Patent Application
20120010587
This application claims priority to and the benefit of European Patent Application No. EP10169007.1, filed on Jul. 9, 2010 in the European Patent Office. The disclosure of the foregoing application is incorporated herein in its entirety by reference.
1. Field
The present disclosure relates generally to a tampon, and more particularly, a tampon for feminine hygiene, disposed with indentations exclusively between the longitudinal grooves.
2. Description of the Related Art
Cylindrical shaped tampons are known having ribs defined by longitudinal grooves, as described, for example, in WO 02/078586, EP 0 422 660, US 2002/0157222, U.S. Pat. No. 5,592,725, U.S. Pat. No. 5,895,408, EP 1 108 408, US 2003/0208180, WO 00/53141, EP 0 639 363 and WO 2009/129910.
Tampons of the prior art by the nature of the design tend to have a limited absorbent and expansion capacity. Furthermore, prior to insertion into the body cavity and during use, the tampons of the prior art can feel uncomfortable.
There is a need for a new design of tampon, a device for its manufacture and a method therefore which overcomes the problems of the prior art.
One embodiment relates to a tampon for feminine hygiene having a longitudinal body showing in compressed condition a length and a width, wherein said tampon comprises compressed absorbent fibrous material and has an outer circumferential surface which is provided with longitudinal grooves that are separated from each other by longitudinal ribs, characterised in that it further comprises a plurality of discrete indentations arranged in the longitudinal direction and flanked by two longitudinal grooves, at least one indentation being spatially separated from the flanking longitudinal grooves.
Another embodiment relates to a tampon as described above, wherein at least one, preferably each and every indentation has the shape approximately of a chevron (v-shaped), straight-edged slot, undulating, star, cross, diamond, circular, oval, triangle, rectangle, pentagon, hexagon, heptagon, octagon, nonagon, decagon, other polygon, or the like.
Another embodiment relates to a tampon as described above, having a mushroom-shape, domed head, constricted withdrawal end, conical withdrawal end, barrel shape, rivet shape, finger recess, withdrawal cord or a bullet shape.
Another embodiment relates to a tampon as described above, disposed in an applicator.
Another embodiment relates to a tampon as described above, wherein said longitudinal ribs are at least partially relatively uncompressed compared with the fibre core.
Another embodiment relates to a tampon as described above, provided with one or more markings on the surface.
Another embodiment relates to a tampon as described above, wherein at least one indentation is spatially separated from other adjacent indentations.
Another embodiment relates to a press that can be implemented, for example, to manufacture a tampon described herein, comprising at least three press jaws arranged in a star around a central longitudinal press axis forming a press opening, wherein there is provided on a single or separate adjacent press jaws:
Another embodiment relates to a press described above, wherein the press jaws are configured to move synchronously.
Another embodiment relates to a press described above, wherein at least one, preferably each and every PSI is in the shape of a chevron (v-shaped), straight-edged slot, undulating, star, cross, diamond, circular, oval, triangle, rectangle, pentagon, hexagon, heptagon, octagon, nonagon, decagon, or other polygon.
Another embodiment relates to a press described above, wherein the number of PSSGs disposed on a press jaw is between 3 and 7.
Another embodiment relates to a press described above, wherein the maximum height, DL, of the PSLG from the base to the tip is greater than the maximum height, DS, of the PSI from the base to the tip.
Another embodiment relates to a press described above, wherein the press jaws further comprise one or more pressing shoulders for finish shaping of the preform.
Another embodiment relates to a press described above, wherein during pressing, the pressing shoulders are configured to produce a preform having a mushroom-shape, domed head, constricted withdrawal end, conical withdrawal end, barrel shape, rivet or a bullet shape.
Another embodiment relates to a press described above, wherein:
Another embodiment relates to a press described above, wherein the press jaws in step b) are moved to a closed position in a direction approximately radial or inclined to the radius of the press axis.
Another embodiment relates to a press described above, wherein the press jaws in step c) are moved to a holding position between the closed position and open position, in which the tips of the PSIs are retracted to a greater distance from the press axis compared with the tips of the PSLGs, such that the PSIs are fully withdrawn from the preform, while contact is maintained between the preform longitudinal grooves and at least one PSLG.
