1. Field
Embodiments of the invention relate to targeted advertisement selection. More specifically, one embodiment of the invention relates to an apparatus and method for selecting targeted advertisements from a digital stream based upon user preferences.
2. General Background
Television is used to deliver content, such as entertainment and educational programs to viewers. Service providers, such as television stations and networks, broadcast entertainment and information programming via a communications medium, such as a television network or cable system, from the head-end of a communications system to a client or user at the receiving end of the system. Traditionally, a large source of revenue for service providers has been from paid advertisements.
The growth of digital television transmitted over satellite, cable, as well as terrestrial networks has increased the amount of different channels available for viewing by users and has driven advertisers to “better target” users by local personalized advertisements, which may generate better leads for future sales. Further, the advent of Personal Video Recorders (PVRs) and Video On Demand (VOD) is a threat to advertisers because it creates ad-skippers. As viewers start evading advertisements, ad agencies must compete on innovative ways to ensure their advertisements are viewed.
There is therefore a need to re-work TV advertising to create innovative techniques that can exploit advertisement opportunities.
Personalization in television advertising has been identified by advertisers as a technique that may be useful in targeting advertising to individual users by focusing on users' likes and dislikes.
Unfortunately, conventional digital video content, such as MPEG video, takes the form of a single program, movie, or other content without the opportunity for a service provider or a user to modify the viewing experience by selecting alternative content, such as, targeted advertisements. Various mechanisms have been proposed for providing interactive or personalized content, but typically such proposals have been expensive to implement, take up large amounts of bandwidth, and may require expensive specialized equipment.
Embodiments of the invention are illustrated by way of example and not by way of limitation in the figures of the accompanying drawings, in which like references indicate similar elements and in which:
In the following description, the various embodiments of the invention will be described in detail. However, such details are included to facilitate understanding of the invention and to describe exemplary embodiments for employing the invention. Such details should not be used to limit the invention to the particular embodiments described because other variations and embodiments are possible while staying within the scope of the invention. Furthermore, although numerous details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the invention, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that these specific details are not required in order to practice the embodiments of the invention. In other instances details such as, well-known methods, types of data, protocols, procedures, components, electrical structures and circuits, are not described in detail, or are shown in block diagram form, in order not to obscure the invention.
For purposes of the present description, the term “digital device” may refer to a television that is adapted to tune, receive, decrypt, descramble and/or decode transmissions from any content provider. Examples of “content providers” may include a terrestrial broadcaster, a cable or satellite television distribution system, or a company providing content for download over the Internet or other Internet Protocol (IP) based networks like an Internet service provider. However, it is contemplated that the digital device may be of another form factor besides a television, such as a set-top box, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a computer, a cellular telephone, a video game console, a portable music player, a stereo system, a personal video recorder, or the like.
In the following description, certain terminology is used to describe features of the invention. For example, in certain situations, the terms “component,” “unit” and “logic” are representative of hardware and/or software configured to perform one or more functions. For instance, examples of “hardware” include, but are not limited or restricted to an integrated circuit such as a processor (e.g., a digital signal processor, microprocessor, application specific integrated circuit, a micro-controller, etc.). of course, the hardware may be alternatively implemented as a finite state machine or even combinatorial logic.
An example of “software” includes executable code in the form of an application, an applet, a routine or even a series of instructions. The software may be stored in any type of machine readable medium such as a programmable electronic circuit, a semiconductor memory device such as volatile memory (e.g., random access memory, etc.) and/or non-volatile memory (e.g., any type of read-only memory “ROM”, flash memory, etc.), a floppy diskette, an optical disk (e.g., compact disk or digital video disc “DVD”), a hard drive disk, a tape, or the like.
In addition, the term “program” generally represents a stream of digital content that is configured for transmission to one or more digital devices for viewing and/or listening. According to one embodiment, the program may contain multiple Packet Identifiers (PIDs) when the program is MPEG (Moving Pictures Expert Group) compliant compressed video. These multiple PIDs may provide for replacement of one scene of content for another. The “scene” is defined as one or more frames of content, namely video, images, audio or any combination thereof. For instance, a scene may be one or more frames of video and/or audio, or even a packet of music downloaded into a portable music player.
More specifically, multiple PIDs may be associated with a single program in order to provide content replacement for this program. Content replacement provides an enhanced level of viewing/listening customization. For example, content replacement can be used to provide targeted advertising to a user. Content replacement can also be used to provide multiple scenes, endings or other segments for a program, or perhaps to provide multiple views in a sportscast or other program. Other applications for the content replacement of the invention fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Herein advertisements (hereinafter referred to as “ads”) may be broadly defined. Particularly, advertisements may include a logo, a banner, or may be a full audio/visual (A/V) commercial. Advertisements may be of many different forms. As an example, a logo such as “Pepsi” or “Coke” may be considered an ad and may be swapped or replaced in a TV series or a commercial by various means, such as, macro-block or slice substitution.
Also, ads may include multiple and different types of ad versions. For example, one ad may be for a national car dealership whereas another version of the same ad may be for a local car dealership. These types of ads may be efficiently inter-utilized by simply replacing national call names for local call names.
Ads may additionally include banner ads that may be presented over currently playing video content, for example, by frame substitution.
Further, ads may also be “full motion” audio/visual ads that include areas that may contain customizable static text areas and that may be susceptible to audio/visual replacement of characters, actors, locations, settings, scenes, objects, etc.
Thus, ads include, but are not limited to the above-described examples, but, as should be appreciated by those skilled in this art, may include any type of ad.
While this invention is susceptible to implementation in embodiments of many different forms, there is shown in the drawings and will herein be described in detail specific embodiments, with the understanding that the present disclosure is to be considered as an example of the principles of the invention and not intended to limit the invention to the specific embodiments shown and described.
In one embodiment, embodiments of the present invention relate to targeted ad swapping for digital content received from a digital broadcast stream for a user.
More particularly, embodiments of the invention may relate to an apparatus and method for receiving incoming content, such as, a digital broadcast stream, including a primary advertisement and one or more replacement advertisements. If a replacement advertisement is determined to be more appropriate than a primary advertisement to a user based upon user preferences than the primary advertisement may be substituted or replaced with the replacement advertisement.
In one embodiment, the content may be delivered in a stream of packets and substituting the primary advertisement with the replacement advertisement includes swapping packets. In one example, the packets may be in a MPEG transport stream of packets and may include Internet Protocol (IP) packets. Thus, the content may be delivered in a stream of IP packets. In this embodiment, substituting the primary advertisement with the replacement advertisement includes selecting fields within the IP packets.
As previously discussed, primary advertisements and/or replacement advertisements may include logos, banners, full audio/visual commercials, and combinations thereof.
In one embodiment, in order to determine if a replacement ad is more appropriate than a primary ad, advertisement descriptor parameters associated with the primary advertisement and the replacement advertisement may be compared with advertisement preference parameters associated with a user. For example, these advertisement preference parameters associated with a user may be determined by the use of a preference engine. It should be appreciated that advertisement preference parameters may include a wide variety of user preference parameters such as location, sex, age, language, sports, interest, etc.
In one particular embodiment, as will be described in more detail later, advertisement preference parameters determined by a preference engine may be utilized to select targeted ads that a user might like to see. Ad substitution or replacement may occur on certain packet identifiers (PIDs). An ad selector of a digital device (e.g. a set-top box) may then be utilized to decide if any advertisement replacements should occur depending on which PID is determined to contain the ad of the greatest interest to the user.
