The entire disclosure of Japanese Patent Application No. 2019-113501, filed on Jun. 19, 2019 is expressly incorporated by reference herein.
This application relates to a tape supplying body including a tape roll on which a tape to be fed to a tape printing apparatus is wound and a tape supplying body set.
Conventionally, a tape reel which includes an upper flange and a lower flange and on which a magnetic tape is wound has been known as disclosed in JP-A-2004-362709.
In a tape supplying body including a tape roll and a first member on which the tape roll is placed, there is a possibility that the tape roll is loosened when the tape supplying body is transported or when the tape supplying body is installed in an accommodation case, and that the tape runs onto the tape roll or drops from the first member.
An embodiment of the application provides a tape supplying body including: a tape roll on which a tape to be fed to a tape printing apparatus is wound; a first member provided on a bottom surface of the tape roll; and a second member, wherein the second member has a running-onto prevention part that is provided at an upper surface of the tape roll and prevents the tape from running onto the tape roll, a tape receiving part that is provided at a bottom surface of the first member and receives the tape dropping from the first member, and a connection part that is provided on a radially outer side of the tape roll and connects the running-onto prevention part and the tape receiving part to each other.
Another embodiment of the application provides a tape supplying body set including: a first tape supplying body; and a second tape supplying body, wherein the tape supplying body has a tape roll on which a tape to be fed to a tape printing apparatus is wound, and a first member provided on a bottom surface of the tape roll, and a second member, the second member has a running-onto prevention part that is provided at a top surface of the tape roll and prevents the tape from running onto the tape roll, a tape receiving part that is provided at a bottom surface of the first member and receives the tape dropping from the first member, and a connection part that is provided on a radially outer side of the tape roll and connects the running-onto prevention part and the tape receiving part to each other, a width of the tape of the second tape supplying body is wider than a width of the tape of the first tape supplying body, and the running-onto prevention part of the second tape supplying body is provided at a place farther from a feeding start position of the tape in the tape roll than the running-onto prevention part of the first tape supplying body.
Hereinafter, an embodiment of a tape supplying body and a tape supplying body set will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Note that an XYZ orthogonal coordinate system shown in the drawings is given only for the convenience of illustration and does not intend to limit the following embodiment. However, a +Z direction indicates an upper direction, and a −Z direction indicate a lower direction. Further, all numeric values indicating the numbers of respective parts are given only for illustration and do not intend to limit the following embodiment.
(Tape Printing System)
As shown in
As shown in
As shown in
(Tape Printing Apparatus)
As shown in
The installation-part cover 5 is turnably attached at the +Y side end of the apparatus case 3 and used to open and close the cartridge installation part 11. The cartridge installation part 11 is formed into a recessed shape that is open on the +Z side. A printing head 15 is provided on an installation bottom surface 13 that is the button surface of the cartridge installation part 11. The printing head 15 is a thermal head including a heat generation element. A platen shaft 17, a first winding shaft 21, a first feeding shaft 19, a second feeding shaft 23, and a second winding shaft 25 are sequentially provided on the installation bottom surface 13 in this order from the −X side.
Further, an installation core insertion part 27, six installation protrusion parts 29, and four installation hooks 31 are provided on the installation bottom surface 13. The installation core insertion part 27 is formed into a substantially-stepped columnar shape and inserted into a first core recessed part 123 (see
The −Z side surface of the apparatus case 3 is provided with a printing-body engagement part 33 at the +X side end (see
(Tape Cartridge)
As shown in
The first tape 113 is wound on the tape core 103. The first tape 113 may be, for example, one in which a release tape is releasably affixed onto the adhesive surface of a printing tape on which a print image is to be printed. The first tape 113 fed from the tape core 103 is discharged to the outside of the first cartridge case 111 via a tape exit 115 provided on the −X side lateral wall part of the first cartridge case 111. The first ink ribbon 117 is wound on the first feeding core 107. The ink ribbon 117 fed from the first feeding core 107 is wound by the first winding core 109. The first cartridge case 111 has a first head insertion hole 119 provided thereon so as to penetrate in the Z-axis. When the tape cartridge 101 is installed in the cartridge installation part 11, the printing head 15, the platen shaft 17, the first feeding shaft 19, and the first winding shaft 21 are inserted into the first head insertion hole 119, the first platen roller 105, the first feeding core 107, and the first winding core 109, respectively.