Another embodiment relates to a press described above, wherein at least one indentation is spatially separated from other adjacent indentations.
Another embodiment relates to a process for manufacturing a tampon described herein having a longitudinal axis, comprising the steps:
Another embodiment relates to a process as described above, wherein the process optionally implements the press as defined above.
The appended drawings are meant to illustrate and not to limit the present inventions, and in which:
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as is commonly understood by one of skill in the art. All publications, including any United States patents and patent applications referenced herein are incorporated by reference herein in their entirety including the drawings.
The recitation of numerical ranges by endpoints includes all integer numbers and, where appropriate, fractions subsumed within that range (e.g. 1 to 5 can include 1, 2, 3, 4 when referring to, for example, a number of articles, and can also include 1.5, 2, 2.75 and 3.80, when referring to, for example, measurements). The recitation of end points also includes the end point values themselves (e.g. from 1.0 to 5.0 includes both 1.0 and 5.0).
In the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments, reference is made to the accompanying drawings that form a part hereof, and in which are shown by way of illustration only of specific embodiments in which the invention may be practiced. It is to be understood that other embodiments may be utilised and structural or logical changes may be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. The following detailed description, therefore, is not to be taken in a limiting sense, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims.
The object of the invention is to provide a new type of tampon with indentations in the space between the longitudinal grooves that convey liquid directly to the tampon core leading to faster absorption and increased availability for absorption by the longitudinal grooves.
The advantages will become clear to the persons skilled in the art from the description and the accompanying figures provided below.
With references to
The tampon 220 is at least partially provided with longitudinal ribs 226 defined by longitudinal grooves 222. The longitudinal ribs 226 are preferably straight and preferably parallel to the longitudinal axis of the tampon, however, they may, alternatively, be straight and inclined to the longitudinal axis of the tampon. The number of longitudinal ribs 226 can vary, for example depending on the diameter of the tampon and/or the type of absorption material. Preferably, there are between 4 and 12 ribs, more preferably there are between 6 and 12 ribs and even more preferably, at least four. While some embodiments may have an even number of ribs, some embodiments may include tampons with an odd number of ribs. The number of indentations 224 can vary, for example, depending on the length of the tampon and/or the type of absorption material. The number of indentations may be equal to or at least 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, or 12 for each longitudinal groove or rib. Preferably, there are between 3 and 10 indentations for each longitudinal groove 222, more preferably between 4 and 7, most preferably 4 or 5. At least one rib, preferably each and every rib is provided with side grooves.
The tampon 220 generally has a compressed, central, solid, generally cylindrical fiber core with a high degree of compression, which ensures the stability or column strength of the tampon during digital introduction of the tampon into a body cavity. The longitudinal ribs disposed with indentations are relatively less compressed than the core and have, in particular on a circumferential surface of the tampon, a softer fibrous structure. The longitudinal ribs extend approximately radially outward at equal circumferential angle intervals from this solid fiber core.
In a more preferred embodiment, the longitudinal grooves 222 are closed, at least at the circumferential surface of the tampon, as the side flanks of adjacent longitudinal ribs touch one another to form the soft, closed circumferential surface of the tampon. This circumferential surface of the tampon makes possible more gentle and, therefore, more pleasant introduction of the tampon into the body cavity.
The indentations 224 in the tampon form depressions on the tampon surface, suitable for channelling liquid into the tampon 220. Absorbency of the tampon 220 is, therefore, improved, because the surface is more open. After the introduction of the tampon into the body cavity, these indentations 224 convey the body fluid directly to the fiber core, in order to utilize its fibrous material immediately to increase the absorption capacity and expansion capacity of the tampon and to accelerate the opening of the closed longitudinal grooves 222 outward. Separating the indentations from the longitudinal grooves spatially, ensures a flow of liquid directly into the core rather than along the longitudinal groove. Therefore, the arrangement of the indentations 224 and longitudinal grooves 222 brings about an enlargement of the surface of the tampon 220 which results in the absorption capacity and expansion capacity of the fiber core being improved considerably. Further, there is a more rapid take-up of body fluid. At the same time, a reduction in the weight of fibrous material used in the tampon is thus possible, which allows more economical production of the tampon.