For example, as will be discussed, ad content may be signaled using adaption fields of streaming video content and these adaption fields may be parsed by the decoder. Upon parsing the adaption information, the decoder may provide a signal to the digital device as to whether to utilize the primary ad associated with the digital stream or the replacement ad which should be used in substitution thereof.
It should be appreciated that ads may be substituted on a scene-by-scene basis, e.g. entire frames, and/or by individual slices and macro blocks in any given scene. As will be described, embodiments of the invention utilize real-time packet substitution and packet interleaving such that digital content is self synchronized. Ad content may be individual packets in a frame, individual frames, or entire scenes of content. These techniques provide a practical and relatively low bandwidth method that may be used to employ a customizable text block that may be tailored for a specific region of a scene. As an example, for auto dealership advertisements “Ford”, “Toyota” or “Jeep” logos or banners may be utilized. Ads may be utilized in “edit zones” of the screen whereby text and possibly logos of various types may be substituted in a particular area of the screen, dependent upon user preferences.
Referring to
According to one embodiment of the invention, digital device 110 decodes an incoming program, and evaluates the content of the incoming program on a scene-by-scene basis to determine whether targeted Ad substitution should take place. These evaluation schemes are described below.
Content provider 120 provides the digital content to digital device 110 through transmission medium 130, which operates as a communication pathway for the program within content delivery system 100. The transmission medium 130 may include, but is not limited to electrical wires, optical fiber, cable, a wireless link established by wireless signaling circuitry, or the like.
Content provider 120 may be adapted with a satellite antenna 200 to receive a multiplexed stream of content from a satellite transmission as shown in
PID mapping logic 210 maps the incoming content from whatever source to a set of primary PIDs and a set of secondary PIDs. The incoming content includes (i) content originally intended for rendering (referred to as the “main content”) and (ii) substitution content for various scenes (referred to as “replacement content”). The main content (e.g. a main or primary Ad) is associated with the primary PIDs and the replacement content (e.g. replacement Ads) are associated with the secondary PIDs. According to this embodiment, PID mapping logic 210 may also be adapted to insert flags (or markers) into the content in order to identify the location where replacement content is to be inserted.
The mapped content then is routed to PSI/PMT insertion logic 220 that inserts Program Specific Information (PSI) and Program Map Tables (PMT) into the content for use by the decoding side in decoding the programming. If the content is to be encrypted, it may optionally pass through encryption logic 225 prior to modulation at a modulator (e.g., a QAM modulator) 230. The modulated stream of content is then transmitted via transmission medium 130 to digital device 110 and perhaps other digital devices. For instance, the modulated stream of content may be routed to via a cable plant 235 to digital device 110 residing with the end users. The operation performed by content provider 120, including but not limited to the PID mapping for content replacement, is carried out under control of a control computer 240.
In general, a system can be used to form a content substitution encoder consistent with certain embodiments of the invention in which input data inclusive of main content and replacement content. PID mapping logic 210 assigns a primary PID to the main content (e.g., such as a main or primary advertisement) and assigns a secondary PID to the replacement content (e.g. such as replacement advertisements). Private data to identify the main content by the primary PID and replacement content by the secondary PID, along with the main content mapped to the primary PID and the replacement content mapped to the secondary PID, are assembled into a data stream.
Referring now to
Data processing unit 320 comprises a processor 330 (e.g., central processing unit), a decoder 340 and a graphics component 350. These components may be implemented as separate integrated circuits or as a single integrated circuit (system-on-chip implementation) as shown.
According to one embodiment of the invention, decoder 340 is implemented with an Ad selector 360 that is adapted to alternatively select replacement Ads during playback of video and/or audio. In general, according to one embodiment of the invention, Ad selector 360 is designed to select alternate PID(s) from the digital bit stream based on findings by processor 330, which accesses meta data in Adaptation fields within MPEG packets to obtain information for use in evaluating whether to replace a main or primary Ad associated with the program with a secondary targeted replacement Ad, as will be described.
As previously discussed, content may be delivered in a stream of packets and substituting the primary advertisement with the replacement advertisement may include swapping packets. In one example, the packets may be in a MPEG transport stream of packets and may include Internet Protocol (IP) packets. Thus, the content may be delivered in a stream of IP packets. In this embodiment, substituting the primary advertisement with the replacement advertisement includes selecting fields within the IP packets.
Further, in conjunction with the Ad selector 360 of decoder 340, processor 330 may implement a preference engine that may be utilized in replacing the primary Ad associated with the program with a secondary targeted replacement Ad.
More particularly, the substitution of the primary Ad with the replacement Ad may be conditioned upon the replacement Ad being determined to be a more appropriate Ad for the user, which may be based upon user preferences that are determined, for example, by the preference engine 331 of the processor 330. For example, the preference engine 331 may create and update advertisement preference parameters associated with a user of the digital device 110.
As will be described, in determining whether a replacement Ad is more appropriate than a primary Ad, Ad selector 360 may compare advertisement descriptor parameters associated with the primary advertisement and the replacement advertisements with the advertisement preference parameters generated by preference engine 331 that are associated with a user of the digital device 110 in order to determine whether the primary Ad or one of the replacement Ads is the most appropriate Ad to be rendered to the user. It should be appreciated that the functionality related to the determination of whether to select a primary Ad or replacement Ad using an Ad selector may be implemented by the processor, decoder, or combinations thereof.
As an example, preference engine 331 implemented by processor 330 may be configured to track user selection of content viewed by the user, as well as, advertisements watched in full, versus advertisements that are skipped over. This sort of information may be used in determining advertisement preference parameters. For example, as to previously viewed video content and advertisements watched, preference parameters associated with sports, interests (e.g. housing, news, gardening, cars, etc.), language, age, sex, and location may be determined. Additionally, the preference engine may utilize already known (e.g. via registration with a cable provider) or inputted data about the user such as the user's location, sex, age, etc.
Thus, in one embodiment, the preference engine 331 may be a software or firmware module that may learn a user's viewing preferences by monitoring the user's viewing patters of video content and/or advertisements. Also, as previously discussed, the user preferences may be inputted directly by the user. The preference engine may store viewing patterns and preference parameters (e.g. advertisement preference parameters) in a local memory of the digital device 110.
Additionally, the digital device may include a storage device 363, such as a hard disk drive or other type of recordable medium, that may store digital content including advertisements.
Graphics component 350 is adapted for rendering on-screen menus or guide data. For instance, processor 330 may be adapted to collect guide data and for storage of such guide data in local memory (not shown). When such data is requested, it is displayed by graphics component 350, which would overlay video concurrently displayed. Also, graphics component 350 may be adapted to distort or blank out displayed images. Also, in some embodiments, graphic component 350 maybe used to render replacement Ads.
Referring to
According to one embodiment of the invention, the Adaptation field 410 includes control information 415 used by processor 330 and/or decoder 340 of
The Adaptation field 410 includes Ad control parameter 415 that include a plurality of sub-fields, including but not limited or restricted to one or more of the following: (1) Ad PID sub-field 420, (2) Ad Content type sub-field 430; (3) Ad Replacement type sub-field 435; (4) Ad Length sub-field 440; and (5) Ad insertion enabled field 445.