As shown in
When the installation-part cover 5 is closed after the installation of the tape cartridge 101 in the cartridge installation part 11, the printing head 15 is moved toward the platen shaft 17 by a head movement mechanism not shown in the figures. Thus, the first tape 113 and the first ink ribbon 117 are held between the printing head 15 and the first platen roller 105. When the first platen roller 105 rotates in this state, the first tape 113 and the first ink ribbon 117 are fed. When the printing head 15 is heated at this time, a print image based on print data received by the tape printing apparatus 1 is printed on the first tape 113.
(Ribbon Cartridge)
As shown in
As shown in
Further, the second cartridge case 211 is provided with a groove-shaped tape path 227 that is open on the +Z side. The second tape 411 introduced into the apparatus case 3 via the tape introduction port 7 is fed to the tape discharging port 9 via the tape path 227 of the ribbon cartridge 201 installed in the cartridge installation part 11.
In a state in which the ribbon cartridge 201 is not installed in the cartridge installation part 11, the tape retention part 210 holds the second tape 411 introduced into the tape path 227 in advance between the tape retention part 210 and the lateral wall part of the tape path 227 to retain the second tape 411. Thus, the second tape 411 introduced into the tape path 227 in advance is prevented from deviating from the tape path 227, for example, when the user removes the ribbon cartridge 201 from the accommodation body 301 and installs the removed ribbon cartridge 201 in the cartridge installation part 11.
When the installation-part cover 5 is closed after the installation of the ribbon cartridge 201 in the cartridge installation part 11, the printing head 15 is moved toward the platen shaft 17 by the head movement mechanism. Thus, the second tape 411 and the second ink ribbon 217 are held between the printing head 15 and the second platen roller 205. When the second platen roller 205 rotates in this state, the second tape 411 and the second ink ribbon 217 are fed. When the printing head 15 is heated at this time, a print image based on print data received by the tape printing apparatus 1 is printed on the second tape 411. Note that the tape retention part 210 releases the retention of the second tape 411 in a state in which the ribbon cartridge 201 is installed in the cartridge installation part 11. Therefore, the second tape 411 is smoothly fed without being interfered by the tape retention part 210 in the tape path 227.
(Tape Supplying Body)
As shown in
In the tape roll 403, the second tape 411 is wound on a roll core 409. Like the first tape 113, the second tape 411 may be, for example, one in which a release tape is releasably affixed onto the adhesive surface of a printing tape on which a print image is to be printed.
The tape roll 403 is placed on the first member 405. As shown in
The shaft part 413 is formed into a substantially cylindrical shape. The shaft part 413 is inserted into the roll core 409 from the −Z side so as to penetrate the roll core 409. A rotation supporting part 319 that will be described later is inserted into the shaft part 413 from the −Z side when the tape roll 403 is accommodated in the accommodation body 301.
The flange part 415 is provided in a flange shape on a radially outer side from the −Z side end of the shaft part 413. The outer peripheral part of the flange part 415 is bent toward the −Z side.
The core fitting part 417 is provided to protrude in a substantially cylindrical shape from the +Z side surface of the flange part 415. The core fitting part 417 is inserted into the roll core 409 from the −Z side and fitted into the roll core 409. That is, the −Z side end surface of the tape roll 403 is placed in a region on a radially outer side than the core fitting part 417 in the +Z side surface of the flange part 415.
Operation ribs 419 extending radially from the shaft part 413 are provided between the shaft part 413 and the core fitting part 417. When the tape roll 403 is loosened, the user rotates the first member 405 with his/her fingers hooked on the operation ribs 419. Thus, the user is allowed to rotate the tape roll 403 without touching the tape roll 403 and solve the looseness of the tape roll 403. Note that the operation ribs 419 are an example of an “operation part.”
As shown in
The disc part 421 is formed into a substantially disc shape having a diameter smaller than that of the flange part 415 of the first member 405 and larger than that of the core fitting part 417. The −Z side at the center of the disc part 421 is provided with a shaft insertion part 429. The shaft insertion part 429 is provided with a plurality of hook-shaped insertion engagement parts 431. When the shaft insertion part 429 is inserted into the shaft part 413 from the +Z side, the insertion engagement parts 431 engage the +Z side end of the shaft part 413. Thus, the shaft part 413 and the shaft insertion part 429 are rotatably coupled to each other without a separate coupling member. In other words, the two members of the first member 405 and the second member 407 make it possible to constitute the tape supplying body 401 with the tape roll 403 held therebetween and reduce the number of parts. Further, the disc part 421 is provided with two operation openings 433 formed into a substantially semicircular shape. The user may operate the operation ribs 419 via the operation openings 433.
