Patent Grant
10634192
The present invention relates to a tapered roller bearing and a method of manufacturing the same, and particularly to a tapered roller bearing that includes a cage manufactured by injection-molding a thermoplastic resin and can be appropriately used for rotary supports of various mechanical apparatuses, and a method of manufacturing the same.
Roller bearings have a greater loading capability of a radial load than ball bearings, and tapered roller bearings in which truncated conical rollers (tapered rollers) as rolling elements are incorporated can support a combined load of a radial load and an axial (thrust) load. For this reason, the tapered roller bearings are widely used for rotary supports of various mechanical apparatuses (e.g., see Patent Document 1).
As cages used for the tapered roller bearings, metal cages formed by press-molding a steel sheet or resin cages formed by injection-molding a thermoplastic resin filled with a reinforcement such as glass fiber or carbon fiber are used. Especially, the resin cages have an advantage of having lightness and mass-productivity, an advantage of not generating worn metal powder or the like, and so on, and thus are widely used. The resin cages are often injection-molded using a metal mold structure in which a pair of metal molds are separated in an axial direction, that is, an axial draw type mold in order to cut down manufacturing costs (e.g., see Paragraph [0011] and FIG. 11 of Patent Document 1).
In the cages injection-molded by this axial draw type mold, since the cage generally has a shape in which, on the basis of each mold parting line inside each pocket which is made to be a boundary, one side is generally in contact with a tapered roller and the other is not in contact with the tapered roller, the tapered roller can be inserted from an inner diameter side, and does not fall off from an outer diameter side but falls off from the inner diameter side.
Therefore, since the tapered roller falls off with the cage and the tapered roller alone, productivity of the tapered roller bearing is lowered depending on a configuration of an assembly line.
As illustrated in
Patent Document 1: JP-A-2007-127269
Patent Document 2: JP-A-2014-202284
Meanwhile, in the resin cage 110 for the tapered roller bearing of Patent Document 2, engagement allowances for the tapered roller 104 are configured at only diagonal positions of large and small diameter sides of each pillar part 113 in each pocket of the cage 110. For this reason, an engagement amount for rotation of the roller 104 in a tilt direction (a direction of an arrow B) is determined by a value of cage pocket gap of the roller 104 in a lengthwise direction, a contact area between the end face of the roller and the cage, and a diameter dimension of the roller. During assembly of the bearing, after the rollers 104 and the cage 110 are merely assembled, as illustrated in
When the cage pocket gap in the lengthwise direction of the roller is constant, the engagement amount for the rotation of the roller 104 in the tilt direction can be sufficiently secured in a bearing having a specification in which the roller diameter is great and the bearing size is great. However, in a bearing having a specification in which the roller diameter is small and the bearing size is small, the engagement amount cannot be sufficiently secured, and a case in which the roller 104 falls off occurs.
Therefore, as described above, when the roller 104 and the cage 110 are arranged in a specified direction, it is necessary to carefully treat the bearing during the assembly in a situation in which the roller is easily falls off. As a result, workability during the assembly is poor, and according to circumstances, there occurs a problem with waste of a manufacturing process or loss of the roller when falling off.
The present invention was made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a tapered roller bearing capable of reliably preventing falling of tapered rollers from a cage.
The object of the present invention is accomplished by the following configurations.
(1) A tapered roller bearing includes:
an outer ring having an outer ring raceway surface on an inner circumferential surface thereof;
an inner ring having an inner ring raceway surface on an outer circumferential surface thereof;
a plurality of tapered rollers that are rollingly arranged between the outer ring raceway surface and the inner ring raceway surface; and
a cage formed in a shape in which a large diameter ring part and a small diameter ring part separated in an axial direction are connected by a plurality of pillar parts that are in sliding contact with outer circumferential surfaces of the tapered rollers, and having a plurality of pockets that house and retain the tapered rollers,
the inner ring including a large diameter-side end and a small diameter-side end, and only the large diameter-side end being formed with a flange part, wherein
each of the pillar parts includes a first protrusion that retains each of the tapered rollers on an inner diameter side of each of the pockets and a second protrusion that retains each of the tapered rollers on an outer diameter side of each of the pockets,
bumps are formed on only an inner surface of the small diameter ring part in the pockets, and
end faces of the tapered rollers facing the bumps are substantially flat surfaces or recesses.
(2) A tapered roller bearing includes:
an outer ring having an outer ring raceway surface on an inner circumferential surface thereof;
an inner ring having an inner ring raceway surface on an outer circumferential surface thereof;
a plurality of tapered rollers that are rollingly arranged between the outer ring raceway surface and the inner ring raceway surface; and
a cage formed in a shape in which a large diameter ring part and a small diameter ring part separated in an axial direction are connected by a plurality of pillar parts that are in sliding contact with outer circumferential surfaces of the tapered rollers, and having a plurality of pockets that house and retain the tapered rollers,
the inner ring including a large diameter-side end and a small diameter-side end, and only the large diameter-side end being formed with a flange part, wherein
the neighboring pillar parts constitute a first engagement allowance in which an inner diameter-side opening width of each of the pockets becomes smaller than a roller diameter at a position of the opening width in a direction of a rotation axis of each of the tapered rollers at at least a part of an inner diameter side of each of the pockets,
the neighboring pillar parts constitute a second engagement allowance in which an outer diameter-side opening width of each of the pockets becomes smaller than the roller diameter at a position of the opening width in the direction of the rotation axis of each of the tapered rollers at at least a part of an outer diameter side of each of the pockets,
bumps are formed on an inner surface of the small diameter ring part in the pockets, and
end faces of the tapered rollers facing the bumps are substantially flat surfaces.