As illustrated in
Ad Content type sub-field 430 identifies the type of Ad content associated with I-frame 400 and the scene associated with I-frame 400. For instance, the Ad content type sub-field 430 may identify the subject matter of the Ad (e.g. sports, car, food, etc.) and includes advertisement descriptor parameters. This information is used to allow the Ad selector 360 of
Ad replacement type sub-field 435 identifies the type of replacement scheme available. For instance, the replacement scheme may involve full scene replacement or inter-scene data replacement (e.g., pixel obfuscation, pixel replacement, audio muting, audio insertion, etc.) to reduce transmission bandwidth requirements.
Ad length sub-field 440 identifies the number of frames (I, B, P) associated with the length of the digital data stream forming the Ad content.
Ad insertion enabled sub-field 445 indicates whether Ad insertion should be enabled or not.
Referring now to
Referring now to
Replacement Ads 620, namely replacement Ad segments 6302, 6305-6307 and 6352 associated with certain secondary replacement Ad PIDs (PID-2, PID-3), are also provided to the Ad selector.
For example, as shown in
Referring to
The replacement of main Ad content (primary PID) may include the swapping of a content segment (e.g., packet) of the main Ad with replacement content (secondary PID) and may be referred to as “Substitution Mode” 710. Secondary PID Ads may be inserted into the stream without replacement of the main content. This mode is called “Insertion Mode” 720. In fact, the Ad selector unit 360 of
The decoding of the transport stream of content may be conducted by the Ad selector 360 of
For instance, a transition from State 1740 to State 2B 760 can occur due to receipt of a packet marked as “PID B”, where the packet marked as “PID B” is inserted into the Transport stream of content as PID A packets. Any packet received while in State 2B with the PID value matching PID A will result in a transition to State 3770 and their PID value being changed to NULL, effectively removing it from the transport stream. All subsequent content segments received matching PID A while in State 3 will result in their PID value also being changed to NULL.
The state machine 700 can be implemented in either hardware or software, depending upon the IC manufacturer's device architecture. A software implementation on a programmed processor can generally be expected to provide more flexibility in the design.
Referring to
Next, a transition from State 1740 to State 2B 760 of
A transition from State 3770 to State 2B 760 with replacement Ads 8205 being provided and associated with PID B value is shown. PID B is converted to represent PID A within the Transport stream. Likewise, return to State 1740 from State 2B 760 occurs when content segment 8206 with PID B value is received accordingly, it is also queued and converted to the PID A value.
Utilizing the previously-described examples of PID-based packet swapping techniques for replacing advertisements, embodiments of the invention may be implemented in a digital device 110 utilizing an Ad selector 360 in conjunction with a preference engine 331.
More particularly, the digital device 110 may receive an incoming digital data stream that includes a primary advertisement and one or more replacement advertisements, and, if a replacement advertisement is determined to be more appropriate than the primary advertisement, based upon user preferences, then the replacement advertisement may be substituted for the primary advertisement.
As has been previously discussed, content may be delivered in a stream of packets and substituting the primary advertisement with the replacement advertisement may include swapping packets. In one example, the packets may be in a MPEG transport stream of packets and may include Internet Protocol (IP) packets. Thus, the content may be delivered in a stream of IP packets. In this embodiment, substituting the primary advertisement with the replacement advertisement includes selecting fields within the IP packets.
In one embodiment, Ad selector 360, in conjunction with the preference engine 331, may be utilized to determine whether or not one of the replacement advertisements is more appropriate than the primary advertisements. For example, in determining whether a replacement Ad is more appropriate than a primary ad, the Ad selector may compare advertisement descriptor parameters associated with the primary advertisement and the replacement advertisement with advertisement preference parameters associated with the user that are generated from the preference engine. As will be described, advertisement preference parameters may include many different types of parameters such as location, sex, language, sports, interests, prior viewed commercials, user selections, etc.
Turning now to
At block 904, it is determined whether or not ad substitution is enabled (for example, this may be accomplished by ad insertion enable flag 445, previously discussed). If ad substitution is not enabled, then the digital device renders the primary ad from the digital broadcast stream (block 906).
On the other hand, if ad substitution is enabled, then the adaption fields 410 are accessed for the primary and replacement ads (block 910). It is next determined whether ad replacement should occur for the next scene (block 912). If not, then the primary ad is rendered (block 914) and process 900 returns back to block 902 (block 916). However, if ad replacement can occur on the next scene, then ad replacement is performed (block 920).
Moving to
At block 1002, preference engine ad control parameters are examined from the preference engine by the ad selector and processor.
For example, it is first determined whether location is a preference engine ad control parameter (block 1004), and if so, location processing is performed (block 1006). At block 1010 it is determined whether sex (m/f) is a preference engine ad control parameter. If so, at block 1012, processing for sex is performed. At block 1016 it is determined whether age is a preference engine ad control parameter. If so, age processing occurs at block 1018. At block 1020 it is determined if language is a preference engine ad control parameter. If so, language processing at block 1022 occurs.
At block 1030 it is determined if sports is a preference engine ad control parameter. If so, sports processing occurs at block 1032. At block 1036 it is determined if interests (e.g. housing, news, gardening, cars, etc.) are preference engine ad control parameters and if so, interests processing is invoked at 1038. At block 1040 it is determined whether prior ads that have been watched are a preference engine ad control parameter. If so, prior ads processing occurs at block 1042.
At block 1050 it is determined if user selection is a preference engine ad control parameter. If so, user selection processing occurs at block 1052. If not, the process moves on to block 1060. User selection parameters may refer to pre-programmed user information about what kind of advertisements the user would like to view.
It should be appreciated that the above-described processing of preference engine Ad control parameters is only an example, and that a wide variety of different types of preference engine ad control parameters may be processed and utilized in the ad selection process.
At block 1060, the Ad selector analyzes advertisement descriptor parameters from the adaption fields of the digital content stream associated with streaming primary advertisements and replacement advertisements and compares them with the preference engine ad control parameters (e.g. location, sex, age, language, sports, interests, prior watched ads, user selections, etc.) and based on this comparison, determines which ad is the most appropriate to be rendered to a user.
If it is the primary Ad, then the primary Ad is rendered (block 1061). If it is one of the replacement Ads, then the most appropriate replacement Ad is substituted for the primary Ad (block 1062) and is rendered to the user (block 1065).
The selection may be based on the user preferences as gathered by the preference engine and based upon the advertisement descriptor parameters associated with the primary and replacement advertisements (that may be set forth in the adaption field). The advertisement descriptor parameters include parameters describing the Ad such that they may be compared against the preference engine Ad control parameters.
It should be appreciated that any number of comparison and selection schemes may be utilized such as averaging the preference Ad control parameter matches, weighting averages of preference Ad control parameter matches as well as other schemes to determine which Ad is most appropriate for a user based on the user's preferences.
A very general example will be given with reference to
Looking at Example 1, preference engine ad control parameters 1101 are based on location 1110, sex 1115, and age 1120, and in this example, it is assumed that the user is on the east coast, is female, and is young (e.g. under 25). In this example, the Primary Ad 1102 is a beer commercial, Replacement Ad #11104 is a NASCAR commercial, and Replacement Ad #21106 is a perfume commercial for a store on the east coast. In this instance, the Ad selector would select Replacement Ad #21102 due to the close match between the preference engine ad control parameters and the descriptive parameters of Replacement Ad #21102.