The running-onto prevention parts 423 are provided at an upper side of the tape roll 403, that is, on the +Z side of the tape roll 403. The running-onto prevention parts 423 extend on a radially outer side from the outer edge part of the disc part 421 and face the +Z side end surface of the tape roll 403 with a gap placed therebetween. The running-onto prevention parts 423 prevent the second tape 411 from running onto the +Z side of the tape roll 403 when the tape roll 403 is loosened. If the second tape 411 runs onto the tape roll 403, there is a possibility that a portion of the second tape 411 running onto the tape roll 403 is folded and deformed to cause the occurrence of a printing failure.
The connection parts 425 are provided on the radially outer side of the tape roll 403 and connect the running-onto prevention parts 423 and the tape receiving parts 427 to each other. The connection parts 425 extend in the Z-axis and face the outer peripheral surface of the tape roll 403.
The tape receiving parts 427 are provided at a bottom surface of the first member 405, that is, on the −Z side of the first member 405. The tape receiving parts 427 are provided to protrude on a radially inner side from the −Z side ends of the connection parts 425. The tip ends of the tape receiving parts 427 are bent toward +Z side in a hooked shape. Between the hooked ends and the connection parts 425, the outer edge part of the flange part 415 bent toward the −Z side is positioned. When the tape roll 403 is loosened, the tape receiving parts 427 receive the second tape 411 dropping from the first member 405 and prevent the second tape 411 from further dropping from the first member 405.
(Accommodation Body)
As shown in
The accommodation body part 303 is formed into a substantially rectangular shape that is open on the +Z side. The −X side wall part of the accommodation body part 303 is provided with a body-part discharge port 311. The body-part discharge port 311 is combined with a lid discharge port 337 that will be described later to constitute a tape discharge port 309 (see
The tape supplying body 401 is accommodated in the supplying-body accommodation part 313. The supplying-body accommodation part 313 is provided with a circular base part 317, a rotation supporting part 319, three outer-edge recessed parts 321, and two outer-edge protrusion parts 323.
The circular base part 317 is formed into a circular base shape having substantially the same diameter as that of the first member 405 and protrudes toward the +Z side from the bottom surface of the supplying-body accommodation part 313.
The rotation supporting part 319 is provided to further protrude toward the +Z side from the center of the circular base part 317 and formed into a substantially cylindrical shape. When the tape supplying body 401 is installed in the accommodation body 301, the rotation supporting part 319 is inserted into the shaft part 413 of the first member 405. The rotation supporting part 319 rotatably supports the first member 405 and the tape roll 403 placed on the first member 405.
The three outer edge recessed parts 321 are provided at three places of the outer edge part of the circular base part 317, that is, at the +X side outer edge part, the −X side outer edge part, and the −Y side outer edge part of the circular base part 317. The three outer edge recessed parts 321 are provided at positions corresponding to the tape receiving parts 427 of the second member 407. Note that the outer edge recessed part 321 provided on the +X side among the three outer edge recessed parts 321 is formed to be longer than the other two outer edge recessed parts 321 in a circumferential direction so as to be capable of corresponding to a tape receiving part 427 of a second member 407 of a modified example that will be described later.
The two outer edge protrusion parts 323 are provided on the radially outer side of two of the three outer edge recessed parts 321, that is, the outer edge recessed part 321 provided on the −X side and the outer edge recessed part 321 provided on the −Y side. The outer edge protrusion parts 323 are formed into a substantially circular shape when seen from the +Z side and have both their circumferential ends bent on a radially inner side.
As shown in
In this state, the connection parts 425 are positioned on the radially inner side of the outer edge protrusion parts 323. Therefore, even if the second member 407 attempts to rotate, the connection parts 425 abut with any of both the circumferential ends of the outer edge protrusion parts 323. Therefore, the second member 407 is not allowed to further rotate. Thus, the outer edge protrusion parts 323 function as “rotation prevention parts” that prevent the rotation of the second member 407. Note that since the shaft part 413 of the first member 405 and the shaft insertion part 429 of the second member 407 are rotatably coupled to each other as described above, the first member 405 is rotatable even in a state in which the rotation of the second member 407 is prevented by the outer edge protrusion parts 323.