(3) A tapered roller bearing includes:
an outer ring having an outer ring raceway surface on an inner circumferential surface thereof;
an inner ring having an inner ring raceway surface on an outer circumferential surface thereof;
a plurality of tapered rollers that are rollingly arranged between the outer ring raceway surface and the inner ring raceway surface; and
a cage formed in a shape in which a large diameter ring part and a small diameter ring part separated in an axial direction are connected by a plurality of pillar parts that are in sliding contact with outer circumferential surfaces of the tapered rollers, and having a plurality of pockets that house and retain the tapered rollers,
the inner ring including a large diameter-side end and a small diameter-side end, and only the large diameter-side end being formed with a flange part, wherein
the neighboring pillar parts constitute a first engagement allowance in which an inner diameter-side opening width of each of the pockets becomes smaller than a roller diameter at a position of the opening width in a direction of a rotation axis of each of the tapered rollers at at least a part of an inner diameter side of each of the pockets,
the neighboring pillar parts constitute a second engagement allowance in which an outer diameter-side opening width of each of the pockets becomes smaller than the roller diameter at a position of the opening width in the direction of the rotation axis of each of the tapered rollers at at least a part of an outer diameter side of each of the pockets,
recesses are formed in small diameter-side end faces of the tapered rollers, and
bumps protruding to enter the recesses are formed in an inner surface of the small diameter ring part in the pockets.
(4) The tapered roller bearing according to any one of (1) to (3) is characterized in that apexes of the bumps are provided closer to inner diameter-side openings of the pockets than positions through which the rotation axes of the tapered roller pass on the inner surface of the small diameter ring part.
(5) The tapered roller bearing according to (1) or (4) is characterized in that the first and second protrusions are arranged at positions at which the protrusions do not overlap each other in the axial direction.
(6) The tapered roller bearing according to any one of (2) to (4) is characterized in that at least a part of each of the pillar parts that constitute the first engagement allowance on the inner diameter side of each of the pockets and at least a part of each of the pillar parts that constitute the second engagement allowance on the outer diameter side of each of the pockets are arranged at positions that do not overlap each other in the axial direction.
(7) The tapered roller bearing according to any one of (1), (4), and (5) is characterized in that:
mold parting lines extending in the axial direction are formed at each of the pillar parts having the pockets; and
the first protrusion is disposed on an outer diameter side with respect to each of the mold parting lines, and the second protrusion is disposed on an inner diameter side with respect to each of the mold parting lines.
(8) The tapered roller bearing according to any one of (1) to (7) is characterized in that:
mold parting lines extending in the axial direction are formed at each of the pillar parts having the pockets; and
first conical surfaces that are in sliding contact with the outer circumferential surface of each of the tapered rollers are formed closer to outer diameter sides than the mold parting lines on facing surfaces of the neighboring pillar parts, and substantially flat surfaces that are continuous with the first conical surfaces in a first radial direction are formed closer to outer diameter-side portions than the first conical surfaces; and
second conical surfaces that are in sliding contact with the outer circumferential surface of each of the tapered rollers are formed closer to inner diameter sides than the mold parting lines, and substantially flat surface that are continuous with the second conical surfaces in a second radial direction are formed closer to inner diameter-side portions than the second conical surfaces.
(9) The tapered roller bearing according to any one of (2) to (4) and (6) is characterized in that at least a part of each of the pillar parts that constitute the first engagement allowance on the inner diameter side of each of the pockets and at least a part of each of the pillar parts that constitute the second engagement allowance on the outer diameter side of each of the pockets have tapered shapes.
(10) The tapered roller bearing according to any one of (1) to (9) is characterized in that:
each of the bumps has a conical shape or a spherical shape; and
each of the bumps is formed such that, out of the inner surface of the small diameter ring part, the inner surface other than the bump does not overlap the bump when viewed in the axial direction.
(11) The tapered roller bearing according to any one of (1) to (10) is characterized in that the cage has a ring-like cutout part formed on at least one of an inner circumferential surface of the large diameter ring part and an outer circumferential surface of the small diameter ring part such that a thickness of the ring part is thinner than thicknesses of the pillar parts.
The expression “the substantially flat surfaces in the radial direction” of (8) above are not limited to the flat surfaces extending in the radial direction or the flat surfaces along which the facing surfaces are parallel to each other, and may be flat surfaces directed in the radial direction within a range in which a metal mold can be released in an axial direction.
According to the tapered roller bearing related to the first invention of the present invention, each of the pillar parts includes a first protrusion that retains each of the tapered rollers on an inner diameter side of each of the pockets and a second protrusion that retains each of the tapered rollers on an outer diameter side of each of the pockets, bumps are formed on only an inner surface of the small diameter ring part in the pockets, and end faces of the tapered rollers facing the bumps are substantially flat surfaces or recesses.
Thereby, when the bearing is assembled by arranging the tapered rollers and the cage in a specified direction, that is, the cage in which the tapered rollers are incorporated are arranged with the small diameter ring part thereof directed upward and the large diameter ring part thereof directed downward, rotation of small diameter-side tails of the tapered rollers in a tilt direction can be inhibited. Thus, falling of the tapered rollers from the cage can be reliably prevented, and an optimal cage and roller structure is obtained. In the tapered roller bearing related to the first invention of the present invention, especially in a case in which a contact angle is great (e.g., 35° or more), an effect of restraining the falling of the tapered rollers is remarkable.