Looking at Example 2, the preference engine ad control parameters are based on language 1125, previously watched sport shows 1130, and interests 1135 and it is assumed that the user is a Spanish-speaking football fan, and that the Primary Ad 1101 and Replacement Ad #2 are the same as previously-discussed, but that Replacement Ad #1 is a Spanish language commercial for a football stadium. In this instance, the Ad selector would select Replacement Ad #11104 due to the close match between the preference engine ad control parameters and the descriptive parameters of Replacement Ad #11104.
Lastly, looking at Example 3, if the user preference engine control parameters relate to prior viewed commercials such as theme parks and user selections such as an interest in children's movies and the alternate replacement Ads 1104 and 1106 relate to cars and music and beer and NASCAR, respectively, the ad selector will pick the primary Ad 1102 (e.g. such as a cereal Ad) due to the dissimilarity of the preference engine ad control parameters and the descriptive parameters of the Replacement Ads.
It should be appreciated that the above is just one very simple example of the multitude of different types of examples in which the embodiments of the invention related to substituting primary advertisement with a replacement advertisement based upon the determination that a replacement advertisement may be more appropriate than a primary advertisement based upon user preferences, may be implemented.
In the foregoing description, the invention is described with reference to specific exemplary embodiments thereof. It will, however, be evident that various modifications and changes may be made thereto without departing from the broader spirit and scope of the present invention as set forth in the appended claims. The specification and drawings are accordingly to be regarded in an illustrative rather than in a restrictive sense.
This application is a continuation-in-part of application Ser. No. 10/319,066 filed on Dec. 13, 2002.
Number | Name | Date | Kind |
---|---|---|---|
3852519 | Court | Dec 1974 | A |
4381519 | Wilkinson et al. | Apr 1983 | A |
4419693 | Wilkinson | Dec 1983 | A |
4521853 | Guttag | Jun 1985 | A |
4634808 | Moerder | Jan 1987 | A |
4700387 | Hirata | Oct 1987 | A |
4703351 | Kondo | Oct 1987 | A |
4703352 | Kondo | Oct 1987 | A |
4710811 | Kondo | Dec 1987 | A |
4712238 | Gilhousen et al. | Dec 1987 | A |
4722003 | Kondo | Jan 1988 | A |
4739510 | Jeffers et al. | Apr 1988 | A |
4772947 | Kono | Sep 1988 | A |
4785361 | Brotby | Nov 1988 | A |
4788589 | Kondo | Nov 1988 | A |
4802215 | Mason | Jan 1989 | A |
4803725 | Horne et al. | Feb 1989 | A |
4815078 | Shimura | Mar 1989 | A |
4845560 | Kondo et al. | Jul 1989 | A |
4887296 | Horne | Dec 1989 | A |
4890161 | Kondo | Dec 1989 | A |
4924310 | von Brandt | May 1990 | A |
4944006 | Citta et al. | Jul 1990 | A |
4953023 | Kondo | Aug 1990 | A |
4989245 | Bennett | Jan 1991 | A |
4995080 | Bestler et al. | Feb 1991 | A |
5018197 | Jones et al. | May 1991 | A |
5023710 | Kondo et al. | Jun 1991 | A |
5091936 | Katznelson et al. | Feb 1992 | A |
5122873 | Golin | Jun 1992 | A |
5124117 | Tatebayashi et al. | Jun 1992 | A |
5138659 | Kelkar et al. | Aug 1992 | A |
5142537 | Kutner et al. | Aug 1992 | A |
5144662 | Welmer | Sep 1992 | A |
5144664 | Esserman et al. | Sep 1992 | A |
5151782 | Ferraro | Sep 1992 | A |
5159452 | Kinoshita et al. | Oct 1992 | A |
5196931 | Kondo | Mar 1993 | A |
5208816 | Seshardi et al. | May 1993 | A |
5237424 | Nishino et al. | Aug 1993 | A |
5237610 | Gammie et al. | Aug 1993 | A |
5241381 | Kondo | Aug 1993 | A |
5247575 | Sprague et al. | Sep 1993 | A |
5258835 | Kato | Nov 1993 | A |
5319707 | Wasilewski et al. | Jun 1994 | A |
5325432 | Gardeck et al. | Jun 1994 | A |
5327502 | Katata et al. | Jul 1994 | A |
5341425 | Wasilewski et al. | Aug 1994 | A |
5359694 | Concordel | Oct 1994 | A |
5379072 | Kondo | Jan 1995 | A |
5381481 | Gammie et al. | Jan 1995 | A |
5398078 | Masuda et al. | Mar 1995 | A |
5400401 | Wasilewski et al. | Mar 1995 | A |
5416651 | Uetake et al. | May 1995 | A |
5416847 | Boze | May 1995 | A |
5420866 | Wasilewski | May 1995 | A |
5428403 | Andrew et al. | Jun 1995 | A |
5434716 | Sugiyama et al. | Jul 1995 | A |
5438369 | Citta et al. | Aug 1995 | A |
5444491 | Lim | Aug 1995 | A |
5455862 | Hoskinson | Oct 1995 | A |
5469216 | Takahashi et al. | Nov 1995 | A |
5471501 | Parr et al. | Nov 1995 | A |
5473692 | Davis | Dec 1995 | A |
5481554 | Kondo | Jan 1996 | A |
5481627 | Kim | Jan 1996 | A |
5485577 | Eyer et al. | Jan 1996 | A |
5491748 | Auld, Jr. et al. | Feb 1996 | A |
5526427 | Thomas et al. | Jun 1996 | A |
5528608 | Shimizume | Jun 1996 | A |
5535276 | Ganesan | Jul 1996 | A |
5539823 | Martin | Jul 1996 | A |
5539828 | Davis | Jul 1996 | A |
5555305 | Robinson et al. | Sep 1996 | A |
5561713 | Suh | Oct 1996 | A |
5568552 | Davis | Oct 1996 | A |
5574787 | Ryan | Nov 1996 | A |
5582470 | Yu | Dec 1996 | A |
5583576 | Perlman et al. | Dec 1996 | A |
5583863 | Darr, Jr. et al. | Dec 1996 | A |
5590202 | Bestler et al. | Dec 1996 | A |
5594507 | Hoarty | Jan 1997 | A |
5598214 | Kondo et al. | Jan 1997 | A |
5600721 | Kitazato | Feb 1997 | A |
5606359 | Youden et al. | Feb 1997 | A |
5608448 | Smoral et al. | Mar 1997 | A |
5615265 | Coutrot | Mar 1997 | A |
5617333 | Oyamada et al. | Apr 1997 | A |
5625715 | Trew et al. | Apr 1997 | A |
