times. 10.sup.-5A12 = -0.84956 .times. 10.sup.-6�Aspherical Coefficients of 13th Surface (r13)!.epsilon. = 1.0000A4 = 0.12339 .times. 10.sup.-2A6 = -0.17143 .times. 10.sup.-3A8 = 0.58540 .times. 10.sup.-4A10 = -0.64512 .times. 10.sup.-5A12 = 0.35323 .times. 10.sup.-6�Aspherical Coefficients of 20th Surface (r20)!.epsilon. = 1.0000A4 = 0.35835 .times. 10.sup.-4A6 = 0.42444 .times. 10.sup.-7A8 = 0.48649 .times. 10.sup.-4A10 = 0.90623 .times. 10.sup.-9A12 = 0.28186 .times. 10.sup.-15�Values of Condition (8) on 20th Surface (r20) (Gr4)!y = 0.3200 . . . PW .multidot. (N'--N) .multidot. {x(y) - x(0)} = -0.2523.times. 10.sup.-6y = 0.6400 . . . PW .multidot. (N'--N) .multidot. {x(y) - x(0)} = -0.2020.times. 10.sup.-5y = 0.9600 . . . PW .multidot. (N'--N) .multidot. {x(y) - x(0)} = -0.6823.times. 10.sup.-5y = 1.2800 . . . PW .multidot. (N'--N) .multidot. {x(y) - x(0)} = -0.1620.times. 10.sup.-4y = 1.6000 . . . PW .multidot. (N'--N) .multidot. {x(y) - x(0)} = -0.3171.times. 10.sup.-4y = 1.9200 . . . PW .multidot. (N'--N) .multidot. {x(y) - x(0)} = -0.5502.times. 10.sup.-4y = 2.2400 . . . PW .multidot. (N'--N) .multidot. {x(y) - x(0)} = -0.8800.times. 10.sup.-4y = 2.5600 . . . PW .multidot. (N'--N) .multidot. {x(y) - x(0)} = -0.1330.times. 10.sup.-3y = 2.8800 . . . PW .multidot. (N'--N) .multidot. {x(y) - x(0)} = -0.1933.times. 10.sup.-3y = 3.2000 . . . PW .multidot. (N'--N) .multidot. {x(y) - x(0)} = -0.2741.times. 10.sup.-3______________________________________
TABLE 5______________________________________<<Construction Data of Example 5>>f = 8.1.about.11.3.about.15.6FNO = 3.62.about.4.68.about.5.84Radius of Axial Refractive AbbeCurvature Distance Index Numher______________________________________r1 = -276.988 d1 = 0.800 N1 = 1.80100 .nu.1 = 46.54r2 = 8.261 d2 = 1.100r3 = 8.148 d3 = 2.000 N2 = 1.83400 .nu.2 = 37.05r4 = 13.054 d4 = 6.600.about.4.449.about.1.913r5 = .infin. (Flare Cutter S) d5 = 0.200r6 = 2.702 d6 = 1.900 N3 = 1.48749 .nu.3 = 70.44r7 = -11.331 d7 = 0.160r8* = -5.210 d8 = 0.797 N4 = 1.84666 .nu.4 = 23.82r9* = -10.540 d9 = 0.398r10 = .infin. (Aperture Stop A) d10 = 2.492.about.1.411.about.0.999r11* = -6.671 d11 = 0.640 N5 = 1.58340 .nu.5 = 30.23r12* = -6.805 d12 = 1.500r13 = -2.938 d13 = 0.300 N6 = 1.51823 .nu.6 = 58.96r14 = -7.065 d14 = 0.200.about.3.432.about.6.379r15 = .infin. d15 = 1.500 N7 = 1.51680 .nu.7 = 64.20r16 = .infin. d16 = 0.200r17 = .infin. d17 = 2.000 N8 = 1.64050 .nu.8 = 60.08r18* = -7.143 .SIGMA.d = 22.787.about.22.787.about.22.787�Aspherical Coefficients of 8th Surface (r8)!.epsilon. = 1.0000A4 = 0.44482 .times. 