According to the tapered roller bearing related to the second invention of the present invention, the neighboring pillar parts constitute a first engagement allowance in which an inner diameter-side opening width of each of the pockets becomes smaller than a roller diameter at a position of the opening width in a direction of a rotation axis of each of the tapered rollers at at least a part of an inner diameter side of each of the pockets, and constitute a second engagement allowance in which an outer diameter-side opening width of each of the pockets becomes smaller than the roller diameter at a position of the opening width in the direction of the rotation axis of each of the tapered rollers at at least a part of an outer diameter side of each of the pockets, bumps are formed on an inner surface of the small diameter ring part in the pockets, and end faces of the tapered rollers facing the bumps are substantially flat surfaces.
Thereby, when the bearing is assembled by arranging the tapered rollers and the cage in a specified direction, that is, the cage in which the tapered rollers are incorporated are arranged with the small diameter ring part thereof directed upward and the large diameter ring part thereof directed downward, rotation of small diameter-side tails of the tapered rollers in a tilt direction can be inhibited. Thus, falling of the tapered rollers from the cage can be reliably prevented, and an optimal cage and roller structure is obtained. In the tapered roller bearing related to the second invention of the present invention, especially in a case in which a contact angle is great (e.g., 35° or more), an effect of restraining the falling of the tapered rollers is remarkable. Further, in the tapered roller bearing related to the second invention of the present invention, since the end faces of the tapered rollers facing the bumps are the substantially flat surfaces, production costs can be reduced because a process of recessing the end faces of the tapered rollers is not especially added.
According to the tapered roller bearing related to the third invention of the present invention, the neighboring pillar parts constitute a first engagement allowance in which an inner diameter-side opening width of each of the pockets becomes smaller than a roller diameter at a position of the opening width in a direction of a rotation axis of each of the tapered rollers at at least a part of an inner diameter side of each of the pockets, and constitute a second engagement allowance in which an outer diameter-side opening width of each of the pockets becomes smaller than the roller diameter at a position of the opening width in the direction of the rotation axis of each of the tapered rollers at at least a part of an outer diameter side of each of the pockets, recesses are formed in small diameter-side end faces of the tapered rollers, and bumps protruding to enter the recesses are formed in an inner surface of the small diameter ring part in the pockets.
Thereby, when the bearing is assembled by arranging the tapered rollers and the cage in a specified direction, that is, the cage in which the tapered rollers are incorporated are arranged with the small diameter ring part thereof directed upward and the large diameter ring part thereof directed downward, rotation of small diameter-side tails of the tapered rollers in a tilt direction can be inhibited. Thus, falling of the tapered rollers from the cage can be reliably prevented, and an optimal cage and roller structure is obtained. In the tapered roller bearing related to the third invention of the present invention, especially in a case in which a contact angle is great (e.g., 35° or more), an effect of restraining the falling of the tapered rollers is remarkable.
Hereinafter, a tapered roller bearing according to each embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail on the basis of the drawings.
As illustrated in
The outer ring raceway surface 2a formed on the outer ring 2 is provided on the inner circumferential surface of the outer ring 2 such that an inner diameter is gradually increased from a small diameter side to a large diameter side.
The inner ring 3 includes a large flange 3b that is formed at a large diameter-side end to protrude outward in a radial direction, and the inner ring raceway surface 3a continues to a small diameter-side end face 3c, and is provided such that an outer diameter is gradually increased from the small diameter-side end face 3c to the large flange 3b. That is, the inner ring 3 has a flange part at only one of a large diameter-side end and a small diameter-side end, i.e., at the large diameter-side end. The inner ring 3 is not provided with a small flange, so that a roller length Lw can be made longer, and a load capacity can be increased to improve moment rigidity and to have a long lifespan.
As illustrated in
The contact angle α ranges from 35° to 55°, so that the moment rigidity can be improved. When a pair of tapered roller bearings 1 are arranged in an axial direction and are used, in a case in which an inter-bearing distance is short, and particularly is equal to or less than four time an assembly width T of the bearing, if the contact angle α ranges from 35° to 55°, this can increase an inter-load center distance, and is especially useful in improving the moment rigidity of the bearing.
The tapered roller bearing 1 of the present embodiment is suitable for a size in which a bearing inner diameter is 30 to 500 mm and a bearing outer diameter is 33 to 650 mm.
As illustrated in
A thermoplastic resin having heat resistance of a certain level or higher can be used as a base resin used for a resin composition that can be used in the cage 10.
To satisfy fatigue resistance and a low dimensional change by water absorption which are required as the cage 10, the base resin is preferably a crystalline resin, and particularly polyamide 46, polyamide 66, an aromatic polyamide resin, a polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) resin, a polyether ether ketone (PEEK) resin, or the like. Modified polyamide 6T such as polyamide 6T/6I, polyamide MXD6, polyamide 9T, and polyamide 4T can be used as the aromatic polyamide resin. Among the base resins described above, the polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) resin and the polyether ether ketone (PEEK) resin that have almost no dimensional change by water absorption are especially suitable.
This resin composition contains a reinforced fiber material in order to achieve strength of a certain level or higher and inhibit a linear expansion coefficient and a dimensional change by water absorption. As the reinforced fiber material, a surface treated product (surface-treated with a silane coupling agent or a sizing agent, so that adhesiveness to the base resin is improved) such as a glass fiber, a carbon fiber, or an aramid fiber can be preferably used.
