Patent Application
20100207009
The present invention relates to a temporary post joint, a temporary structure, and a method for casting-in-place ready-mixed concrete with forms, thereby constructing slabs of a plurality of floors in parallel.
Document 1 (Japanese patent application laid-open on No. 1109-217417) discloses a technology of constructing pre-cast concrete longitudinal direction beams, and craning up pre-cast concrete boards to bring them down in a skeleton body. This enables to construct slabs without a support.
However, in this way, the width of slabs must be the multiple of the width of the pre-cast boards, and also the thickness of the slabs is limited. In other words, it must be said that the flexibility of slab construction is low.
Therefore, in general, forms are supported with a plurality of supports, and a slab of every floor is constructed individually as disclosed in Document 2 (Japanese patent application laid-open on No. H08-270069).
In this way, the flexibility of slab-designing is high. It takes, however, a long time to harden and solidify cast-in-place ready-mixed concrete, resulting in a long term of works and a huge cost according thereto. This is a serious problem.
[Document 1] Japanese patent application laid-open on No. H09-217417
[Document 2] Japanese patent application laid-open on No. 1108-270069
In view of the above, an object according to the present invention is to provide a temporary post joint, a temporary structure, and a method for constructing slabs of a plurality of floors that can maintain high flexibility of slab-designing, while reducing the term of works remarkably.
A first aspect according to the present invention provides a temporary post joint operable to being used in a temporary structure comprising a first temporary post and a second temporary post being arranged in a higher floor than the first temporary post, the temporary post joint comprising: a bottom face formed connectable to an upper end portion of the first temporary post; and a top face formed connectable to a lower end portion of the second temporary post, wherein the temporary post joint connects the first temporary post and the second temporary post in a vertical direction, and wherein the temporary post joint is formed operable to engage with arranged reinforcing bars and is integrally held within a slab even after cast-in-place concrete contacting with the reinforcing bars has hardened and solidified.
The temporary post joint according to this arrangement connects the first temporary post and the second temporary post in the vertical direction. Ready-mixed concrete can be cast-in-place above both the first and second temporary posts. Hardening and solidifying the cast ready-mixed concrete above both the temporary posts can be performed concurrently.
The terms of works can be remarkably shortened in comparison with the prior art that individually performs casting ready-mixed concrete of every floor to harden and solidify it.
Since usage of forms is not hindered, the flexibility of design can be kept high.
The temporary post joint is integrally held within the slab even after hardening and solidifying the cast-in-place concrete has been completed. By merely removing the forms and the temporary posts after the hardening and solidifying, the construction of the slabs can be completed.
A second aspect according to the present invention provides a temporary post joint as defined in the first aspect, wherein height from the bottom face to the top face is equal to the thickness of cast-in-place concrete.
With this arrangement, a worker who casts the ready-mixed concrete can exhaust the ready-mixed concrete referring to the top face of the temporary post joint as a landmark. Conventionally, he used to do the work by intuition without any basis. According to the arrangement, he can do the work more precisely and easily, thereby improving the precision of slab thickness.
A third aspect according to the present invention provides a temporary post joint as defined in the first aspect, wherein the bottom face is connected to the upper end portion of the first temporary post via a form contacting with the concrete.
With this arrangement, the temporary post joint connects the first and second temporary posts in the vertical direction inserting the form there-between, thereby constructing a solid temporary structure.
A forth aspect according to the present invention provides a temporary post joint as defined in the first aspect, wherein an anchor is provided with the top face and the bottom face, respectively.
With this arrangement, the worker can strongly connect the temporary post and the temporary post joint using an anchor bolt, and can easily do his work by loosening the anchor bolt when the temporary post should be removed.
A fifth aspect according to the present invention provides a temporary post joint as defined in the first aspect, wherein a bar arrangement space opening to the concrete via an opening part is provided within the interior of the temporary post joint, and wherein bars penetrate the bar arrangement space via the opening part, thereby the temporary post joint engages with the bars.
With this arrangement, the worker easily do his work because it is sufficient for him to insert the bars into the bar arrangement space almost similarly to a case where the temporary post joint does not exist. The temporary post joint may have a flat shape without a protruding member from a side face, which may be box-shaped or tubular. In this way, the worker is free from obstruction and injury caused by the protruding member when the temporary post joint should be loaded or conveyed.
A sixth aspect according to the present invention provides a temporary post joint as defined in the first aspect, wherein specific gravity of the temporary post joint is not less than specific gravity of the cast-in-place concrete.