5629981 | Nerlikar | May 1997 | A |
5652795 | Dillon et al. | Jul 1997 | A |
5663764 | Kondo et al. | Sep 1997 | A |
5666293 | Metz et al. | Sep 1997 | A |
5699429 | Tamer et al. | Dec 1997 | A |
5703889 | Shimoda et al. | Dec 1997 | A |
5717814 | Abecassis | Feb 1998 | A |
5732346 | Lazaridis et al. | Mar 1998 | A |
5742680 | Wilson | Apr 1998 | A |
5742681 | Giachetti et al. | Apr 1998 | A |
5751280 | Abbott et al. | May 1998 | A |
5751743 | Takizawa | May 1998 | A |
5751813 | Dorenbos | May 1998 | A |
5754650 | Katznelson | May 1998 | A |
5757417 | Aras et al. | May 1998 | A |
5757909 | Park | May 1998 | A |
5768539 | Metz et al. | Jun 1998 | A |
5784464 | Akiyama et al. | Jul 1998 | A |
5787171 | Kubota et al. | Jul 1998 | A |
5787179 | Ogawa et al. | Jul 1998 | A |
5796786 | Lee | Aug 1998 | A |
5796829 | Newby et al. | Aug 1998 | A |
5796840 | Davis | Aug 1998 | A |
5802176 | Audebert | Sep 1998 | A |
5805700 | Nardone et al. | Sep 1998 | A |
5805712 | Davis | Sep 1998 | A |
5805762 | Boyce et al. | Sep 1998 | A |
5809147 | De Lange et al. | Sep 1998 | A |
5815146 | Youden et al. | Sep 1998 | A |
5818934 | Cuccia | Oct 1998 | A |
5825879 | Davis | Oct 1998 | A |
5850218 | LaJoie et al. | Dec 1998 | A |
5852290 | Chaney | Dec 1998 | A |
5852470 | Kondo et al. | Dec 1998 | A |
5870474 | Wasilewski et al. | Feb 1999 | A |
5894320 | Vancelette | Apr 1999 | A |
5894516 | Brandenburg | Apr 1999 | A |
5897218 | Nishimura et al. | Apr 1999 | A |
5915018 | Aucsmith | Jun 1999 | A |
5917830 | Chen et al. | Jun 1999 | A |
5917915 | Hirose | Jun 1999 | A |
5922048 | Emura | Jul 1999 | A |
5923486 | Sugiyama et al. | Jul 1999 | A |
5923755 | Birch | Jul 1999 | A |
5930361 | Hayashi et al. | Jul 1999 | A |
5933500 | Blatter et al. | Aug 1999 | A |
5940738 | Rao | Aug 1999 | A |
5949877 | Traw et al. | Sep 1999 | A |
5949881 | Davis | Sep 1999 | A |
5973679 | Abbott et al. | Oct 1999 | A |
5973722 | Wakai et al. | Oct 1999 | A |
5999622 | Yasukawa et al. | Dec 1999 | A |
5999698 | Nakai et al. | Dec 1999 | A |
6002393 | Hite et al. | Dec 1999 | A |
6005561 | Hawkins et al. | Dec 1999 | A |
6011849 | Orrin | Jan 2000 | A |
6012144 | Pickett | Jan 2000 | A |
6021199 | Ishibashi | Feb 2000 | A |
6021201 | Bakhle et al. | Feb 2000 | A |
6026164 | Sakamoto et al. | Feb 2000 | A |
6028932 | Park | Feb 2000 | A |
6029045 | Picco et al. | Feb 2000 | A |
6049613 | Jakobsson | Apr 2000 | A |
6055314 | Spies et al. | Apr 2000 | A |
6055315 | Doyle et al. | Apr 2000 | A |
6057872 | Candelore | May 2000 | A |
6058186 | Enari | May 2000 | A |
6058192 | Guralnick et al. | May 2000 | A |
6061451 | Muratani et al. | May 2000 | A |
6064748 | Hogan | May 2000 | A |
6065050 | DeMoney | May 2000 | A |
6069647 | Sullivan et al. | May 2000 | A |
6072872 | Chang et al. | Jun 2000 | A |
6072873 | Bewick | Jun 2000 | A |
6073122 | Wool | Jun 2000 | A |
6088450 | Davis et al. | Jul 2000 | A |
6105134 | Pinder et al. | Aug 2000 | A |
6108422 | Newby et al. | Aug 2000 | A |
6115821 | Newby et al. | Sep 2000 | A |
6118873 | Lotspiech et al. | Sep 2000 | A |
6134551 | Aucsmith | Oct 2000 | A |
6138237 | Ruben et al. | Oct 2000 | A |
6154206 | Ludtke | Nov 2000 | A |
6157719 | Wasilewski et al. | Dec 2000 | A |
6181334 | Freeman et al. | Jan 2001 | B1 |
6185369 | Ko et al. | Feb 2001 | B1 |
6185546 | Davis | Feb 2001 | B1 |
6189096 | Haverty | Feb 2001 | B1 |
6192131 | Geer, Jr. et al. | Feb 2001 | B1 |
6199053 | Herbert et al. | Mar 2001 | B1 |
6204843 | Freeman et al. | Mar 2001 | B1 |
6209098 | Davis | Mar 2001 | B1 |
6215484 | Freeman et al. | Apr 2001 | B1 |
6226618 | Downs et al. | May 2001 | B1 |
6229895 | Son et al. | May 2001 | B1 |
6230194 | Frailong et al. | May 2001 | B1 |
6230266 | Perlman et al. | May 2001 | B1 |
6233577 | Ramasubramani et al. | May 2001 | B1 |
6236727 | Ciacelli et al. | May 2001 | B1 |
6240553 | Son et al. | May 2001 | B1 |
6246720 | Kutner et al. | Jun 2001 | B1 |
6247127 | Vandergeest | Jun 2001 | B1 |
6256747 | Inohara et al. | Jul 2001 | B1 |
6263506 | Ezaki et al. | Jul 2001 | B1 |
6266416 | Sigbjornsen et al. | Jul 2001 | B1 |
6266480 | Ezaki et al. | Jul 2001 | B1 |
6272538 | Holden et al. | Aug 2001 | B1 |
6278783 | Kocher et al. | Aug 2001 | B1 |
6289455 | Kocher et al. | Sep 2001 | B1 |
6292568 | Akins et al. | Sep 2001 | B1 |
6292892 | Davis | Sep 2001 | B1 |
6307939 | Vigarie | Oct 2001 | B1 |
6311012 | Cho et al. | Oct 2001 | B1 |
6314569 | Chernock et al. | Nov 2001 | B1 |
6324288 | Hoffman | Nov 2001 | B1 |
6330672 | Shur | Dec 2001 | B1 |
6351538 | Uz | Feb 2002 | B1 |
6377589 | Knight et al. | Apr 2002 | B1 |
6378130 | Adams | Apr 2002 | B1 |
6389533 | Davis et al. | May 2002 | B1 |
6389537 | Davis et al. | May 2002 | B1 |
6415031 | Colligan et al. | Jul 2002 | B1 |
6415101 | deCarmo et al. | Jul 2002 | B1 |
6424717 | Pinder et al. | Jul 2002 | B1 |
6430361 | Lee | Aug 2002 | B2 |
6442689 | Kocher | Aug 2002 | B1 |
6445738 | Zdepski et al. | Sep 2002 | B1 |
6449718 | Rucklidge et al. | Sep 2002 | B1 |
6453115 | Boyle | Sep 2002 | B1 |
6456985 | Ohtsuka | Sep 2002 | B1 |
6459427 | Mao et al. | Oct 2002 | B1 |
6463152 | Takahashi | Oct 2002 | B1 |
6466671 | Maillard et al. | Oct 2002 | B1 |
6477649 | Kambayashi et al. | Nov 2002 | B2 |
6505032 | McCorkle et al. | Jan 2003 | B1 |
6510554 | Gordon et al. | Jan 2003 | B1 |
6519693 | Debey | Feb 2003 | B1 |
6529526 | Schneidewend | Mar 2003 | B1 |
6543053 | Li et al. | Apr 2003 | B1 |
6549229 | Kirby et al. | Apr 2003 | B1 |