According to a further embodiment, the circumferential surface of the tampon and its fiber core can also be substantially cylindrical with a circular cross-section, or even an oval cross-section.
Absorbent fibrous material usable in embodiments of the tampons described herein may consist of any absorbent material having acceptable absorbency and modulus of elasticity properties that is capable of absorbing and/or retaining liquid. The absorbent structure can be manufactured in a wide variety of sizes and shapes and from a wide variety of liquid-absorbing materials. It is, of course, desirable to use absorbent materials having a minimum content of extraneous soluble materials since the product may be retained in the body for a considerable period of time, i.e. absorbent materials contain no/little unnecessary soluble matter which could dissolve and enter the body. Retained soluble extraneous materials could cause a safety hazard if they are toxic, irritant, or sensitive. A representative, non-limiting list of useful materials includes cellulosic materials, such as rayon, cotton, wood pulp, creped cellulose wadding, tissue wraps and laminates, peat moss, and chemically stiffened, modified, or cross-linked cellulosic fibres; synthetic materials, such as polyester fibres, polyolefin fibres, absorbent foams, e.g. a flexible resilient polyurethane foam, absorbent sponges, super-absorbent polymers, absorbent gelling materials; formed fibres, such as capillary channel fibres and multi limbed fibres; synthetic fibres, or any equivalent material or combinations of materials, or mixtures of these.
In one embodiment, a tampon is provided, wherein said tampon is not covered. Preferably, tampons without covering are made from pure cotton.
In a preferred embodiment, a tampon is provided, wherein said tampon is at least partially surrounded by a covering. The covering is preferably not provided over the insertion end, in order to provide better access of the menses to the insertion end of the tampon. In order to improve the absorbing capacity and expansion capacity of the tampon, said covering is preferably a stretchable or elastic liquid-permeable covering. The covering can consist of, for example, a non-woven covering material made of, for example, thermoplastic, heat sealing fibers or a plastic film. Such a covering improves the comfort of introduction and prevents fibres being detached during introduction or removal of the tampon into or from the body cavity.
A further preferred feature of the disclosed tampon is a withdrawal cord, extending from the withdrawal end of the tampon, in order to ease withdrawal of the tampon.
Also, the tampon is preferably provided with a round domed insertion end of high compression. This will make insertion of the tampon easier because the narrowed end goes deepest in the vagina.
Another embodiment comprises a tampon as described above, in which the tampon is mushroom shaped. Another embodiment comprises a tampon as described above, in which the tampon is rivet shaped. Another embodiment comprises a tampon as described above, in which the tampon is bullet shaped. Another embodiment comprises a tampon as described above, in which the tampon is barrel shaped.
A tampon may further be provided with a constricted, preferably conical withdrawal end. The conical shape is one which is preferably truncated from its point. Such conical end guides the tampon during withdrawal, so making withdrawal easier.
In a further preferred embodiment, the withdrawal end is provided with a finger recess according to any technique known in the art. This facilitates the handling and the insertion of the tampon.
The tampon has a round domed insertion end, to facilitate insertion of the tampon, and is further provided with a withdrawal cord at the withdrawal end in order to facilitate withdrawal of the tampon after use.
Furthermore, the present invention relates to tampons, which can be applied digitally, as well as to tampons that can be applied with an applicator. An applicator used to position the tampon within the vagina can be any applicator known to those skilled in the art, e.g. the telescoping tube type applicator. The applicator can be made of any of the acceptable materials, e.g. cardboard or molded polyethylene. The applicator can be sized similarly to those presently commercially used.
A tampon may optionally be provided with one or more markings on the surface. A marking may be provided by any mean means including printed using inks, or by impression. A marking may comprise any features including alpha numerals, graphic illustrations, patterns and/or photographic illustration. A marking may be, for example, information such as expiry date, absorbent capacity, use instruction, warning indications. Where a tampon is provided with information, it is an information carrier. A marking may also be advertising. A marking may provide product appeal to the user or groups of users. For example, it may comprise image, pattern, graphic or alpha numeral designed to appeal to a mind set of a user group by way of aesthetic appearance and/or life-style association (e.g. cartoons, logos etc.).
A tampon may optionally be provided in one or more colours. Colours may be printed as mentioned above, or impregnated into the material. A colour may indicate an expiry date, an absorbent capacity, a size or other information regarding the product. A colour may be designed to appeal to a mind set of a user group by way of aesthetic appearance and/or life-style association.