With this arrangement, possibility that the temporary post joint may rise up caused by buoyancy can be reduced from casting the ready-mixed concrete till the completion of hardening and solidifying thereof, thereby enabling stable construction of slabs.
A seventh aspect according to the present invention provides a temporary post joint as defined in the first aspect, wherein the temporary post joint comprises: a solid pre-cast concrete block; and an extending bar extending outward from a side of the concrete block, and wherein the temporary post joint engages with a bar outside arranged using the extending bar.
With this structure, the worker need not in place insert the bar outside arranged through the temporary post joint. The worker can construct the slabs by merely engaging the extending bar with the bar outside arranged.
A seventh aspect according to the present invention provides a method for constructing slabs of a plurality of floors, comprising: standing a plurality of first posts in a first floor layer; supporting a first form at a boundary between the first floor layer and a second floor layer right above the first floor layer with the plurality of first posts; connecting bottom faces of a plurality of first post joints to upper end portions of the plurality of first posts, respectively; connecting lower end portions of a plurality of second post joints to top faces of the plurality of first post joints, respectively, thereby standing the plurality of second posts in the second floor layer; supporting a second form at a boundary between the second floor layer and a third floor layer right above the second floor layer with the plurality of second posts; connecting bottom faces of a plurality of second post joints to upper end portions of the plurality of second posts, respectively; casting-in-place first ready-mixed concrete contacting with the first form; and casting-in-place second ready-mixed concrete contacting with the second form, wherein the first ready-mixed concrete and the second ready-mixed concrete is hardened and solidified in at least a part of period concurrently, and afterward the first post joint and the second post joint are integrally held within slabs composed of the hardened and solidified concrete.
The temporary post joints according to this arrangement connect the plurality of first temporary posts and the plurality of second temporary posts in the vertical direction. By using the forms, constructing the plurality of floors can be performed concurrently. Accordingly, the terms of works can be remarkably shortened in comparison with the prior art that individually performs casting ready-mixed concrete of every floor to harden and solidify the cast concrete.
Moreover, usage of the forms is not hindered, thereby keeping high flexibility of design.
The temporary post joint is integrally held within the slab even after hardening and solidifying the cast-in-place concrete has been completed. By merely removing the forms and the temporary posts after the hardening and solidifying, the construction of the slabs can be completed.
According to the present invention, since constructing the plurality of floors can be performed concurrently utilizing the temporary post joints, the terms of works can be remarkably shortened in comparison with the conventional method. Usage of forms enables design with high flexibility.
Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. First, processes of a slab construction method in this embodiment will be described, next, various kinds of temporary posts will be explained, and at last, an example of the term of works according to this embodiment will be explained in comparison with that of conventional method.
First, as illustrated in
In this example, a space of three layers, which have support height h1, support height h2, and support height h3, respectively, is formed above the established slab 1. A margin for slab t1 is set up between the support height h1 and the support height h2, and a margin for slab t2 is set up between the support height h2 and the support height h3, respectively.
Each of the support height h1, h2 and h3 corresponds to floor height of a building. A part or all of the support height h1, h2 and h3 may be different from the other, by changing substantial height of the temporary posts. The present invention includes such a case.
Hereinafter, in order to simplify explanation, it is assumed that temporary posts having the same substantial height are used for every floor, and further that the support height h1, h2 and h3 is equal to each other accordingly.
Similarly, it is also assumed that the margin for slab t1 and the margin for slab t2 are equal to each other. Herein, the margin for slab t1 and the margin for slab t2 indicate the sum of thickness of slab to be constructed and the substantial thickness of a form below post joints (if any). Needless to say, the form is located at a boundary between an upper floor layer and a lower floor layer.
According to convenience of illustration, only spaces between slabs until the third floor are illustrated in
After the completion of preparing the above-mentioned established slab 1, a plurality of temporary posts 2 and 3 are stood at intervals. Herein, it is assumed that the temporary post 2 carries a load from the middle or higher floor. The span thereof is set up, for example, about 1400 mm Of course, this value is a mere example, and can be changed if needed.
On the other hand, the temporary post 3 is a reinforcement, which does not carry the load from the middle or higher floor (except for weight of the form, bars, and cast concrete). In the illustrated example, although the temporary post 3 is arranged in the middle of a span L1, this can also be changed properly.
As illustrated in the figures, many temporary posts 2 and 3 stand close together, and the worker moves dodging about. It is preferable to take consideration so that movement of the worker is not disturbed because of too many temporary posts 2 and 3, while maintaining the strength of the temporary structure.