A content of the reinforced fiber material in the resin composition is not less than 10 wt % and not more than 40 wt % on the basis of the total resin composition, and more preferably 15 to 30 wt %.
The resin cage 10 is manufactured by injection molding, and is injection-molded by an axial draw type mold advantageous in cost in the present embodiment.
As illustrated in
As illustrated in
Curvatures of the conical surfaces 15A and 15B are set to be slightly larger than a curvature of each of the tapered rollers 4.
As illustrated in
That is, in the present embodiment, each of the pillar parts 13 includes the protrusions 17A constituting a first protrusion that retains each of the tapered rollers 4 at an inner diameter side of each of the pockets P, and the protrusions 17B constituting a second protrusion that retains each of the tapered rollers 4 at an outer diameter side of each of the pockets P.
Since the tapered rollers 4 and the resin cage 10 are integrated, an inner diameter-side opening width W1 of each pocket has a smaller dimension than a roller large diameter Dw1 at the protrusions 17A closer to the large diameter ring part of each of the pillar parts 13, and an outer diameter-side opening width W2 of each pocket has a smaller dimension than a roller small diameter Dw2 at the protrusions 17B closer to the small diameter ring part of each of the pillar parts 13.
That is, in the present embodiment as well, the neighboring pillar parts 13 constitutes a second engagement allowance in which the outer diameter-side opening width W2 of each of the pockets P becomes smaller than a roller diameter at a position of the opening width W2 in a direction of the rotation axis X of each of the tapered rollers 4 on the outer diameter side of each of the pockets P by means of the protrusions 17B closer to the small diameter ring part. In addition, the neighboring pillar parts 13 constitutes a first engagement allowance in which the inner diameter-side opening width W1 of each of the pockets P becomes smaller than a roller diameter at a position of the opening width W1 in the direction of the rotation axis X of each of the tapered rollers 4 on the inner diameter side of each of the pockets P by means of the protrusions 17A closer to the large diameter ring part.
Here, the first engagement allowance (Dw1-W1) at the protrusions 17A closer to the large diameter ring part of each of the pillar parts 13 is preferably set to 0.1 mm to 0.7 mm, and the second engagement allowance (Dw2-W2) at the protrusions 17B closer to the small diameter ring part of each of the pillar parts 13 is preferably set to 0.1 mm to 0.6 mm. Especially, in terms of an excellent balance between roller insertability and roller retainability, the first engagement allowance (Dw1-W1) at the protrusions 17A closer to the large diameter ring part of each of the pillar parts 13 is more preferably set to 0.2 mm to 0.6 mm, and the second engagement allowance (Dw2-W2) at the protrusions 17B closer to the small diameter ring part of each of the pillar parts 13 is more preferably set to 0.1 mm to 0.3 mm.
Further, recessed grooves 14 and 14 running along the mold parting lines A′ are formed in the facing surfaces of the neighboring pillar parts 13 and 13. Depths of the recessed grooves 14 and 14 are designed to be 0.1 to 0.8 mm. When the depths of the recessed grooves 14 and 14 are less than 0.1 mm, burrs bu may protrude to a pocket surface to obstruct smooth rotation of each of the tapered rollers 4. Meanwhile, when the depths of the recessed grooves 14 and 14 exceed 0.8 mm, thicknesses of the pillar parts 13 and 13 may be reduced, and strength may be reduced.
As illustrated in
Apexes of the bumps 21 are located on the rotation axes X of the tapered rollers 4, but they may be offset and located from the rotation axes X of the tapered rollers 4.
As illustrated in
Therefore, as a result of considering both rotation and assembly of the bearing, the apex of the bump 21 is preferably provided closer to an inner diameter-side opening 19 of the pocket P than a position through which the rotation axis X of the tapered roller 4 passes on the inner surface of the small diameter ring part 12. Further, the apex of the bump 21 is more preferably provided between the intersection D1 and the facing position D2 facing the intersection E (that is, on a straight line G connected between D1 and D2) on the inner surface of the small diameter ring part of the cage.
Further, a size of the bump 21 is also designed in consideration of both the rotation and the assembly of the bearing. That is, as illustrated in
A shape of the bump 21 formed in the cage 10 is also preferably a conical shape or a spherical shape formed by a metal mold when the cage is injection-molded by an axial draw type mold.
According to this configuration, the conical surfaces 15A and 15B that are in sliding contact with the outer circumferential surface of each of the tapered rollers 4, and the radial planes 16A and 16B are divided to the outer diameter side and the inner diameter side from the mold parting line A′, and are alternately formed on the facing surface of each of the neighboring pillar parts 13 and 13, each of the tapered rollers 4 is retained by the conical surface 15A located at the outer diameter side from the mold parting line A′ and the conical surface 15B located at the inner diameter side, and thus the retainment is possible with the tapered rollers 4, 4, . . . embraced in a state in which the tapered rollers 4 are not incorporated between the inner and outer rings of the tapered roller bearing.
In each of the pockets P, the bump 21 is formed on the inner surface of the small diameter ring part 12, and the small diameter-side end face of each of the tapered rollers 4 is formed to be a substantially flat surface. For this reason, when the bearing 1 is assembled by arranging the tapered rollers 4 and the cage 10 in a specified direction, that is, the cage 10 in which the tapered rollers 4 are incorporated as illustrated in
Accordingly, due to this cage and rollers, for example, assembly can be easily performed by an automatic machine, and the assembly of the tapered roller bearing is facilitated.