A further aspect can comprise a tampon provided with a chemical indicator that is capable of indicative colour change. Such indicator may show, for example, a medical condition. The chemical indicator may react within one or more agents in bodily fluids to indicate an abnormality. For example, a chemical indicator may change colour when a subject is suffering such as anaemia (by detecting iron/haemoglobin density), diabetes (by detecting glucose), position in the menstrual cycle (by detecting hormones), the presence of sexually transmitted diseases (by detecting antigens towards for example, gonorrhea, syphilis, hepatitis A, B or C, herpes, HIV, chlamydia) etc.
The indentations may have any suitable profile, for example, approximately of a chevron (v-shaped), straight-edged slot, undulating, star, cross, diamond, circular, oval, triangle, rectangle, pentagon, hexagon, heptagon, octagon, nonagon, decagon, other polygon, or the like. Each and every indentation may have the same profile, or at least two indentations may have different profiles. Profile refers to the shape of the indentation as observed on the surface of the tampon. At least one, preferably all the indentations may be spatially separated from the flanking longitudinal grooves, in which case the at least one, preferably all the indentations will be present exclusively in the longitudinal ribbed part of the tampon. By spatially separated means that the outer profile of an indentation on the surface of the tampon does not touch the outer profile of a neighbouring indentation and/or of a neighbouring longitudinal groove on the surface of the tampon. Each indentation may project towards the core of the tampon, but may not enter the core. Examples of different configurations of the indentations are given in
Some embodiments include an apparatus, specifically a press, for manufacturing the tampon described above. In the prior art, pressing machines have penetrating segments, which form longitudinal ribs defined by longitudinal grooves and which penetrate the absorbing material. Such machines are known for example from EP 0 422 660, EP 0 639 363 and WO 02/078586 which are incorporated herein by reference.
The apparatus can comprise a press having press jaws each having a pressing end and opposite thereto a back end, which jaws are arranged in a star formation with respect to the press axis and preferably, but not necessarily, at the same radial distance from the press axis at least in the open position. The pressing end of the jaws are directed towards the press axis. The jaws can be moved (i.e. advanced and/or retracted) in a common plane, towards the press axis between an open position, holding position and closed position and, in their closed position, are preferably supported on one another on their mutually opposite longitudinal sides. The movement towards the press axis may be radial or inclined with the radius of the press axis.
The jaws preferably move synchronously to provide an enhanced geometric uniformity of the longitudinal grooves, indentations and ribs. Accordingly, the integrity of the non-woven material surrounding the tampon blank is maintained. Tension is typically formed across a rib in the non-woven cover because the cover is stretched by its folding into the longitudinal grooves. The pressing of indentations into the ribs would normally cause the cover to tear. However, by simultaneously pressing the longitudinal grooves and indentations, tensions in the cover are evenly distributed. Preferably, the tampon blank is compressed such that said longitudinal ribs extend outward at equal circumferential angle intervals.
A preferred press consists of at least 3 press jaws, preferably 8 (e.g. 4 PSLG+4 PSI) press jaws. It is desirable to equip the press with an even number of press jaws (e.g. 2, 4, 6, 8), but other numbers of press jaws can be used, including odd numbers (e.g. or 3, 5, 7, 9). The number of press jaws can vary, for example depending on the weight and the composition of the material intended for the tampon and can also be smaller or greater than eight, although the number generally should not be under three. One or more penetrating segments for pressing the grooves and indentations are provided at the pressing end of the jaw. Arranged on the jaws at the pressing end are penetrating segment for pressing the longitudinal groove (PSLG) and penetrating segments for pressing the indentations (PSI).
The press jaws may be arranged circumferentially in adjacent pairs, one jaw of the pair comprising at the pressing end a penetrating segment for pressing the longitudinal groove (PSLG) and the second jaw of the pair comprising at the pressing end penetrating segments for pressing the indentations (PSI). As such, the circumferential arrangement of jaws alternates (see
Alternatively, the PSLG and PSI may be disposed on the same, single press jaw, the PSI arranged on either or both longitudinal sides of the PSLG. When the PSLG and PSI are provided on the same press jaw, the number of jaws in the press may be equal to or at least 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, or 8. The PSIs can be disposed on a plurality (e.g. at least 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8) of adjacent press jaws, which combine to form a larger PSI that spans a larger circumferential arc than would be possible with a single press jaw.
