Patent Application
20170050768
The present disclosure generally relates to closures for containers such as envelopes and more particularly to a closure with a coextruded tear band for opening the container after closing.
In some circumstances, it is desirable to close a container permanently such that any subsequent opening of the container causes destructive evidence of the container having been opened. Generally, it is also desirable for these types of containers to be easily openable in a controlled manner that allows unobstructed access to container contents. Envelopes typify these types of containers.
In one aspect, an envelope adapted to be permanently closed and later opened comprises a front panel and a rear panel having top, bottom, and opposite side edge margins. The front and rear panels are joined together along the bottom and side edge margins and are unjoined along the top edge margins. The joined edge margins and the panels define an envelope interior and the unjoined top edge margins define an envelope opening in communication with the envelope interior. A closure has a top edge margin, a bottom edge margin joined to the top edge margin of the rear panel, and a height extending from the bottom edge margin of the closure to the top edge margin, the closure has opposite sides and a width extending from one to the other of the opposite sides. The closure has an interior surface, an exterior surface, and a thickness extending from the exterior surface to the interior surface. The envelope is configured such that the interior surface of the closure is sealable to the front panel of the envelope to permanently close the envelope opening. The closure comprises a closure panel extending along the width of the closure and defining at least a portion of each of the exterior and interior surfaces of the closure. The closure panel is formed of a first polymeric material having a tear strength. A tear band is coextruded with the closure panel to form the closure. The tear band extends along the width of the closure at a location spaced apart from the top of the closure along the height of the closure and is formed of a second polymeric material having tear strength that is lower than the tear strength of the first polymeric material.
In another aspect, an envelope adapted to be permanently closed and later opened comprises a front panel and a rear panel having top, bottom, and opposite side edge margins. The front and rear panels are joined together along the bottom and side edge margins and are unjoined along the top edge margins. The joined edge margins and the panels define an envelope interior and the unjoined top edge margins define an envelope opening in communication with the envelope interior. A closure has a top edge margin, a bottom edge margin joined to the top edge margin of the rear panel, and a height extending from the bottom edge margin of the closure to the top edge margin, the closure has opposite sides and a width extending from one to the other of the opposite sides. The closure has an interior surface, an exterior surface, and a thickness extending from the exterior surface to the interior surface. The envelope is configured such that the interior surface of the closure is sealable to the front panel of the envelope to permanently close the envelope opening. A closure panel extends along the width of the closure and defines at least a portion of each of the exterior and interior surfaces of the closure. The closure panel is formed of a first polymeric material. A tear band formed of a second polymeric material is coextruded with the closure panel to form a composite tearable section of the closure extending along the width of the closure along a segment of the height of the closure that is spaced apart below the top edge margin of the closure. Each of the tear band and the closure panel form a respective portion of the thickness of the closure along the tearable section. The first polymeric material comprises a polymer of a type and has a tear strength and a tensile strength at yield point; and the second polymeric material comprises a polymer of the same type as said polymer of the first polymeric material and has a tear strength that is less than the tear strength of the first polymeric material and a tensile strength at yield point that is greater than the tensile strength at yield point of the first polymeric material.
Other aspects and features will be apparent and/or pointed out hereinafter.
Corresponding reference characters indicate corresponding parts throughout the drawings.
Referring to
The envelope 10 includes front and rear panels 12 and 14, respectively. Each panel 12, 14 is four-sided and has a top margin 24, bottom margin 15, and opposite side margins 17, 19. As used throughout the present disclosure with respect to the envelope, the terms defining relative locations and positions of structures and components of the envelope, including but not limited to the terms “top,” “bottom,” “side,” “front,” and “back,” are meant to provide a point of reference for such components and structures as shown in the drawings, with the understanding that the respective relative locations of such components and structures will depend on the orientation of the envelope in use.