Since the conical surfaces 15A and 15B that are in sliding contact with the outer circumferential surface of each of the tapered rollers 4, and the radial planes 16A and 16B are divided to the outer diameter side and the inner diameter side from the mold parting line A′, and are alternately formed on the facing surface of each of the neighboring pillar parts 13 and 13, a metal mold can be released in an axial direction, and the cage can be injection-molded by an axial draw type mold.
Accordingly, since the metal mold does not become complicated and expensive, the manufacturing costs of the resin cage 10 for the tapered roller bearing are not increased.
As illustrated in
In the case of the present embodiment, at least a part of each of the pillar parts 13 that constitute the first engagement allowance on the inner diameter side of each of the pockets P and at least a part of each of the pillar parts 13 that constitute the second engagement allowance on the outer diameter side of each of the pockets P are also disposed at positions at which they do not overlap each other in an axial direction.
Accordingly, despite a configuration having the first and second protrusions and the first and second engagement allowances, a metal mold can be released in an axial direction.
Further, since the recessed grooves 14, 14, . . . , each of which runs along the mold parting line A′, are formed in the pillar parts 13, 13, . . . having the pockets P, P, . . . , even when the burrs occur due to the mold parting lines A′ inside the pockets P, the burrs that have such sizes as to stay inside the recessed grooves 14 do not interfere with the tapered rollers 4, and thus the burrs that have such sizes as to stay inside the recessed grooves 14 can be accepted.
Accordingly, a risk of the burrs falling off from the cage 10 during the rotation of the tapered roller bearing to damage the tapered rollers and the raceway surfaces of the inner and outer rings and a risk of obstructing the smooth rotation of the tapered rollers 4 can be considerably reduced.
The mold parting lines A′ are formed in the midsections of the pillar parts 13 in a radial direction such that the inner diameter-side conical surfaces 15A and the outer diameter-side conical surfaces 15B are equalized in lengths of the pillar parts 13 in an extending direction. Thereby, the falling of the tapered rollers 4 to the inner diameter side and the outer diameter side can be reliably prevented by the inner diameter-side conical surfaces 15A and the outer diameter-side conical surfaces 15B.
The mold parting lines A′ are preferably the midsections of the pillar parts 13 in the radial direction. However, as long as the falling of the tapered rollers 4 can be prevented by the inner diameter-side conical surfaces 15A and the outer diameter-side conical surfaces 15B, the mold parting lines A′ may be formed around the midsections of the pillar parts 13 in the radial direction, that is, slight shift from the midsections in the radial direction to the inner diameter side or the outer diameter side.
As illustrated in
The large flange 3b of the inner ring 3 can enter the ring-like cutout part 20, and the large flange 3b is enlarged as much, so that application of the axial load can be increased. Further, since the cutout part 20 cuts out a part of each of the pillar parts 13 in the radial direction, interference with the large flange 3b can be avoided.
In the embodiment, the ring-like cutout part 20 is formed in the inner circumferential surface of the large diameter ring part 11, but the ring-like cutout part may be formed in at least one of the inner circumferential surface of the large diameter ring part 11 and an outer circumferential surface of the small diameter ring part 12. For example, the ring-like cutout part may be formed in both the inner circumferential surface of the large diameter ring part 11 and the outer circumferential surface of the small diameter ring part 12, and the tapered rollers 4 may be easily inserted from both sides of the cage 10.
A tilt angle α2 of the outer circumferential surface of the cage 10 with respect to the rotation axis of the tapered roller bearing 1 is set to not less than 32°30′ and less than 55° corresponding to the contact angle α of the tapered roller bearing 1, and preferably to not less than 32°30′ and not more than 54°.
As described above, according to the tapered roller bearing 1 of the present embodiment, the neighboring pillar parts 13 constitute the first engagement allowance in which the inner diameter-side opening width of each of the pockets P becomes smaller than the roller diameter at the position of the opening width in the direction of the rotation axis X of each of the tapered rollers 4 at at least a part of the inner diameter side of each of the pockets P, and constitute the second engagement allowance in which the outer diameter-side opening width of each of the pockets P becomes smaller than the roller diameter at the position of the opening width in the direction of the rotation axis X of each of the tapered rollers 4 at at least a part of the outer diameter side of each of the pockets P. The bumps 21 are formed on the inner surface of the small diameter ring part 12 in the pockets P, and the small diameter-side end faces of the tapered rollers 4 are formed to be a substantially flat surface. Thereby, the tapered roller bearing 1 of the present embodiment can reliably prevent the falling of the tapered rollers 4 from the cage 10 with a simple configuration in which the bumps 21 are provided on the cage 10, in addition to the configuration in which the tapered rollers 4 are retained on the outer and inner diameter sides of the pockets P.
Since the apexes of the bumps 21 are provided closer to the inner diameter-side openings 19 of the pockets P than the positions, through which the rotation axes X of the tapered rollers 4 pass, on the inner surface of the small diameter ring part 12, the falling of the tapered rollers 4 from the cage 10 during assembly can be prevented while suppressing the heights of the bumps 21.