10.sup.-2A6 = 0.14294 .times. 10.sup.-2A8 = -0.10774 .times. 10.sup.-3A10 = -0.13632 .times. 10.sup.-4�Aspherical Coefficients of 9th Surface (r9)!.epsilon. = 1.0000A4 = 0.93351 .times. 10.sup.-2A6 = 0.17133 .times. 10.sup.-2A8 = 0.17999 .times. 10.sup.-3A10 = 0.10903 .times. 10.sup.-4�Aspherical Coefficients of 11th Surface (r11)!.epsilon. = 1.0000A3 = 0.70260 .times. 10.sup.-3A4 = 0.11883 .times. 10.sup.-2A5 = 0.15588 .times. 10.sup.-2A6 = 0.44261 .times. 10.sup.-4A7 = -0.78636 .times. 10.sup.-4A8 = 0.14030 .times. 10.sup.-3A9 = -0.66205 .times. 10.sup.-4A10 = 0.11538 .times. 10.sup.-4A11 = 0.10503 .times. 10.sup.-6A12 = 0.12478 .times. 10.sup.-5�Aspherical Coefficients of 12th Surface (r12)!.epsilon. = 1.0000A4 = 0.25075 .times. 10.sup.-2A5 = 0.22412 .times. 10.sup.-3A6 = 0.14899 .times. 10.sup.-3A7 = 0.68380 .times. 10.sup.-5A8 = 0.24088 .times. 10.sup.-4A9 = -0.40559 .times. 10.sup.-4A10 = 0.21298 .times. 10.sup.-4A11 = -0.50301 .times. 10.sup.-5A12 = 0.15328 .times. 10.sup.-9�Aspherical Coefficients of 18th Surface (r18)!.epsilon. = 1.0000A4 = 0.19302 .times. 10.sup.-5A6 =-0.16768 .times. 10.sup.-7A8 = -0.96374 .times. 10.sup.-10A10 = -0.32959 .times. 10.sup.-12�Values of Condition (8) on 18th Surface (r18) (Gr4)!y = 0.3500 . . . PW .multidot. (N'--N) .multidot. {x(y) - x(0)} = -0.1898.times. 10.sup.-7y = 0.7000 . . . PW .multidot. (N'--N) .multidot. {x(y) - x(0)} = -0.1511.times. 10.sup.-6y = 1.0500 . . . PW .multidot. (N'--N) .multidot. {x(y) - x(0)} = -0.5059.times. 10.sup.-6y = 1.4000 . . . PW .multidot. (N'--N) .multidot. {x(y) - x(0)} = -0.1185.times. 10.sup.-5y = 1.7500 . . . PW .multidot. (N'--N) .multidot. {x(y) - x(0)} = -0.2279.times. 10.sup.-5y = 2.1000 . . . PW .multidot. (N'--N) .multidot. {x(y) - x(0)} = -0.3863.times. 10.sup.-5y = 2.4500 . . . PW .multidot. (N'--N) .multidot. {x(y) - x(0)} = -0.5987.times. 10.sup.-5y = 2.8000 . . . PW .multidot. (N'--N) .multidot. {x(y) - x(0)} = -0.8678.times. 10.sup.-5y = 3.1500 . . . PW .multidot. (N'--N) .multidot. {x(y) - x(0)} = -0.1193.times. 10.sup.-4y = 3.5000 . . . PW .multidot. (N'--N) .multidot. {x(y) - x(0)} = -0.1568.times. 10.sup.-4______________________________________
TABLE 6______________________________________<<Construction Data of Example 6>>f = 6.1.about.10.7.about.14.6FNO = 2.87.about.2.87.about.2.87Radius of Axial Refractive AbbeCurvature Distance Index Numher______________________________________r1 = 74.634 d1 = 1.150 N1 = 1.58913 .nu.1 = 61.11r2 = -43.128 d2 = 0.043r3 = 19.757 d3 = 0.384 N2 = 1.71300 .nu.2 = 53.94r4* = 6.804 d4 = 1.898r5 = -46.090 d5 = 