The panels 12, 14 are joined at the bottom margin 15 and side margins 17, 19 of the envelope 10. The top margins 24 of the panels are not joined. In one embodiment, the panels 12, 14 are formed as a single sheet of material that is folded at the bottom of the envelope 10 along a linear fold 16. Fusion lines join the side margins 17, 19. The panels 12, 14 can be joined in other manners within the scope of this invention. For example, in some embodiments, fusion lines join separate panel sheets 12, 14 along the bottom margin 15 and side margins 17, 19. In some embodiments, the end margins are joined to form a fluid tight, liquid tight, and/or gas tight seal. In other embodiments, the end margins can be joined without forming a seal. The joined panels 12, 14 define an envelope interior 22 for receiving items placed in the envelope 10. The top margins 24 of the panels 12, 14 define an opening 28 permitting access to the envelope interior 22 and its contents (the envelope opening is, broadly, in communication with the envelope interior).
A closure 20 is configured to close the envelope opening 28 to restrict access to the envelope interior 22. The closure 20 has a top edge margin, a bottom edge margin joined to the top edge margin of the rear panel 14, and a height extending from the bottom edge margin of the closure to the top edge margin. The closure 20 has opposite sides and a width extending from one side to the other side. In the illustrated embodiment, the width of the closure is coextensive with the width of the front and rear panels 12, 14. The closure has an interior surface, an exterior surface, and a thickness T (
The closure 20 includes a closure panel 21 that is joined to the top margin 24 of the rear panel 14 and extends upward. The closure panel 21 comprises one or more layers of extruded polymer film. In certain embodiments, the closure panel 21 comprises a polymeric material, such as a low-density polyethylene (LDPE), a linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE), or another polymeric material with high tear strength. The closure panel 21 has opposite sides and a width extending between the sides. The sides of the closure panel 21 are substantially contiguous with the sides of the rear envelope panel 14 in the illustrated embodiment. In certain embodiments, the closure panel 21 and rear panel 14 are a one-piece, unitary film structure. For example, the closure panel 21 can be extruded with the rear panel 14 in the same extrusion process. In other embodiments the closure panel could be separately appended to the envelope 10 without departing from the scope of the invention.
As will be discussed in further detail below, in one or more preferred embodiments, the closure panel 21 and front and rear panels 12, 14 of the bag 20 are formed from a unitary sheet of extruded LDPE film. As is also discussed below, the LDPE film is preferably extruded in a process that produces relatively balanced tear strength properties in both the machine direction (MD) and cross direction (CD).
The closure panel 21 has an interior surface, which faces the envelope interior 22 and front panel 12, and an exterior surface (not shown in
After being folded over, the closure panel 21 is configured to be fixed to the front panel 12 to “permanently” close the envelope opening 28. The closure 20 preferably permanently closes the envelope opening 28 such that opening the envelope 10 to access the contents of the envelope interior 22 entails damaging one of the panels 12, 14 or the closure such that the envelop cannot be reclosed and/or such that its having been opened is apparent. In the illustrated embodiment, a continuous band or layer of adhesive 30 extends along the interior surface of the closure panel 21 between the opposite sides. Other configurations of the band of adhesive are within the scope of the invention. A release liner strip 32 initially covers the adhesive band 30 to prevent inadvertent bonding with another surface. The release liner strip 32 preferably does not bond with the adhesive band and is removed before closing the envelope 10. Preferably, the adhesive band 30 is of a type that adheres strongly on contact with the material of the front panel 12. The adhesive band 30 is positioned so that, when the interior surface of the closure panel 21 engages the exterior surface of the front panel 12 in the closed configuration, the band contacts the front panel. To permanently close the envelope 10, the release strip 32 is removed and the closure panel 21 is folded over the front panel 12. The adhesive band 30 contacts the front panel 12 and bonds the closure panel 21 to the front panel. Once the adhesive band 30 bonds to the closure panel 21, the seal between the two components cannot be broken without at least some damage to the envelope.