It will be appreciated that pressing shoulders may be provided as separate press jaws, for example, alternating with jaws having penetrating segments. According to some embodiments, the press jaws may be arranged circumferentially in adjacent pairs, one jaw of the pair comprising at the pressing end the PSLG and PSI and the second jaw of the pair comprising at the pressing end a pressing shoulder. When the PSLG and PSI are provided on the same press jaw, the number of jaws in the press including jaws containing the pressing shoulder may be equal to or at least 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, or 8. In an alternative arrangement, the pressing shoulder may be combined with press jaws disposed with penetrating segments. For instance, a press jaw may have a pressing shoulder provided with penetrating segments for pressing the indentations (PSI). In the alternative, a press jaw may have a combination of one PSLG and a pressing shoulder arranged either or both sides of the PSLG, the pressing shoulder optionally provided with the PSI. It is well understood in the art that the pressing shoulder is a shaping tool for finish shaping of the preform, that applies radial pressure on the circumferential surface of the ribs of the perform subsequent to impression of the tampon by the penetrating segments. The pressing shoulders can be straight or angular, but preferably have a curvature in the transversal direction in order to press the circumferential surface of the tampon blank into an approximately cylindrical form of smaller diameter. A pressing shoulder may contain one or more slots to accommodate the PSIs of a neighbouring jaw.
In some embodiments, the press jaws can be moved into an open, closed and a holding position that is between the closed and open position. In the open position, the opening formed in the press is of sufficient size for insertion of a tampon blank. In the closed position, the tampon blank is pressed. In the holding position, the preform is suspended on the tips of at least two penetrating segments, and can be removed (ejected) from the press, preferably slidably, without significant damage. By arranging a slidable ejection while the tampon is suspended by the tips of the longitudinal penetrating segments, the integrity of the tampon is maintained, avoiding damage to its surface by otherwise protruding PSIs in the ejection passage. Equally, ejection of the tampon while the jaws are open fully would lead to damage as the space between two jaws into which the tampon is released provides only a obstructive and unhygienic passage for slidable ejection.
According to one aspect of an embodiment, the PSLG and PSI retract differentially subsequent to pressing the preform. The PSI retracts to a greater extent than the PSLG after pressing and prior to ejection of the preform so formed. In other words, the press jaws are retracted to the holding position between the closed position and the open position of the jaws, in which the tips of the PSIs are moved (retracted) to a greater distance from the press axis compared with the tips of the PSLGs, such that the PSIs are withdrawn from the preform, while contact is substantially maintained between the preform longitudinal grooves and the PSLGs. The PSIs may be fully withdrawn from the preform.
The differential retraction allows removal (ejection) of the tampon longitudinally while the jaw is still partially closed. At the moment of ejection, the press jaws open partially to a holding position in which the PSIs are fully withdrawn and clear of the preform, while the PSLGs maintain contact with the tampon longitudinal grooves. Thus, the tampon is suspended in the partially closed jaws by the circumferential arrangement of PSLGs, but is free from contact with the PSIs. Accordingly, the tampon can be propelled and ejected longitudinally while in slidable contact only with the star-shaped arrangement of PSLGs. By arranging a slidable ejection along the PSLGs, the integrity of the tampon is maintained, avoiding damage to its surface by otherwise protruding PSIs in the ejection passage.
Differential retraction of the penetrating segments may be achieved by differential lengths of the respective PSLG and PSI i.e. the PSLG is longer than the PSI. This is illustrated in
One embodiment can include a press 100 for manufacturing a tampon, comprising at least three press jaws 6 arranged in a star around a central longitudinal press axis 4 forming a press opening 2, wherein there is provided on a single or separate adjacent press jaws 6:
At least one, preferably all the PSIs arranged in the longitudinal direction on a press jaw, are in spatial isolation from neighbouring PSLGs and/or other PSIs. In step b) the press jaws 6 is moved (advanced) to a closed position to press the cylindrical blank 200, so forming a preform 210. The movement, towards the press axis, is preferably radial or may be inclined to the radius of the press axis. The cylindrical blank is, thus, pressed radially or may be pressed inclined to the radius of the press axis.