The temporary posts 2 and 3 may be commercially available temporary posts, and are preferably posts whose height is adjustable, having lower end plates 2a and 3a at their lower end portions, and having upper end plates 2b and 3b at their upper end portions, respectively. The lower end plates 2a, 3a and the upper end plates 2b, and 3b are preferably formed broadly like horizontal flanges, respectively. The horizontal cross section of each post may be a polygon, such as a rectangle, or a circle, and so on.
Next, a form 4 is arranged on the upper end plates 2b and 3b. The form 4 is normally constituted including a flat concrete panel and joists and beams (not shown) reinforcing the flat concrete panel. The form is not limited to this type, if there is no problem when constructing the temporary structure, casting ready-mixed concrete, and curing (hardening and solidifying) the cast concrete.
Next, after completion of setting up the form 4, the temporary post joints 10 are arranged right above the upper end plates 2b of the temporary posts 2 in the middle floor. That is, the temporary post joints 10 are arranged per the span L1.
Various examples of the temporary post joint 10 will be explained later. The examples commonly include the feature of “wherein the temporary post joint connects temporary posts in a vertical direction in a temporary structure, and wherein the temporary post joint is formed operable to engage with arranged reinforcing bars and is integrally held within a slab even after cast-in-place concrete contacting with the reinforcing bars has hardened and solidified”.
When the temporary post joint 10 is located on the concrete panel of the form 4 and neither joist nor beam exists right below the temporary post joint 10, it is preferable for the worker to screw an anchor bolt upward from a lower floor layer side into an anchor provided with the bottom face of the temporary post joint 10 to make the anchor bolt penetrate the concrete panel, thereby combining the anchor bolt with the anchor of the temporary post joint 10.
If a commonly used form is used, some consideration of design can easily enable to adopt layout that the temporary post joint 10 is located on the concrete panel and neither joist nor beam exists right below the temporary post joint 10.
When this relationship is formed, the above-mentioned margin for slab is the sum of the height of the temporary post joint 10 and the thickness of the concrete panel.
A through hole may be opened in the concrete panel (that is, a part of the forms 4) to directly combine the bottom face of the temporary post joint 10 with a top face of the upper end plate. In this case, it is, however, necessary to take consideration so that cast ready-mixed concrete does not leak from the through hole.
Next, as illustrated in
In this example, since all of the support height h1 to h3 is equal to each other, the temporary posts 5 have the same height as the temporary posts 2 and 3. It is preferable to combine the lower end plates 5a with the anchors on the top faces of the temporary post joints 10 with anchor bolts.
As the result, the respective temporary post joints 10 are stood at intervals of the span L1.
Next, similar to the middle floor, a form 6 is arranged on the upper end plates 5b. As the same as the form 4, the form 6 is normally constituted including a flat concrete panel, and joists and beams (not shown) reinforcing the panel. The form is not limited to this type, if there is no problem when constructing the temporary structure, casting ready-mixed concrete, and curing (hardening and solidifying) the cast concrete.
Next, after completion of setting up the form 6, the temporary post joints 20 are arranged right above the upper end plates 5b of the temporary posts 5 in the higher floor. That is, the temporary post joints 20 are constituted as the same as the temporary post joints 10, and are arranged per the span L1.
When the temporary post joint 20 is located on the concrete panel of the form 6 and neither joist nor beam exists right below the temporary post joint 20, it is preferable for the worker to screw an anchor bolt upward from a lower floor layer side into an anchor (the details thereof will be described later) provided with the bottom face of the temporary post joint 20 to make the anchor bolt penetrate the concrete panel, thereby combining the anchor bolt with the anchor of the temporary post joint 20.
When this relationship is formed, the above-mentioned margin for slab t2 is the sum of the height of the temporary post joint 20 and the thickness of the concrete panel.
A through hole may be opened in the concrete panel (that is, a part of the forms 6) to directly combine the bottom face of the temporary post joint 20 with a top face of the upper end plate 5b. In this case, it is, however, necessary to take consideration so that cast ready-mixed concrete does not leak from the through hole.
Due to the above, the temporary structure has been constructed.
Referring to
Next, as illustrated in
As for a method for arranging the bars 7 and 8 and themselves, well-known technology can be used. Therefore, detailed explanation thereof is omitted.
Arranging bars in the middle floor may be performed prior to and/or concurrently with construction of the temporary structure of the higher floor.
Using ready-mixed concrete-supplying hoses 9, concrete 14 is cast-in-place in the middle floor, and concrete 15 is cast-in-place in the higher floor, respectively.