The closure 20 also includes a tear band 40 configured for easy opening of the envelope 10 after the adhesive band 30 permanently closes the envelope. As shown in
In one or more preferred embodiments, the closure 20 has a thickness T and the tear panel 40 extends from the inboard surface of the closure 20 through a portion of the thickness of the closure. In the illustrated embodiment, the closure 20 includes a closure panel portion 46 that also extends through a portion of the thickness of the closure 20 at the tear line. The closure panel portion 46 provides some resistance to tearing at the tear line to prevent the envelope 10 from being inadvertently opened. In the illustrated embodiment, the tear band 40 makes up a portion of the thickness T of the closure 20 at the tear line and the closure panel portion 46 makes up the rest of the thickness of the closure. The tear band has a thickness Tt and the closure panel portion 46 has a thickness Tx. In one or more preferred embodiments, the thickness Tt of the tear band 40 is from about 25% to about 95% or from about 50% to about 80% of the thickness T of the closure 20. In certain embodiments, the thickness Tx of the closure panel portion 46 is from about 5% to about 50% of the thickness T of the closure 20.
As mentioned above, the tear band 40 is preferably coextruded with the closure panel 21. Other methods of forming the closure 20 may also be used without departing from the scope of the invention. In a preferred embodiment, the tear band 40 is coextruded with the closure panel 21 and front and rear envelope panels 12, 14 in a blown film process. For example, in one embodiment, the tear band 40 comprises an HDPE and the closure panel 21, front envelope panel 12, and rear envelope panel 14 comprise a unitary LDPE film that is coextruded in the same process as the tear band. Preferably, the extrusion process is oriented so that the envelope 10 has a widthwise oriented MD (i.e., the MD extends from the first side 17 to the second side 19 of the envelope) and a vertically oriented CD (i.e., the CD extends from the bottom end 15 to the top end of the envelope). For example, in one or more embodiments, the envelope 10 is formed in a blown film coextrusion process having a blow up ratio of from about 2 to about 3 (e.g., about 2.3). In certain preferred embodiments, the coextrusion process is performed at a temperature of from about 300° to about 400°.
When coextruding the tear band 40 and closure panel 21, it is generally preferable to use a polymeric material for the panel and a polymeric blend for the tear band that includes a polymer of the same type as is used for the polymeric material of the panel to promote bonding between the tear band and closure panel. For example, if the panel 21 is made from a polyethylene polymer, it is preferable for the tear band 40 to be made from a polymeric blend partially composed of a polyethylene polymer and another type of polymer. If the panel 21 is made from a polypropylene polymer, it is preferable for the temporary tear band 40 to be made from a polymeric blend partially composed of a polypropylene polymer and another type of polymer. If the panel 21 is made from a polybutylene polymer, it is preferable for the temporary tear band 40 to be made from a polymeric blend partially composed of a polybutylene polymer and another type of polymer. So, for example, in one embodiment the panel has a first polymeric composition and the tear band has a second polymeric composition which comprises the first composition and another type of polymer of between about 1 and about 75 wt %, such as between about 15 and about 35 wt %.
The tear band 40 and closure panel 21 are composed of materials that promote tearing of the closure 20 along the tear band 40 in a controlled fashion. In preferred embodiments, the tear band 40 comprises a material having lower tear strength than the closure panel 21 but relatively high tensile strength. For example, in one embodiment, the tear band 40 comprises a high density polyethelyene (HDPE) or another polyethylene blend and the closure panel 21 comprises an LDPE. In one example, the envelope 10 is constructed from a coextruded blown film having an LDPE layer (e.g., that forms the panels 12, 14, 21) and an HDPE layer (e.g., that forms the tear band 40), wherein the LDPE and HDPE layers have the physical characteristics shown in Table 1 below.
Referring to Table 1, in an exemplary embodiment, the tear band 40 is coextruded from an HDPE material having the physical characteristics of the HDPE layer and the panels 12, 14, 21 are coextruded from an LDPE material having the physical characteristics of the LDPE layer. This exemplary embodiment has certain preferred material characteristics that can be achieved using other materials and manufacturing processes. For example, in one or more embodiments, the coextruded tear band 40 has a low tear strength in the MD. By comparison, the panels 12, 14, 21 have a much higher tear strength in the MD and a more balanced tear strength in the CD. The relatively low tear strength of the tear band 40 as compared with the closure panel 21 promotes tearing along the tear band 40, as opposed to another portion of the closure 20. Although the tear band 40 has a low tear strength in the MD, it has a relatively high tensile strength at the break point and yield point in the MD. For example, in one or more embodiments, the tear band 40 has a higher tensile strength at yield point than that of the panels 12, 14, 21. In certain embodiments, the tear band 40 also has a higher tensile strength at break point than that of the panels 12, 14, 21. The relatively high tensile strength of the tear band 40 as compared with the closure panel 21 ensures that the force needed to initiate tearing of the tear band 40 is also sufficient to initiate tearing of the closure panel 21 along the portion 46 that is aligned with the tear band.