In step c), the press jaws 6 are moved (retracted) to a holding position between the closed position and open position, so that the preform can be removed axially without substantial obstruction. Preferably, the holding position is where the tips 15′ of the PSIs 11 are moved (retracted) to a greater distance from the press axis 4 compared with the tips 15 of the PSLGs, such that the PSIs are withdrawn, preferably fully, from the preform, while contact is maintained between the preform longitudinal grooves and the PSLGs 13.
In step d) the preform is axially removed (ejected), preferably slidably, while the jaws (6) are in the holding position,
In step e) the press jaws 6 are moved (retracted) to the open position for loading of the next cylindrical blank. The sequence a) to e) may be repeated for a subsequent cylindrical blank.
The penetrating segment for pressing the longitudinal groove (PSLG) is configured to press approximately longitudinal grooves into the blank tampon. It is provided at the pressing end of the press jaw. The longitudinal grooves extend at least partially, preferably fully, from the insertion end to the withdrawal end, and are preferably parallel to the press axis. The PSLG, is a straight, blunt blade having a tip oriented towards the press opening. It is longitudinal and preferably the longitudinal length is aligned with the press axis, but may equally be inclined to the press axis. Preferably, when the press jaw is closed, each PSLG is orientated in the cutting direction radially or inclined to the radius of the press axis, thereby giving rise to radial or radially-inclined grooves in the tampon. The height, DL, of the PSLG from its base to the tip (
With reference to
The penetrating segments for pressing the indentation (PSIs), are configured to press a plurality of indentations into the blank, which indentations are arranged in the longitudinal direction. At least one, preferably all the PSIs are spatially separated (i.e. isolated or do not touch) from each other in the longitudinal direction and/or from neighbouring longitudinal grooves. At least one, preferably all indentations may be provided exclusively on a rib flanked by two longitudinal grooves, i.e. they may not adjoin or cross a groove. The indentations are spatially arranged in the longitudinal direction. Each and every indentation along a rib may have the same profile (e.g. all chevron), or at least two indentations may have different profiles (e.g. (e.g. chevron, star, cross). Preferably the indentations are arranged between each and every longitudinal groove or along each and every rib.
The PSIs comprise a plurality of blunt blades each having a tip 15′ oriented towards the press opening, and arranged in the direction of the press axis. At least one PSI, preferably each and every PSI is spatially separated (i.e. isolated) from another PSI in the longitudinal direction. By spatially separated, it is meant that at least the tip 15′, preferably the whole body of a PSI does not contact the tip 15′ of a neighbouring PSI in the longitudinal direction, when the press jaw is closed. Preferably, when the press jaw is closed, the cutting direction of each PSI is orientated radially or inclined to the radius of the press axis, thereby giving rise to radial or radially-inclined indentations in the tampon. The height, DS, of the PSI from its base to the tip (
An embodiment of a press apparatus 100 and the method is described in more detail below and exemplified by
By utilising a differential withdrawal of the PSLG compared with the PSI in the holding position, advantageously, the tampon is suspended circumferentially with minimum contact with the press and is ejected in a slidable manner, guided by the grooves. This results in the ribs and indentations being untouched by the press during ejection, so maintaining their integrity and limiting exposure to contaminants. The tampon can be ejected at great speed. This compares with the art which must allow the tampon to fall to the floor of the press opening. The latter exposes the preform ribs potentially to contamination by the contact with the longitudinal sides of the opened jaw, and to damage by propulsion across a plurality of penetrating segment.
According to one aspect of an embodiment, as shown in
The press jaws can preferably be heated and preferably each press jaw has its own temperature sensor. By heating the press jaws, it is possible to reduce the memory effect of modern, highly absorbent, greatly expanding fibrous materials, which occurs after the tampon has been finished. By means of the heated press jaws, and especially the heated pressing shoulders, the surface of the tampon is simultaneously smoothed during pressing and pushing out, and a qualitatively improved surface is produced in the preformed tampon even in tampon preforms of low weight, the stability of the tampon preform being preserved. The memory effect of the fibrous material becomes effective again when the fibrous material of the tampon is wetted with body fluid.