0.600 N3 = 1.70154 .nu.3 = 41.15r6 = -30.433 d6 = 0.426r7 = -13.558 d7 = 0.320 N4 = 1.77250 .nu.4 = 49.62r8 = 11.276 d8 = 0.331r9 = 12.839 d9 = 1.100 N5 = 1.84666 .nu.5 = 23.83r10 = 102.052 d10 = 8.465.about.2.542.about.0.640r11 = .infin. (Flare Cutter S) d11 = 0.107r12 = 17.415 d12 = 0.256 N6 = 1.84666 .nu.6 = 23.82r13 = 8.744 d13 = 2.000 N7 = 1.67000 .nu.7 = 57.07r14 = -21.322 d14 = 0.032r15 = 11.405 d15 = 0.256 N8 = 1.84666 .nu.8 = 23.82r16 = 7.416 d16 = 1.500 N9 = 1.69680 .nu.9 = 56.47r17 = 34.819 d17 = 0.032r18 = 9.180 d18 = 1.200 N10 = 1.69100 .nu.10 = 54.75r19 = 29.626 d19 = 0.426.about.2.082.about.3.219r20 = .infin. (Aperture Stop A) d20 = 0.299r21 = -231.114 d21 = 0.682 N11 = 1.75520 .nu.11 = 27.51r22 = -6.563 d22 = 0.243 N12 = 1.60311 .nu.12 = 60.74r23 = 8.031 d23 = 0.981r24 = -5.487 d24 = 0.213 N13 = 1.61800 .nu.13 = 63.39r25* = -26.911 d25 = 2.093.about.0.904.about.0.171r26 = 70.009 d26 = 0.213 N14 = 1.84666 .nu.14 = 23.82r27 = 9.638 d27 = 0.182r28 = 11.871 d28 = 1.800 N15 = 1.77250 .nu.15 = 49.77r29* = -6.346 d29 = 0.032r30 = 11.539 d30 = 2.100 N16 = 1.51742 .nu.16 = 52.15r31 = -5.019 d31 = 0.213 N17 = 1.83400 .nu.17 = 37.05r32 = 4946.087 d32 = 1.500.about.3.329.about.4.914r33 = .infin. d33 = 4.000 N18 = 1.51680 .nu.18 = 64.20r34 = .infin. d34 = 1.000r35 = .infin. d35 = 2.000 N19 = 1.51680 .nu.19 = 64.20r36 = -22.222 .SIGMA.d = 38.046.about.34.419.about.34.507�Aspherical Coefficients of 4th Surface (r4)!.epsilon. = 1.0000A4 = -0.10011 .times. 10.sup.-3A6 = 0.31421 .times. 10.sup.-5A8 = -0.24188 .times. 10.sup.-6A10 = 0.10941 .times. 10.sup.-7A12 = -0.27866 .times. 10.sup.-9�Aspherical Coefficients of 25th Surface (r25)!.epsilon. = 1.0000A4 = 0.26215 .times. 10.sup.-4A6 = 0.11503 .times. 10.sup.-4A8 = 0.29046 .times. 10.sup.-5A10 = -0.49935 .times. 10.sup.-6A12 = 0.40222 .times. 10.sup.-7�Aspherical Coefficients of 29th Surface (r29)!.epsilon. = 1.0000A4 = 0.11456 .times. 10.sup.-3A6 = -0.71256 .times. 10.sup.-5A8 = -0.35526 .times. 10.sup.-6A10 = 0.91826 .times. 10-7A12 = -0.91325 .times. 10.sup.-8______________________________________
TABLE 7______________________________________<<Construction Data of Example 7>>f = 6.1.about.10.7.about.14.6FNO = 2.83.about.2.83.about.2.83Radius of Axial Refractive AbbeCurvature Distance Index Numher______________________________________r1 = -66.552 d1 = 0.787 N1 = 1.58913 .nu.1 = 61.11r2 = 139.748 d2 = 0.100r3 = 10.614 d3 = 0.300 N2 = 1.71300 .nu.2 = 53.94r4* = 7.465 d4 = 1.782r5 = -33.623 d5 = 0.919 N3 = 1.70154 .nu.3 = 41.15r6 = -14.039 d6 = 0.113r7 = -11.031 d7 = 0.500 N4 = 1.77250 .nu.4 = 49.62r8 = 9.179 d8 = 0.210*r9 = 10.361 d9 = 0.700 N5 = 1.84666 .nu.5 = 23.83r10 = 48.117 d10 = 7.987.about.1.982.about.0.102r11 = .infin. (Flare Cutter S) d11 = 0.100r12 = 18.496 d12 = 0.500 N6 = 1.84666 .nu.6 = 23.82r13 = 8.406 d13 = 1.222 N7 = 1.67000 .nu.7 = 57.07r14 = -20.334 d14 = 0.100r15 = 10.373 d15 = 0.500 N8 = 1.84666 .nu.8 = 23.82r16 = 6.672 d16 = 1.041 N9 = 1.69680 .nu.9 = 56.47r17 = 42.664 d17 = 0.100r18 = 8.498 d18 = 0.741 N10 = 1.69100 .nu.10 = 54.75r19 = 20.536 d19 = 0.801.about.2.215.about.3.184r20 = .infin. (Aperture Stop A) d20 = 0.700r21 = 65.843 d21 = 0.760 N11 = 1.75520 .nu.11 = 27.51r22 = -6.562 d22 = 0.629 N12 = 1.60311 .nu.12 = 60.74r23 = 6.958 d23 = 0.680r24 = -7.402 d24 = 0.300 N13 = 1.61800 .nu.13 = 63.39r25* = -142.093 d25 = 1.929.about.0.708.about.0.100r26 = 45.557 d26 = 0.300 N14 = 1.84666 .nu.14 = 23.82r27 = 7.160 d27 = 0.131r28 = 7.848 d28 = 1.868 N15 = 1.77250 .nu.15 = 49.77r29* = -9.057 d29 = 0.100r30 = 6.729 d30 = 1.700 N16 = 1.51742 .nu.16 = 52.15r31 = -6.506 d31 = 0.300 N17 = 1.83400 .nu.17 = 37.05r32 = 40.916 d32 = 0.100.about.2.441.about.4.340r33 = d33 = 4.000 N18 = 1.51680 .nu.18 = 64.20r34 = .infin. d34 = 0.500r35 = .infin. d35 = 2.000 N19 = 1.51680 .nu.19 = 64.20r36* = -23.000 .SIGMA.d = 34.500.about.31.029.about.31.409�Aspherical Coefficients of 4th Surface (r4)!.epsilon. = 1.0000A4 = -0.18478 .times. 10.sup.-3A6 = -0.25479 .times. 10.sup.-5A8 = -0.30428 .times. 10.sup.-6A10 = 0.17274 .times. 10.sup.-7A12 = -0.67789 .times. 10.sup.-9�Aspherical Coefficients of 25th Surface (r25)!.epsilon. = 1.0000A4 = -0.11317 .times. 10.sup.-3A6 = 0.79756 .times. 10.sup.-5A8 = 0.33989 .times. 10.sup.-5A10 = -0.43611 .times. 10.sup.-6A12 = 0.34170 .times. 10.sup.-7�Aspherical Coefficients of 29th Surface (r29)!.epsilon. = 1.0000A4 = 0.17682 .times. 10.sup.-3A6 = -0.94586 .times. 10.sup.-5A8 = -0.65417 .times. 10.sup.-6A10 = 0.22065 .times. 10.sup.-7A12 = 0.13614 .times. 10.sup.-8�Aspherical Coeff1cjents of 36th Surface (r36)!.epsilon. = 1.0000A4 = 0.96016 .times. 10.sup.-2A6 = -0.10340 .times. 10.sup.-2A8 = 0.76919 .times. 10.sup.-5A10 = 0.10775 .times. 10.sup.-5A12 = 0.36429 .times. 10.sup.-7�Values of Condition (16) on 36th Surface (r36) (Gr5)!y = 0.3300 . . . PW .multidot. (N'--N) .multidot. {x(y) - x(0)} = -0.1575.times. 10.sup.-4y = 0.6600 . . . PW .multidot. (N'--N) .multidot. {x(y) - x(0)} = -0.1192.times. 10.sup.-3y = 0.9900 . . . PW .multidot. (N'--N) .multidot. {x(y) - x(0)} = -0.3650.times. 10.sup.-3y = 1.3200 . . . PW .multidot. (N'--N) .multidot. {x(y) - x(0)} = -0.7437.times. 10.sup.