Thus, it can be seen that the tear band 40 and the closure panel 21 form a composite tearable section that extends along the width of the closure 20 along a segment of the height of the closure that is spaced apart from the top edge margin of the closure. Preferably, the tensile force at the yield point F1 of the composite tearable section of the closure 20, which includes the tear band 40 and the closure panel portion 46, is larger than the tear force F2 required to tear open the closure along the desired tear line. The tensile strength at the yield point P of the composite portion of the closure 20 is the combined tensile strength of the tear band 40 and panel portion 46, which is a measurement of force per unit area. Assuming the closure 20 has a width W and a thickness T, the tensile force at the yield point F1 can be calculated according to Equation 1 below. The tear strength Q of the composite portion of the closure 20 is a measurement of the force per unit thickness required to form one tear line along the closure. In the illustrated embodiment, the tear force F2 required to tear open the envelope 10 is twice the tear strength of the composite material because two tear lines are formed when opening the closure. Thus, the tear force F2 can be calculated according to Equation 2 below. The ratio R of the tensile force at the yield point F1 and the tear force F2 is calculated according to Equation 3 below. In one or more preferred embodiments R is at least 3, for example from about 3 to about 150, from about 4 to about 75, or from about 7 to about 50. The tensile strength at the yield point P and tear strength Q of the composite portion of the closure 20 can be adjusted by selecting the proper materials for the tear band 40 and closure panel 21. The tensile force at yield point F1 and tear force F2 can be further adjusted by selecting the proper thicknesses for the tear band 40 and closure panel portion 46.
In certain embodiments, the tear band 40 is composed of an immiscible polymer blend. An immiscible polymer blend has domains in the material that are rich in one or the other of the immiscible polymers in the blend. Whereas a miscible polymer blend or a single polymer is a homogenous material, immiscible polymer blends are heterogeneous. Weak material bonding occurs at interfaces between domains of the different polymers in an immiscible polymer blend. Although the weak material bonding produces a material that has a relatively weak tear strength, it is believed that immiscible polymer blends retain relatively strong tensile strength, especially at the yield point. Though immiscible polymer blends are a suitable material for the tear band 40, it is contemplated that other materials of relatively low tear strength can also be used without departing from the scope of the invention. In use, the tear band 40 is configured for controlled opening of the closure 20 along a tear line. As shown in
As shown in
The closure 20 and tear band 40 may also be constructed differently to facilitate controlled opening of the envelope 10 along desired tear line(s) without departing from the scope of the invention. For example, as shown in
Referring to
As can be seen, the closure 20 enables a container such as the envelope 10 to be permanently closed and subsequently opened in a destructive manner. Robust materials can be used for the closure 20 and the envelope so that the envelope is not inadvertently opened. A coextruded tear band 40 with relatively low tear strength enables the robust envelope to be opened accurately along a desired tear line with minimal user effort.
Referring to
Referring to
As shown in
Having described the invention in detail, it will be apparent that modifications and variations are possible without departing from the scope of the invention defined in the appended claims.
When introducing elements of the present invention or the preferred embodiments(s) thereof, the articles “a”, “an”, “the” and “said” are intended to mean that there are one or more of the elements. The terms “comprising”, “including” and “having” are intended to be inclusive and mean that there may be additional elements other than the listed elements.
In view of the above, it will be seen that the several objects of the invention are achieved and other advantageous results attained.
As various changes could be made in the above products without departing from the scope of the invention, it is intended that all matter contained in the above description and shown in the accompanying drawings shall be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.
This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 62/208,288 filed on Aug. 21, 2015, the entire content of which is incorporated by reference.
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 62208288 | Aug 2015 | US |