According to one aspect of an embodiment, the tips 15, 15′ of the penetrating segments 11, 13 touch a fictive cylinder (PSFC) centred on the press axis when the jaws 6 are in the closed position, and the diameter of the PSFC is constant along the longitudinal axis of the press. According to another aspect of an embodiment, the PSFC has a variable diameter along the longitudinal axis of the press.
According to one aspect of an embodiment, the shoulders of the press jaws touch a fictive circle (SFC) centred on the press axis when the jaws 6 are in the closed position, and the diameter of the SFC is constant along the longitudinal axis of the press. According to another aspect of an embodiment, the SFC has a variable diameter along the longitudinal axis of the press. The variation in SFC longitudinally may provide tampons having different profiles, for example, having a mushroom-shape, domed head, constricted, preferably conical withdrawal end, barrel shape, bullet shape etc.
An embodiment further concerns a method for manufacturing the tampon in particular for feminine hygiene having a longitudinal body in an approximately cylindrical shape. The tampon is divided into, a number of longitudinal grooves that flank longitudinal ribs, and is provided with a plurality of indentations that are spatially arranged in the longitudinal direction. The indentations are preferably spatially separated (isolated) from each other and/or from the longitudinal grooves. A strip of absorbent material having acceptable absorbency and modulus of elasticity properties that is capable of absorbing and/or retaining liquid, is wound up on itself to form an approximately cylindrical tampon blank that is subsequently pressed.
Absorbent fibrous material usable in embodiments of the tampon described herein may consist of any absorbent material having acceptable absorbency and modulus of elasticity properties that is capable of absorbing and/or retaining liquid. The absorbent structure can be manufactured in a wide variety of sizes and shapes and from a wide variety of liquid-absorbing materials. It is, of course, desirable to use absorbent materials having a minimum content of extraneous soluble materials since the product may be retained in the body for a considerable period of time. Retained soluble extraneous materials could cause a safety hazard if they are toxic, irritant, or sensitive. A representative, non-limiting list of useful materials includes cellulosic materials, such as rayon, cotton, wood pulp, creped cellulose wadding, tissue wraps and laminates, peat moss, and chemically stiffened, modified, or cross-linked cellulosic fibres; synthetic materials, such as polyester fibres, polyolefin fibres, absorbent foams, e.g. a flexible resilient polyurethane foam, absorbent sponges, super-absorbent polymers, absorbent gelling materials; formed fibres, such as capillary channel fibres and multi limbed fibres; synthetic fibres, or any equivalent material or combinations of materials, or mixtures of these.
In one embodiment, the approximately cylindrical blank is not surrounded by a covering, particularly when the blank tampon is made from cotton. In a preferred embodiment, the approximately cylindrical blank is at least partially surrounded by a covering. The covering is preferably not provided at the portion which will form the insertion end of the tampon. In order to improve the absorbing capacity and expansion capacity of the tampon, said covering is preferably a stretchable or elastic liquid-permeable covering.
The tampon blank is pressed with the pressing apparatus described above. In order to form the ribs and indentations of the tampon, the method comprises compressing the tampon blank on its outer circumferential surface, forming longitudinal grooves, indentations and a fibre core. Preferably, the fibre core has a higher degree of compression from which less compressed longitudinal ribs extend outward.
In detail, a preferably cylindrical tampon blank is introduced in the press apparatus described above. The tampon blank is radially compressed or compressed in a direction inclined to the radius by press jaws, such as those described above. If the penetrating segments and the pressing shoulders are fixed to separate press jaws, the tampon blank may be first pressed with the penetrating segments and subsequently with the pressing shoulders. Alternatively, the penetrating segments and the pressing shoulders may press the tampon blank simultaneously. The latter will obviously be the case when the penetrating segments and pressing shoulders are fixed to the same press jaws. In the press, the tampon blank is preferably compressed in a single pressing operation by the penetrating segments and pressing shoulders simultaneously.