6550008 | Zhang et al. | Apr 2003 | B1 |
6557031 | Mimura et al. | Apr 2003 | B1 |
6587561 | Sered et al. | Jul 2003 | B1 |
6590979 | Ryan | Jul 2003 | B1 |
6609039 | Schoen | Aug 2003 | B1 |
6640145 | Hoffberg et al. | Oct 2003 | B2 |
6640305 | Kocher et al. | Oct 2003 | B2 |
6643298 | Brunheroto et al. | Nov 2003 | B1 |
6650754 | Akiyama et al. | Nov 2003 | B2 |
6654389 | Brunheroto et al. | Nov 2003 | B1 |
6678740 | Rakib et al. | Jan 2004 | B1 |
6681326 | Son et al. | Jan 2004 | B2 |
6697489 | Candelore | Feb 2004 | B1 |
6697944 | Jones et al. | Feb 2004 | B1 |
6698020 | Zigmond et al. | Feb 2004 | B1 |
6707696 | Turner et al. | Mar 2004 | B1 |
6718551 | Swix et al. | Apr 2004 | B1 |
6732367 | Ellis et al. | May 2004 | B1 |
6754276 | Harumoto et al. | Jun 2004 | B1 |
6772340 | Peinado et al. | Aug 2004 | B1 |
6788690 | Harri | Sep 2004 | B2 |
6816703 | Wood et al. | Nov 2004 | B1 |
6826185 | Montanaro et al. | Nov 2004 | B1 |
6904520 | Rosset et al. | Jun 2005 | B1 |
6976166 | Herley et al. | Dec 2005 | B2 |
7010685 | Candelore | Mar 2006 | B1 |
7039938 | Candelore | May 2006 | B2 |
7058806 | Smeets et al. | Jun 2006 | B2 |
7120250 | Candelore | Oct 2006 | B2 |
7124303 | Candelore et al. | Oct 2006 | B2 |
7124938 | Marsh | Oct 2006 | B1 |
7139398 | Candelore et al. | Nov 2006 | B2 |
7146007 | Maruo et al. | Dec 2006 | B1 |
7146627 | Ismail et al. | Dec 2006 | B1 |
7151831 | Candelore et al. | Dec 2006 | B2 |
7155012 | Candelore et al. | Dec 2006 | B2 |
7242766 | Lyle | Jul 2007 | B1 |
7254234 | Sugahara et al. | Aug 2007 | B2 |
7500258 | Eldering | Mar 2009 | B1 |
8051443 | Candelore et al. | Nov 2011 | B2 |
20010030959 | Ozawa et al. | Oct 2001 | A1 |
20010042043 | Shear et al. | Nov 2001 | A1 |
20020013943 | Haberman et al. | Jan 2002 | A1 |
20020021805 | Schumann et al. | Feb 2002 | A1 |
20020026587 | Talstra et al. | Feb 2002 | A1 |
20020044658 | Wasilewski et al. | Apr 2002 | A1 |
20020046406 | Chelehmal et al. | Apr 2002 | A1 |
20020047915 | Misu | Apr 2002 | A1 |
20020056093 | Kunkel et al. | May 2002 | A1 |
20020059425 | Belfiore et al. | May 2002 | A1 |
20020083438 | So et al. | Jun 2002 | A1 |
20020083439 | Eldering | Jun 2002 | A1 |
20020090090 | Van Rijnsoever et al. | Jul 2002 | A1 |
20020094084 | Wasilewski et al. | Jul 2002 | A1 |
20020097322 | Monroe et al. | Jul 2002 | A1 |
20020108035 | Herley et al. | Aug 2002 | A1 |
20020109707 | Lao et al. | Aug 2002 | A1 |
20020129243 | Nanjundiah | Sep 2002 | A1 |
20020144262 | Plotnick et al. | Oct 2002 | A1 |
20020150239 | Carny et al. | Oct 2002 | A1 |
20020170053 | Peterka et al. | Nov 2002 | A1 |
20020184506 | Perlman | Dec 2002 | A1 |
20020188567 | Candelore | Dec 2002 | A1 |
20020194613 | Unger | Dec 2002 | A1 |
20020196939 | Unger et al. | Dec 2002 | A1 |
20030009669 | White et al. | Jan 2003 | A1 |
20030021412 | Candelore et al. | Jan 2003 | A1 |
20030025423 | Miller et al. | Feb 2003 | A1 |
20030026423 | Unger et al. | Feb 2003 | A1 |
20030026523 | Chua et al. | Feb 2003 | A1 |
20030035540 | Freeman et al. | Feb 2003 | A1 |
20030035543 | Gillon et al. | Feb 2003 | A1 |
20030046686 | Candelore et al. | Mar 2003 | A1 |
20030063615 | Luoma et al. | Apr 2003 | A1 |
20030072555 | Yap et al. | Apr 2003 | A1 |
20030081630 | Mowery et al. | May 2003 | A1 |
20030081776 | Candelore | May 2003 | A1 |
20030084284 | Ando et al. | May 2003 | A1 |
20030084457 | Lee et al. | May 2003 | A1 |
20030097662 | Russ et al. | May 2003 | A1 |
20030104717 | Hayakawa | Jun 2003 | A1 |
20030108199 | Pinder et al. | Jun 2003 | A1 |
20030115595 | Stevens et al. | Jun 2003 | A1 |
20030123664 | Pedlow, Jr. et al. | Jul 2003 | A1 |
20030123849 | Nallur et al. | Jul 2003 | A1 |
20030133570 | Candelore et al. | Jul 2003 | A1 |
20030145329 | Candelore | Jul 2003 | A1 |
20030149975 | Eldering et al. | Aug 2003 | A1 |
20030152224 | Candelore et al. | Aug 2003 | A1 |
20030152226 | Candelore et al. | Aug 2003 | A1 |
20030156718 | Candelore et al. | Aug 2003 | A1 |
20030157140 | Takada | Aug 2003 | A1 |
20030159139 | Candelore et al. | Aug 2003 | A1 |
20030159140 | Candelore | Aug 2003 | A1 |
20030159152 | Lin et al. | Aug 2003 | A1 |
20030172381 | Janevski | Sep 2003 | A1 |
20030174837 | Candelore et al. | Sep 2003 | A1 |
20030174844 | Candelore | Sep 2003 | A1 |
20030188164 | Okimoto et al. | Oct 2003 | A1 |
20030190054 | Troyansky et al. | Oct 2003 | A1 |
20030198223 | Mack et al. | Oct 2003 | A1 |
20030204717 | Kuehnel | Oct 2003 | A1 |
20030222994 | Dawson | Dec 2003 | A1 |
20030226149 | Chun et al. | Dec 2003 | A1 |
20040003008 | Wasilewski et al. | Jan 2004 | A1 |
20040037421 | Truman | Feb 2004 | A1 |
20040047470 | Candelore | Mar 2004 | A1 |
20040049688 | Candelore et al. | Mar 2004 | A1 |
20040049690 | Candelore et al. | Mar 2004 | A1 |
20040049691 | Candelore et al. | Mar 2004 | A1 |
20040049694 | Candelore | Mar 2004 | A1 |
20040064688 | Jacobs | Apr 2004 | A1 |
20040073917 | Pedlow, Jr. et al. | Apr 2004 | A1 |
20040078575 | Morten et al. | Apr 2004 | A1 |
20040086127 | Candelore | May 2004 | A1 |
20040088541 | Messerges | May 2004 | A1 |
20040088552 | Candelore | May 2004 | A1 |
20040123094 | Sprunk | Jun 2004 | A1 |
20040139337 | Pinder et al. | Jul 2004 | A1 |
20040141314 | Vautrin et al. | Jul 2004 | A1 |
20040158721 | Candelore | Aug 2004 | A1 |
20040165586 | Read et al. | Aug 2004 | A1 |
20040181666 | Candelore | Sep 2004 | A1 |
20040187161 | Cao | Sep 2004 | A1 |
20050004875 | Kontio et al. | Jan 2005 | A1 |