Since the conical surfaces 15A and 15B, which are in sliding contact with the outer circumferential surface of each of the tapered rollers 4, and the radial planes 16A and 16B are divided to the outer diameter side and the inner diameter side from the mold parting line A′, and are alternately formed on the facing surface of each of the neighboring pillar parts 13, each of the tapered rollers 4 is retained by the conical surface 15A located at the outer diameter side from the mold parting line A′ and the conical surface 15B located at the inner diameter side, and thus the retainment is possible with the tapered rollers 4 embraced in the state in which the tapered rollers 4 are not incorporated between the inner and outer rings of the tapered roller bearing 1. Accordingly, due to this cage and rollers, for example, the assembly can be easily performed by an automatic machine, and the assembly of the tapered roller bearing is facilitated.
According to the present embodiment, since the conical surfaces 15A and 15B, which are in sliding contact with the outer circumferential surface of each of the tapered rollers 4, and the radial planes 16A and 16B are divided to the outer diameter side and the inner diameter side from the mold parting line A′, and are alternately formed on the facing surface of each of the neighboring pillar parts 13, a pair of metal molds can be released in an axial direction, and the large diameter ring part 11, the small diameter ring part 12, and the pillar parts 13 can be injection-molded by an axial draw type mold. Accordingly, since the metal molds do not become complicated and expensive, the manufacturing costs of the resin cage 10 for the tapered roller bearing are not increased.
The cage 10 of the present embodiment is not limited to the injection molding by the axial draw type mold using the pair of metal molds, and may be injection-molded using an insert and a core in part.
Since the recessed grooves 14, each of which runs along the mold parting line A′, are formed in the facing surfaces of the pillar parts 13, even when the burrs occur due to the mold parting lines A′ inside the pockets P, the burrs that have such sizes as to stay inside the recessed grooves 14 do not interfere with the tapered rollers 4, and thus the burrs that have such sizes as to stay inside the recessed grooves 14 can be accepted. Accordingly, the risk of the burrs falling off from the cage 10 during the rotation of the tapered roller bearing to damage the tapered rollers 4 and the raceway surfaces of the inner and outer rings and the risk of obstructing the smooth rotation of the tapered rollers 4 can be considerably reduced.
The mold parting lines A′ are formed in the midsections of the pillar parts 13 in the radial direction such that the inner diameter-side conical surfaces 15A and the outer diameter-side conical surfaces 15B are equalized in the lengths of the pillar parts 13 in the extending direction. Thereby, the falling of the tapered rollers 4 to the inner diameter side and the outer diameter side can be reliably prevented by the inner diameter-side conical surfaces 15A and the outer diameter-side conical surfaces 15B.
Further, the neighboring pillar parts 13 constitute an engagement allowance of 0.1 mm to 0.7 mm at the protrusions 17A close to the large diameter ring part, and are formed such that the inner diameter-side opening width W1 of each of the pockets P is smaller than the roller large diameter Dw1 of each of the tapered rollers 4, and constitute an engagement allowance of 0.1 mm to 0.6 mm at the protrusions 17B close to the small diameter ring part, and are formed such that the outer diameter-side opening width W2 of each of the pockets P is smaller than the roller small diameter Dw2 of each of the tapered rollers 4. Thereby, the insertability and retainability of the tapered rollers 4 into and in the cage 10 can be improved.
That is, the neighboring pillar parts 13 may constitute an engagement allowance of 0.1 mm to 0.7 mm at at least a part of the inner diameter side of each of the pockets P, and be formed such that the inner diameter-side opening width W1 of each of the pockets P is smaller than the roller large diameter Dw1 of each of the tapered rollers 4, and may constitute an engagement allowance of 0.1 mm to 0.6 mm at at least a part of the outer diameter side of each of the pockets P, and be formed such that the outer diameter-side opening width W2 of each of the pockets P is smaller than the roller small diameter Dw2 of each of the tapered rollers 4.
Since the tilt angle α2 of the cage 10 is set to not less than 32°30′ and less than 55°, the cage 10 can also be applied to the tapered roller bearing 1 having a sharp gradient in which a contact angle α ranges from 35° to 55°.
Further, in the tapered roller bearing 1, the small flange for the inner ring is eliminated to realize high moment rigidity and a long lifespan, so that the roller length is prolonged to that extent. To cope with this, the present embodiment sets the engagement allowances for the cage 10, thereby improving roller retaining performance of the cage 10 and realizing integration of the tapered rollers 4 and the cage 10. Thus, the cage 10 adopted for the tapered roller bearing 1 of the present embodiment realizes a function as the small flange for the inner ring instead of the small flange for the inner ring which fundamentally serves to retain the tapered rollers 4, and can effectively inhibit the roller's falling of the tapered roller bearing 1 having the sharp gradient in which the contact angle ranges from 35° to 55°.
In the embodiment, the recessed grooves 14 are formed along the mold parting lines A′. However, since the recessed grooves 14 are responsible for reducing the strengths of the pillar parts 13, the recessed grooves 14 are preferably formed as small as possible. For example, like a modification illustrated in
In the embodiment, the end faces of the tapered rollers 4 which face the bumps 21 may be a substantially flat surface, and they may be a flat surface and a curved surface having a small curvature.
Next, a tapered roller bearing according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to
In the present embodiment, as illustrated in
The apexes of the bumps 21 are located on the rotation axes X of the tapered rollers 4, and each of the recesses 4 is made up of a circular bottom, and a tapered lateral surface that is tapered from an opening side.
The apex of each of the bumps 21 may be located with it offset from the rotation axis X of each of the tapered rollers 4.
As illustrated in
Further, as illustrated in
The tapered lateral surface of the recess 4a of the tapered roller 4 is designed in a size in which the tapered roller 4 does not interfere with the bump 21 when moving into the pocket P.