-3y = 1.6500 . . . PW .multidot. (N'--N) .multidot. {x(y) - x(0)} = -0.1159.times. 10.sup.-2y = 1.9800 . . . PW .multidot. (N'--N) .multidot. {x(y) - x(0)} = -0.1423.times. 10.sup.-2y = 2.3100 . . . PW .multidot. (N'--N) .multidot. {x(y) - x(0)} = -0.1295.times. 10.sup.-2y = 2.6400 . . . PW .multidot. (N'--N) .multidot. {x(y) - x(0)} = -0.6058.times. 10.sup.-3y = 2.9700 . . . PW .multidot. (N'--N) .multidot. {x(y) - x(0)} = 0.4529.times. 10.sup.-3y = 3.3000 . . . PW .multidot. (N'--N) .multidot. {x(y) - x(0)} = 0.7486.times. 10.sup.-3______________________________________
TABLE 8______________________________________<<Construction Data of Example 8>>f = 5.1.about.8.8.about.14.5FNO = 3.60.about.3.96.about.4.60Radius of Axial Refractive AbbeCurvature Distance Index Numher______________________________________r1 = 18.854 d1 = 0.160 N1 = 1.77250 .nu.1 = 49.77r2* = 5.770 d2 = 1.042r3 = 10.890 d3 = 0.160 N2 = 1.80741 .nu.2 = 31.59r4 = 10.646 d4 = 0.100r5 = 10.738 d5 = 0.160 N3 = 1.77250 .nu.3 = 49.77r6 = 7.772 d6 = 0.623r7 = 7.776 d7 = 0.854 N4 = 1.84666 .nu.4 = 23.83r8 = 14.154 d8 = 14.789.about.4.776.about.0.100r9 = 6.775 d9 = 0.160 N5 = 1.83400 .nu.5 = 37.05*r10 = 3.433 d10 = 1.228 N6 = 1.69680 .nu.6 = 56.47r11 = -9.445 d11 = 0.160 N7 = 1.75000 .nu.7 = 25.14r12 = -68.305 d12 = 0.100r13 = 4.158 d13 = 1.880 N8 = 1.61800 .nu.8 = 63.39r14 = 4.709 d14 = 0.124.about.0.689.about.1.510r15 = .infin. (Aperture Stop A) d15 = 0.151r16 = -11.068 d16 = 0.321 N9 = 1.80518 .nu.9 = 25.43r17 = -3.570 d17 = 0.160 N10 = 1.74950 .nu.10 = 50.00r18 = 5.723 d18 = 0.881.about.1.020.about.0.407r19 = 6.511 d19 = 1.051 N11 = 1.67100 .nu.11 = 51.73r20 = -4.877 d20 = 0.100r21 = 6.831 d21 = 0.730 N12 = 1.67000 .nu.12 = 57.07r22 = 56.469 d22 = 0.406r23 = -3.881 d23 = 0.160 N13 = 1.75520 .nu.13 = 27.51r24 = 19.942 d24 = 0.500.about.1.886.about.3.716r25 = .infin. d25 = 4.000 N14 = 1.51680 .nu.14 = 64.20r26 = .infin. d26 = 0.500r27 = .infin. d27 = 2.000 N15 = 1.51680 .nu.15 = 64.20r28* = -4.000 .SIGMA.d = 32.500.about.24.575.about.21.939�Aspherical Coefficients of 2nd Surface (r2)!.epsilon. = 1.0000A4 = -0.19255 .times. 10.sup.-3A6 = -0.12851 .times. 10.sup.-4A8 = 0.26328 .times. 10.sup.-6A10 = -0.60770 .times. 10.sup.-8A12 = -0.36334 .times. 10.sup.-9�Aspherical Coefficients of 28th Surface (r28)!.epsilon. = 1.0000A4 = 0.15312 .times. 10.sup.-4A6 = -0.14818 .times. 10.sup.-2A8 = 0.64907 .times. 10.sup.-4�Values of Condition (16) on 28th Surface (r28) (Gr5)!y = 0.3500 . . . PW .multidot. (N'--N) .multidot. {x(y) - x(0)} = -0.1722.times. 10.sup.