When the second platen roller 205 rotates and the second tape 411 is fed from the tape roll 403 in the tape printing apparatus 1, the tape roll 403 and the first member 405 integrally rotate. Here, if the second member 407 is configured to rotate together with the tape roll 403 and the first member 405 unlike the present embodiment, the connection parts 425 get stuck on the second tape 411 fed from the tape roll 403. On the other hand, the rotation of the second member 407 is prevented by the outer edge protrusion parts 323 when the tape roll 403 and the first member 405 integrally rotate according to the present embodiment. Accordingly, it is possible to prevent the connection parts 425 of the second member 407 from getting stuck on the second tape 411 fed from the tape roll 403.
The tape cartridge 101 and the ribbon cartridge 201 are alternatively accommodated in the cartridge accommodation part 315. Therefore, compared with a configuration in which an accommodation space for the tape cartridge 101 and an accommodation space for the ribbon cartridge 201 are separately provided, it is possible to achieve the miniaturization of the accommodation body 301. Note that the tape cartridge 101 is installed in the cartridge installation part 11 with its longitudinal direction parallel to the Y-axis (see
The cartridge accommodation part 315 is provided with four positioning protrusion parts 329, an accommodation core insertion part 331, five accommodation protrusion parts 333, and two accommodation hooks 335. The four positioning protrusion parts 329 are provided at the peripheral part of the cartridge accommodation part 315 and engage the lateral wall part of the first cartridge case 111 or the lateral wall part of the second cartridge case 211 to position the tape cartridge 101 or the ribbon cartridge 201.
The accommodation core insertion part 331 is formed into a substantially columnar shape and inserted into the first core recessed part 123 or the second core recessed part 223. The five accommodation protrusion parts 333 are provided at the peripheral part of the cartridge accommodation part 315. In a state in which the tape cartridge 101 or the ribbon cartridge 201 is accommodated in the cartridge accommodation part 315, a gap is formed between the first case recessed parts 125 or the second case recessed parts 225 and the accommodation protrusion parts 333. Note that the tape cartridge 101 not provided with the first case recessed parts 125 or the ribbon cartridge 201 not provided with the second case recessed parts 225 is placed on the accommodation protrusion parts 333.
The two accommodation hooks 335 engage the first hook engagement parts 121 or the second hook engagement parts 221 to retain the accommodated tape cartridge 101 or the ribbon cartridge 201. Thus, when the user carries the accommodation body 301, the accommodated tape cartridge 101 or the ribbon cartridge 201 is prevented from moving inside the accommodation body 301. As a result, the breakage of the second tape 411 caused when the tape cartridge 101 or the ribbon cartridge 201 abuts with the tape roll 403 is prevented. Note that when the ribbon cartridge 201 is accommodated in the cartridge accommodation part 315, one of the two accommodation hooks 335 is inserted into the hook insertion hole 222.
The positioning protrusion parts 329, the accommodation core insertion part 331, the accommodation protrusion parts 333, and the accommodation hooks 335 are provided so as not to abut with the second tape 411 fed from the tape roll 403 to the tape discharge port 309 regardless of whether a tape feeding path changes with a change in the winding diameter of the tape roll 403. Thus, it is possible to satisfactorily feed the second tape 411.
The accommodation lid part 305 is used to open and close the +Z side opening part of the accommodation body part 303. The accommodation lid part 305 is opened when the tape supplying body 401 and the tape cartridge 101 or the ribbon cartridge 201 are put in or taken out from the accommodation body part 303. Like the installation-part cover 5 turnably attached to the +Y side of the apparatus case 3 in the tape printing apparatus 1, the accommodation lid part 305 has a turning shaft parallel to the X-axis and is turnably attached to the +Y side of the accommodation body part 303. Therefore, as shown in
The −X side wall part of the accommodation lid part 305 is provided with a lid discharge port 337. When the accommodation lid part 305 is closed, the lid discharge port 337 is combined with the body-part discharge port 311 to constitute the tape discharge port 309.