In addition, like a modification illustrated in
Like another modification illustrated in
As described above, according to the tapered roller bearing 1 of the present embodiment, the neighboring pillar parts 13 constitute the first engagement allowance in which the inner diameter-side opening width of the pocket P becomes smaller than the roller diameter at the position of the opening width in the direction of the rotation axis X of the tapered roller 4 at at least a part of the inner diameter side of the pocket P, and constitute the second engagement allowance in which the outer diameter-side opening width of the pocket P becomes smaller than the roller diameter at the position of the opening width in the direction of the rotation axis X of the tapered roller 4 at at least a part of the outer diameter side of the pocket P. The recess 4a is formed in the small diameter-side end face of the tapered roller 4, and the bump 21 protruding to enter the recess 4a is formed on the inner surface of the small diameter ring part 12 having the pocket P. Thereby, the tapered roller bearing 1 of the present embodiment can reliably prevent the falling of the tapered roller 4 from the cage 10 with a simple configuration in which the recess 4a is provided in the tapered roller 4 and the bump 21 is provided on the cage 10, in addition to the configuration in which the tapered roller 4 is retained on the outer and inner diameter sides of the pocket P.
In the tapered roller bearing of the present embodiment, especially, when a bearing size is small, an effect of preventing the falling of the tapered roller can be effectively obtained.
Next, a tapered roller bearing according to a third embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to
In the present embodiment, as illustrated in
By providing these axial extensions 2b and 3e, mounting and positioning characteristics when the bearing is assembled to an apparatus can be improved, and axial lengths of bearing rings can be increased. Thus, assemblability to a shaft or a housing can be improved.
Other configurations and operations are the same as in the second embodiment.
In the present embodiment, the axial extensions 2b and 3e are provided on both the inner and outer rings 2 and 3. However, the axial extension may be configured to be provided on only any one of the inner and outer rings 2 and 3.
Next, a tapered roller bearing according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to
As illustrated in
The oblique planes 15A1 and 15B1 are inclined inside the pocket P in a circumferential direction beyond the radial planes 16A and 16B. For this reason, the portions of the pillar parts 13 constituting the oblique planes 15A1 and 15B1 are formed in a tapered shape in which they are tapered inward in a radial direction.
In the present embodiment, the neighboring pillar parts 13 constitute a second engagement allowance in which the outer diameter-side opening width of the pocket P becomes smaller than a roller diameter at a position of the opening width in a direction of the rotation axis X of the tapered roller 4 by means of the oblique planes 15B1 on the outer diameter side of the pocket P. In addition, the neighboring pillar parts 13 constitute a first engagement allowance in which the inner diameter-side opening width of the pocket P becomes smaller than a roller diameter at a position of the opening width in the direction of the rotation axis X of the tapered roller 4 by means of the oblique planes 15A1 on the inner diameter side of the pocket P.
That is, in the present embodiment, the oblique planes 15A1 on the inner diameter side of the pocket P are continuously formed up to the inner circumferential surfaces of the pillar parts 13, and the oblique planes 15A1 constitute a first protrusion that retains the tapered roller 4 on the inner diameter side of the pocket P. In addition, the oblique planes 15B1 on the outer diameter side of the pocket P are continuously formed up to the outer circumferential surfaces of the pillar parts 13, and the oblique planes 15B1 constitute a second protrusion that retains the tapered roller 4 on the outer diameter side of the pocket P.
Accordingly, at least a part of each of the pillar parts 13 that constitute the first engagement allowance on the inner diameter side of the pocket P and at least a part of each of the pillar parts 13 that constitute the second engagement allowance on the outer diameter side of the pocket P have tapered shapes.
In the pockets P, bumps 21 are formed on the inner surface of the small diameter ring part 12. Meanwhile, the small diameter-side end faces of the tapered rollers 4 which face the bumps 21 are formed to be a substantially flat surface.
Apexes of the bumps 21 are located on the rotation axes X of the tapered rollers 4, but they may be offset and located from the rotation axes X of the tapered rollers 4.
As illustrated in
When an intersection E between the small diameter-side end face of the roller and the outer circumferential surface of the roller approaches the inner surface of the small diameter ring part 12 of the cage first when the tapered roller falls off, if the bump 21 is provided at a facing position D2 of the small diameter ring part 12 which faces the intersection E in the direction of the rotation axis, an effect of preventing falling when the tapered roller 4 falls off from the cage 10 is most excellent. The intersection E rotates about an apex F of a ridgeline of the first engagement allowance.
Therefore, as a result of considering both rotation and assembly of the bearing, the apex of the bump 21 is preferably provided closer to an inner diameter-side opening 19 of the pocket P than a position through which the rotation axis X of the tapered roller 4 passes on the inner surface of the small diameter ring part 12. Further, the apex of the bump 21 is more preferably provided between the intersection D1 and the facing position D2 facing the intersection E (that is, on a straight line G connected between D1 and D2) on the inner surface of the small diameter ring part of the cage.
However, since the bump 21 of the present embodiment has a substantially spherical shape, the apex of the bump 21 is on an outer diameter side beyond the facing position D2.
The bump 21 is formed at a middle position of the pocket P in a circumferential direction on the inner surface of the small diameter ring part 12.