The penetrating segments configured to provide longitudinal grooves (PSLG) will preferably press the tampon blank on strips of the circumferential surface which are narrower than the strips of the circumferential surface pressed by the pressing shoulders. Preferably also, the strips pressed by the penetrating segments have an equal length and width and the strips pressed by the pressing shoulders also have an equal length and width. In this way, ribs are formed, defined by longitudinal grooves on a solid fibre core. The penetrating segments configured to provide indentations (PSI) press the tampon blank on the ribs, between the grooves. The pressing shoulders will press on the circumference of the so formed ribs and indentations in order to obtain an approximately cylindrical form with a smaller diameter. The memory effect of the tampon blank maintains the shape of the compressed tampon form.
The tampon blank, having been pressed by the penetrating segments and pressing shoulders, forms a preform which is ejected from the press. Prior to ejection, the press jaws retract simultaneously to the extent that the PSIs are fully withdrawn from the preform, while contact is maintained between the preform and the PSLGs. Thus, the preform becomes suspended in the partially closed jaws by the circumferential arrangement of PSLGs, but is free from contact with the PSI. Accordingly, the preform is propelled longitudinally while in slidable contact only with the PSLGs. By invoking a slidable ejection along the PSLGs, the integrity of the preform is maintained, avoiding damage to its surface by otherwise protruding PSIs in the ejection passage. Equally, ejection of the preform while the jaws are open fully would lead to damage as the space between two jaws into which the tampon is released provides only an obstructive and unhygienic passage for slidable ejection. An example of a preform formed by an embodiment of the press described herein is schematically depicted in
One embodiment concerns a process for manufacturing a tampon having a longitudinal axis, comprising the steps:
a) inserting a cylindrical blank 200 of absorbing material in a press for manufacturing a tampon which presses absorbing material radially or inclined to the radius, which press comprises at least three press jaws 6 arranged in a star formation, wherein there is provided on a single or separate adjacent press jaws:
Besides being arranged in the longitudinal direction, at least one indentation, preferably each and every indentation may also be spatially separated from other or adjacent side grooves. The at least one indentation, preferably each and every indentation may also be spatially separated from the adjacent longitudinal grooves. In step b) the press jaws 6 are moved (advanced) to a closed position to press the cylindrical blank 200 so forming a preform 210 (pressed cylindrical blank). The movement, towards the press axis, is preferably radial or may be inclined to the radius of the press axis. The cylindrical blank is, thus, pressed radially or may be pressed inclined to the radius of the press axis.
In step c), the press jaws 6 are moved (retracted) to a holding position between the closed position and open position, so that the preform can be removed axially without substantial obstruction. Preferably, the holding position is where the tips 15′ of the PSIs 11 are moved (retracted) to a greater distance from the press axis 4 compared with the tips 15 of the PSLGs, such that the PSIs are withdrawn, preferably fully, from the preform, while contact is maintained between the preform longitudinal grooves and the PSLGs 13.
In step d) the preform is removed (ejected), preferably slidably, while the jaws (6) are in the holding position. In a subsequent step, the press jaws 6 are moved (retracted) to the open position for loading of another cylindrical blank. The sequence of steps may be repeated for a subsequent cylindrical blank.
The press used in the process may that as defined elsewhere herein.
Another embodiment is a tampon obtainable by a process of the invention.
This preform may be simultaneously subjected to final shaping downstream so forming a tampon. This final shaping includes a radial pressure being exerted on the total circumference of the preform. This radial pressure has the effect that the adjacent longitudinal ribs are pressed against one another, so that the longitudinal grooves are substantially closed and the circumferential surface of the tampon is substantially smooth and soft.
The tampon blank is, depending on the properties of the fibrous material used, in particular in the event of use being made of highly expansive fibres of irregular cross section with a strong memory effect, pressed at a temperature of the press jaws to the final shape of the tampon, in order to achieve the desired dimensional stability of the fibrous material by eliminating the memory effect of the fibres, which immediately becomes effective again on contact with bodily fluid and thus increases the expansion and absorption speed of the tampon with the least possible use of fibrous material.
It is apparent that there has been provided in accordance with the invention, a tampon that fully satisfies the objects, aims, and advantages set forth above. While the invention has been described in conjunction with specific embodiments thereof, it is evident that many alternatives, modifications, and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art in light of the foregoing description. Accordingly, it is intended to embrace all such alternatives, modifications, and variations as follows in the spirit and broad scope of the appended claims.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP10169007.1 | Jul 2010 | EP | regional |