The four accommodation leg parts 307 are provided at the −Z side four corners of the accommodation body part 303 to support the accommodation body part 303. Note that the −Z side ends of the accommodation leg parts 307 expand outward. Therefore, it is possible to stack a plurality of accommodation bodies 301 with each other in such a manner that the accommodation body part 303 of one accommodation body 301 enters the inner side of the four accommodation leg parts 307 of another accommodation body 301.
Here, in the ribbon cartridge 201 accommodated in the cartridge accommodation part 315, the second tape 411 fed from the tape supplying body 401 accommodated in the supplying-body accommodation part 313 is retained by the tape retention part 210. Therefore, by removing the ribbon cartridge 201 retaining the second tape 411 from the accommodation body 301 and installing the removed ribbon cartridge 201 in the cartridge installation part 11 of the tape printing apparatus 1, the user is allowed to install the second tape 411 and the ribbon cartridge 201 in the tape printing apparatus 1.
Further, as described above, the cartridge accommodation part 315 is provided between the supplying-body accommodation part 313 and the body-part discharge port 311. Therefore, in a state in which the second tape 411 fed from the tape supplying body 401 accommodated in the supplying-body accommodation part 313 is retained by the ribbon cartridge 201 accommodated in the cartridge accommodation part 315, the user is allowed to install the ribbon cartridge 201 in the cartridge installation part 11 without changing the feeding direction of the second tape 411. Further, since the cartridge accommodation part 315 is provided between the supplying-body accommodation part 313 and the body-part discharge port 311, a distance from the supplying-body accommodation part 313 to the body-part discharge port 311 is increased. Therefore, when the ribbon cartridge 201 is taken out from the cartridge accommodation part 315 to the +Z side in order to be installed in the cartridge installation part 11, the second tape 411 is fed from the tape supplying body 401 accommodated in the supplying-body accommodation part 313 at an angle nearly parallel to the bottom surface of the accommodation body part 303. Accordingly, the second tape 411 is prevented from getting stuck on the running-onto prevention parts 423.
(Coupling Member)
The coupling member 501 couples the tape printing apparatus 1 and the accommodation body 301 to each other. As shown in
(Tape Supplying Body Set)
The tape supplying body set including a first tape supplying body 401 and a second tape supplying body 401 will be described. The first tape supplying body 401 includes a tape roll 403 on which a second tape 411 having a narrow width is wound. The second tape supplying body 401 includes a tape roll 403 on which a second tape 411 having a wide width is wound.
Here, when the second tape 411 has a narrow width, the second tape 411 is liable to run onto the tape roll 403. Further, when the ribbon cartridge 201 is removed from the cartridge accommodation part 315 to the +Z side in order to be installed in the cartridge installation part 11, the second tape 411 fed from the tape roll 403 is not liable to get stuck on the running-onto prevention parts 423. Therefore, as shown in
On the other hand, when the second tape 411 has a wide width, the second tape 411 is not liable to run onto the tape roll 403. Further, when the ribbon cartridge 201 is removed from the cartridge accommodation part 315 to the +Z side in order to be installed in the cartridge installation part 11, the second tape 411 fed from the tape roll 403 is liable to get stuck on the running-onto prevention parts 423. Therefore, as shown in
Thus, the position of the running-onto prevention part 423 with respect to the feeding start position 435 of the second tape 411 is changed according to the width of the second tape 411, whereby it is possible to solve a problem that the second tape 411 having a narrow width is liable to run onto the tape roll 403 and the second tape 411 having a wide width is liable to get stuck on the running-onto prevention parts 423.
As described above, according to the tape supplying body 401 of the present embodiment, the running-onto prevention parts 423 make it possible to prevent the second tape 411 from running onto the tape roll 403 even if the tape roll 403 is loosened when the tape roll 403 is transported or when the tape roll 403 is installed in the accommodation body 301. Further, according to the tape supplying body 401 of the present embodiment, the tape receiving parts 427 make it possible to prevent the second tape 411 from dropping from the first member 405.
The disclosed embodiment is not limited to the above embodiment and may, of course, employ various configurations without departing from its spirit. For example, the above embodiment may be modified into the following modes.