Herein, when a slab is constructed by casting-in-place according to conventional art, the thickness of the slab relies upon the intuitions and experiences of a worker casting concrete. Even if the worker is fully skilled in casting, unevenness and inclination of the slab may easily occur in many cases.
According to this embodiment, it is enough for the worker to cast concrete until the top faces of the temporary post joints 10 and 20. In other words, during casting, the worker can make sure a landmark (that is, top faces of the temporary post joints 10 and 20) of thickness by his eyes. Such unevenness and inclination can be reduced to the minimum, thereby enabling to easily construct slabs with high quality.
As the same as the bar arrangement, casting ready-mixed concrete in the middle floor can be performed prior to and/or concurrently with casting ready-mixed concrete in the higher floor.
When casting ready-mixed concrete in the middle and higher floors has been completed, it is necessary to wait for the cast concrete to be hardened and solidified. Referring to
That is, hardening and solidifying the cast-in-place concrete of a plurality of floors concurrently and at once can be performed. Thereby, wasteful time to wait the works can be reduced, and the terms of whole works is remarkably shortened.
As illustrated in
Referring to
The inventors of the present invention have invented the temporary post joints 10, and, utilizing the joints, also have completed the slab construction method for constructing slabs of a plurality of floors that can remarkably shorten the term of works in comparison with the conventional method.
Afterward, if needed, a slab of further higher floor can be constructed by regarding the cured concrete 15 as the established slab 1 in
In the above explanation, it is assumed that the temporary structure for the slabs for two floors is built. However, constructing slabs of three or more floors may be performed by changing strength and/or density of temporary posts. The present invention includes such a case.
Hereinafter, various kinds of post joints are explained giving some examples. The following various post joints can be used as any of the temporary post joint 10 and the temporary post joint 20.
As mentioned above, the temporary post joint according to the embodiment is not only a joint that connects the temporary posts in the longitudinal direction, but also a buried body that is integrally held within the concrete even after casting, hardening, and solidifying the concrete.
If the specific gravity of the post joint is smaller than that of ready-mixed concrete, buoyancy is given to the temporary post joint after casting the ready-mixed concrete until the completion of hardening and solidification thereof.
Therefore, it is preferable that the specific gravity of the post joint is equal to or slightly greater than that of ready-mixed concrete.
That is, it may be understood that the post joint of this embodiment has quite a different meaning from a member embedded in ready-mixed concrete in order to form a void in a slab.
Small buoyancy may be given to the post joint when a flange of the post joint is fixed with an anchor. The post joint according to the present invention is not limited to a member having specific gravity not less than that of ready-mixed concrete.
The temporary post joint 30 of the first example is almost rectangular. Anchors 33 at four positions are arranged on a top face 31 and a bottom face 32 of the temporary post joint 30.
By screwing anchor bolts into the anchors 33, the top face 31 is connectable to a temporary post arranged in a higher floor layer, and the bottom face 32 is connectable to a temporary post arranged in a lower floor layer, respectively.
The bottom face 32 and the temporary post arranged in the lower floor layer may be connected interleaving a concrete panel of a form, or the like there-between, or alternatively may be directly connected via a hole passing through the concrete panel of the form, or the like.
A bar arrangement space 34, which has the shape of a cross in a horizontal cross section thereof, is opened in the interior of the temporary post joint 30. The bar arrangement space 34 opens into the outside via opening parts 35 and 36 of four side faces.
As illustrated in
Since the bar arrangement space 34 has the shape of the cross in the horizontal cross section thereof, the reinforcing bars 7 and 8 can intersect perpendicularly with each other in the bar arrangement space 34. Thereby, the reinforcing bars 7 and 8 engage with the temporary post joint 30.
The level of the bottom face 32 is substantially as the same as the level of the form. The level of the top face 31 is used as a landmark indicating an upper limit of ready-mixed concrete to be exhausted.
When the ready-mixed concrete is exhausted around the temporary post joint 30, aggregate contained in the ready-mixed concrete can go into the bar arrangement space 34 through the opening part 35. In the bar arrangement space 34, the components of the ready-mixed concrete can be distributed as the same as the outside of the temporary post joint 30, and also can be hardened and solidified.
Herein, as illustrated in
As understood referring to
In the first example, the temporary post joint 30 which is box-like is used. In the second example, as illustrated in
Also in the second example, a bar arrangement space 44, which has the shape of a cross in a horizontal cross section thereof, is formed. The bar arrangement space 44 opens into the outside via opening parts 45.