20050028193 | Candelore et al. | Feb 2005 | A1 |
20050036067 | Ryal et al. | Feb 2005 | A1 |
20050063541 | Candelore | Mar 2005 | A1 |
20050094808 | Pedlow, Jr. et al. | May 2005 | A1 |
20050094809 | Pedlow, Jr. et al. | May 2005 | A1 |
20050097596 | Pedlow, Jr. | May 2005 | A1 |
20050097597 | Pedlow, Jr. et al. | May 2005 | A1 |
20050097598 | Pedlow et al. | May 2005 | A1 |
20050097614 | Pedlow, Jr. et al. | May 2005 | A1 |
20050102702 | Candelore et al. | May 2005 | A1 |
20050129233 | Pedlow et al. | Jun 2005 | A1 |
20050141713 | Genevois | Jun 2005 | A1 |
20050169473 | Candelore | Aug 2005 | A1 |
20050192904 | Candelore | Sep 2005 | A1 |
20060026926 | Triel et al. | Feb 2006 | A1 |
20060029060 | Pister | Feb 2006 | A1 |
20060112344 | Ducheneaut et al. | May 2006 | A1 |
20060115083 | Candelore et al. | Jun 2006 | A1 |
20060130119 | Candelore et al. | Jun 2006 | A1 |
20060130121 | Candelore et al. | Jun 2006 | A1 |
20060136976 | Coupe et al. | Jun 2006 | A1 |
20060143655 | Ellis et al. | Jun 2006 | A1 |
20060153379 | Candelore et al. | Jul 2006 | A1 |
20060168616 | Candelore | Jul 2006 | A1 |
20060174264 | Candelore | Aug 2006 | A1 |
20070028264 | Lowe | Feb 2007 | A1 |
20080127251 | Wachtfogel et al. | May 2008 | A1 |
Number | Date | Country |
---|---|---|
2389247 | May 2001 | CA |
2328645 | Jul 2001 | CA |
0 674 440 | Sep 1995 | EA |
0471373 | Feb 1992 | EP |
0527611 | Jul 1992 | EP |
0558016 | Feb 1993 | EP |
0596826 | Apr 1993 | EP |
0610587 | Dec 1993 | EP |
0680209 | Apr 1995 | EP |
0 674 441 | Sep 1995 | EP |
0720374 | Jul 1996 | EP |
0833517 | Apr 1998 | EP |
0866615 | Sep 1998 | EP |
1187483 | Mar 2002 | EP |
07-046575 | Feb 1995 | JP |
7067028 | Mar 1995 | JP |
11159162 | Jun 1999 | JP |
11243534 | Oct 2002 | JP |
2003330897 | Nov 2003 | JP |
WO8607224 | Dec 1986 | WO |
WO-8902682 | Mar 1989 | WO |
WO-9309525 | May 1993 | WO |
WO-9410775 | May 1994 | WO |
WO9738530 | Oct 1997 | WO |
WO0031964 | Jun 2000 | WO |
WO0051039 | Aug 2000 | WO |
WO-0059203 | Oct 2000 | WO |
WO 01 11819 | Feb 2001 | WO |
WO-0126372 | Apr 2001 | WO |
WO 0165762 | Sep 2001 | WO |
WO0178386 | Oct 2001 | WO |
WO-2004042516 | May 2004 | WO |
Entry |
---|
U.S. Appl. No. 11/371,479 Office Action mailed Dec. 9, 2008. |
U.S. Appl. No. 10/691,170 Notice of Allowance mailed Nov. 10, 2008. |
U.S. Appl. No. 11/227,584, filed Sep. 15, 2005; Titled: Advanced Parental Control for Digital Content; Inventor: Brant L. Candelore. |
U.S. Appl. No. 11/371,479, filed Mar. 9, 2006; Titled: Content Personalization for Digital Content; Inventor Brant L. Candelore. |
“Ad Agencies and Advertisers to be Empowered with Targeted Ad Delivered by Television's Prevailing Video Servers”, Article Business Section of The New York Times, (Dec. 20, 2001). |
“CLearPlay: The Technology of Choice”, from web site, http://www.clearplay.com/what.asp, ClearPlay 2001-2003. |
“McCormac Hack Over Cablemodem”, HackWatch, http://www.hackwatch.com/cablemodbook.html, (Aug. 10, 1998). |
“Message Authentication with Partial Encryption”, Research disclosure RD 296086, (Dec. 10, 1988). |
“Metro Media PVR-DVD-MP3-Web”, Internet publication from www.metrolink.com, (undated). |
“New Digital Copy protection Proposal Would Secure Authorized Copies”, PR Newswire, (Nov. 13, 1998),1-3. |
“Passage Freedom to Choose”, Sony Electronics Inc., (2003). |
“Pre-Encryption Profiles—Concept Overview and Proposal”, Rev. 1.2 as submitted to the Open CAS consortium on Dec. 28, 2000. |
Agi, Iskender , et al., “An Empirical Study of Secure MPEG Video Transmissions”, IEEE, Proceedings of SNDSS 96, (1996),137-144. |
Alattar, Adnan , et al., “Evaluation of Selective Encryption Techniques for Secure Transmission of MPEG-Compressed Bit-Streams”, IEEE, (1999),IV-340 to IV-343. |
Alattar, Adnan M., et al., “Improved Selective Encryption Techniques for Secure Transmission of MPEG Video Bit-Streams”, IEEE, (1999),256-260. |
Aravind, H. , et al., “Image and Video Coding Journal Standards”, AT&T Technical Journal, (Jan./Feb. 1993),67-68. |
Benini, Luca , et al., “Energy-Efficient Data Acrambling on Memory-Processor Interfaces”, ISLPED'03, Aug. 25-27, 2003, Seoul, Korea, (2003),26-29. |
Brown, Jessica , “The Interactive Commercial, Coming Soon to a TV Near You”. |
Dittmann, Jana , et al., “Multimedia and Security Workshop at ACM Multimedia”, Bristol, U.K., (Sep. 1998). |
Dondeti, Lakshminath R., et al., “A Dual Encryption Protocol for Scalable Secure Multicasting”, 1999 International Symposium on Computers and Communication, Jul. 6-8, 1999. |
Gonzalez, R. C., et al., “Digital Image Processing”, Addison Wesley Publishing Company, Inc., (1992), 346-348. |
Gulwani, Sumit , “A Report on Security Issues in Multimedia”, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Course Notes,(Apr. 30, 2000), pp. 10-14. |
Haberman, Seth , “Visible World—A High Impact Approach to Customized Television Advertising”, (Dec. 2001). |
Kim, et al., “Bit Rate Reduction Algorithm for a Digital VCR”, IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics, vol. 37, No. 3, (Aug. 1, 1992),267-274. |
Koenen, Rob H., et al., “The Long March to Interoperable Digital Rights Management”, IEEE, (2004),1-17. |
Kondo, et al., “A New Concealment Method for Digital VCRs”, IEEE Visual Signal Processing and Communication, Australia,(Sep. 1993),20-22. |
Kondo, et al., “Adaptive Dynamic Range Coding Scheme for Future Consumer Digital VTR”, 219-226. |
Kondo, et al., “Adaptive Dynamic Range Coding Scheme for Future HDTV Digital VTR”, Sony Corporation, (1991). |