-3y = 0.7000 . . . PW .multidot. (N'--N) .multidot. {x(y) - x(0)} = -0.1306.times. 10.sup.-2y = 1.0500 . . . PW .multidot. (N'--N) .multidot. {x(y) - x(0)} = -0.4025.times. 10.sup.-2y = 1.4000 . . . PW .multidot. (N'--N) .multidot. {x(y) - x(0)} = -0.8395.times. 10.sup.-3y = 1.7500 . . . PW .multidot. (N'--N) .multidot. {x(y) - x(0)} = -0.1392.times. 10.sup.-2y = 2.1000 . . . PW .multidot. (N'--N) .multidot. {x(y) - x(0)} = -0.1987.times. 10.sup.-2y = 2.4500 . . . PW .multidot. (N'--N) .multidot. {x(y) - x(0)} = -0.2611.times. 10.sup.-2y = 2.8000 . . . PW .multidot. (N'--N) .multidot. {x(y) - x(0)} = -0.3439.times. 10.sup.-3y = 3.1500 . . . PW .multidot. (N'--N) .multidot. {x(y) - x(0)} = -0.5041.times. 10.sup.-3y = 3.5000 . . . PW .multidot. (N'--N) .multidot. {x(y) - x(0)} = -0.8662.times. 10.sup.-3______________________________________
TABLE 9______________________________________<<Construction Data of Example 9>>f = 5.1.about.8.8.about.14.5FNO = 3.60.about.3.96.about.4.60Radius of Axial Refractive AbbeCurvature Distance Index Numher______________________________________r1 = 20.037 d1 = 0.150 N1 = 1.77250 .nu.1 = 49.77r2* = 5.811 d2 = 1.774r3 = 7.548 d3 = 0.150 N2 = 1.77250 .nu.2 = 49.77r4 = 6.187 d4 = 0.100r5 = 6.246 d5 = 0.862 N3 = 1.84666 .nu.3 = 23.83r6 = 9.239 d6 = 13.505.about.4.280.about.0.100r7 = 7.048 d7 = 0.150 N4 = 1.83400 .nu.4 = 37.05r8 = 3.275 d8 = 1.276 N5 = 1.69680 .nu.5 = 56.47r9 = -8.844 d9 = 0.150 N6 = 1.75000 .nu.6 = 25.14r10 = -31.870 d10 = 0.100r11 = 3.561 d11 = 1.854 N7 = 1.61800 .nu.7 = 63.39r12 = 3.522 d12 = 0.143.about.0.665.about.1.430r13 = .infin. (Aperture Stop A) d13 = 0.202r14 = -7.505 d14 = 0.315 N8 = 1.80518 .nu.8 = 25.43r15 = -2.963 d15 = 0.450 N9 = 1.74950 .nu.9 = 50.00r16 = 6.113 d16 = 0.809.about.0.706.about.0.100r17 = 6.466 d17 = 0.703 N10 = 1.67100 .nu.10 = 51.73r18 = -4.099 d18 = 0.100r19 = 6.630 d19 = 0.478 N11 = 1.67000 .nu.11 = 57.07r20 = -321.288 d20 = 0.379r21 = -3.609 d21 = 0.150 N12 = 1.75520 .nu.12 = 27.51r22 = 23.645 d22 = 0.500.about.1.886.about.3.716r23 = .infin. d23 = 4.000 N13 = 1.51680 .nu.13 = 64.20r24 = .infin. d24 = 0.500r25 = .infin. d25 = 2.000 N14 = 1.51680 .nu.14 = 64.20r2.6* = -4.000 .SIGMA.d =30.500.about.23.081.about.20.890�Aspherical Coefficients of 2nd Surface (r2)!.epsilon. = 1.0000A4 = -0.11744 .times. 10.sup.-3A6 = -0.11084 .times. 10.sup.-4A8 = 0.13491 .times. 10.sup.-6A10 = -0.12471 .times. 10.sup.-8A12 = -0.36737 .times. 10.sup.-9�Aspherical Coefficients of 26th Surface (r26)!.epsilon. = 1.0000A4 = 0.13532 .times. 10.sup.-1A6 = -0.11449 .times. 10.sup.-2A8 = 0.49295 .times. 10.sup.