Similar to the first example, also in the second example, by inserting and making the reinforcing bars 7 and 8 penetrate into the bar arrangement space 44, the reinforcing bars 7 and 8 can be arranged intersecting perpendicularly in the bar arrangement space 44. Thereby, the reinforcing bars 7 and 8 engage with the temporary post joint 40.
The level of the bottom face 42 is substantially as the same as the level of the form. The level of the top face 41 is used as a landmark indicating an upper limit of ready-mixed concrete to be exhausted.
As the same as the first example as shown in
As understood referring to
Accordingly, as the same as the first example, when the worker loads and/or conveys the temporary post joint 30 according to the second example, he is neither disturbed by any extending part (especially, by an extending bar, or the like) nor injured thereby.
In addition, when the worker carries the temporary post joint 40 by his hands, he can grip an edge of the flange part 43. Handling thereof is very easy.
The temporary post joints of pre-cast concrete have been described in the first and second examples. In the third example, as illustrated in
The specific gravity of the temporary post joint 50 is preferably more than that of ready-mixed concrete. When the specific gravity is not enough, a weight may be added properly.
As illustrated in
Anchors 56 are properly arranged on the top board 51 and the bottom board 52.
In this way, a top face 54 of the top board 51 is a top face 54 of the temporary post joint 50, and a bottom face 55 of the bottom board 52 is a bottom face 55 of the temporary post joint 50. The top and bottom boards 51 and 52 are rectangular boards, respectively.
Similar to the first and second examples, the level of the bottom face 55 is substantially as the same as the level of the form. The level of the top face 54 is used as a landmark indicating an upper limit of ready-mixed concrete to be exhausted.
When the ready-mixed concrete is exhausted around the temporary post joint 50, aggregate contained in the ready-mixed concrete can go into the bar arrangement space 57 through the opening part 58. In the bar arrangement space 57, the components of the ready-mixed concrete can be distributed as the same as the outside of the temporary post joint 50, and also can be hardened and solidified.
As understood referring to
Accordingly, when the worker loads and/or conveys the temporary post joint 50, he is neither disturbed by any extending part (especially, by an extending bar, or the like) nor injured thereby. Handling of the temporary post joint 50 is very easy.
In the forth example, as illustrated in
The specific gravity of the temporary post joint 60 is preferably more than that of ready-mixed concrete. When the specific gravity is not enough, a weight may be added properly.
The fourth example changes the shape of the third example. As illustrated in
Anchors 64 are properly arranged on the top board 61 and the bottom board 62.
In this way, a top face of the top board 61 is a top face of the temporary post joint 60, and a bottom face of the bottom board 62 is a bottom face of the temporary post joint 60. The top board 61 and the bottom board 62 are circular boards, respectively.
Similar to the first and second examples, the level of the bottom face of the bottom board 62 is substantially as the same as the level of the form. The level of the top face of the top board 61 is used as a landmark indicating an upper limit of ready-mixed concrete to be exhausted. Other points are the same as those of the third example.
In the first to fourth examples, the temporary post joints having a bar arrangement space therein have been described.
In
Anchors 72 and 82 are arranged in these pre-cast concrete blocks 71 and 81, respectively. As illustrated in
Furthermore, the horizontal cross section may change in the vertical direction having, for example, a trapezoidal or conical shape.
When extending bars are outward extended form the concrete block and arranged bars are engaged with the extending bars, it is not needed to insert bars into the temporary post joint. It is, however, necessary to pay attention to handling thereof, because the worker may be disturbed by the extending bars or may be injured thereby when he loads and/or conveys the temporary post joint.
Whereas, according to the slab building method according to this embodiment, by utilizing the above-mentioned temporary post joints, it is possible to perform in parallel both of the works for the lower floor layer and the works for the upper floor layer. Since it is also possible to perform casting the ready-mixed concrete and curing the cast concrete concurrently in parallel, the terms of works according to this embodiment can be remarkably shortened (about 40% or more in
In the above explanation, needless to say, the temporary post joints need not be arranged at all the crossings of bars. That is, the present invention includes a case where there are one or more crossings at which no temporary post joint is arranged.
The temporary post joint according to the present invention and a construction method using the same are suitably used in the field, for example, of casting-in-place concrete with forms to construct slabs of a plurality of floors especially for shortening the term of works.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2007-248562 | Sep 2007 | JP | national |
| 2007-339779 | Dec 2007 | JP | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind | 371c Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2008/060283 | 6/4/2008 | WO | 00 | 3/15/2010 |