Kunkelmann, Thomas , “Applying Encryption to Video Communication”, Multimedia and Security Workshop at ACM Multimedia ?98. Bristol, U.K., (Sep. 1998),41-47. |
Liu, Zheng , et al., “Motion Vector Encryption in Multimedia Streaming”, Proccedings of the 10th International Multimedia Modeling Conference 2004 IEEE, (2004), 1-8. |
Lookabaugh, Tom , et al., “Selective Encryption and MPEG-2”, ACM Multimedia '03, (Nov. 2003). |
Menezes, Alfred J., et al., “Handbook of Applied Cryptography”, CRC Press, 551-553. |
Naor, Moni , et al., “Certificate Revocation and Certificate update”, Apr. 2000, IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, IEEE, vol. 18, No. 4, (2000),561-570. |
NCUBE, “Digital Program Insertion”, (May 2001). |
NCUBE, “Smooth Ad Insertion Deployment Protects Revenues”, (2004). |
NHK Laboratories Note, “Error Correction, Concealment and Shuffling”, No. 424, (Mar. 1994),29-44. |
OPENTV, “OPENTV to Showcase Several Advanced Interactive Television Solutions at IBC 2004”, (Sep. 6, 2004). |
Park, et al., “A Simple Concealment for ATM Bursty Cell Loss”, IEEE Transaction on Consumer Electronics, No. 3, (Aug. 1993),704-709. |
Park, Joon S., et al., “Binding Identities and Attributes Using Digitally Singed Certificates”, IEEE, (2000). |
Pazarci, Melih , et al., “Data Embedding in Scrambled Digital Video”, Computers and Communication Proceedings, Eighth IEEE International Symposium on 2003, vol. 1 (ISCC 2003, (2003),498-503. |
Piazza, Peter , “E-Signed, Sealed, and Delivered”, Security Management, vol. 45, No. 4, (Apr. 2001),72-77. |
Qiao, Lintian , et al., “Comparison of MPEG Encryption Algorithms”, Department of Computer Science, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, (Jan. 17, 1998),1-20. |
Robert, Amaud , et al., “Digital Cable: the Key to Your Content”, Access Intelligence's Cable Group, online at http:www.cableworld.com/ct/archives/0202/0202digitalrights.htm, (Feb. 2002). |
Rosenblatt, Bill , “Coral Consortium Aims to Make DRM Interoperable”, online at http://www.drmwatch.com/standards/article.pho/3418741, (Oct. 4, 2004). |
Seachange International, “Dynamic-Customized TV Advertising Creation and Production Tools”, Web Site Literature. |
Seachange International, “Transport Streams Insertion of Video in the Compressed Digital Domain”, Web Site Literature, (2000). |
Shi, Changgui , et al., “An Efficient MPEG Video Algorithm”, 1998 IEEE, Department of Computer Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 381-386. |
Spanos, George A., et al., “Performance Study of a Selective Encryption Scheme for the Security of Networked, Real-Time Video”, IEEE, (1995),2-10. |
Taylor, Jim , “DVD Demystified—The Guidebook for DVD-Video and DVD-ROM”, Pub. McGraw-Hill ISBN: 0-07-064841-7, pp. 134-147, 1998 ,134-147. |
Thawani, Amit , et al., “Context Aware Personalized Ad Insertion in an Interactive TV Environment”. |
Tom, et al., “Packet Video for Cell Loss Protection Using Deinterleaving and Scrambling”, ICASSP 91: 1991 International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing, vol. 4, (Apr. 1991),2857-2860. |
Wu, Chung-Ping , et al., “Fast Encryption Methods for Audiovisual Data Confidentiality”, SPIE International Symposia on Information Technologies (Boston, Ma., USA), (Nov. 2000),284-295. |
Wu, S. Felix , et al., “Run-Time Performance Evaluation for a Secure MPEG and System Supporting Both Selective Watermarking and Encryption”, submitted to JSAC special issue on Copyright and Privacy Protection, (Mar. 1, 1997). |
Wu, Tsung-Li , et al., “Selective Encryption and Watermarking of MPEG Video (Extended Abstract)”, International Conference on Image Science, Systems, and Technology, CISST?97, (Feb. 17, 1997). |
Zeng, Wenjun , et al., “Efficient Frequency Domain Video Scrambling for Content Access Control”, In Proc. ACM Multimedia, (Nov. 1999). |
Zhu, et al., “Coding and Cell-Loss Recovery in DCT-Based Packet Video”, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology, No. 3, NY,(Jun. 3, 1993). |
“How Networks Work, Millennium Edition”, Que Corporation, (Sep. 2000),88-89. |
Shavik, Kirstnamurthy , “Securant Technologies Delivers Broad PKI Integration to Enable Standards Based Security”, Business Wires, Oct. 4, 1999. |
U.S. Appl. No. 10/388,002 Office Action, entitled “Mechanism for protecting the transfer of digital content”, 1st named inventor: Brant L. Candelore, mailed May 6, 2008. |
U.S. Appl. No. 10/690,192 Office Action mailed Sep. 24, 2008. |
U.S. Appl. No. 10/690,192 Office Action mailed Mar. 4, 2009. |
U.S. Appl. No. 10/962,830 Office Action mailed Dec. 11, 2007. |
U.S. Appl. No. 10/9602,830 Office Action mailed Jun. 26, 2008. |
U.S. Appl. No. 10/962,830 Office Action mailed Oct. 28, 2008. |
U.S. Appl. No. 10/962,830 Office Action mailed May 5, 2009. |
PCT Internal Search Report and Written Opinion, International Application No. PCT/US05/31171, mailed Oct. 26, 2006. |
U.S. Appl. No. 10/690,192 Office Action mailed Jun. 30, 2009. |
U.S. Appl. No. 11/371,479, Non-Final Office Action mailed Mar. 16, 2010. |
U.S. Appl. No. 11/371,479 Final Office Action mailed Sep. 24, 2010. |
U.S. Appl. No. 11/371,479 Office Action mailed Jul. 19, 2011. |
U.S. Appl. No. 13/079,603 Office Action mailed Jun. 6, 2012. |
Number | Date | Country | |
---|---|---|---|
20060168616 A1 | Jul 2006 | US |
Number | Date | Country | |
---|---|---|---|
Parent | 10319066 | Dec 2002 | US |
Child | 11371568 | US |