In the tape supplying body 401 of the present embodiment, the second member 407 includes the three running-onto prevention parts 423, the three connection parts 425, and the three tape receiving parts 427 but is not limited to this configuration. For example, two of the three running-onto prevention parts 423 may be integrated with each other, or all the three running-onto prevention parts 423 may be integrated with each other. Further, two of the three connection parts 425 may be integrated with each other, or all the three connection parts 425 may be integrated with each other. Note that the integrated connection part 425 preferably engages at least one outer edge protrusion part 323. Further, the number of the tape receiving parts 427 may be one, two, or four or more.
The “rotation prevention parts” are not limited to the configuration of the outer edge protrusion parts 323 that engage the connection parts 425 to prevent the rotation of the second member 407. For example, the “rotation prevention parts” may be configured to engage the running-onto prevention parts 423 to prevent the rotation of the second member 407. Further, the “rotation prevention parts” may be configured to have a cross-sectional shape complementary with a non-circular hole provided on the shaft insertion part 429 and configured to be inserted into the hole to prevent the rotation of the second member 407.
The tape printing apparatus 1 and the accommodation body 301 may be configured to be directly coupled to each other without the coupling member 501. Further, the tape printing apparatus 1 and the accommodation body 301 may be configured to be integrated with each other.
Further, configurations in which the above embodiment and the modified examples are combined with each other may be employed.
(Supplementary Note)
Hereinafter, a tape supplying body and a tape supplying body set will be supplementally noted.
A tape supplying body includes: a tape roll on which a tape to be fed to a tape printing apparatus is wound; a first member is provided on a bottom surface of the tape roll; and a second member, wherein the second member has a running-onto prevention part that is provided at an upper surface of the tape roll and prevents the tape from running onto the tape roll, a tape receiving part that is provided at a bottom surface of the first member and receives the tape dropping from the first member, and a connection part that is provided on a radially outer side of the tape roll and connects the running-onto prevention part and the tape receiving part to each other.
According to the configuration, it is possible to prevent the tape from running onto the tape roll and prevent the tape from dropping from the first member even if the tape roll is loosened when the tape roll is transported or when the tape roll is installed in an accommodation body.
In this case, in a state in which the tape supplying body is accommodated in an accommodation body, the first member preferably integrally rotates with the tape roll when the tape is fed from the tape roll, and the second member does not preferably rotate when the tape roll and the first member integrally rotate with each other.
According to the configuration, it is possible to prevent the connection part of the second member from getting stuck on the tape fed from the tape roll.
In this case, the first member is preferably provided with an operation part used to rotate the first member, and the second member is preferably provided with an operation opening used to operate the operation part.
According to the configuration, a user rotates the first member 405 by operating the operation part via the operation opening when the tape roll is loosened. Thus, it is possible for the user to rotate the tape roll without touching the tape roll and solve the looseness of the tape roll.
In this case, the first member preferably has a shaft part formed into a substantially cylindrical shape, the second member preferably has a shaft insertion part and an insertion engagement part provided at the shaft insertion part, and the first member and the second member are preferably rotatably coupled to each other by engagement between the insertion engagement part and the shaft part.
According to the configuration, the first member and the second member are rotatably coupled to each other without a separate coupling member. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the number of parts.
A tape supplying body set includes: a first tape supplying body; and a second tape supplying body, wherein the tape supplying body has a tape roll on which a tape to be fed to a tape printing apparatus is wound, a first member is provided on a bottom surface of the tape roll, and a second member, the second member has a running-onto prevention part that is provided on an upper surface of the tape roll and prevents the tape from running onto the tape roll, a tape receiving part that is provided at a bottom surface of the first member and receives the tape dropping from the first member, and a connection part that is provided on a radially outer side of the tape roll and connects the running-onto prevention part and the tape receiving part to each other, a width of the tape of the second tape supplying body is wider than a width of the tape of the first tape supplying body, and the running-onto prevention part of the second tape supplying body is provided at a place farther from a feeding start position of the tape in the tape roll than the running-onto prevention part of the first tape supplying body.
According to the configuration, the position of the running-onto prevention part with respect to the feeding start position of the tape is changed according to the width of the tape, whereby it is possible to solve a problem that the tape having a narrow width is liable to run onto the tape roll and the tape having a wide width is liable to get stuck on the running-onto prevention part.
Number | Date | Country | Kind |
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2019-113501 | Jun 2019 | JP | national |