-4�Values of Condition (16) on 26th Surface (r26) (Gr5)!y = 0.3500 . . . PW .multidot. (N'--N) .multidot. {x(y) - x(0)} = -0.1526.times. 10.sup.-3y = 0.7000 . . . PW .multidot. (N'--N) .multidot. {x(y) - x(0)} = -0.1165.times. 10.sup.-2y = 1.0500 . . . PW .multidot. (N'--N) .multidot. {x(y) - x(0)} = -0.3636.times. 10.sup.-2y = 1.4000 . . . PW .multidot. (N'--N) .multidot. {x(y) - x(0)} = -0.7728.times. 10.sup.-2y = 1.7500 . . . PW .multidot. (N'--N) .multidot. {x(y) - x(0)} = -0.1317.times. 10.sup.-1y = 2.1000 . . . PW .multidot. (N'--N) .multidot. {x(y) - x(0)} = -0.1948.times. 10.sup.-1y = 2.4500 . . . PW .multidot. (N'--N) .multidot. {x(y) - x(0)} = -0.2662.times. 10.sup.-1y = 2.8000 . . . PW .multidot. (N'--N) .multidot. {x(y) - x(0)} = -0.3593.times. 10.sup.-1y = 3.1500 . . . PW .multidot. (N'--N) .multidot. {x(y) - x(0)} = -0.5175.times. 10.sup.-1y = 3.5000 . . . PW .multidot. (N'--N) .multidot. {x(y) - x(0)} = -0.8348.times. 10.sup.-1______________________________________
TABLE 10__________________________________________________________________________<<Values Corresponding to Conditions (1) to (7)>>Cond. Emb. 1 Emb. 2 Emb. 3 Emb. 4 Emb. 5__________________________________________________________________________(1) .phi.1/.phi.C -1.16562 -0.63433 -0.75199 -1.00437 -0.62754(2) .phi.2/.phi.C 1.99199 1.77032 1.77038 1.93890 1.67090(3) .phi.3/.phi.C -1.47592 -1.27888 -1.69844 -1.13079 -1.14339(4) LBW/Y'max 0.7323 1.0373 1.6978 1.2184 1.0171 (Y'max = 3.0000)(5) bw/aw 1.7387 2.5495 1.9191 2.2602 2.7825(6) .phi.2/.phi.T 3.73932 2.38185 3.21754 3.63966 2.33135(7) .phi.3/.phi.T -2.77055 -1.72065 -3.08679 -2.12269 -1.59534__________________________________________________________________________
TABLE 11______________________________________<<Values Corresponding to Conditions (9) to (15)>>Cond. Emb 6 Emb. 7 Emb. 8 Emb. 9______________________________________(9) .phi.1/.phi.C -4.67825 -4.71247 -0.51600 -0.51600(10) .phi.2/.phi.C 6.02336 6.39278 1.07205 2.06556(11) .phi.3/.phi.C -6.40340 -5.82258 -1.47287 -1.65620(12) .phi.4/.phi.C 4.72886 4.76885 1.25944 1.46488(13) LBW/Y'max 1.6060 1.6871 1.8301 1.8301 (Y'max = 3.0000)(14) bw/aw 1.4986 0.9259 2.5988 2.0913(15) .phi.2/.phi.W 0.85729 0.87908 0.70223 0.71976______________________________________

Number	Date	Country	Kind
9-269670	Oct 1997	JPX
9-269673	Oct 1997	JPX

Number	Name	Date
4477148	Tsuji et al.	Oct 1984
5009491	Hata	Apr 1991
5682203	Kato	Oct 1997
5805350	Yamamoto	Sep 1998
5872660	Kohno et al.	Feb 1999

Taking optical system for video shooting

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