Further, a size of the bump 21 is also designed in consideration of both the rotation and the assembly of the bearing. That is, a height of the bump 21 in the direction of the rotation axis X is designed such that the tapered roller 4 rotates in a state in which the tapered roller 4 is retained in the cage 10 and intersects a locus EA (see
Accordingly, the tapered roller bearing 1 of the present embodiment also has a cage and roller structure with a simple configuration in which the bumps 21 are provide on the cage 10 while being configured to retain each of the tapered rollers 4 by the first and the second engagement allowances on the outer and inner diameter sides of each of the pockets P. That is, the bump 21 and the small diameter-side tail of the tapered roller 4 can be brought into contact with each other, the oblique planes 15A1 on the large ring side can be made to retain the large diameter-side head of the tapered roller 4, and the rotation of the small diameter-side tail of the tapered roller 4 in a tilt direction can be restrained, so that the falling of the tapered roller 4 from the cage 10 can be reliably prevented.
Other configurations and operations are the same as in the first embodiment.
The cage 10 having shapes of the facing surfaces of the pillar parts 13 and 13 of the present embodiment can be applied in combination with the tapered roller 4 having the recess 4a in the end face of the second embodiment.
The present invention is not limited to the aforementioned embodiments, and is appropriately made possible modifications, improvements, and so on. Each of the embodiments can be substantially combined within a range within which it can be carried out.
In the shape of the tapered roller bearing of each of the embodiment of the present invention, in the specification in which the bearing size having a small diameter-side diameter of the roller of 10 mm or less is relatively small, the effect of preventing the falling of the roller is high.
In addition, “the substantially flat surface in the first radial direction” and “the substantially flat surface in the second radial direction” in the present invention are not limited to the flat surfaces extending in the radial direction or the flat surfaces along which the facing surfaces of the neighboring pillar parts are parallel to each other, may be flat surfaces directed in the radial direction within a range in which they can be molded by axial drawing, are not limited to the flat surfaces represented in the present embodiment, and may be formed by a combination of a flat surface with a curved surface having a small curvature or a curved surface.
In the present embodiment, the contact angle α of the roller bearing is set to a sharp gradient of 35° to 55°, but it is not limited thereto. However, in the roller bearing of this sharp gradient, the bumps are provided on the cage, so that the falling of the tapered rollers from the cage can be effectively prevented.
Further, in the present embodiment, the material of the cage is the resin. However, the material of the cage of the present invention is optional.
In the present embodiment, the cage is manufactured by injection molding, but it is not limited thereto. The cage may be manufactured by a 3D printer having a high degree of freedom for design.
In addition, the facing surfaces of the pillar parts 13 for forming the pockets of the cage of the present invention are not limited to the present embodiment as long as they constitute the first engagement allowance and the second engagement allowance. For example, the facing surfaces of the pillar parts 13 may be made up of the inner diameter-side conical surfaces 15A, the outer diameter-side conical surfaces 15B, the radial planes 16A, the radial planes 16B, and the protrusions 17A and 17B like the first embodiment, may be made up of the oblique planes 15A1 and 15B1, the radial planes 16A, and the radial plane 16B like the fourth embodiment, and may have other configurations. For example, like the fourth embodiment, the portions of the pillar parts constituting the first and second engagement allowances may be formed in the tapered shape, that is, be the conical surfaces 15A and 15B and the oblique planes 15A1 and 15B1. The protrusions 17A and 17B may also be formed in an arbitrary shape, and for instance in a curved shape or in a platform shape.
In the tapered roller bearing illustrated in
In the tapered roller bearing illustrated in
In the tapered roller bearing illustrated in
This application is based on Japanese Patent Application Nos. 2015-185480 and 2015-230117, filed on Sep. 18, 2015 and Nov. 25, 2015, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
1 Tapered roller bearing
2 Outer ring
2
a Outer ring raceway surface
3 Inner ring
3
a Inner ring raceway surface
3
b Large flange (flange part)
4 Tapered roller
10 Resin cage for tapered roller bearing
11 Large diameter ring part
12 Small diameter ring part
13 Pillar part
14 Recessed groove
15A Inner diameter-side conical surface, first conical surface
15B Outer diameter-side conical surface, second conical surface
16A Radial plane (substantially flat surface in first radial direction)
16B Radial plane (substantially flat surface in second radial direction)
17A Protrusion (first protrusion)
17B Protrusion (second protrusion)
20 Cutout part
21 Bump
A, A′ Mold parting line
B Inner ring width
C Virtual conical plane connecting rotation axis of tapered roller
Lw Roller length
P Pocket
T Assembly width
α Contact angle
α2 Cage tilt angle
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2015-185480 | Sep 2015 | JP | national |
| 2015-230117 | Nov 2015 | JP | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2016/077364 | 9/16/2016 | WO | 00 |
| Publishing Document | Publishing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| WO2017/047727 | 3/23/2017 | WO | A |
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| 20170204906 | Koganei et al. | Jul 2017 | A1 |
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| 2006-46465 | Feb 2006 | JP |
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| WO-2014104132 | Jul 2014 | WO |
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| 2015129709 | Sep 2015 | WO |
| Entry |
|---|
| International Search Report, issued by International Searching Authority in corresponding International Application No. PCT/JP2016/077364, dated Nov. 8, 2016, (PCT/ISA/210). |
| Written Opinion, issued by International Searching Authority in corresponding International Application No. PCT/JP2016/077364, dated Nov. 8, 2016, (PCT/ISA/237). |
| Communication dated Sep. 6, 2016, from the Japanese Patent Office in counterpart application No. 2016-010618. |
| Communication dated Sep. 20, 2018, from the European Patent Office in counterpart European Application No. 16846598.7. |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20190360530 A1 | Nov 2019 | US |
